重庆市2022届高三上学期第一次学业质量调研抽测（一诊）英语试题含解析

这是一份重庆市2022届高三上学期第一次学业质量调研抽测（一诊）英语试题含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高2022届学业质量调研抽测（第一次）
英语试卷
（试卷共10页，考试时间为120分钟，满分为150分。）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分。）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much is the car model-100 now?
A. 25 yuan. B. 50 yuan. C. 100 yuan.
2. Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A. In an airport. B. On a train. C. At a station.
3. What is Tom going to do first?
A. To introduce himself. B. To begin the duty report. C. To go to the front.
4. What does the man mean?
A. He accepted the woman’s request.
B. The woman’s paper is well written.
C. The paper should be handed in on time.
5. Why was the woman disconnected?
A. The tickets were sold out.
B. Everyone was busy with the show.
C. There was something wrong with the line.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题.
6. What does the boy think of politics?
A. Boring. B. Difficult. C. Interesting.
7. What does the girl advise the boy to do?
A. Take notes carefully in class.
B. Read the textbook thoroughly.
C. Study the summaries of the lectures.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How does the girl kill the free time?
A. By reading magazines. B. By having some drinks. C. By chatting with customers.
9. What is the girl unhappy about her job?
A. The pay. B. The working time. C. The work place.
10. What benefit can the girl get?
A. Get discounts at other shops.
B. Leave early in the afternoon.
C. Take the local trains for free.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Parent and kid.
B. Customer and travel agent.
C. Manager and secretary.
12. Why doesn’t the woman take the direct flight?
A. She wants to visit Chicago.
B. It’s much more expensive.
C. The departure time is too early.
13. When does the woman’s flight leave?
A. On Saturday afternoon. B. On Sunday morning. C. On Sunday evening.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The cost of living. B. Having another child. C. Family relatives.
15. What do we know about the man?
A. He has only one child. B. He has many relatives. C. He dislikes the others.
16. What is the woman’s family like?
A. Big. B. Small. C. Poor.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind of problem is mentioned in the passage?
A. Air pollution. B. Light pollution. C. Water pollution.
18 How many birds die from the pollution each year in Toronto?
A. 240. B. 2,400. C. 24,000.
19 Why are the baby sea turtles often killed?
A. They move too slowly.
B. They crawl toward the cars on the road.
C. They are confused by the lights and get killed by passing cars.
20. What do people in the city suffer greatly from?
A. Sleeplessness. B. The high pace. C. Too much noise.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are many travel apps out there, but these four apps can better help every traveler to sort through thousands of reviews. Try them out on your next adventure:
Gogobot
Gogobot recently launched a complete redesign, making the app more visual and easy to use for trip planning and organization. Recommendations include lodging, dining and entertainment.
Gogobot groups travelers by “Tribes” in order to recommend restaurants and activities. The idea behind Tribes is to provide information based on what people with similar travel styles have enjoyed. If you often travel with your family, Gogobot will recommend kid-friendly experiences.
Locish
When going through millions of online reviews, Locish makes looking for a needle in the haystack simple like a walk in the park. When you first sign on, the app asks you a few questions about your preferences. The app also lets you ask a question of other users nearby: If you’re traveling in England, you can ask, “Where’s a great bar with classic beers?” and locals can offer suggestions in real time.
Condé Nast Traveler’s Gold List
Condé Nast Traveler has a new travel app collecting all of the hotels, resorts, cruises and restaurants recommended in issues of the magazine, organizing them based on destination. In addition to providing a guide to all of the posh properties（豪宅），Gold List includes recommendations from VITs, or Very Important Travelers.
JetPac City Guides
JetPac City Guides is an app built on top of Instagram, analyzing millions of photos to reveal more about the locations where they are taken. The app was first launched in December of last year, with version two — which includes improved search - released last month.
1. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To present reviews. B. To introduce the apps.
