2022年上海市中考英语核心词汇梳理及语法分类练习

这是一份2022年上海市中考英语核心词汇梳理及语法分类练习，共14页。试卷主要包含了 able adj， abut prep， abve prep， abrad adv， acrss prep， active adj， affrd v， afraid adj等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1. able adj.有能力的；能干的
【短语】be able t能，会
用able的适当形式填空
1) I am sure Ben has the _____ t finish the wrk by himself.ability
2) He was s excited that he was _____ t say a wrd.unable
3) Excellent English _____ him t get the ffer easily.enables
2. abut prep.关于；对于：
【辨析】abut与n：abut 指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事, 其谈论的内容也较为普通；而 n 则指比较有系统地或理论性较强地论述某事，其论述的内容较正式或较为严肃。
1) It is said that abut _____ students will take part in the English Cntest this cming Friday.
A.five hundred B. five hundreds C. hundreds f D. five hundred f
2) abut\n
① The class teacher was talking with my mther _____ my behavir in the classrm.abut
② They are discussing _____ the date f hlding the pening ceremny.n
3. abve prep.在……上面：The lamp hangs abve the bed. 灯挂在床的上方。
【辨析】abve与ver：两者都可表示“高于”，ver 主要表示垂直方向的正上方，而 abve 则不一定表示正上方(即可以是正上方也可以不是正上方)。
1) There is a bridge _____ the river.ver
2) I saw the planes flying _____ the hills.abve
4. abrad adv.到国外，在国外：
I want t study abrad in the future. 将来我想在国外学习。
His friends are ging abrad n hliday. 他的朋友准备出国休假。
【辨析】abrad与abard: abrad意为到国外；abard意为登机、登船
1) 他和朋友准备出国休假。________________________________________________
He is ging abrad n hliday with his friends.
2) 我们在船上过了两个月。____________________________________________
We spent tw mnths abard.
5. acrss prep.穿过，横穿：
Be careful acrss the rad. 过马路要小心。
【注意】acrss 是介词，不是动词，与之意义相近的动词形式是 crss，注意不要混淆。
Be careful when yu cme _____ the street, because the traffic is very busy at the mment. If yu are under five, yu shuld _______ the street with an adult.
A. acrss, acrssB.acrss, crss C. crss, crss D. crss, acrss
6. active adj.积极的：
用active的适当形式填空
1) Harry is dreaming f being an _____ like Tm Cruise.actr
2) He always takes an active part in the class _____.(保持原意不变)activities
He _____ always _____ in the class _____.Is, active, activities
3) The gvernment ught t take _____ t strengthen the ecnmic grwth.Actin
7. affrd v.有足够的(钱，时间)做某事：
Tday many families can affrd a car. 如今很多家庭买得起车。
I cannt affrd the time t g t the market tday. 今天我抽不出时间去市场了。
【用法】通常与 can, be able t 等连用；后接动词时要用不定式，不用动名词。
他家境比较贫寒，以至于负担不起他的大学费用。
_____________________________________________________________
His family was s pr that he culdn’t affrd the cllege expenses.
8. afraid adj.害怕的：Mst peple are afraid f snake. 大多数人都怕蛇。
【短语】be afraid f害怕：He is afraid f nthing. 他什么都不怕。
【用法】是表语形容词，一般不能放在名词前作定语。
9. after prep.&cnj.在……之后；在……后面
After he finished his hmewrk, he went ut t play basketball. (同义句转换)
_____ _____ his hmewrk, he went ut t play basketball.After finishing
10. agree v.同意，赞成：
I agree with yu n that pint. 在那一点上我同意你的观点。
【说明】后接动词要用不定式，不用动名词。
汤姆的言行不一致。_________________________________________
Tm’s wrds dn’t agree with his actins.
他不同意采用我的建议。________________________________________
He didn’t agree t take my advice.
