2022高考英语一轮复习主题训练二十三人与环境人与动植物含解析

主题训练(二十三)　人与环境、人与动植物

大阅读——提升阅读速度·内化读文规律

 (满分70分，限时55分钟)

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

A

Statement from Scholastic on

Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them

In the first printing of the newly updated Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them brought out by Scholastic, three sentences from the original section on Hippogriffs were accidentally left off. We regret this error and we want to promise our readers that those editions are no longer being shipped and a corrected edition is now in print and being shipped for all current orders.

We want the Harry Potter fans who eagerly secured their copies on the initial printing to be fully satisfied with their purchase. Therefore, any book with the missing sentences can be exchanged for the newer version by returning the book to Scholastic.

To exchange your copy for the corrected edition, please call the customer service department at 877­226­1064, Monday through Friday, 7 am through 6 pm Central Time to receive a prepaid mailing label (标签) to return your copy. We will send you the corrected edition upon receipt of the copy with the missing sentences.

We take pride in the entirety of the books we publish, and we have corrected this error as quickly as possible in a way that will address our readers' concerns most effectively. We ask for our customers' understanding and support as we improve the situation.

语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。学乐出版社就最新出版的《神奇动物在哪里》一书中的错误发表了声明。

1．What does Scholastic do?

A．A writer.　　　　　　 B．A publisher.

C．A magazine.   D．A bookstore.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文中的关键词printing, book, publish等可以得知，Scholastic是一家出版社。故选B。

2．What can be learnt about the exchange?

A．It can be an old­for­new service.

B．It is made at customers' expense.

C．It is targeted at Harry Potter buyers.

D．The call for exchange can be made everyday.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“any book with the missing sentences ... by returning the book to Scholastic”及第三段中的“We will send you the corrected edition upon receipt ... sentences”可知，顾客要想更换新版本图书，应把有错误的图书退给Scholastic，可以说这是一个以旧换新的服务。故选A。

3．Why does Scholastic make this statement?

A．To advertise a newly released book.

B．To apologize for sending the wrong order.

C．To correct a mistake and beg for understanding.

D．To appreciate readers' feedback on the book.

解析：选C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要是Scholastic就《神奇动物在哪里》这本书中的错误发表的声明，该声明旨在提出补救措施，并希望得到读者的谅解。故选C。

B

Three years ago, Will Gladstone studied the endangered blue­footed booby (蓝脚鲣鸟) in his fifth­grade science class. He learned its population had declined by 50 percent in the past 60 years. Most kids would have closed their books and forgotten about the endangered bird. But not Will. He was attracted by this “really cool bird”．

Will wanted to do something to help, and began staring at his feet. He came up with the idea of selling blue socks, so everyone could have blue feet like the blue­footed booby. His dad helped find someone to make the socks, and they held a logo (标识) contest online. His younger brother Matty also wanted to be a part of the project, and came up with The Blue Feet Foundation (BFF) name. Together, the boys were ready to raise money to help save the blue­footed booby.

At first, no one took the two kids seriously, and it was three months before they sold any socks. However, they have now sold more than 3,000 pairs of socks, with orders coming in from all 50 states and across 30 countries. They have already raised more than $40,000 for their cause. And, in 2017, they funded an exploration for Dr David J. Anderson, a world­famous expert in blue­footed boobies, to study the population decline.

The BFF has also attracted a large following on social media. Their followers post photos wearing the foundation's signature blue socks making appearances all over the world, including the Grand Canyon, the Great Wall of China and Stonehenge. “More people know about the blue­footed booby because of us，” says Matty.

Both boys understand the impact of giving back to the community. “We need to inspire people to help everyone else, so the world gets better，” Matty says. As for the future of the foundation, Matty says, “I hope we go out of business, because that means we saved the blue­footed booby.”

语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。Will在课堂上了解到濒临灭绝的蓝脚鲣鸟，深受触动。为拯救这种鸟类，他与弟弟Matty一起创办了公益组织，并取得了一定的成功。

4．What did Will do to help the blue­footed booby?

