模块二　完形填空 2021届高考英语二轮总复习课件

这是一份模块二　完形填空 2021届高考英语二轮总复习课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，考情透析 谋对策，题型指导 寻技法，文体二　说明文，文体三　议论文，真题演练 明趋势等内容，欢迎下载使用。

模块二　
完形填空
英 语
2021
内容索引
考情透析 谋对策
题型指导 寻技法
真题演练 明趋势
考情透析 谋对策
●明晰体裁与题材特点,缩小刷题数量
●透析题型设置,采用高效答题技巧
●高考评价体系下的备考启示——实现满分小目标,方向方法都重要◆重视词汇学习。完形填空文章以及选项设计词汇量大,考查细腻。常考查词汇的拓展意义,多义词、熟词生义等都是学习的重点。◆强化专题训练。加强针对性的专题训练,提高篇章意识,培养逻辑思维能力。完形填空多是向善、励志的文本,更要求学生能身临其境,要有很强的画面感,选题时注意文章的立意。◆增加阅读量。大量接触地道的语言材料,体会异国文化,习惯英语的思维表达方式,培养语感。◆兼顾“说明文和议论文”。平时训练时可侧重记叙文、夹叙夹议文的练习,但议论文、说明文也要适当兼顾。只许高考不考,不许考生不备。
题型指导 寻技法
[命题方式]
文体一　记叙文和夹叙夹议文
1.注重情感态度,彰显励志性记叙文和夹叙夹议文完形填空素材的选择通常会注重语言材料的思想性、知识性和时代性,语言材料会突出对情感态度的表达和对文化意识的渗透,突出其“励志性”和“教育性”,反映正确的价值导向,彰显正能量。2.叙述形式不一,情感表达细腻记叙文完形填空多以人物思想和行为为中心,以时间或空间的变化为线索,按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述。用第一人称展开叙述,让考生身临其境,以参与者的角度进行揣摩,从字里行间感受作者的态度和情感,以及其动作和行为。
3.短文情节曲折,充满正能量夹叙夹议文或告诉读者一个道理,或引人思考,或给人乐趣。一般说来,文章记叙的内容积极时尚、情节曲折动人、富有知识性和趣味性;文章的议论部分是记叙的升华,兼具教育性和启发性。4.利用文体特点,考查语篇层次夹叙夹议类文章中,记叙和议论交错运用。有的是以议论引出记叙,有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。由于记叙和议论交错运用,大大充实了文章内容,增强了文章的层次感。命题人会以此来设题,检测考生能否抓住全文结构,理清文章层次,以此考查考生对语篇层次的准确把握。
[技巧点拨]
1.研读首句,抓住全文主旨记叙类的文章首句会交代4个“W”,即 when,where,who,what,首句往往是整篇文章的引领句,概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图。而且每段的首句通常具有承上启下的作用,是文章发展过程的重要线索。细读首句可以预测文章的主旨大意。记叙文中情节发展的走向始终体现文章的主题思想。对主旨大意的正确把握有助于考生对文章细节的正确理解,从而选出正确的答案。
【典例印证】My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said,“ Lost my job.Family to feed.”解题思路从第一句可知,作者和孩子们周末去超市购物。人物、时间、地点都有介绍,让读者知道事件发生的大致情况,起到了引领全文的作用。
2.前后联系,寻找关键信息记叙文以叙述为主,绝大部分篇幅在描述事件发生的时间、空间以及人物的发展和变化。因此,考生只能借助上下文乃至全文语境来揣摩作者对各个角色和事件的态度。
【典例印证】I turned around and saw a 　　　　　woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. A.careful B.serious C.nervous D.pleasant
解题思路
3.利用语境,注意复现词汇完形填空的命题特点之一就是词汇在具体语境中的利用。做题时,首先应准确把握词汇的意思。同时应利用好上下文重复出现的信息。这些信息有时是原词复现,有时是同义词复现、近义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及反义词用于否定句中等。
【典例印证】Aunt Dede,a teacher,had read the book to her students,and they loved it.　Even　 the youngest children in the class were 　45　 by the story. 45.A.surprised B.annoyed C.puzzled D.attracted
解题思路
4.通过常识,作出合理选择记叙类完形填空题所选的文章多具有一定的故事情节和教育意义,这些语篇非常贴近学生的生活,涉及日常生活常识。考生在解题时,可以根据常识作出选择。
【典例印证】Once fire and emergency people arrived,Larry and the other man backed off and let them go to work.Then,Larry asked the 　57　 if he was needed or 　free　 to go.They let him and the other man go. 57.A.woman B.police C.man D.driver
解题思路
5.体会情感,注意氛围和谐记叙类完形填空的文章往往具有一定的感情色彩。首先要理解作者说话的语气和文章的感情色彩,而这种语气和色彩多是贯穿全文的。做题时要融入故事中,把握人物的情感态度、人际关系以及文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表达的合理性等,读懂作者微妙的情感和态度,抓住像luckily,however,therefore,even,still等词语,要充分体会上下文语言的和谐性,理解文章的深层含义。
【典例印证】When we handed him the bag of food,he lit up and thanked us with 53 eyes. 53.A.sleepy B.watery C.curious D.sharp
解题思路
6.依托记叙内容,归纳议论观点在夹叙夹议文中,叙述和议论不可分割,记叙的目的是议论;议论的目的是说明作者的观点和态度,是对记叙部分的评价或分析,是故事的升华。做题时需要把文章中的记叙和议论结合起来,保持两者的一致。
【典例印证】It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.　19　 is the best teacher. 19.A.ExperienceB.IndependenceC.CuriosityD.Interest
解题思路
文体二　说明文
[命题方式]
1.利用文章结构,考查全文脉络说明文以“说明”为主要表达方式,用来说明情况、阐明事理。在说明文完形填空中,作者一般是首先提出要说明的对象,如某个事物、某种现象、某项科学研究,然后按照某种顺序进行介绍或说明,给人以正确的思想或科学的知识。
2.利用说明角度,考查上下文细节说明文所呈现的方式往往较为单一,多用现在时进行客观地说明,遣词用句简练平实。由于以上特点,这类文章的每一段往往就是其中的一个角度或侧面,命题人往往设置题目,考查考生对上下文内容的理解。3.利用说明过程,考查词汇运用作者说明事物会选择一个合适的顺序,有条不紊地对其加以说明。常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序和认知顺序等。命题人往往会根据说明的过程设置题目,考查考生对词汇的理解和辨析。
[技巧点拨]
1.理清文章结构只有理清了文章结构,了解了各部分之间的关系,才能掌握主旨大意,加深对文章的整体理解。换句话说,考生应对全文有一个清晰的概念,明白文章的各部分都是为了表达同一个主题,这样在略读时就更容易把握含空格的句子的真正含义,答题就会变得轻而易举。
【典例印证】Visitors to the dry,hot Sonoran Desert of the southern Arizona and northern Mexico are amazed at the many-armed giants.They are the saguaro cacti(树形仙人掌),a giant which gives the landscape its 　1　 (unique)appearance.In the dry desert the saguaro cacti can live for more than 200 years,grow to a 　2　 (height)of 60 feet,and have as many as 50 arms. More amazingly,the saguaro cacti still persist despite the unbearable desert climate.Those that have grown to old age have 　3　 (lived through)droughts,freezes,flash floods,and bush fires as well as the 　4　 (damage)caused by groups of rats that eat their seedlings(秧苗).Like all other desert plants,these leafless giants can store water for use during the desert’s long dry seasons by 　5　 (absorbing)water through their long roots. 