11. alive adj.活着的：
The fish is still alive. 鱼还是活的。
He is alne, but lucky t be alive. 他孤单一人，但所幸还活着。
【辨析】alive, living和live：三者均可表示“活着的”，alive 主要作表语，可用于人或动物。如：He must be still alive. 他一定还活着。living 可用作表语或定语，可用于人或物。Live做形容词应该用于live shw“现场直播”。
If there is n sun, there will be n _____ things n the earth, that means nthing can be _____.
A. alive, livingB.living, alive C. living, live D. alive, live
12. allw v.允许，准许
Are we allwed t sit dwn.?能允许我们坐下吗？
【短语】allw sb t d sth允许某人做某事：
1) Peple are nt allwed ____ in the cinema , but they will allw ____in the rest rm.
A t smke, smke B smking , t smke
Ct smke , smking D smking ,smke
2) We mustn’t smke in the ffice. (同义句转换)
We _____ _____ t smke in the ffice.Aren’t allwed
We _____ _____ smking in the ffice.Aren’t allwed
13. alne adv.独自，单独地; adj.单独的，独自的：
I want t talk with yu alne. 我想和你单独谈谈。
I was alne in the huse.房子里只有我一个人。
Thugh he lives _____, he never feels _____.
A. lnely, alne B. lnely, lnelyC.alne, lnely D. alne, alne
14. amaze v.使……大为惊讶，使惊愕
【短语】be amazed at / by对……感到惊讶
I was amazed at / by her calmness. 我对她的镇定感到吃惊。
他居然还活着使她感到惊异。__________________________________________________
She was amazed that he was still alive.
他驾驶考试合格使大家很惊奇。__________________________________________________
He amazed everyne by passing his driving test.
15. angry adj.发怒的，生气的：
He was s angry with his brther. 他很生弟弟的气。
【短语】be angry with sb对某人发脾气 be angry at / abut sth 对某事生气：
1) 父母最好不要经常对孩子发脾气。______________________________________________
Parents had better nt ften be angry with children.
2) 他总是为一些事生气。________________________________________________
He is always getting angry abut smething.
3) He lked _____ when he saw his naughty sn, s he shuted at him _____.Angry, angrily
T his great _____, nly 15% students passed the examinatin. (angry)anger
16. anther adj.&prn.另一个(的)；又一个(的)：
1) The manager believes prices will nt rise by mre than _____ fur percent.
A. any ther B. the ther C.anther D. ther
2) There is smething wrng with ur ld TV set. S we decide t buy _____ ne.
A. the ther B. the thers C. thers D.anther
3) ---What des “refrigeratr” mean?
---It’s _____ way f saying fridge. We call it fried fr shrt.
A. ther B. thers C.anther D. the thers
17. any adj.什么；一些；任何的可与bdy， ne， thing搭配构成不定代词
【用法】常用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。
1) The muntain is t high fr _____ t get t the tp f it in an hur.
A. everyne B. n ne C. smene D.anyne
2) Are yu ging t make _____ fr the fd festival?
A.anything special B. special anything
C. smething special D. special smething
3) Dn’t tell _____. It’s a secret between yu and me.
A. smene else B. smene C.anyne else D. anyne
4) I want _____ t read, _____ will d.
A.smething, anything B. anything, anything
C. smething, smething D. anything, smething
18. appear v.出现，露面
用appear的适当形式填空
1) The thief ran away and _____ in the darkness.disappeared
19. arrive v.到达，抵达某地
【辨析】arrive, get 和reach：三者均可表示“到达”，区别如下：arrive 和 get均不可直接接宾语，但可接 here, there, hme 之类的表地点的副词作状语。reach可直接跟地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)。
1) Has the train frm Tibet _____? I am lking frward t meeting my ld friends.
A.arrived B. reached C. gt t D. arrived in
2) What’s the departure and _____ time f the next train? (arrive)arrival
20. as cnj.按照，如同；因为，由于
1)作为一名好老师，他很关心自己的学生。_________________________________________________________
As a gd teacher, he cares abut his students very much.