A．He distributed books about it.

B．He sold blue socks to raise money for it.

C．He made explorations with experts in it.

D．He held contests online for ideas of protecting it.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Will wanted to do something to help, and began staring at his feet. He came up with the idea of selling blue socks”以及“the boys were ready to raise money to help save the blue­footed booby”可知，Will想到了通过卖蓝色袜子来筹钱保护蓝脚鲣鸟。 

5．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The advantage of the BFF.

B．The purpose of the BFF.

C．The foundation of the BFF.

D．The success of the BFF.

解析：选D　段落大意题。根据第三段中的“they have now sold more than 3,000 pairs of socks ...They have already raised more than $40,000 for their cause. And, in 2017, they funded an exploration for Dr David J. Anderson ...to study the population decline”可知，本段主要想说明他们创办的组织很成功。 

6．What does Matty expect of the BFF?

A．It'll finally close down.

B．It'll include more experts in birds.

C．It'll save other endangered species.

D．It'll expand its business to more countries.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，对于蓝脚基金会的未来，Matty希望它会破产，因为这意味着蓝脚鲣鸟不再濒危，不再需要拯救。

7．What can we learn from the text?

A．Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.

B．Even kids can make a difference to the world.

C．Getting close to birds adds to the joy of kids' life.

D．Success is often followed by giving back to society.

解析：选B　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了Will在五年级时和弟弟Matty一起创办了公益组织，拯救濒临灭绝的蓝脚鲣鸟，并取得了一定成功。由此可推知，即使是孩子也能对世界有所影响。

C

Do you ever wonder why trees begin to bud (发芽) earlier in some cities? Scientists finally found the answer but it's not very pleasant. New science suggests a relationship between light pollution and the timing when trees produce buds, which signals the arrival of the spring season.

Light pollution is defined by the Lighting Research Center as the unwanted consequence of outdoor lighting such as street lights. Excessive (过多的) man­made light at night results in disturbed natural cycles, and also prevents the observation of stars and planets at night. But its effect on the environment goes beyond that.

By studying some trees, researchers found out that trees that are more exposed to artificial lighting at night bud up to 7.5 days earlier than those at the natural nighttime setting. And they found out that light had a more significant effect than temperature when the buds came out. The early budding may cause problems for insects, which feed on leaves, and the birds which then feed on them in turn. Professor Richard Ffrench­Constant, who helped lead the research, explained, that more than the budding of trees, the study implies the danger to the balance of the ecosystem. “At the moment, caterpillars are timed to hatch to make the most of the opportunities to feed on freshly budded leaves, and birds hatch in time to feed on the young caterpillar，” he said.

Migratory (迁徙的) birds are also negatively affected by light pollution. The glare might confuse them and make them lose their flying sense. The phenomenon might explain why some birds accidentally knock into buildings.

Such results stress the need to pursue studies that aim to measure the effect of light pollution. If the issue were left to continue, it is estimated that by 2100, spring would begin almost a full month earlier than it does today.

语篇解读：这是一篇科普说明文。由于光污染，在某些城市春天来得比往年要早，这给动植物造成了不同程度的影响。

8．What will happen if there is too much man­made light?

A．People's eyesight will be damaged.

B．The ecosystem will likely lose its balance.

C．No stars or planets may be observed at night.

D．Animals' living habits may change suddenly.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Excessive (过多的) man­made light at night results in disturbed natural cycles”及第三段中的“the study implies the danger to the balance of the ecosystem”可知，过多的人造光会干扰自然循环，使生态系统失去平衡。故选B项。

9．How does the early budding affect insects or plants?

A．It will cause the rising number of insects.

B．It could lead to trees growing fewer leaves.

C．It may result in some insects going hungry.

D．It might push insects to hatch more slowly.