C. To make travel popular. D. To show the ways of trip planning.
2. If you want to enjoy a special kind of wine during your trip, which app would you choose?
A. Locish B. Gogobot
C. JetPac City Guides D. Conde Nast Traveler’s Gold List
3. Which is the special characteristic of Condé Nast Traveler’s Gold List?
A. Recommending activities for children.
B. Getting suggestions from other users nearby.
C. Giving a guide to all of the high-class hotels.
D Providing detailed information by using pictures.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个旅游app。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“There are many travel apps out there, but these four apps can better help every traveler to sort through thousands of reviews. Try them out on your next adventure:”（那里有很多旅游应用程序，但这四个应用程序可以更好地帮助每个旅行者整理成千上万的评论。在您的下一次冒险中尝试一下：）可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐四个旅游app。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由第二个小标题中的内容“If you’re traveling in England, you can ask, “Where’s a great bar with classic beers?” and locals can offer suggestions in real time.”（如果您在英格兰旅行，您可以问：“哪里有一家很棒的酒吧供应经典啤酒？”当地人可以实时提供建议。）可知，在Locish上你可以找到酒吧喝酒。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由第三个小标题中的内容“Condé Nast Traveler has a new travel app collecting all of the hotels, resorts, cruises and restaurants recommended in issues of the magazine, organizing them based on destination.”（Condé Nast Traveler 有一个新的旅行应用程序，收集杂志上推荐的所有酒店、度假村、游轮和餐厅，并根据目的地进行组织。）可知，Condé Nast Traveler’s Gold List可以给你提供一份高档酒店的指南。故选C项。
B
The lines to enter South Gate’s South East High School and South East Middle School at 9 a.m. Monday were each about 200 students deep.
Kony Aguillon sat in the shade while her son, an eighth-grader, waited for his health check in. She had done everything right Sunday night, pre-checking the district’s Daily Pass website so that it would be smooth going the next morning. But on Monday, the system wouldn’t load. They arrived at school early, around 7:50 a.m., to check in, and an hour later, there they stood. “I imagined it was going to be crazy,” she added, but not as bad as it was.
Opening day at the nation’s second-largest school district unfolded with a mix of emotions: frustration over long waits, anxiety over health protocols and concern for how things would go for children who have been learning online for a year and a half. But for many, the sense of joy and relief at being together again eased the worries.
In the early morning at John Marshall High, lines of students waiting to enter extended two blocks. By 9 a.m., some students were still waiting, having missed part of the first class.
In anticipation of delays, Gary Garcia had already extended the first period of classes by about 18 minutes in hopes that all students could meet their teachers.
Teachers and parents also expressed optimism.
“It’s exciting,” said Nohemi Sanchez-Heredia, who teaches first grade. Henriette Jeter was at the school with her daughters, who are starting kindergarten, second and fifth grades. Even though the Delta variant (德尔塔变异株) worries her, she felt her kids needed to be back in a classroom.
The most common emotions were in the largest type: “nervous” and “excited” mixed with somewhat “stressed”, “happy”, “tired” and “scared”.
4. Which of the following can generally best describe emotions outside the school gates?
A. Relaxed. B. Disordered. C. Scared. D. Excited.
5. What fact caused the check-in slow besides a bit too many students?
A. No preparation. B. Too many parents.
C. Poor loading system. D. Extension of the first period.
6. What’s the meaning of underlined word “protocols” in paragraph 3?
A. Benefits. B. Test reports. C. Problems. D. Physical strengths.
7. Who might be a schoolmaster?
A. Gary Garcia. B. Henriette Jeter.
C. Kony Aguillon. D. Nohemi Sanchez-Heredia.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了周一上午，南门市东南高中和东南中学的学生在因疫情造成的长假之后，开学时的情况以及人们复杂的情绪。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Opening day at the nation’s second-largest school district unfolded with a mix of emotions: frustration over long waits, anxiety over health protocols and concern for how things would go for children who have been learning online for a year and a half. (这个全国第二大学区的开学日充满了复杂的情绪：对长时间等待的沮丧，对健康protocols的焦虑，以及对已经在网上学习了一年半的孩子们将如何发展的担忧。)”以及最后一段“The most common emotions were in the largest type: ‘nervous’ and ‘excited’ mixed with somewhat ‘stressed’, ‘happy’, ‘tired’ and ‘scared’.(最常见的情绪交织成最庞大的特征：‘紧张’和‘兴奋’，混合着一些‘焦虑不安’、‘快乐’、‘疲惫’和‘害怕’。)”可以推知，学校门外的情绪是杂乱的。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But on Monday, the system wouldn’t load. They arrived at school early, around 7:50 a.m., to check in, and an hour later, there they stood. (但是到了周一，系统就不能加载了。他们很早就到了学校，大概早上7:50左右，去登记，一个小时后，他们还站在那里。)”可知，加载系统不良导致签到速度变慢。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。第二段中“Kony Aguillon sat in the shade while her son, an eighth-grader, waited for his health check in. (Kony Aguillon坐在阴凉处，她的儿子是一名八年级学生，正在等待体检。)”说明孩子们入学前要进行身体检测，从而推知划线词句“Opening day at the nation’s second-largest school district unfolded with a mix of emotions: frustration over long waits, anxiety over health protocols and concern for how things would go for children who have been learning online for a year and a half. (这个全国第二大学区的开学日充满了复杂的情绪：对长时间等待的沮丧，对健康protocols的焦虑，以及对已经在网上学习了一年半的孩子们将如何发展的担忧。)”其中划线词汇应为“体检检测报告”的意思，选项B“检测报告”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In anticipation of delays, Gary Garcia had already extended the first period of classes by about 18 minutes in hopes that all students could meet their teachers. (考虑到可能会延迟，Gary Garcia已经将第一节课延长了18分钟，希望所有学生都能见到他们的老师。)”可以推知，Gary Garcia可能是校长。故选A项。
C
Finding a mask which offers you a high protection level to filtering（过滤）out any particles（颗粒）for a long time is important. However, after a few hours of wearing, the mask becomes contaminated（污染）by the particles and you can replace it with a new one. See, you can’t miss to have a mask offering active protection in addition to passive filtration.