Naturally,the great saguaro cacti are a(n) 　6　 (vital)part of the desert life.Actually the giants may be 　7　 (home)to many animals.In addition,after a saguaro turns the age of 50 or so,cold-resistant flowers come out at the top of the plants once a year.These flowers 　8　 (fascinate)birds,bats and bees,which come for the honey and for the tasty flowers with their black seeds. 
Although the splendid saguaros are plentiful in the Southwest,they are unfortunately 　9　 (in danger).These giant cacti have great value in landscape gardening,and the thieves can earn thousands of dollars by uprooting and 　10　 (selling)them to nurseries(苗圃).To protect these southwestern 　11　 (treasures),agents for the Arizona Department of Agriculture go around and 　12　 (watch over)the desert.Without the saguaro cacti,many desert animals would suffer a lack of 　13　 (food)and loss of nesting sites.The Southwest,too,would 　14　 (lose)something of unique importance,since these desert giants have become a 　15　 (symbol)of the dry region. 
解题思路
2.掌握说明顺序为了清楚、条理地说明事物,作者通常会使用列举等各种方法来说明顺序和步骤,考生需要格外注意这些线索和走势。【典例印证】First of all...Then...　2　,the pen should make a thick,dark line.Fine-line pens may compensate for bad handwriting,but fine,delicate lines do not command attention next to printed text,as,for example,a signature on a printed letter.A broader line,on the other hand,gives an impression of confidence and authority(权威). 2.A.Meanwhile B.GenerallyC.Afterwards D.Finally
解题思路
3.利用逻辑关系说明文完形填空通常通过上下文的逻辑关系来命题。理清上下文之间是怎样的逻辑关系,找准关键信息词,可以帮助考生解题。【典例印证】Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk.And they’ve never actually met you.Everything they know about you came through this device,sometimes from hundreds of miles away.　43　 they feel they can know you just from the sound of your voice.That’s how powerful the telephone is. 43.A.Thus B.Yet C.Then D.Indeed
解题思路
4.理解所举事例作者为了说明一件事情或一个道理,通常会举出具体的事例。举例说明是说明文的常用手法,也是做题的突破口。
【典例印证】To find the meaning from text-based clues,you should look for clues in the sentence.A second kind of clue does not rely on specific words to indicate the meaning.This kind of context clue is called a framework-based clue.Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words helps you discover the meaning of a word or sentence.Common sense and your knowledge of the part of speech also help define unknown words.For example,the angry driver shouted vehemently during his fight with the other driver.What does “vehemently” 　56　?You know what 　57　 means,and you know how people feel when they argue.From this,you can figure out that “vehemently” has something to do with strong emotion or intense feelings. 56.A.mean B.use C.contain D.complete57.A.angry B.grateful C.happy D.anxious
解题思路
文体三　议论文
[命题方式]
1.利用文体特点,考查对作者观点的理解完形填空议论文的文体特点比较典型,首句往往是文章的主旨句。作者一般在文章的首段提出论点,然后在各段的首句提出分论点。2.根据论点论据的一致性,考查对上下文语境的把握一般说来,能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得到印证,而论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来,使论点和论据形成相辅相成的关系,从而使整篇文章前后一致。命题者会根据这个前后一致的原则设置一些题目,考查考生能否将文章的论点、论据及结论有机地结合起来,并依据自己对全文的理解及各部分的逻辑关系选出正确答案。
3.依据写作手段,考查语用能力议论文通常使用对比、强调、让步、举例和对照等手段。因此,考生应根据文章结构和上下文的语境和逻辑关系作出选择。注意文章的过渡词和衔接词。
[技巧点拨]
1.先易后难,各个击破议论文完形填空一般难度较大,可以采用“先易后难,各个击破”的办法。首先应快速浏览文章,初步了解文章的主旨大意,初步确定相对简单的题目的答案,此时,对文章意义的把握就会更加完整和准确。对于试题中较难的题目,应联系上下文,运用逻辑推理,结合已选答案所提供的信息,进行分析推敲。2.瞻前顾后,寻觅逻辑文章上下文的逻辑关系包括并列、转折、条件、因果、递进、让步等。它们之间有的通过连接词来表达,有的逻辑关系则隐含在句与句之间,需要分析理解。考生应该根据前后信息进行思考,拨开迷雾,准确理解上下文之间的逻辑关系,理清文章的脉络,作出正确的选择。
【典例印证】Then,as a smart student,you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study,　19　 reading and writing.If you learn to read better and write better,there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies. 19.A.chiefly B.brieflyC.actually D.occasionally
解题思路
3.分析句子,对比结构文章的句与句之间、段与段之间紧密相连,浑然一体。议论文通常围绕某一论点,通过推理、归纳、对比和分析等手法加以证明,这样就会使用各种句式或者结构。解题时,分析理清句子结构有助于理解作者的观点,会使得一些题目迎刃而解。
【典例印证】I suppose the positive side is that solitude(隐居)is still possible for anyone who really wants it.Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off.The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many 　3　,as well as disadvantages. 3.A.aspectsB.weaknessesC.advantagesD.exceptions
解题思路
[解题示例]
(2020全国Ⅰ)Since our twins began learning to walk,my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.The 　41　 is obvious.If we 　42　 it is a door,they’ll want to go outside 　43　.It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the 　44　.But our insisting it’s 　45　 a window has kept them from 　46　 millions of requests to open the door. I hate lying to the kids.One day they’ll 　47　 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 　48　. 
I wonder if 　49　 should always tell the truth no matter the 　50　.I have a very strong 　51　 that the lie we’re telling is doing 　52　 damage to our children.Windows and doors have 　53　 metaphorical(比喻) meanings.I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door.What if later in 　54　 they come to a metaphorical door,like an opportunity(机会) of some sort,and 　55　 opening the door and taking the opportunity,they just 　56　 it and wonder,“What if it isn’t a door?”That is,“What if it isn’t a 　57　 opportunity?” Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear.But the 　58　 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids.I should just 　59　 repeatedly having to say,“No.We can’t go outside now.”Then when they come to other doors in life,be they real or metaphorical,they won’t 　60　 to open them and walk through. 