解析：选C　推理判断题。第三段先提到树木发芽早可能会给昆虫和鸟类带来问题，下面提到正常情况是毛虫按照有机会吃新鲜树叶的时间孵化出来，鸟类孵化出来刚好能吃上幼毛虫，如果树木发芽早了，那后孵化的毛虫就吃不上新鲜树叶，可能会挨饿或饿死，而刚孵化的鸟类的食物——幼毛虫也可能减少，由此推知，树木发芽早可能导致一些昆虫挨饿。

10．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?

A．The effect of light pollution is destructive.

B．The spring of 2100 will become much longer.

C．Light pollution should be taken seriously.

D．A further study on light pollution is scheduled.

解析：选C　推理判断题。根据末段可知，如果任由光污染问题继续下去，估计到2100年，春天会比现在提前将近一整月。这些变化当然会对环境、生态和人类造成巨大的影响，而且文中提到现在迫切需要进行旨在估量光污染的影响的研究，因此我们肯定需要认真对待光污染的问题。故选C项。

11．What is the suitable title for the passage?

A．Why spring comes earlier in some cities

B．Why light pollution needs to be studied

C．How trees' early budding takes place

D．How much light is “too much”

解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者主要讲的是由于光污染，在一些城市树木发芽早，即春天来得比往年要早，以及这给动植物造成的不同程度的影响。因此A项最能概括文章的大意。

D

(2021·合肥质检)Trees, some of the tallest in the world, towered above Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues each morning as they walked deep into the rainforest in the Maliau Basin in Borneo, where they had set up a set of experiments to look at the ecological effects of small creatures: termites (白蚁)．

Termites get a_bum_rap. They make headlines for chewing up billions of dollars of property each year in the U．S. And they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing through carbon­rich materials. A whole industry is aiming at killing them.

But they play a key role in many natural ecosystems. Scientists have known for years that in tropical (热带的) forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control and letting nutrients from the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and animals. But they didn't know exactly how important the insects were in keeping the forest healthy and functional, so they removed termites from a particular spot in the forest and saw how it responded.

As luck would have it, Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues started their experiment when the forest was hit by an extreme drought. During the non­drought years, they saw there wasn't much difference between the normal plots and the ones where they'd removed the termites. But during the drought, the effects were marked. What they found was unexpected: in the termite­rich areas, the soil stayed slightly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted (抽芽), and the system was full of activity despite the long, hard dry spell.

For Griffiths, it was only because they happened to study the drought that they could pick out the real importance of termites to the system, she points out. “And that rings alarm bells in my head，” she says, “because it makes me think, well, what else don't we know? If we start damaging biological communities, we don't know what that will do.”

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。白蚁因每年在美国吞噬数十亿美元的房产而登上新闻头条，它们的碳排放量约占全球的2%。人们想要消灭白蚁。但是科学家通过做试验表明，白蚁对自然生态系统的作用是不可估量的。

12．Which of the following best explains “a bum rap” underlined in Paragraph 2?

A．Unfair blame.   B．Wide popularity.

C．Public attention.   D．Special preference.

解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句和第三段第一句“But they play a key role in many natural ecosystems”可知，白蚁因每年在美国吞噬数十亿美元的房产而登上新闻头条，人们想杀死它们，但它们在许多自然生态系统中发挥了关键的作用，由此可推知，画线词所在句表示白蚁受到了不公平的责备。

13．What have scientists learned about termites?

A．They do serious harm to tropical rainforests.

B．They contribute a lot to the ecosystem they live in.

C．They act as food for other plants, insects and animals.

D．They speed up the loss of nutrition in the rainforest.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解，尤其是第二句中的“termites chew up fallen leaves ... by other plants, insects, and animals”可知，白蚁会啃食落叶和枯木，并让枯木中的营养物质重新进入生态系统，供其他植物、昆虫和动物使用。由此可知，科学家们已经知道白蚁对它们居住的生态系统贡献很大。

14．What can we infer from the finding of Griffiths' experiment?