The first rule of a mask offering you any kind of protection is that it needs to fit well. The mask also needs to be comfortable and allow you to breathe easily for you to be able to keep it on for as many hours as needed.
During long hours of wearing, food and dirt may remain on the inside of your mask. All the hours spent in a place with less-than-ideal conditions for proper human health are wonderful news for bacteria（细菌）to grow on food particles and muck（污物）left behind on the inside of your mask causing a bad smell. So you’d better have a kind that kills off the smell-causing bacteria leaving your mask smelling fresh without any bad smell.
You should look for cloth masks that have multiple layers of breathable fabric that is tightly woven, include a robust（结实的）nose wire for you to adjust the mask to the shapes of your face and prevent the air escaping from around your nose, do not have gaps around the nose or sides of the face and that block out the light if you hold the mask up to a bright light source. It comes with your choice of either head straps（线绳）or ear straps, both adjustable. It is good if the products also offer 4 sizes ranging from kids to adults to ensure everyone stays protected.
8. What is most important about a mask according to the first paragraph?
A. Offering passive filtration. B. Offering active protection.
C. Offering to work for long hours. D. Offering to filter out any particles.
9. Why should a mask have a robust nose wire?
A. To shape your face.
B. To block out the light.
C To offer 4 sizes ranging from kids to adults.
D. To adjust the shape to prevent the air escaping.
10. Which of the following can’t be adjusted?
A. The size. B. The ear strap. C. The nose wire. D. The head strap.
11. Whom is the passage intended for?
A. The kids. B. The doctors.
C. The citizens. D. The mask makers.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了挑选口罩的方式。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Finding a mask which offers you a high protection level to filtering（过滤）out any particles（颗粒）for a long time is important.”（寻找一种能够为您提供高防护等级以长时间过滤掉任何颗粒的口罩非常重要。）可知，口罩能提供有效的保护是很重要的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由尾段“You should look for cloth masks that have multiple layers of breathable fabric that is tightly woven, include a robust（结实的）nose wire for you to adjust the mask to the shapes of your face and prevent the air escaping from around your nose, do not have gaps around the nose or sides of the face and that block out the light if you hold the mask up to a bright light source.”（您应该寻找具有多层紧密编织的透气织物的布口罩，包括一根坚固的鼻线，以便您将面罩调整为适合您的脸型并防止空气从鼻子周围逸出，周围没有缝隙 如果您将面罩举到明亮的光源下，鼻子或脸部的侧面会挡住光线。）可知，口罩需要坚固的鼻绳来紧贴鼻子，防止气体流出。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由尾段“It is good if the products also offer 4 sizes ranging from kids to adults to ensure everyone stays protected.”（如果产品还提供从儿童到成人的 4 种尺寸，以确保每个人都受到保护，那就太好了。）可知，口罩的大小不能调整。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“Finding a mask which offers you a high protection level to filtering（过滤）out any particles（颗粒）for a long time is important. However, after a few hours of wearing, the mask becomes contaminated（污染）by the particles and you can replace it with a new one. See, you can’t miss to have a mask offering active protection in addition to passive filtration.”（寻找一种能够为您提供高防护等级以长时间过滤掉任何颗粒的口罩非常重要。 但是，佩戴几个小时后，口罩会被颗粒污染，您可以更换新口罩。 看，除了被动过滤外，您不能错过提供主动保护的面罩。）可知，本文主要介绍了挑选口罩对抗污染的方式，故其目标读者是所有市民。故选C项。
D
My kids sit in Gee’s living room and gently lift the Christmas ornaments（装饰品）out of a well-loved cardboard box. Gee stands beside them, quietly explaining each treasure. She tells them that she and Tom built their ornament collection piece by piece during each year’s after-Christmas sale.
We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage. Someone had been returning our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day, and Jim and I had wondered who. Then one day we spotted him: an elderly man who lived across the street.