41.A.relief B.targetC.reason D.case42.A.admit B.believeC.mean D.realize43.A.gradually B.constantlyC.temporarily D.casually44.A.result B.dangerC.method D.truth45.A.merely B.slightlyC.hardly D.partly
46.A.reviewing B.approvingC.receiving D.attempting47.A.win out B.give upC.wake up D.stand out48.A.dream B.lieC.fantasy D.fact49.A.parents B.twinsC.colleagues D.teachers50.A.restrictions B.explanationsC.differences D.consequences
51.A.demand B.fearC.desire D.doubt52.A.physical B.biologicalC.spiritual D.behavioral53.A.traditional B.importantC.double D.original54.A.life B.timeC.reply D.history55.A.by comparison with B.in addition toC.regardless of D.instead of
56.A.get hold of B.stare atC.knock on D.make use of57.A.real B.typicalC.similar D.limited58.A.safety rule B.comfort zoneC.bottom line D.top secret59.A.delay B.regretC.enjoy D.accept60.A.hurry B.decideC.hesitate D.intend
解题流程Step 1　速读文章,把握大意。Step 2　先易后难,初定答案。Step 3　瞻前顾后,突破疑难。Step 4　回读全文,验证答案。
答案详解【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以孩子们学走路时,向他们传输错误的概念为例,领悟到父母应守底线,不应该对孩子们说谎。41.C　自从双胞胎刚开始学走路,“我”和妻子就不停地告诉他们“我”们家的滑动玻璃门只是一扇窗子。理由(reason)是显而易见的。reason“理由”;relief“安慰”;target“目标”;case“事件”。故选C项。42.A　如果“我”们承认(admit)滑动玻璃门是一扇门,他们会不断地想出去。admit“承认”;believe“相信”;mean“意思是”;realize“认识到”。故选A项。43.B　参见上题解析。constantly“重复不断地”;gradually“逐渐地”;temporarily“暂时地”;casually“偶然地”。故选B项。
44.D　根据下文可知,孩子们显然知晓(事情的)真相(truth)。truth“真相”;result“结果”;danger“危险”;method“办法”。故选D项。45.A　从文章第一段“...my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.”中的just可得到提示。merely“仅仅”;slightly“稍微”;hardly“几乎不”;partly“一定程度上”。故选A项。46.D　但是“我”们坚持说那仅仅是一扇窗子,这使得他们放弃了尝试(attempting)开门的请求。attempt“尝试”;review“复习”;approve“同意”;receive“收到”。故选D项。47.C　“我”讨厌对孩子说谎,有朝一日,孩子们会醒来(wake up),并发现他们关于对窗户的认知是一个谎言。wake up“醒来”;win out“胜出”;give up“放弃”;stand out“脱颖而出”。故选C项。
48.B　从上文“I hate lying to the kids.”可得到提示。lie“谎言”;dream“梦想”;fantasy“幻想”;fact“事实”。故选B项。49.A　“我”想知道父母(parents)是不是应该不管结果如何,总是告诉孩子们事情的真相。故选A项。50.D　不管结果(consequences)如何,总是告诉孩子们真相。consequence“结果”;restriction“约束”;explanation“解释”;difference“差异”。故选D项。51.B　“我”有一种非常强烈的担心(fear),“我”们说的谎话会给孩子们带来精神上的伤害。最后一段第一句“Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear.”是个提示。故选B项。
52.C　参见上题解析。spiritual“精神的”;physical“身体的”;biological“生物的”;behavioral“行为的”。故选C项。53.B　“窗”和“门”都有重要的(important)比喻含义。故选B项。54.A　此处表示如果他们日后生活(life)中遇到比喻含义的“门”。由下文“Then when they come to other doors in life,be they real or metaphorical,they won’t 　60　 to open them and walk through.”也可得到提示。故选A项。 55.D　而不是(instead of)打开门去把握机会。instead of“而不是”;by comparison with“同……比较起来”; in addition to“除……之外(还)”;regardless of“不管,不顾”。故选D项。
56.B　孩子们只是瞪着眼睛凝视(stare at),并疑惑“那如果不是一扇门会怎样?” stare at“瞪着眼睛凝视”;get hold of“抓住”;knock on“敲击”;make use of“利用”。故选B项。57.A　那如果不是真的(real)机会会怎样? 故选A项。58.C　或许这是一个不合理的担心,但底线(bottom line)是“我”不应该对孩子们说谎。bottom line“底线”;safety rule“安全规则”;comfort zone“舒适区”;top secret“绝密”。故选C项。59.D　“我”应该接受(accept)反复强调“不,“我”们现在还不能出去”。 accept“接受”;delay“延迟”;regret“后悔”;enjoy“享受”。故选D项。60.C　当他们在生活中遇到其他的门时,无论是真实的门还是比喻意义上的门,他们都不会犹豫不决,而会勇敢打开并成功跨越。hesitate“犹豫”;hurry“匆忙”;decide“决定”;intend“打算”。故选C项。
真题演练 明趋势
Unit 1A(2020全国Ⅱ)It was just after sunrise on a June morning.“Nicolo,”whose real name cannot be 　1　 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws,　2　 working the whole night at a factory in Turin.As he often did,he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)”　3　 by the Italian police where things 　4　 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder.There,among many other things,Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 　5　 above his dining room table.Nicolo and another bidder 　6　 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32. 
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily,he 　7　 the paintings with him.He hung them above the same table he had 　8　 from Turin.His son,age 15,who had 　9　 an art appreciation class,thought that there was something 　10　 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought,but when he 　11　 it,he only found “Bonnard,”a French 　12　 he had never heard of.He bought a book and was 　13　 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 　14　 as his father’s painting. 
“That’s the garden in our picture,”Nicolo’s son told his father.They 　15　 learned that the painting they 　16　 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.”They 　17　 the other painting and learned that it was 　18　 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.”The 　19　 called the Italian Culture Ministry;the official confirmed that the paintings were 　20　 and worth as much as $50 million. 
1.A.attached B.allocatedC.exposed D.submitted2.A.finished B.delayedC.considered D.tried3.A.attended B.reservedC.cancelled D.run4.A.shown B.foundC.kept D.hidden5.A.nice B.familiarC.useful D.real
6.A.battled B.debatedC.discussed D.bargained7.A.held B.leftC.registered D.brought8.A.chosen B.receivedC.ordered D.moved9.A.missed B.failedC.taken D.led10.A.concrete B.unusualC.unappealing D.natural
11.A.appreciated B.touchedC.researched D.witnessed12.A.painter B.designerC.author D.actor13.A.expected B.surprisedC.anxious D.ready14.A.room B.kitchenC.hall D.garden15.A.apparently B.confidentlyC.eventually D.temporarily
16.A.owned B.borrowedC.sold D.stole17.A.collected B.cleanedC.framed D.studied18.A.suitably B.actuallyC.rightly D.specifically19.A.girl B.artistC.family D.police20.A.copies B.originalsC.models D.presents
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Nicolo在下夜班的路上,参与了一个拍卖活动,花32美元买了两幅画。若干年后,Nicolo的这两幅画被证明是名家名作,价值五千万美金。1.C　根据句意可知,由于意大利的隐私法,主人公的真名不能暴露在公众面前。be exposed to“暴露于”。2.A　根据下文的the whole night可知,Nicolo结束了在工厂里整个晚上的工作,也就是下了夜班。finish doing sth.“完成做某事”。3.D　根据句意可知,这次拍卖活动是由意大利警方负责经营管理的。run“经营;管理”。4.B　根据语境可知,这些被拍卖的东西,是在火车上被发现的。
5.A　Nicolo注意到两幅画,他觉得如果把这两幅画放在餐桌上方,可能看起来很漂亮。6.A　根据下文出现的won一词可知,Nicolo和另一个出价者开始较量起来,此处battle是动词,意为“较量”。7.D　根据下文内容可知,这两幅画一直跟随着Nicolo,因此,他退休后搬家时,把这两幅画一起带走了。8.D　根据前面的the same table可知,Nicolo搬家时,不仅带着这两幅画,而且把餐桌也搬走了。9.C　此处表示Nicolo 15岁的儿子曾经参加过一个艺术鉴赏课。10.B　根据下文内容可知,这幅画是名家的作品,所以此处表示Nicolo的儿子觉得这幅画有些不同寻常。
11.C　根据上文可知,Nicolo的儿子一开始以为签名是Bonnato,但仔细研究发现,是Bonnard。12.A　此处表示这个名字是Nicolo的儿子以前从未听说过的一个法国画家的名字。13.B　根据下文内容可知,Nicolo的儿子买了一本书,发现了一幅让他感到惊讶的画。14.D　根据上文出现的a garden chair可知,此处答案为garden。15.C　此处说明的是父子二人最终了解到的事实真相,所以用副词eventually。
16.A　根据第一段内容可知,这幅画是Nicolo买下来的,自然被他所拥有。17.D　根据下文内容可知,另一幅画也是名家作品,可见父子俩对另一幅画也进行了仔细研究。18.B　Nicolo当初用32美元买下两幅画,他并不知道这两幅画的价值。此处表示实际上第二幅画也是大师的杰作。19.C　Nicolo一家人得知这两幅画不同寻常,立刻给意大利的文化部打电话。20.B　此处表示经有关人员证实,这两幅画都是真迹,并非赝品,价值大约五千万美金。
B(2020天津)Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England.He has recently made a significant 　1　—loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes,but it can be 　2　 in a clever way.The 　3　?Chat benches. 