A．Termites help rainforests survive climate change.

B．Termites prefer drought years to non­drought ones.

C．Termites benefit more from the forest during the drought.

D．Termites enjoy eating tree seedlings during the drought.

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“What they found was ... hard dry spell”可知，在白蚁密集的地区，土壤保持湿润，更多的树苗抽芽，生态系统在漫长干旱的时期充满活力。由此可推知，白蚁帮助雨林渡过气候变化。

15．What does Griffiths tell us in the last paragraph?

A．Termites are now in danger of extinction.

B．Termites damage biological communities.

C．We should think twice before damaging a species.

D．We should study the drought to improve the system.

解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段，尤其是“If we start damaging biological communities, we don't know what that will do”可知，如果我们开始破坏生物群落，我们不知道会发生什么，由此可推知，Griffiths在最后一段告诉我们在破坏一个物种之前，先要考虑到会产生的后果。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

If you attend the Yangtze River Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition, you will find it hard to forget the treasures displayed there. That's because all of them, from delicate wood carvings to the fragrant West Lake Longjing Tea, are cultural achievements of Chinese people. __16__. Let's have a deep look at the great river civilization.

Long regarded as a state symbol, Chinese embroidery (刺绣) took roots in the Yangtze River Valley. Think of the 4 most famous types of embroideries in China: Su Xiu from Jiangsu, Shu Xiu from Sichuan, Xiang Xiu from Hunan and Yue Xiu from Guangdong. __17__.

Walking alongside the Yangtze River, you may hear singers in boats chanting simple songs containing powerful lyrics. This is the ancient music known as haozi, which boatmen sing to unify their rowing rhythm. __18__. It is a record of history, which should be kept and carried forward.

__19__. It was originally started to worship the dragon totem (图腾) by the people of the old Wuyue area. After the Warring States Period, the festival was in honor of the poet Quyuan, who lived in the ancient state of Chu.

So far, 11 cities along the Yangtze River have signed an agreement to protect the intangible cultural heritages along the river. __20__. This move is a big step toward making sure our nation's cultural wonders will be alive for more generations.

A．There is a traditional Chinese fairy tale

B．They are priceless treasures in Jiangsu Province

C．Dragon Boat Festival originated from the Yangtze River

D．They are also reflections of the long history of the Yangtze River

E．It will promote cooperation and inspire integration (整合) among the cities

F．Hearing it is less common today, but it's still a symbol of the Yangtze River

G．You will realize that three of them originate from cities along the Yangtze River

语篇解读：文章介绍了中国长江流域的非物质文化遗产——中国刺绣、号子、端午节等。目前，长江流域沿线的11座城市已经签署协议共同保护长江流域的非物质文化遗产，这一举措是为确保我们国家的文化奇观能够世代流传所迈出的一大步。

16．选D　根据后文围绕着长江流域的非物质文化遗产展开可知，该处应选择承上启下的句子，引出这些遗产与长江流域的关系。D项中的They指代前文中的“the treasures”，与上一句中的“all of them”指代相同，且D项中的also表明不只是像前文所提到的“它们是中国人的文化成就”，它们同时也是长江流域悠久历史的反映。

17．选G　该段前文提到中国刺绣扎根于长江流域和中国的四大名绣。设空处应体现四大名绣与长江流域的紧密关系，G项中的three of them表明四大名绣中的三个发源于长江沿岸的城市。

18．选F　该段介绍了“号子”这一长江流域的非物质文化遗产，它是船夫吟唱的简单曲调。选项中只有F项中的Hearing it与该段内容相关，且F项中的“it's still a symbol of the Yangtze River”与后文的“should be kept and carried forward”相呼应。

19．选C　根据该段中的“the dragon totem”和“the poet Quyuan”并结合选项可知，该段介绍的是端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)。