I baked cookies and left them in a chair outside the garage with a thank-you note. When we got home from work that day, a typed letter had replaced the gift. The letter was from Tom and explained how he had come to walk the neighborhood on garbage day.
Then, his young wife, Gee, found herself living alone. Neighbors had to take the time to handle her garbage cans.
We photocopied that letter and attached it to one of our own for Gee. We told her how special Tom had been to us, how we grieved（悲伤）for her, how thankful we were to have known him.
When Gee invited us over to look through the Christmas ornaments, I realized how hard it is to part with that box, a piece of Tom. It’s the man who lets our kids pick peaches off the tree in his front yard. It’s the ladies who call Tom when their pool filter breaks.
These days, we’re piling up boxes of our own. We’re planning a move, but Jim and I agree to wait until January. This Christmas, we’ll decorate our tree with Gee’s ornaments, out of the box that is labeled in Tom’s handwriting. Thank you, Fil say, for teaching us what it means to be a neighbor.
12. How did the writer begin the passage?
A. By showing a fact. B. By giving an example.
C. By presenting a scene. D. By introducing the characters.
13. What kind of person was Tom according to the writer?
A. Grateful and ambitious. B. Successful and friendly.
C. Hardworking and hopeful. D. Kind and helpful.
14. What can we infer from the text?
A. Tom was gone.
B. Gee planned a move.
C. Jim would help Gee with her Christmas tree.
D. The writer and Jim built their ornament collection.
15. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. The Sadness of Losing a Beloved One B. The Help from a Garbage Man
C. The Kindness of the Young Couple D. The Gift of a Neighbor
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了Tom总是默默无闻地为作者家倒垃圾，这样的善举感动了作者。作者明白了什么才是真正的邻居。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“My kids sit in Gee’s living room and gently lift the Christmas ornaments out of a well-loved cardboard box. Gee stands beside them, quietly explaining each treasure. She tells them that she and Tom built their ornament collection piece by piece during each year’s after-Christmas sale.”（我的孩子们坐在Gee的客厅里，轻轻地把圣诞装饰品从一个广受喜爱的硬纸盒里拿出来。Gee站在他们旁边，静静地解释着每一件珍宝。她告诉他们，她和汤姆在每年的圣诞节后大减价期间一件一件地制作了他们的装饰品。）可推断，作者在第一段呈现孩子们拿出圣诞装饰品，然后Gee一件件解释这些收藏品的场景。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage. Someone had been returning our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day, and Jim and I had wondered who. Then one day we spotted him: an elderly man who lived across the street”（我们第一次见到Tom和Gee是在结婚初期。有人每个垃圾日都把我们的垃圾桶送回车库， Jim和我想知道是谁。后来有一天我们发现了他：一个住在街对面的老人。）可知Tom 是一个乐于帮助别人的人。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“Then, his young wife, Gee, found herself living alone.”（然后，他年轻的妻子吉发现自己一个人住。）以及地五段“We told her how special Tom had been to us, how we grieved for her, how thankful we were to have known him.”（我们告诉她 Tom对我们有多么特别，我们多么为她难过，多么感激我们认识了他。）可推断，Tom已经离世，特别是“how special Tom had been to us”中用的过去完成时，更能确定Tom的离开。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“These days, we’re piling up boxes of our own. We’re planning a move, but Jim and I agree to wait until January. This Christmas, we’ll decorate our tree with Gee’s ornaments, out of the box that is labeled in Tom’s handwriting. Thank you, Fil say, for teaching us what it means to be a neighbor.”（这些天来，我们在堆积自己的箱子。我们正计划搬家，但吉姆和我同意等到一月份。今年圣诞节，我们将用Gee的装饰品装饰我们的圣诞树，用盒子包装上有一个Tom手写的标签。菲尔说，谢谢你教会我们做邻居的意义。）可知，作者用Gee的装饰品装饰他们的圣诞树，而且感谢Tom教会了他怎么做邻居。再结合选项，D选项更切题，gift 不只是指Gee留下的装饰品，更是指Tom教会了他怎么做邻居。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项（选项中有两项为多余选项）
HOW TO FIGHT BURNOUT
You can avoid burnout by focusing on personal characteristics associated with more resilience（恢复力）. Research published in the journal Current Psychology finds something useful. ____16____
Focus on solving problems. Rather than avoiding problems, find ways to address them. If you’re having a conflict with a coworker, sit down with them and talk through the issues. If you’re over your head with a project at work, let your boss know and ask for help. ____17____
Believe in your own abilities. Of course, you’re not perfect, but having confidence in your capabilities will go a long way toward your success. Burnout is characterized by shame or questioning your effectiveness. ____18____ Make a list of your skills and talents. Focus on what you want to learn and where you want to go from here—identify the class you want to take or the person you want to get to know and learn from.