2) 我没有去看那部电影，因为我认为它不够吸引人。
_________________________________________________________
I didn’t watch the film, as I thught it wasn’t attractive.
3) 虽然雨下得很大，但我还是像平常一样去上学。
_________________________________________________________
It is raining heavily but I g t schl as usual.
4) Jean wrks hard but she desn’t wrk _____ Mary.
A. as harder than B. as hard than C. as harder asD.as hard as
5) Ten years ag the ppulatin f ur village was _____ that f theirs.
A. as twice large asB.twice as large as
C. twice as much as D. as twice much as
21. asleep, sleeping, sleepy
1) As sn as he went t bed, he fell _____.asleep
2) It’s necessary fr yu t take a _____ bag when yu want t g fr a picnic.sleeping
3) I felt s _____ that I culdn’t make my eyes pen any mre.sleepy
22. at prep.在
口头说出下列的短语
at all (用于否定句)一点也不 at least 至少，起码
at midnight 在半夜 at night 在晚上，在夜里
at schl 在学校 at sea 在大海上
at the age f 在……岁时 at the beginning f 开始；……起初
at the end f 在……结尾，到……尽头 at the mment 此刻
at the same time 同时
23. attack v.攻击，袭击attract v.吸引
Three men attacked him and stle his mney. 三个人袭击了他，抢走了他的钱。
The film star attracts many fans. 这位电影明星吸引了大群的影迷。
1) The 2010 Wrld Exp _____ a large number f visitrs all ver the wrld.attracted
2) The film is s _____ that I can’t help seeing it again and again.attractive
3) The sldiers _____ quietly the Japanese and achieve the success f this battle.attacked
B
1. bad(wrse, wrst)adj.坏的，严重的
1) It lks like the weather is changing fr ____, shall we stick t ur plan?
A. the wrseB.wrse C. the wrst D. wrst
2) The air is plluted and ur health is getting ______ ______ and _____.
A. seriusly, bad, wrse B. serius, badly, wrse
C.seriusly, wrse, wrse D. serius, wrse, wrse
3) Rse caught a _____ cld and has been ____ ill fr days.
A. bad, badB.bad, badly C. badly, bad D. badly, badly
2. beat(beat, beaten)v.打败；敲打
Finally, the Tiger Team _____ the Bear Team.
A. hit B. wn C.beat D. defeated
3. beautiful adj.美丽的，漂亮的
We are all amazed at the _____ f nature. (beautiful)beauty
4. because cnj.因为
We didn’t g ut fr a walk because it was raining. (同义句转换)
We didn’t g ut fr a walk _____ _____ _____ _____ ______.because f the heavy rain
5. befre prep.在……之前
1) 在父亲回来之前我已经做完了作业。
___________________________________________________________
I had finished my hmewrk befre my father came back.
6. beside prep.在……旁边besides prep.除了
Our schl is beside the river. 我们学校在江边。
Cme and sit beside me. 过来，坐在我身边。
1) We g t schl every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A.except B. beside C. except fr D. besides
2) The mvie was gd _____ the ending.
A. beside B. except C.except fr D. besides
3) I visited the temple at the tp f the hill. There were three mre visitrs _____ me.
A. beside B. except fr C. except D.besides
7. best adj.最好的
【短语】d ne’s best 尽力：Yu must d yur best. 你必须全力以赴。
best-seller n.畅销货(书)：The best-seller at the bkshp is Harley English. 书店里的畅销书是哈利英语。
1) All f us are prud f the great changes in Shanghai. We’re sure Shanghai will be even _____ tmrrw.
A. gd B.better C. best D. the best
2) In recent years travel cmpanies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the farther we g, _____.
A. ur hliday will be better B. ur hliday will be the better
C.the better ur hliday will be D. the better will ur hliday be
8. blind adj.瞎的，盲的
1) The _____ shuld be respected in ur sciety. blind
9. bth adj.两者
1) There are a lt f tall buildings n _____ sides f Huangpu River.