20．选E　设空处前一句提到“长江沿岸的11座城市已经签署协议共同保护长江流域的非物质文化遗产”，设空处后一句介绍了这一举措的好处，E项与后一句并列为该举措的好处，且E项中的It特指前文11座城市签署保护协议这件事，the cities指的是前文所提到的长江沿岸的11座城市。

Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

I enjoy feeding birds in my garden. About three years ago, a baby chipmunk (花栗鼠) which I named Chip came to this festive display. Over that summer, I watched it __21__. The next summer, the chipmunk was back, and I wondered whether it would __22__ me to feed it by hand or let me pet it. Before Chip would approach, I'd __23__ its favorite food, bend down and keep very __24__. I'd leave my open hand __25__， unmoving, so the animal would know I wouldn't __26__ it. I continued doing this for a few weeks.

__27__， late in that second summer, Chip did show more trust. One day as I __28__ a seed with my fingertips, it approached and __29__ took the seed into its mouth. It never bit my fingers.

I was happy that Chip and I had made a(n) __30__ of trust.

After about two months of this __31__， I went further. With my index finger, I __32__ its back once gently. I'm not even sure Chip felt it, but it didn't __33__. I then moved my two fingers slowly and gently over it. __34__， Chip stayed calm, eating seeds, before running quickly back into the bush.

Today, the chipmunk comes out of hiding when I call its name, and lets me __35__ its soft, silky body.

A friend once mentioned that after she __36__ a dog, she noticed that her high blood pressure had approached __37__ without medication, and she became calmer and could handle stress better. I think I, too, feel __38__ from my interactions with Chip.

I've also developed a greater __39__ for nature and its creatures and the opportunity to observe, protect and save wildlife. Most of all, I am amazed by the __40__ of a tiny chipmunk to meet me halfway in trust.

语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”家院子里有一只小花栗鼠，整个夏天“我”都观察它慢慢长大，“我”给它喂食，慢慢地取得了它的信任，如今只要一叫它的名字，它就跑出来让“我”抚摸。“我”更加尊重大自然和它的生物，并有机会观察和保护野生动物。

21．A.eat   B．grow

C．play   D．jump

解析：选B　根据上文的“a baby chipmunk”可知，作者描写的是一只幼年花栗鼠；结合该句中的“Over that summer, I watched it”可推知，整个夏天，作者都在观察它长大。B项意为“长大，成长”，故B项正确。A项意为“吃”，C项意为“玩耍”，D项意为“跳跃”，都与语境不符。

22．A.praise   B．beg

C．inspire   D．trust

解析：选D　根据该句的内容并结合第二段第一句中的“trust”可推知，第二年夏天，花栗鼠回来了，作者不知道它是否还信任自己，让作者亲手喂它，抚摸它。D项意为“信任”，故D项正确。A项意为“赞扬”，B项意为“乞求”，C项意为“鼓舞”，都与语境不符。

23．A.put off   B．put up

C．put down   D．hang up

解析：选C　根据该句中的“Before Chip would approach, I'd ________ its favorite food”，并结合常识可知，在这只花栗鼠靠近作者之前，作者放下它喜欢的食物。C项意为“放下”，故C项正确。A项意为“取消”，B项意为“提出”，D项意为“挂断电话”，都与语境不符。

24．A.anxious   B．excited

C．still   D．curious

解析：选C　根据该句的内容，并结合下文中的“unmoving”可推知，在这只花栗鼠靠近作者之前，作者放下它喜欢的食物，弯下腰，保持静止不动的状态，以防吓走花栗鼠。C项意为“静止的”，故C项正确。A项意为“焦虑的”；B项意为“兴奋的”；D项意为“好奇的”。

25．A.in public   B．in place

C．in return   D．in turn

解析：选B　根据语境以及该句中的“unmoving”可知，作者将张开的双手保持在适当的位置上，一动不动，这样这只花栗鼠就知道作者不会去抓(grab)它。B项意为“在正确位置”，故B项正确。A项意为“公开地”，C项意为“作为回报”，D项意为“依次”，都与语境不符。