Invest in social relationships. Being a high-achiever doesn’t mean you have to push away others. ____19____ Plus, having time away with people you care about can actually provide inspiration when you do work.
____20____ You can prevent burnout from occurring again by knowing how to look out for it. There are usually some indicators that you are about to experience burnout. When you spot these signs, take a look at your life and make some positive additions.
A. Know the warning signs.
B. Make leisure time meaningful.
C. Remind yourself of all you’ve accomplished.
D. The following are key ways to address burnout.
E. Listen to others for experience, especially negative self-talk.
F. Social support can be a great way to help you fight against work stress.
G. Overall, seek to take action rather than sidestepping or avoiding issues.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对抗倦怠的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“You can avoid burnout by focusing on personal characteristics associated with more resilience（恢复力）.Research published in the journal Current Psychology finds something useful.”（您可以通过关注与恢复力相关的个人特征来避免倦怠。发表在《当代心理学》杂志上的研究发现了一些有用的东西。）说明一些研究对于对抗倦怠有用，下文第二、第三、第四段开头“Focus on solving problems.”（专注于解决问题。）“Believe in your own abilities.”（相信自己的能力。）“Invest in social relationships.”（投资于社会关系。），在讲具体的措施，空处句子起承上启下的作用，与选项D. The following are key ways to address burnout.（以下是解决倦怠的关键方法。）相一致。故选D。
【17题详解】
上文“Focus on solving problems. Rather than avoiding problems, find ways to address them.”（专注于解决问题。 与其回避问题，不如寻找解决问题的方法。）说明不要逃避问题，而是要面对、解决问题，与选项G. Overall, seek to take action rather than sidestepping or avoiding issues.（总体而言，寻求采取行动，而不是回避或回避问题。）相一致。故选G。
【18题详解】
下文“Make a list of your skills and talents.”（列出你的技能和才能。）说明要记得自己的优点和强项，与选项C. Remind yourself of all you’ve accomplished.（提醒自己你已经完成的一切。）相一致。故选C。
【19题详解】
上文“Invest in social relationships.”（投资于社会关系。）说明要在人际关系上投资，要善于倾听，与别人建立良好的人际关系，与选项E. Listen to others for experience, especially negative self-talk.（倾听他人的经验，尤其是消极的自言自语。）相一致。故选E。
【20题详解】
下文“There are usually some indicators that you are about to experience burnout. When you spot these signs, take a look at your life and make some positive additions.”（通常有一些指标表明您将经历倦怠。当你发现这些迹象时，看看你的生活并做出一些积极的补充。）说明要善于提前辨别倦怠的相关迹象，与选项A. Know the warning signs.（了解警告标志。）相一致。故选A。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Gurnah, growing up in Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature on Thursday.
He is the first Black writer ____21____ the prize since Toni Morrison in 1993, and some observers saw his ____22____ as a long delayed corrective (矫正) after years of European and American Nobel laureates (获得者). In his 10 novels, Gurnah has often explored the ____23____ of exile (流放)，identity and belonging. They ____24____ “Memory of Departure” “Pilgrims Way” and “Dottie,” which all deal with the immigrant (移民) experience in Britain.
Gurnah’s first language is Swahili, but he ____25____ English as his literary language. He drew on the imagery and stories from the Quran, ____26____ from Arabic and Persian poetry, particularly “The Arabian Nights.” The news of Gumah’s Nobel ____27____ by fellow novelists and academics who have long argued that his ____28____ deserve a wider audience.
Gurnah was born in Zanzibar, which is now ____29____ of Tanzania, in 1948. Then, in 1964, he fled to England. ____30____ , poor, homesick, he began to write scraps (片段) in his diary, then ____31____ entries, then stories about other people. In his 20s, he started ____32____ fiction. Then he finished his first novel, “Memory of Departure,” about a young man who flees a failed uprising, at the same time he was writing his Ph. D. dissertation (论文). ____33____, he became a professor of English.
Though Gurnah hasn’t lived in Tanzania since he was a ____34____ , his homeland always inspires him of his imagination. ____35____, he said “my homeland always asserts myself in my imagination, even when I deliberately try to set my stories elsewhere”.