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 　4　.The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 　5　 made her believe that he was her friend,and then she lent him about ￡31,000.Jones was 　6　 when she said that she didn’t actually 　7　 being cheated.“Otherwise,I would never speak to another person for weeks on end,”she said. 
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 　8　 people in his community,who are easy targets of cheating.So he 　9　 to do something about it.He 　10　 the police department to allow him to 　11　 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 　12　:“HAPPY TO CHAT”.Just a few days after the signs went up,he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 　13　 conversations. 
The idea is catching on 　14　.There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond.All who participated have gained a(n) 　15　 outcome from getting involved.Jones’ idea has been fully 　16　—the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 　17　 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. This effort is not just a(n) 　18　 at being community minded—it’s also a 　19　 measure.It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters. The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 　20　 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future. 
1.A.choice B.discoveryC.visit D.promise2.A.experienced B.sufferedC.prevented D.felt3.A.solution B.puzzleC.excuse D.intention4.A.pleasure B.prizeC.credit D.money5.A.eventually B.frequentlyC.previously D.occasionally
6.A.ashamed B.shockedC.excited D.amused7.A.mind B.forgiveC.risk D.enjoy8.A.active B.lonelyC.cautious D.stubborn9.A.learned B.refusedC.pretended D.decided10.A.forced B.orderedC.convinced D.taught
11.A.put away B.make outC.tear apart D.set up12.A.read B.claimedC.meant D.implied13.A.formal B.joyfulC.awkward D.crazy14.A.randomly B.slowlyC.quickly D.purposefully15.A.positive B.disappointingC.correct D.embarrassing
16.A.realized B.examinedC.discussed D.formed17.A.break down B.put upC.keep off D.take out18.A.glance B.attemptC.knock D.attack19.A.heart-breaking B.risk-takingC.face-saving D.crime-cutting20.A.forbids B.appointsC.encourages D.troubles
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Ashley Jones警探发现孤独是一个严重的社会问题,甚至能促成犯罪,于是他提出了“聊天椅”的想法并付诸实践。孤独的人们很快有了交谈和倾诉的场所和机会,犯罪率也大幅下降。1.B　根据破折号后面的内容可知,Ashley Jones警探最近有了一个重大的发现。2.C　根据下文内容可知,Jones认为孤独引发的社会问题可以通过一个聪明的方法来避免。3.A　根据下文的回答Chat benches可知,此处询问的是“什么解决方案”。4.D　根据下文内容可知,这位老太太被骗走了很多钱。
5.A　根据上文内容可知,这个骗子每天早上都给老太太打电话,最终老太太相信骗子是她的朋友。6.B　老太太被骗了钱但她并不介意,这让Jones感到非常震惊。7.A　根据老太太说的话可知,她实际上并不介意被骗。8.B　根据上下文语境可知,Jones所在的社区居住着很多极为孤独的人,这些人很容易成为骗子的目标。9.D　根据下文内容可知,了解到真相后,Jones决定采取措施来解决因为孤独而容易上当受骗的问题。10.C　根据语境可知,Jones说服了警察局同意并支持他的做法。
11.D　根据下文内容可知,Jones在当地的两个公园里安置(set up)了几把“聊天椅”。12.A　根据下文双引号里面的内容可知,彩色条幅上写着“HAPPY TO CHAT”几个单词。13.B　根据下文内容可知,Jones的做法非常成功,人们纷纷加入聊天中来,非常积极主动,也很开心。14.C　根据下文聊天椅的数量可知,这个主意很快流行开来。15.A　根据上下文语境可知,所有参与聊天的人都获得了积极的结果。16.A　根据上下文语境可知,Jones的想法完全得以实现了。
17.A　根据上文内容可知,聊天椅的设置打破(break down)了阻止人们相互打招呼的无形的社交障碍。18.B　根据下文内容可知,Jones的努力并不只是尝试培养人们的社区意识。19.D　根据下一句的内容可知,Jones的努力也是一项减少犯罪行为的措施。20.C　根据上文内容可知,聊天椅是一个很棒的方案,它鼓励各个年龄段的人们在未来相互交流并相互了解。
【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①be exposed to sb让某人知道……②privacy laws隐私法③take an art appreciation class上艺术欣赏课④original n.原件,原作⑤engage in参与;从事⑥spring up迅速/突然地出现/发展
Unit 2
A(2020全国Ⅲ)As a businesswoman,I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feel affection,　1　 can also drive you mad.They’ll come rushing in,　2　 their handbag’s been stolen.They’ll 　3　 that they left it in the changing room,create havoc(混乱) and then 　4　 it had been in their car all the time.They’ll have out half the 　5　 in the shop,and want the only style you don’t have left in a 　6　 colour.I do know how upset the shop staff can get,but I try to persuade them to keep 　7　. 
I remember the first really 　8　 customer we had at Covent Garden.She was 　9　 absolutely everything,nothing was right and I was rather 　10　 that she became a “regular”.After a while,she 　11　 for the way she behaved at the beginning.She had split up with her husband the week before,was living in a flat 　12　,and since she’d found it too much to cope with(应对),she’d taken it out on 　13　 people. 
That taught me a valuable 　14　 and I pass it on to the people who 　15　 in the market.Don’t take it 　16　.If a customer is rude or difficult,just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband.Maybe her child’s not 　17　.”Always water it down and don’t let your ego(自我) get 　18　.If you do,you won’t be able to 　19　 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 　20　 everyone’s day. 