26．A.grab   B．remove

C．bite   D．throw

解析：选A　参见上题解析。A项意为“抓住”，故A项正确。B项意为“移开”；C项意为“咬”；D项意为“扔”。

27．A.Initially   B．Unusually

C．Obviously   D．Finally

解析：选D　根据上文“I continued doing this for a few weeks”，并结合该句“late in that second summer, Chip did show more trust”可知，最后，这只花栗鼠更加信任作者了。D项意为“最后，终于”，故D项正确。A项意为“最初”；B项意为“特别地”；C项意为“显然”。

28．A.found   B．planted

C．offered   D．produced

解析：选C　一天，作者用指尖提供给它一粒种子时，它向作者靠近了。C项意为“提供”，故C项正确。A项意为“发现”；B项意为“种植”；D项意为“生产”。

29．A.cautiously   B．aggressively

C．comfortably   D．confidently

解析：选A　根据语境以及下文“It never bit my fingers”可知，花栗鼠谨慎地把种子放进嘴里。A项意为“谨慎地”，故A项正确。B项意为“挑衅地”；C项意为“安逸地”；D项意为“自信地”。

30．A.promise   B．breakthrough

C．introduction   D．experience

解析：选B　根据上文可知，花栗鼠开始从作者的手中取食，而且没有咬作者；结合该句可推知，作者和花栗鼠之间的信任取得了突破。 B项意为“突破”，故B项正确。A项意为“承诺”；C项意为“介绍”；D项意为“经历，体验”。

31．A.education   B．discovery

C．routine   D．resolution

解析：选C　根据上文可知，花栗鼠开始从作者的手中取食，作者和花栗鼠之间的信任取得了突破；结合该句可推知，这种日常的行为进行了两个月之后，作者能更进一步(接近它)了。C项意为“常规”，符合语境。A项意为“教育”，B项意为“发现”，D项意为“决议”，都与语境不符。

32．A.knocked   B．brushed

C．rocked   D．touched

解析：选D　根据该句“With my index finger, I ________ its back once gently”可知，作者用食指轻轻地触摸它的后背。D项意为“触摸”，故D项正确。A项意为“敲，击”，B项意为“刷”，C项意为“摇摆”，都与语境不符。

33．A.run away   B．rush out

C．give away   D．turn up

解析：选A　根据上文可知，花栗鼠开始信任作者了；结合该句“I'm not even sure Chip felt it, but it didn't ________”可推知，作者用食指触摸它时，它没有跑开。A项意为“逃跑”，故A项正确。B项意为“赶制”；C项意为“泄露”；D项意为“偶然出现”。

34．A.However   B．Again

C．So   D．Therefore

解析：选B　根据上文可知，作者触摸花栗鼠的后背时，它并没有逃跑，接着作者用两个手指慢慢地轻抚它；结合该句中的“Chip stayed calm, eating seeds”可知，花栗鼠再次保持镇静。B项意为“再一次”，故B项正确。A项意为“然而”；C项意为“因此”；D项意为“所以”。

35．A.admire   B．support

C．pet   D．lift

解析：选C　根据上文可知，作者和花栗鼠之间建立了信任，作者用手指抚摸它，它没有跑开；结合该句可知，如今，作者一叫它的名字，这只花栗鼠就从躲藏的地方跑出来，让作者抚摸它柔软丝滑的身体。C项意为“抚摸”，故C项正确。A项意为“赞赏”，B项意为“支持”，D项意为“举起”，都与语境不符。

36．A.walked   B．adopted

C．abandoned   D．lost

解析：选B　根据语境可知，一位朋友曾经说过，在她收养了一只狗之后，她的血压趋于正常(normal)了。B项意为“收养”，故B项正确。A项意为“散步”；C项意为“放弃”；D项意为“丢失”。