21. A. to receive B. to confirm C. to search D. to appreciate
22. A. section B. selection C. collection D. consultation
23. A. themes B. opinions C. passages D. suggestions
24. A. explode B. conclude C. provide D. include
25. A. advised B. adapted C. adopted D. affected
26. A. as much as B. as long as C. as often as D. as well as
27. A. was awarded B. was discussed C. was celebrated D. was suspected
28. A. jobs B. works C. labors D. careers
29. A. part B. name C. home D. country
30. A. Admirable B. Respectable C. Fashionable D. Miserable
31. A. higher B. longer C. stronger D. heavier
32. A. reading B. hearing C. writing D. watching
33. A. Afterwards B. Forwards C. Backwards D. Frontwards
34. A. writer B. teenager C. scholar D. professor
35. A. As a result B. At the same time C. On the other hand D. In his own word
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2021年度诺贝尔文学奖获得者，坦桑尼亚作家古尔纳(Gurnah)的生平及作品。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳是自1993年托妮·莫里森(Toni Morrison)以来首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人作家，一些观察人士认为，多年来诺贝尔奖的获得者都是欧洲人和美国人，古尔纳的入选是一种拖延已久的（对此现象的）纠正。A. to receive得到，收到；B. to confirm确认；C. to search搜查；D. to appreciate欣赏。根据第一段“Gurnah, growing up in Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature on Thursday.”可知，古尔纳被授予诺贝尔文学奖，所以他“收到”奖了。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳是自1993年托妮·莫里森以来首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人作家，一些观察人士认为，多年来诺贝尔奖的获得者都是欧洲人和美国人，古尔纳的入选是一种拖延已久的（对此现象的）纠正。A. section部分，部门；B. selection选择；C. collection收藏品；D. consultation咨询。根据句意可知，诺贝尔文学奖的甄选委员“选择”古尔纳为诺贝尔文学奖的获得者。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他的10部小说中，古尔纳经常探讨流亡、身份和归属感的主题。A. themes主题；B. opinions意见；C. passages段落；D. suggestions建议。根据下文“They 4 “Memory of Departure” “Pilgrims Way” and “Dottie,” which all deal with the immigrant (移民) experience in Britain.”可知，古尔纳的作品，包括《离开的记忆》，《朝圣者之路》和《多蒂》，都是围绕移在英国的移民经历而展开，即以流亡、身份和归属感为“主题”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们包括《离开的记忆》，《朝圣者之路》和《多蒂》，这些作品都是围绕移在英国的移民经历而展开。A. explode爆炸；B. conclude总结；C. provide提供；D. include包括。根据前文“In his 10 novels, Gurnah has often explored the 3 of exile (流放)，identity and belonging.”可知，古尔纳有10个作品，其中“包括”这三个。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳的第一语言是斯瓦希里语，但他采用英语作为他的文学语言。A. advised建议；B. adapted适应；C. adopted采用；D. affected影响。根据第四段第一句“Gurnah was born in Zanzibar, which is now 9 of Tanzania, in 1948.”可知，桑给巴尔当年是英国殖民地，可以推知，古尔纳少年时在国内接受的就是英语教育。且根据下文“ 13 , he became a professor of English.”可知，古尔纳是英语教授，他能“采用”英语搞创作。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他借鉴了《古兰经》中的意象和故事，以及阿拉伯和波斯诗歌（的意向和故事），尤其是《一千零一夜》。A. as much as多达；B. as long as只要，和……一样长；C. as often as尽可能经常；D. as well as而且，和。根据语境可知，他的作品中有《古兰经》“和”阿拉伯和波斯诗歌的元素。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳获得诺贝尔奖的消息受到了小说家同行和学者们的庆祝，他们一直认为他的作品应该有更广泛的读者。A. was awarded颁发；B. was discussed讨论；C. was celebrated庆祝；D. was suspected怀疑。根据语境，小说家同行和学者们一直认为古尔纳的小说就是好，值得推广，所以古尔纳获得诺贝尔奖，应该“庆贺”一下。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳获得诺贝尔奖的消息受到了小说家同行和学者们的庆祝，他们一直认为他的作品应该有更广泛的读者。A. jobs工作；B. works作品，工厂；C. labors任务，工作；D. careers 职业，事业。根据语境可知，读者阅读的是“works”，意为“作品”。故填B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：古尔纳1948年出生在桑给巴尔，现在是坦桑尼亚的一部分。A. part部分；B. name名称；C. home家；D. country国家。可知，短语“part of …”，意为“……的一部分”。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：悲惨的，可怜的，想家，他开始在日记里写只言片语，然后写长一点的短记录，然后写他人的故事。A. Admirable令人钦佩的；B. Respectable可敬的；C. Fashionable时髦的；D. Miserable悲惨的。根据并列词汇“poor”和“homesick”，设空处应该也是表消极性、负面的词汇。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：悲惨的，可怜的，想家，他开始在日记里写只言片语，然后写长一点的短记录，然后写他人的故事。A. higher更高的； B. longer更长的；C. stronger更强的；D. heavier 更重的。根据语境可知，古尔纳的写作是一步步培养的，先零碎片段，接着“长一点”的简短记录，接着再长一点的真人真事。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：20多岁时，他开始写小说。A. reading阅读；B. hearing听力；C. writing写作；D. watching观察。