A. Either B.bth C. neither D. every
2) _____ Jack _____ Mary have seen the mvie, s they dn’t want t see it any mre.
A. Neither, nr B. Either, r C. Nt nly, but als D.Bth, and
10. bring(brught, brught)v.带来，拿来 (辨析bring，take，fetch)
1) It’s raining heavily utside. Remember t _____ the raincat t him when yu g there.
A. bring B.take C. carry D. fetch
2) I frgt t take my exercise bk and had t g and _____ it.
A. carry B. fetch C. take D. bring
3) ---I’m srry I left my exercise bk at hme.
---Dn’t _____ it t schl tmrrw, please.
A. frget t take B. left t bring C.frget t bring D. left t take
11. busy adj.忙的，繁忙的
【短语】be busy ding 忙着做……：
1) 她整天都忙于学习但一点效果也没有。_________________________________________
She is busy studying all day lng but it is nt useful fr her.
2) She is busy _______ (d) ______ (busy) with freigner, fr she wants t be a ______ (busy).ding, business, businesswman
12. but cnj.而是；但是：
【短语】nt nly…but als… 不仅……而且……：He can speak nt nly English but als French. 他不但会讲英语还会讲法语。
Nt nly my parents but als I _____ interested in the Talent Shw, s we almst watch the prgram every week.
A. are B. isC.am D. be
13. buy(bught, bught)v.买：He bught a birthday gift fr his mther.他为妈妈买了份生日礼物。
【语法大练兵】
初中英语分类练习
——名词部分
一. 写出下列名词的复数形式：
1. exercise ___________ 2. brush __________ 3. bx ___________
4. baby __________ 5. class __________ 6. German __________
7. tmat _________ 8. Chinese __________ 9. American __________
10. life ___________ 11. tth __________ 12. knife __________
13. sheep _________ 14. half _________ 15. child __________
二. 选择填空：
1. Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ________.
A. tw range B. tw bttle f ranges
C. tw bttles f range D. tw bttles f ranges
2. They dn’t have t d _______ tday.
A. much hmewrk B. many hmewrks
C. many hmewrk D. much hmewrks
3. June 1 is _______.
A. children’s day B. children’s Day C. Children’s Day D. Children’s day
4. ______ rm is next t their parents’.
A. Kate’s and Jan’s B. Kate’s and Jan C. Kate and Jan’s D. Kate and Jan
5. Miss Green is a friend f _______.
A. Mary’s mther’s B. Mary’s mther C. Mary mther’s D. mther’s f Mary
6. Tm is ______. He will cme t see me.
A. my a friend B. a friend C. mine friend D. a friend f mine
7. He bught _______.
A. tw pairs f shes B. tw pair f shes C. tw pairs f she D. tw pair f she
8. Beijing is ne f the biggest _______ in the wrld.
A. citys B. city C. cityes D. cities
9. Every mrning Mr. Smith takes a _______ t his ffice.
A. 20 minutes’ walks B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
10. Here are ______ fr yu, Sue.
A. Ptats B. sme ptates C. three tmats D. sme tmat
11. I met sme ______ in the park and talked with them the ther day.
A. Janpaneses B. American C. Chineses D. English
12. They tk a lt f _______ in the children’s park.
A. pht B. phtes C. phts D. the pht
13. There are mre ______ in this hspital than in that ne.
A. wman dctrs B. wmen dctr C. wmen’s dctr D. wmen dctrs
14. Tw ___ and five _______ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.
A. German, English B. Germans, Englishes
C. Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishmen
15. Dn’t hurry! We still have _______ time left.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
16. These muntains will be cvered with tree in ______ .
A. a few year’s time B. a few years’ time
C. a few year’s times D. a few years’ times
17. This is an interesting _______.
A. news B. infrmatin C. wrk D. jb
18. It’s _______ walk frm my hme t ur schl.
A. tw minutes’ B. tw minute’s C. tw minutes D. tw-minutes’
19. --- Where is Tm? --- He’s left a ______ saying that he has smething imprtant t d.