37．A.safety   B．original

C．logic   D．normal

解析：选D　参见上题解析。D项意为“正常”，故D项正确。A项意为“安全”；B项意为“原件”；C项意为“逻辑”。

38．A.calmer   B．faster

C．quieter   D．easier

解析：选A　根据上文中的“calmer”，并结合该句“I think I, too, feel ________ from my interactions with Chip”可推知，在同这只花栗鼠的交流过程中，作者也感到更加平静了。

39．A.sympathy   B．motivation

C．mercy   D．respect

解析：选D　作者也更加尊重自然和它的生物，并发展机会观察、保护和拯救野生动物。D项意为“尊重”，故D项正确。A项意为“同情”；B项意为“动机”；C项意为“恩惠”。

40．A.capacity   B．contribution

C．memory   D．comfort

解析：选A　根据上文可知，作者通过给花栗鼠喂食取得了它的信任；结合该句可知，最重要的是，作者惊讶于花栗鼠对自己信任的能力。A项意为“能力”，故A项正确。B项意为“贡献”；C项意为“记忆”；D项意为“慰藉物”。

精表达——夯实语言基础·提升表达能力

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The fish will be helpful in studying the evolution (进化) of animals.

2．Besides, too much hunting also causes the disappearance of certain species (物种)．

3．Alaskan Eskimos believe that every living creature (生物) possesses a spirit.

4．Don't forget to bring a chemical to keep insects (昆虫) away.

5．Bamboo (竹子) is a tall tropical plant with hollow stems.

6．It's wrong for people to hunt animals for their meat and feather (羽毛), for they are our friends.

7．In my opinion, people get their genes (基因) from their parents.

8．The grassland is an important habitat (栖息地) for many wild flowers.

9．John was traveling by ship to Europe when a terrible storm (暴风雨) came.

10．I believe that I will finally see a wonderful rainbow (彩虹) after the rainy days!

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．He was worried, because he lost his bag containing (contain) his passport, ID card and a lot of money.

2．Cloned (clone) animals have a shorter life compared with the original animals.

3．We appreciate participating (participate) in this activity, which has helped to build an emotional connection between the old and the young.

4．He admitted the mistake and promised to make up for the loss (lose)．

5．Modern lifestyle and modern ways of production also cause noise pollution (pollute)．

6．Having lost engine power, the boat's crew found themselves at the mercy of the wind.

7．A law has been passed to protect endangered wildlife from_dying (die) out.

8．If not dealt with properly (proper), waste batteries will seriously pollute the underground water.

9．The article discusses the survival (survive) ability of wildlife during winter.

10．There are more and more endangered (endanger) animals at present, so how to protect them has been our task of top priority.

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．It's_time_we_took_measures_to_protect_the river from being polluted.

是我们采取措施防止这条河流污染的时候了。

2．The number of plants and animals on the earth_is_becoming_smaller_and_smaller.

地球上的植物和动物的数量正变得越来越少。

3．Air_and_water_are_being_polluted_so_that_the environment in which animals live is destroyed.

空气和水正受到污染，以至于动物生存的环境被破坏。

4．I wonder_if_laws_will_be_made_to_punish_those_who injure or even kill animals more severely.

我想知道是否能制定一些法律来严惩那些伤害甚至杀死动物的人。

5．Elephants would_be_in_danger_of_dying_out_if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.

如果再允许人们随心所欲地射杀大象，大象就会有灭绝的危险。

Ⅳ.书面表达

(2021·昆明质检)假定你是校英文报社的记者李华，请你报道你校本周开展的主题为“保护野生动物”的征文活动。内容包括：

1．活动目的；

2．征文情况。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考范文：

This week our school held an essay contest whose theme is protecting wild animals. The purpose of this activity is to raise students' awareness of caring for wild animals, especially endangered ones.

The activity attracted a number of students. A total of 300 articles were received, all of which were submitted through the Internet. There are different styles of essays, including novels, poems, and letters. Some students expressed their great concern for the situation of wild animals, and others put forward a wide variety of measures to protect them.

The students have come to realize the importance of protecting wild animals through the activity.