1.A.shopkeepers B.customersC.salespersons D.receptionists2.A.saying B.pretendingC.guessing D.replying3.A.agree B.promiseC.imagine D.swear4.A.forget B.decideC.discover D.assume5.A.foods B.cataloguesC.belongings D.goods
6.A.particular B.differentC.matching D.natural7.A.fighting B.smilingC.waiting D.changing8.A.generous B.politeC.careless D.difficult9.A.curious about B.displeased withC.patient with D.uncertain about10.A.relaxed B.delightedC.surprised D.embarrassed
11.A.searched B.arguedC.prayed D.apologized12.A.by chance B.by herselfC.on purpose D.on duty13.A.rude B.suchC.other D.lonely14.A.lesson B.trickC.skill D.trade15.A.work B.shopC.meet D.quarrel
16.A.kindly B.secretlyC.personally D.casually17.A.ready B.awayC.up D.well18.A.out of sight B.in the wayC.behind the scene D.above the law19.A.stress B.expectC.handle D.blame20.A.ruins B.makesC.starts D.saves
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者与顾客打交道时,有时候会感觉非常气愤,甚至发疯。不过经历一件事之后,作者学会了如何应对“难缠”的顾客了。1.B　根据上文“I care deeply about my customers”可知,此处是在讲作者与顾客之间的事情。但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样,顾客也会让你发疯。2.A　say“说,表达”;pretend“假装”;guess“猜测”;reply“回答”。这里表示“他们会冲进来,说他们的手提包被偷了”。3.D　agree“同意”;promise“许诺”;imagine“想象,设想”;swear“发誓,咒骂”。他们会信誓旦旦地说把包落在了更衣室。4.C　后来发现(discover)包是落在了车里。
5.D　他们把商店里几乎一半的商品(goods)都看个遍,结果想要的是你唯一没有存货的那个特别颜色的款式。6.A　particular“独特的,特别的”;different“不同的”;matching“相配的”;natural“天然的,自然的”。这里指顾客想要的东西恰巧是自己没有存货的那个特别颜色的款式。7.B　根据but前的upset可知,这里表示无论你多么郁闷,都要保持微笑(smiling)。8.D　此处是在讲作者在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难对付的顾客。difficult意为“难对付,难缠”之意。
9.B　这里表示“这位顾客对什么东西都不满意”。这与下文“nothing was right”表述一致。10.C　不过令作者惊讶(surprised)的是,这位顾客成了她店里的常客。11.D　结合下文的内容可知,这位顾客为自己一开始的行为道歉(apologized)了。12.B　一周前她和丈夫分手了,现在一个人(by herself)住在一套公寓里,因为她觉得实在难以应对,就把气撒在别人身上。13.C　这位顾客把自己的闷气发泄在了其他(other)人身上。14.A　结合下一句内容“作者教给别人如何应对顾客”可知,这里指作者从这次经历中获得了经验教训(lesson)。
15.A　作者把经验教训传授给了在这个市场工作(work)的其他人。16.C　Don’t take it personally意为“别太当回事”。17.D　此处指我们应该站在顾客的角度考虑问题,这样她也许就不会生气了。也许她和丈夫吵架了,也许是她孩子的身体不太好。18.B　一定要去淡化它,不要自我设限。in the way“挡路,妨碍”,符合题意。19.C　stress“强调”;expect“期望”;handle“解决”;blame“责怪”。如果你这样做(自我设限)的话,就无法解决问题了。20.A　整个事情会发展成不愉快的场面,破坏每个人一天(的心情)。ruin意为“毁坏,破坏”,符合语境。
B(2020浙江)I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years.I use a small tractor to get about.My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger seat.One morning I 　1　 a lost lamb when I was in the top field,near where a motorway cuts through my land.The lamb had become separated from its 　2　,so I jumped out of the tractor to 　3　 it while Don stayed in his seat. Lamb and mother 　4　,I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.This was so 　5　 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out.　6　 Don had somehow made the 　7　 move. 
My heart froze in my chest as I 　8　 the tractor heading towards the 　9　.I ran desperately but failed to 　10　.It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.The 　11　 thing I saw was Don’s face,looking calmly back at me. Heart in mouth,I 　12　 the fence and looked over.The tractor was 　13　 against the crash barrier in the central reservation,having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 　14　 road with fast-flowing traffic.I couldn’t see Don,but as I 　15　 the tractor he jumped out onto the road,apparently 　16　,and dashed back to me. 
The police 　17　 and the motorway ran normally again.I couldn’t quite believe my 　18　 it turned out no one got badly hurt,but the outcome could have been 　19　.Don was given a special 　20　 that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him. 
1.A.dropped B.spottedC.carried D.returned2.A.kids B.friendsC.owner D.mother3.A.ask about B.play withC.tend to D.run into4.A.freed B.switchedC.reunited D.examined5.A.unexpected B.dangerousC.embarrassing D.difficult
6.A.Fortunately B.GenerallyC.Immediately D.Obviously7.A.lamb B.vehicleC.seat D.fence8.A.saw B.stoppedC.remembered D.drove9.A.crowd B.motorwayC.field D.hill10.A.take off B.catch upC.hold back D.get out
11.A.real B.bestC.basic D.last12.A.fixed B.noticedC.reached D.closed13.A.resting B.runningC.parking D.turning14.A.steep B.longC.rough D.busy15.A.abandoned B.approachedC.recognized D.repaired
16.A.unclean B.uncertainC.unhurt D.unhappy17.A.arrived B.repliedC.survived D.waited18.A.ability B.dreamC.luck D.idea19.A.common B.confusingC.desirable D.awful20.A.meal B.testC.job D.lesson
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直在山坡放羊。一天作者开着拖拉机带着他的狗去田地的路上发现了一只走散的小羊。于是,作者下车去照看小羊,把自己的狗留在了车上。后来作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈。令作者意想不到的是,自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶,害怕狗造成严重的后果。幸运的是,狗没有受伤,也没有给其他人造成伤害。1.B　下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了,所以作者是无意中“发现”了一只迷路的小羊。drop落下;spot发现;carry搬;return返回。故选B。2.D　根据下文 “Lamb and mother”可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。kid小孩;friend朋友;owner主人;mother妈妈。故选D。
3.C　上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了,所以可以推测出作者跳下拖拉机去照看它。ask about询问;play with同……一起玩;tend to照看;run into撞上。故选C。4.C　下文说作者转过身去看拖拉机,因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了。free使自由;switch转变;reunite重聚;examine检查。故选C。5.A　上文说作者看见拖拉机突然离开了自己,下文提到作者跳下车时已经拉上了手刹,所以这让作者感到“出乎意料”。unexpected出乎意料的;dangerous危险的;embarrassing使人尴尬的;difficult困难的。故选A。
6.D　根据“while Don stayed in his seat”可知“我”跳下车,照顾小羊的时候,Don还坐在他的座位上。很显然,是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。fortunately幸运地;generally通常;immediately立即;obviously显然。故选D。7.B　根据“...I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.”可知“我”转过身去看拖拉机,却看见它突然离开了“我”,所以这里指的是Don开走了“我”的车。lamb小羊;vehicle车辆;seat座位;fence栅栏。故选B。8.A　从下文作者拼命地追可知,作者“看见”了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。see看见;stop停止;remember记得;drive驾驶。故选A。
9.B　根据上文提到“...near where a motorway cuts through my land.”可知此处指“高速公路”。crowd人群;motorway高速公路;field旷野;hill小山。故选B。10.B　根据“I ran desperately”和“It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.”可知作者没有追上拖拉机。take off 起飞;catch up追上;hold back阻止;get out出去。故选B。11.D　此处指Don平静地看着“我”,这是“我”最后看到的事情。real真实的;best最好的;basic基本的;last最后的。故选D。12.C　根据“and looked over”可知“我”抵达了栅栏。fix固定;notice注意;reach抵达;close关。故选C。
13.A　根据“the crash barrier in the central reservation”可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。rest倚靠;run跑;park停车;turn转动。故选A。14.D　根据“fast-flowing traffic”可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。steep陡峭的;long长的;rough粗糙的;busy繁忙的。故选D。15.B　下文提到作者的狗冲回作者身边,所以作者一定是“接近”了拖拉机。abandon抛弃;approach接近; recognize意识到;repair修理。故选B。16.C　根据空前“he jumped out onto the road”和空后“dashed back to me”可知作者的狗没有受伤。unclean不洁的;uncertain 不确定的;unhurt没有受伤的;unhappy不快乐的。故选C。
17.A　下文提到高速公路的运行又恢复了正常,可知是警察到达后处理的结果。arrive到达;reply回答;survive幸存;wait等待。故选A。18.C　作者的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路,结果却没有人受伤,所以作者不相信自己有这么好的“运气”。ability能力;dream梦想;luck运气;idea想法。故选C。19.D　根据生活常识可知,动物开车上了高速路,结果是令人非常可怕的。common普通的;confusing混乱的;desirable令人向往的;awful可怕的。故选D。20.A　根据下文“I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.”可知作者不想让Don认为自己生他的气,所以作者给他提供了一顿特别的晚餐。meal餐;饭食;test测验;job工作;lesson教训。故选A。
【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①be displeased with...对……不满意②a regular一位常客③split up with sb与某人分手/离婚④cope with...应对……,处理……⑤have a row with sb与某人吵架⑥water sth down让某事平息下来⑦become separated from...与……分离⑧tend to sth照顾,照料⑨heart in one’s mouth某人非常担心⑩look over查阅,检查
Unit 3A(2019全国Ⅱ)It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota.During the long trip home,following a weekend of hunting,Ehlers 　1　 about the small dog he had seen 　2　 alongside the road.He had 　3　 to coax(哄) the dog to him but,frightened,it had 　4　. 