A. Excuse B. message C. exercise D. news
20. We went t Dr. Brwn's yesterday. He gave us_____.
A. sme advice B. advices C. an advice D. sme advices
21. What _____! Let's g swimming.
A. a fine weather B. fine day C. a fine day D. bad weather
22. Yu have made ______. Yu shuld be mre careful.
A. a lt f mistake B. a great deal f mistakes
C. a large number f mistakes D. few mistakes
23. One f his fingers was wunded. What abut _____.
A. the ther B. anther C. thers D. the thers
24. There’s an English bk in _____ f his hands, and he als has a dictinary in his _____ hand.
A. ne, ther B. ne, anther C. ne, the ther D. anther, secnd
初中英语分类练习
——数词部分
Chse the best answer
1. A _______ by can sing the English sng very well.
A. ten-year ld B. ten years ld C. ten-year-ld D. fifth years ld
2. The street is ________ wide.
A. tw meters B. tw-meter C. tw meters’ D. a tw meter
3. Which number is wrng? _______.
A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth
4. The ld prfessr still wrks hard thugh he is _________.
A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty
5. Our schl is nt very big. There are nly ________ students.
A. nine hundreds f B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred f
6. ----Hw many new wrds are there in ________ lessn?
----There are nly _________.
A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five
7. ________, Cca-Cla began t enter China’s market.
A. In 1970’s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s’ D. In the 1970s
8. There was n bus in that small twn. We had a ________.
A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten mile’s walk D. tenth mile walk
9. It tk me ________ t get there.
A. tw hurs and a half B. tw hurs and half
C. tw hur and a half D. tw hur and half
10. There are ________ stars in the sky.
A. millin f B. millins f C. the millin D. a millin f
初中英语分类练习
——冠词部分
Chse the best answer
1. _______ live in Rm 208.
A. The Green B. Green C. The Greens D. Greens
2. She can play _______ pian, but she can’t play _______ ftball.
A. the, the B. the, / C. /, the D. a, a
3. There is _______ “s” in the wrd “six” and _______ “s” is the first letter f the wrd.
A. a, the B. a, an C. an, the D. a, a
4. My uncle tld me he was ging t visit _______.
A. the United State B. The United States C. United States D. United State
5. _______ fine weather we have tday! Let’s g swimming.
A. What a B. Hw C. What D. Hw a
6. I saw _______ ld man walking acrss the street and _______ ld man lked wrried.
A. an, an B. the, the C. an, the D. the, an
7. _______ time we had at the party!
A. What wnderful B. What a wnderful
C. Hw wnderful D. Hw a wnderful
8. Little Tm lked at the big shark _______.
A. in the surprise B. in surprised C. in surprise D. at a surprise
9. Take the medicine three times _______ day.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
10. Lucy takes _______ walk after supper every day.
A. The B. a C. / D. an
11. There is _______ 800-metre-lng bridge ver the river.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
12. The ld man was ill in _______ hspital.
A. the B. / C. a D. an
Reading Cmprehensin
Passage 1
Different things usually stand fr different feelings. Red, fr example, is the clr f fire, heat, bld and life. Peple say red is an exciting and active clr. They assciate（使发生联系） red with a strng feeling like a1. Red is used fr signs f d__2__, such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm clr f leaves in autumn. Peple say range is a lively clr. They assciate range with happiness. Yellw is the clr f sunlight. Peple say it is a cheerful clr. They assciate yellw t, with happiness. Green is the cl clr f grass in s__3__. Peple say it is a refreshing clr. In general, peple talk a__4__tw grups f clrs: warm clrs and cl clrs. The warm clrs are red, range and yellw. Where there are warm clr and a lt f light, peple usually want t be active. Thse wh like t be with __5 _like red. The cl clrs are black and blue. Where are these clrs, peple are usually wrried. Sme scientists say that time seems t g by mre slwly in a rm with warm clrs. They s__6 _that a warm clr is a gd way fr a living rm r a restaurant. Peple wh are having a rest r are eating d nt want time t pass quickly. Cl clrs are better fr sme ffices if the peple w__7 _there want time t pass quickly.