根据上文“ 10 , poor, homesick, he began to write scraps（片段）in his diary, then 11 entries, then stories about other people.”可知，“write”为复现词。根据语境可知，古尔纳的写作是一步步培养的，先零碎片段，接着“长一点”的简短记录，接着再长一点的真人真事，然后“写”虚构小说。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，他成了英语教授。A. Afterwards然后；B. Forwards向前；C. Backwards向后；D. Frontwards向前。根据语境，本段介绍了古尔纳的文学创作的发展过程，有明显的时间顺序。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管古尔纳从青少年起，就没有在坦桑尼亚生活过，但是他的祖国总是激发他的想象力。A. writer作家；B. teenager青少年；C. scholar学者；D. professor教授。根据第四段“Gurnah was born in Zanzibar, which is now 9 of Tanzania, in 1948. Then, in 1964, he fled to England.”可知，16岁时，古尔纳离开了坦桑尼亚，逃难到英国，就没回坦桑尼亚去生活过。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他说:“我的祖国总是在我的想象中维护我自己，即使我故意把我的故事放在别的地方。”。A. As a result结果；B. At the same time同时；C. On the other hand另一方面；D. In his own word用他自己的话。根据语境，这句话是古尔纳对上文“his homeland always inspires him of his imagination”的诠释，以说明他的小说中时时处处有着他的祖国的影子。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s economic and social construction, the development of education has reached a new level, but the regional education inequity ____36____ (attract) people’s attention ever since.
In my opinion, there are three reasons ____37____ this phenomenon. The first is the unfair investment. The investment in urban schools is much more than ____38____ in rural schools. The second is the inequality of educational resources. Some schools have advanced facilities, ____39____(provide) their students with a good learning environment. ____40____, some schools only have basic ones. Finally, inequality is also - reflected in the allocation(分配)of teachers. The teaching ____41____ (able) of teachers in developed areas is ____42____ (general) better, while most of the teachers in less developed areas are supporting teachers or substitute teachers.
So how to solve this problem? Firstly, ____43____(increase) investment in education to narrow regional differences. Secondly, the allocation of resources should be reformed, and the compulsory education should be allocated as ____44____ whole. Finally, experienced or highly ____45____ (educate) teachers are encouraged to teach in remote areas.
【答案】36. has attracted
37. for 38. that
39. providing
40. However
41 ability
42. generally
43. increase
44. a 45. educated
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲了我国教育不公平的原因和解决措施。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：近年来，随着我国经济和社会建设的快速发展，教育发展迈上了一个新的台阶，但区域教育不公平问题却引起了人们的广泛关注。ever since是现在完成时时态标志，but后句子的主语是inequality为单数。故填has attracted。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：在我看来，造成这种现象的原因有三个。固定搭配reason for sth：……的原因。故填for。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：对城市学校的投资远远超过对农村学校的投资。此句把城市学校投资与农村学校投资作对比，investment一词前文出现过，此处可用指示代词that指代同类不同物的事物，避免重复。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：一些学校拥有先进的设施，为学生提供良好的学习环境。句子主干是Some schools have advanced facilities已有谓语，provide用非谓语动词，且provide与some schools之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填providing。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：但是，有些学校只有基本的设施。上句说一些学校拥有先进的设施，本句说一些学校设施差，前后句存在转折关系。且有逗号和后文整个句子分开，用副词。故填However。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：发达地区教师的教学能力普遍较好，而欠发达地区的教师大多是辅助教师或代课教师。该空作句子主语，用名词，且ability表抽象意义，不可数。故填ability。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：发达地区教师的教学能力普遍较好，而欠发达地区的教师大多是辅助教师或代课教师。此处用副词修饰形容词better。故填generally。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：一是加大教育投入，缩小地区差异。这个句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故填increase。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：二是改革资源配置，统筹分配义务教育。固定搭配as a whole：全局地、总体上。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最后，鼓励有经验或受过高等教育的教师到偏远地区任教。该空修饰名词teachers，用形容词。故填educated。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 理想是指路明灯，理想的实现只靠干，不靠空谈。高三学生理应有自己初步的职业规划。请你写一篇主题为“理想取业”演讲稿，在英语课堂上分享. 内容主要包括：
1.选择的职业；
2.选择的理由；
3.如何能实现.