Back home,Ehlers was troubled by that 　5　 dog.So,four days later,he called his friend Greg,and the two drove 　6　.After a long and careful 　7　,Greg saw,across a field,the dog moving 　8　 away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with 　9　.It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 　10　 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a 　11　 number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers 　12　 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 　13　 their dog. 
Jeff had 　14　 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog,Rosie,but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff searched 　15　 for Rosie in the next four days. Ehlers returned to Minnesota,and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.“It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 　16　 enough to go to that kind of 　17　,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue 　18　. “I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 　19　 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers.“If it had been my dog,I’d hope that somebody would be 　20　 to go that extra mile.” 
1.A.read B.forgotC.thought D.heard2.A.fighting B.tremblingC.eating D.sleeping3.A.tried B.agreedC.promised D.regretted4.A.calmed down B.stood upC.rolled over D.run off5.A.injured B.stolenC.lost D.rescued
6.A.home B.pastC.back D.on7.A.preparation B.explanationC.test D.search8.A.cautiously B.casuallyC.skillfully D.angrily9.A.surprise B.joyC.hesitation D.anxiety10.A.predicted B.advertisedC.believed D.recorded
11.A.house B.phoneC.street D.car12.A.called B.copiedC.counted D.remembered13.A.fed B.adoptedC.found D.cured14.A.hunted B.skiedC.lived D.worked15.A.on purpose B.on timeC.in turn D.in vain
16.A.cares B.seesC.suffers D.learns17.A.place B.troubleC.waste D.extreme18.A.service B.planC.effort D.team19.A.equal B.allergicC.grateful D.close20.A.suitable B.proudC.wise D.willing
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位男士帮助素不相识的人找回走丢的宠物狗的故事。1.C　根据上文的following a weekend of hunting可知,Ehlers是在狩猎回家的路上,再结合下文的he had seen可知,此处表示他想起了他看到的那只小狗。think about“想起”。2.B　根据下文可知,这是一只走丢的狗,所以trembling符合语境。根据下文的coax和frightened可排除A、C、D三项。3.A　由第二段的“... succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.”提示可知,此处用try to do sth.“试图做某事”符合语境。agree“同意”;promise“答应”;regret“后悔”。
4.D　根据上文的frightened可知,狗害怕了,由常识推知,它应是跑开了。5.C　根据第三段的“...as lost in the local paper.”提示可知,此处应填lost。6.C　根据下文的“...Greg saw,across a field,the dog moving 　8　 away.”可知,他和朋友又开车回去了,所以填back。 7.D　根据空前的形容词long and careful,结合下文的“...Greg saw,across a field,the dog moving 　8　 away.”可知,此处应为“寻找”,所以填search。 8.A　上文提到这是一只走丢的狗,结合上一段中的frightened可知,此处填cautiously(小心翼翼地)符合语境。
9.B　根据replaced以及下文的“It just started licking Ehlers’ face.”可知,所填的词应该是和Nervousness and fear意思相反的词,浏览选项可知B项符合语境。10.B　根据下文的“The ad...”提示可知,此处应填advertised。此处为同义复现。11.B　根据下文的“Ehlers 　12　 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them...”可知,广告上有电话号码。 12.A　由于广告上有电话号码,Ehlers要告诉他们,自然要给他们打电话。call“(给……)打电话”。
13.C　根据上文可知,他找到了那条狗。所以此处应是Ehlers在电话里告诉对方他找到了狗。14.A　根据下文提到的“...but the gun shots had scared the dog off.”可知,Jeff和他的狗一起外出狩猎,所以填hunted。15.D　根据上文可知,Jeff的狗走丢了,他一直没有找到它,所以此处应填“in vain”,表示“徒劳地”。16.A　根据上文可知,Ehlers回到Minnesota后,驱车100英里到达Minneapolis,把狗送上了去Michigan的航班。由此可知,此处填cares符合语境。
17.B　由上题解析可知,Ehlers费了很大劲把小狗送回主人身边,此处用短语go to the trouble(不辞劳苦)符合语境。18.C　此处指Ehlers为救这只走丢的狗而做出的努力,所以填effort。service“服务”;plan“计划”;team“团队”。19.D　此处讲述的是Ehlers当时的想法,他认为丢狗的人和狗的关系就如同他和自己的狗一样亲近。be close to“和……亲近”。20.D　此处是Ehlers提出了一种假设,如果他的狗走丢了,他希望也有人会愿意像他那么做。be willing to do“乐意做某事”。
B(2019浙江)There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause.Usually,the 　1　 the idea is,the more it gets noticed.And that’s precisely why one 　2　 Frenchman has caught our attention. Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe,surviving 　3　 on discarded(丢弃) food.The three-month,1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s 　4　 of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. 
As you can 　5　,the trip is no piece of cake.While restaurants 　6　 tons of food each year,much of it remains inaccessible because of 　7　 garbage containers,health regulations,or business policies.Only about one in ten places 　8　 him food that would otherwise be discarded.For legal 　9　,most restaurants have a policy against 　10　 food waste.“Some people have even 　11　 their jobs by giving me food,” Dubanchet said. What’s 　12　 interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause.Berlin has been the 　13　 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.There,he had to 　14　 at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food.The 　15　 is all the more serious when you consider the 　16　 exercise required to bike from France to Poland. 