1. anger 2. Danger 3. Spring 4. Abut 5. Others 6. Suggest 7. Wrking
Passage 2
Why d I want t g t cllege? N ne has ever asked me __1 _a questin. But many times I have asked myself. I have cme up with a whle variety f reasns. The mst imprtant reasn is that I want t be a better man.
Many things make human beings different __2__ r better than r even superir t animals.
One f the mst imprtant things is __3__. If I fail t receive higher educatin, my educatin __4__. As I want t be a fully develped man, I must get a well-runded educatin, which gd clleges and universities are suppsed t __5__. I knw ne can get educated in many ways, but clleges and universities are __6__ the best places t teach me hw t educate myself. Only when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and __7__fit int sciety.
1. A. quite B. s C.such D. anther
2. A. t B. arund C. between D.frm
B. weather C. temperature D. science
4. A. finished B. dn’t finish C.will nt finish D. has finished
5. A. imprve B. graduate C. hear D.prvide
6. A. between B.amng C. inside D. utside
7. A. can gd B. may better C.be able t better D. be able t best
Passage 3
Think f life as a game in which yu are playing with five balls in the air. Yu name them wrk, family, health, friends and spirit (精神) and yu keep all f them in the air. Yu will sn understand that wrk is a rubber ball. If yu drp it, it will bunce (弹跳) back.
But the ther fur balls, family, health, friends and spirit, are made f glass. If yu drp ne f these, they will be brken. They will never be the same. Yu must understand that and try t have balance in yur life. Hw?
Dn’t lk dwn n yur wrth by cmparing yurself with thers. It is because we are different and each f us is special.
Dn’t let ther peple set gals fr yu. Only yu knw what is best fr yurself.
Dn’t give up when yu still have smething t give.Nthing is really ver until the mment yu stp trying.
Dn’t be afraid f difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn hw t be brave.
Dn’t shut lve ut f yur life by saying it’s impssible. The quickest way t receive lve is t give it; the fastest way t lse lve is t hld it t tightly; the best way t keep lve is t give it wings.
Dn’t run thrugh life s fast that yu frget nt nly where yu’ve been, but als where yu are ging.
Dn’t be afraid t learn. Knwledge is a treasure (珍宝) yu can always carry easily.
Dn’t use time r wrds carelessly. Yu can’t get them back. Yesterday is histry, tmrrw is a mystery (秘密), and tday is a gift; that’s why we call it “the present”. Life is nt a cmpetitin, but a trip, step by step.
1. The balls f friends, family, health, and spirit are made f __________.
A. glass B. silk C. cttn D. rubber
2. The passage tells us nt t _________ because everyne is special.
A. be afraid f difficulties
B. be afraid t learn
C. run thrugh life s fast
D. cmpare yurself with thers t lk dwn n yur wrth
3. The sentence “Nthing is really ver until the mment yu stp trying.” means that __________.
A. Nthing is pssible
B. If we dn’t give up, there is always hpe
C. Yu shuld learn t give up
D. Althugh yu try, nthing will change.
4. Why we can’t use time carelessly? ___________
A. Because time is t expensive. B. Because time never returns.
C. Because we are t pr. D. Because times will get back.
5. If yu run thrugh life s fast, yu will ____________.
A. lse yur wn treasure that yu can always carry easily
B. lse lve by hlding it t tightly
C. frget nt nly where yu’ve been, but als where yu are ging.
D. nt afraid f the difficulties
6. The best way t keep lve is t ___________.
A. say it’s impssible B. give it
C. give it wings D. hld it tightly
7. Accrding t the passage, which is the best title? ___________
A. Nthing is impssible. B. Glass balls are easy t be brken.
C. Things yu can’t d. D. Treat yur life in a right way.
1. A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.D