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When people ask me what kind of job I want to work on in the future, my answer is to be a teacher, which is my ideal job.
I like to pass knowledge to next generation and lead them to find their own places in the world. What’s more, I can live near my families, so I can go home often and enjoy the dinner with them. I don't want to work far away from my parents, because money can't make up the time we stay together.
When I become a teacher, I will have the long vacation, then I plan to travel around the world. The place I visit will bring me a lot of knowledge and open my vision. I will show what I learn to my students and let them know more about the world. I must fight for my ideal career.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇主题为“理想职业”的演讲稿，在英语课堂上分享。
【详解】1.词汇积累
而且：what’s more→moreover
想做：want to do→be willing to do
弥补：make up→compensate for
眼界：vision→horizon
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句：I like to pass knowledge to next generation and lead them to find their own places in the world.
拓展句：I like to pass knowledge to next generation so that I can lead them to find their own places in the world.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When people ask me what kind of job I want to work on in the future, my answer is to be a teacher, which is my ideal job.（运用了what引导宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I don't want to work far away from my parents, because money can't make up the time we stay together.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My father is a practical man. He can’t explain calculus(微积分)，but he can tell you how much pressure a boiler needs. He can’t draw an architect’s plan, but he can tell you if the pipes and wiring will sustain the structure. He put himself through night school to become an engineer, but that was only after he worked a slumber, an electrician, and a mechanic.
One day we walked by a toy store window. Sitting in the comer was the most unusual doll-house I’d ever seen. It was shaped liked an upturned log（原木）. Little oval windows decorated with nice curtains and framed by tiny balconies were cut into it.
“Oh, Daddy,” I said, “isn’t it beautiful? Do you think Santa Claus will bring it to me?”
Dad looked at the $100 price tag, silent — that’s a rather big figure in those days. “I think even Santa couldn’t afford this house,” he joked, lifting up his belt as he often does when he’s nervous. “Maybe one day, sweetheart.”
On Christmas morning, I awoke early and raced downstairs. In the dim light, I made out a lot of wrapped boxes under the tree — but none large enough to contain my dollhouse. Dad could see my disappointment He pulled me onto his lap and gently told me how, as a boy, he had wanted a red wagon, but his father couldn’t afford one. He said he made his own from wood and old wheels he found. “I’ll make one for you,” Dad assured me.
And right after Christmas, despite all the unfinished projects at home, he started it. I naively（幼稚地）thought it was an easy toy to make, but every step of the long process was considerably more complex than I had anticipated. Night after night, Dad would come home from his job dead tired, yet he’d always find time to work on the log house. In the dark yellow electric light, Dad was always busy creating my dollhouse.
要求：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I hesitated, wondering if I should help my father.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In all, it took us one month of hard work.
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【答案】 I hesitated, wondering if I should help my father. “Then we’ll make one together,” he told me. First, Dad cut leftover board into strips and nailed them in a circle on a wood base, showing me how to make the rough edges smooth. Then he sawed the base in half and attached hinges to one side so the “log” would swing open and shut. He gathered pieces of wallpaper, matching patterns as carefully. He painted the outside with shades of brown, and added a tiny path to the front door--made from real concrete.
In all, it took us one month of hard work. But the log house was the greatest gift a child could ask for. Long after I gave up playing with dolls, I would still sometimes bring it down from the upper floor just to admire it and remember those months I watched Dad bring my dream to life. Dad has spent his life creating, mending and improving the most valued parts of mine. He’s given me the greatest treasure a father can give.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，作者讲述了父亲亲自动手为自己制作玩具屋，给了作者一个父亲所能给予的东西。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“我犹豫了一下，想知道我是否应该帮助我的父亲。”可知，第一段可描写作者和父亲一起制作玩具屋的经过。
由第二段首句内容“总共，我们花了一个月，努力工作。”可知，第二段可描写作者非常珍惜玩具屋以及感受到的浓浓的父爱。
2.续写线索：一起制作玩具屋——父亲精心制作——珍爱玩具屋——感受父爱
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.把……系在……：attach…to…/tie…to
②.收集：gather/ collect sth. together
③.匹配：match/go with
情绪类
①.喜欢：admire
【点睛】[高分句型1]. First, Dad cut leftover board into strips and nailed them in a circle on a wood base, showing me how to make the rough edges smooth.（运用了现在分词作状语和“疑问词+不定式”作宾语）
[高分句型2]. But the log house was the greatest gift a child could ask for.（运用了省略了关系词的定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Long after I gave up playing with dolls, I would still sometimes bring it down from the upper floor just to admire it and remember those months I watched Dad bring my dream to life.（运用了after引导的状语从句，不定式作状语，省略了关系词的定语从句）