“I have to get food 　17　 because after all the biking I am tired and I need the 　18　,”Dubanchet explained.“Is my 　19　 full or empty?That is the most important thing,not what I am eating.” He aims to 　20　 his journey by mid-July.With any luck,he’ll turn a few more heads in the process. 
1.A.cleverer B.olderC.stranger D.simpler2.A.garbage-eating B.sports-loving C.food-wasting D.law-breaking3.A.secretly B.finallyC.entirely D.probably4.A.purpose B.wayC.opinion D.dream5.A.observe B.imagineC.suggest D.remember
6.A.store B.cookC.shop for D.throw away7.A.locked B.damagedC.connected D.abandoned8.A.bought B.offeredC.ordered D.sold9.A.reasons B.rightsC.fees D.aids10.A.begging for B.giving awayC.hiding D.causing
11.A.did B.keptC.accepted D.risked12.A.hardly B.usually C.particularly D.merely13.A.easiest B.nearestC.biggest D.richest14.A.work B.shoutC.ask D.jump15.A.competition B.conversationC.conflict D.challenge
16.A.adequate B.rewardingC.demanding D.suitable17.A.again B.aloneC.later D.fast18.A.spirit B.energyC.time D.effort19.A.stomach B.handC.pocket D.basket20.A.arrange B.restartC.report D.finish
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。本文报道了一名法国人为提高欧洲甚至全世界人们对食物浪费的意识,在骑车环游欧洲时靠吃食物垃圾填饱肚子的事情。1.C　根据第二段第一句中的“surviving 　3　 on discarded(丢弃) food”可知,此处应填stranger,意为“想法越奇特,越能引起人们的注意”。 2.A　根据第二段第一句提到的“discarded(丢弃) food”可知,此处应填garbage-eating,意为“吃垃圾的”。3.C　根据第三、四段讲述Baptiste Dubanchet在旅行途中向餐馆要食物垃圾填饱肚子的艰辛可知,此处应选entirely,表示“完全靠丢弃的食物来生存”。
4.B　根据第一段第一句“There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause.”可知,此处应选way,意为“方法,方式”。5.B　根据本段讲述这次旅程的不容易可知,此处应选imagine,表示“正如你所想象的那样,这次旅程不容易”。6.D　根据本段第三句中的“food that would otherwise be discarded”可知,应选择throw away,表示“虽然每天餐馆要扔掉许多食物”。store“贮存”;cook“烹饪”;shop for“购买”。7.A　根据空前的“much of it remains inaccessible”可知,餐馆扔掉的大多数都很难要到。所以选locked,即扔掉的食物被放在“封闭的”容器里。
8.B　根据本段最后一句中的“giving me food”可知,此处填offered,意为“给他提供要扔掉的食物”。9.A　根据该空后的“most restaurants have a policy against”可知,此处填reasons,意为“原因,理由”。10.B　根据下一句中的“by giving me food”可知,此处应用giving away,意为“赠送”。11.D　根据上一句可知,大多数餐馆都有规定反对赠送食物,所以有些人冒着失去工作的风险给“我”食物,应填risked,意为“冒着……的风险”。12.C　句意:特别有趣的是不同的城市对待Dubanchet的事业的态度。根据句意可知选C项。hardly“几乎不”;usually“通常”;particularly“尤其,特别地”;merely“仅仅,只”。
13.A　根据空后的“while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen”可知,与the most difficult形成对比的应是easiest。14.C　向商店或餐馆索要食物,应用ask,意为“请求”。15.D　此句继续讲述他索要食物垃圾填饱肚子的难度,应填challenge,意为“挑战”。词组all the more意为“更加”。16.C　句意:当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的运动量时,这种挑战就更加严峻。此处填demanding,意为“要求高的;费力的”。
17.D　根据空后的“because after all the biking I am tired...”可知,此时应该需要快点获得食物。由此判断,此处填fast,意为“快地”。18.B　根据空前的“after all the biking I am tired”可知,“我需要能量”。此处填energy,意为“能量”。19.A　句意:我的胃是满的还是空的?根据下一句“That is the most important thing,not what I am eating.”可知,此处填stomach,意为“胃”。20.D　根据第二段第一句“Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe...”,可知他的旅行正在进行中。由此判断,此处填finish,表示“结束,完成”。
【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①be replaced with...被……所取代②in vain徒劳,白费力气③put sb to a flight to...让某人搭乘去……的飞机④raise awareness for...提高对……的意识⑤get noticed引起注意⑥precisely adv.准确地⑦survive on...靠……生存
⑧no piece of cake不容易⑨inaccessible adj.无法获取的⑩garbage container垃圾箱⑪health regulation医疗监管⑫one in ten十分之一⑬a demanding exercise一项要求很高的活动
Unit 4A(2019全国Ⅲ)The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March—　1　 six months out of the year. “Of course,we 　2　 it when the sun is shining,”says Karin Ro,who works for the town’s tourism office.“We see the sky is 　3　,but down in the valley it’s darker—it’s like on a 　4　 day.” 
But that 　5　 when a system of high-tech 　6　 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below.Wednesday,residents(居民)of Rjukan 　7　 their very first ray of winter sunshine:A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 　8　.The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 　9　 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 　10　 and to close during windy weather.They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central 　11　,creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.When the light 　12　,Rjukan residents gathered together. 
“People have been 　13　 there and standing there and taking 　14　 of each other,”Ro says.“The town square was totally 　15　.I think almost all the people in the town were there.”The 3,500 residents cannot all 　16　 the sunshine at the same time.　17　,the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 　18　 residents. “It’s not very 　19　,” she says,“but it is enough when we are 　20　.” 
1.A.only B.obviouslyC.nearly D.precisely2.A.fear B.believeC.hear D.notice3.A.empty B.blueC.high D.wide4.A.cloudy B.normalC.different D.warm5.A.helped B.changedC.happened D.mattered
6.A.computers B.telescopesC.mirrors D.cameras7.A.remembered B.forecastedC.received D.imagined8.A.repair B.riskC.rest D.use9.A.forbids B.directsC.predicts D.follows10.A.day B.nightC.month D.year
11.A.library B.hallC.square D.street12.A.appeared B.returnedC.faded D.stopped13.A.driving B.hidingC.camping D.sitting14.A.pictures B.notesC.care D.hold15.A.new B.fullC.flat D.silent
16.A.block B.avoidC.enjoy D.store17.A.Instead B.HoweverC.Gradually D.Similarly18.A.nature-loving B.energy-savingC.weather-beaten D.sun-starved19.A.big B.clearC.cold D.easy20.A.trying B.waitingC.watching D.sharing
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了挪威的Rjukan小镇由于安装了高科技反射镜系统,享受到了久违的阳光。1.C　根据上文提到的“from late September to mid-March”可知,Rjukan有将近六个月接受不到阳光照射,故选nearly,意为“几乎,差不多”。only“唯一的;仅有的”; obviously“明显地”;precisely“精确地; 恰好地”。2.D　根据下文中的“We see the sky is...”可知,当太阳照耀的时候,居民们注意到了这一点。notice“注意;留意”;fear“畏惧;害怕”;believe“相信”;hear“听到”。故选D项。3.B　当太阳照耀时,天空是蓝色的(blue);但在山谷中,天空就暗下来了。
4.A　根据上文中的“but down in the valley it’s darker”可知此处表示就像是阴天(cloudy)一样。normal“正常的”;different“不同的”;warm“温暖的”。5.B　根据下文中的“their very first ray of winter sunshine”可知,Rjukan的居民们享受到了第一缕暖阳,近半年得不到太阳照射的现象得以改变(change)。6.C　根据下文中的“The mirrors are controlled by a computer that...”可知,小镇安装了高科技的反射镜系统,mirror意为“镜子”。 computer“电脑”;telescope“望远镜”;camera“照相机”。7.C　根据下文中的“their very first ray of winter sunshine”可知,小镇装上了高科技反射镜系统,居民们得以接收到了(received)冬季第一缕阳光的照射。
8.D　根据上文中的“A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside”可知,反射板被用来反射阳光,此处用固定搭配put...to use“利用……”。故选D项。9.B　根据上文可知,这些反射镜由一台电脑控制,电脑可根据太阳位置的变化,指挥(directs)反射镜旋转。10.A　电脑根据一整天(throughout the day)太阳位置的变化,指挥反射镜旋转,以有效反射附近山峰上的太阳光。night“夜晚”;month“月份”;year“年”。11.C　根据下文中的“The town square was totally 　15　.”可知,应该是反射镜系统将集中的光线反射到小镇的中心广场(square)上,形成近600平方米的光区。 
12.A　根据上文中的“creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters”可知,当光线出现(appeared)的时候,小镇居民从四周聚集而来。return“返回”;fade“褪去,失去光泽”;stop“停止”。13.D　根据上文可知,居民聚集到广场,或坐(sitting),或站,互相拍照。14.A　见上题解析。take pictures“拍照”;take notes“记笔记”;take care“照顾”;take hold“抓住”。15.B　根据下文中的“I think almost all the people in the town were there.”可知来到广场上的居民很多,因此整个广场是满的。故选B项。
16.C　根据上文可知,广场上的人很多。由此可推测3,500位居民无法同时享受(enjoy)阳光。block“阻止; 阻塞”;avoid“避开,避免”;store“贮存”。17.B　根据下文中的“more than enough”可知此处表示转折,因此选B项,意为“然而”。instead“代替”;gradually“逐步地,渐渐地”;similarly“相似地;类似地”。18.D　根据上文可知,居民近半年时间享受不到阳光照射,所以此处表示渴望阳光的(sun-starved)居民。19.A　根据上文以及下文中的“but it is enough”可知,反射过来的阳光面积并不大(big)。20.D　此处表示虽然阳光面积不大,但也足够居民们分享(share)。try“尝试”;wait“等待”;watch“观看”。
B(2019全国Ⅰ)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.They 　1　 with them lots of waste.The 　2　 might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing,changing the 　3　 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories,I’m 　4　 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences. However,I soon 　5　 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 　6　 among tons of rubbish.I find a 　7　 mountain,with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are 　8　 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 　9　. 
The best of a Kilimanjaro 　10　,in my opinion,isn’t reaching the top.Mountains are 　11　 as spiritual places by many cultures.This 　12　 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 　13　 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters,　14　 lands of low growing plants.Further up,the weather 　15　—low clouds envelope the mountainsides,which are covered with thick grass.I 　16　 twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4,000 meters is the highland 　17　:gravel(砾石),stones and rocks.　18　 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 　19　 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjaro 　20　 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?I found the opposite to be true. 
1.A.keep B.mixC.connect D.bring2.A.stories B.buildingsC.crowds D.reporters3.A.position B.ageC.face D.name4.A.silent B.skepticalC.serious D.crazy5.A.discover B.argueC.decide D.advocate
6.A.equipment B.grassC.camps D.stones7.A.remote B.quietC.tall D.clean8.A.new B.specialC.significant D.necessary9.A.paying off B.spreading outC.blowing up D.fading away10.A.atmosphere B.experienceC.experiment D.sight
11.A.studied B.observedC.explored D.regarded12.A.view B.qualityC.reason D.purpose13.A.scientists B.climbersC.locals D.officials14.A.holding on to B.going back toC.living up to D.giving way to15.A.changes B.clearsC.improves D.permits
16.A.match B.imagineC.count D.add17.A.village B.desertC.road D.lake18.A.Obviously B.EasilyC.Consequently D.Finally19.A.permanent B.littleC.fresh D.artificial20.A.enjoy B.deserveC.save D.acquire
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了由于人满为患、乱扔垃圾,作者担心乞力马扎罗山的美名不副实。可喜的是,当地政府的努力有了回报,山脉生态在慢慢恢复之中。1.D　由上文“每年大约有四万人试图攀爬乞力马扎罗山”和下文“或许会破坏它的美感”可知,众多的登山者带来了许多垃圾。bring with“带来”。故选D项。2.C　由上文可知,每年约四万人攀爬乞力马扎罗山,拥挤的人群(及所带来的垃圾)或许会影响它的美感。crowds“拥挤的人群”。故选C项。3.C　由上文可知,此处表示冰川正在消融,改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face“面貌”;position“位置”;age“年龄”;name“名字”。故选C项。
4.B　根据上文讲述的乞力马扎罗山的气候环境变化和下文的“其他旅游景点被描述得更加纯净天然”可知,此处意为听完这些故事,“我”对乞力马扎罗山的自然美景持怀疑态度。skeptical“怀疑的”;silent“沉默的”;serious“严肃的”;crazy“疯狂的”。故选B项。5.A　根据句首However表示转折可知,与前面的描述不同,作者不久发现了乞力马扎罗山的美,故选A项。discover“发现”;argue“争论”; decide“决定”;advocate“拥护”。6.C　此处指的是自从乞力马扎罗山上营地周围成吨垃圾的报道后,情况发生了许多变化。下文又接着讲述作者在营地和道路上看到了厕所,由此推知,上文中提到的报道指的是以前的营地是坐落在垃圾堆中的,现在干净了许多。camp“营地”;equipment“装备”;grass“草”;stone“石头”。故选C项。
7.D　本句提到作者在营地和道路旁边看到了许多厕所,与在报道中出现的垃圾堆中的营地截然不同,干净卫生。故选D项。8.C　前文提到了作者担心乞力马扎罗山面临的严峻的环境问题会毁坏它在人们心目中的美的形象。此处指的是面临的环境考验是很重要的(significant)。故选C项。9.A　本句but表示转折关系,虽然环境面临着考验,坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎挺奏效。pay off“成功;奏效;达到目的”;spread out“展开;铺开”;blow up“爆炸”;fade away“逐渐消失”。故选A项。10.B　由上文第二段中的“...other destinations are described as ‘purer’ natural experiences.”可知此空填experience。句意:在我看来,攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并不仅仅在于到达顶峰。
11.D　由下文可知,乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。be regarded as...“被视为……”。故选D项。12.A　本句进一步解释上句内容,为什么乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。随着人们在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统,这种“观点”尤其明显。故选A项。13.B　此处指攀登者可以在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统。故选B项。climber“攀登者”;scientist“科学家”;local“当地人,本地人”;official“官员”。14.D　上文讲到山脚处是雨林,它在3 000米的地方突然结束。“让位”给矮生植物。故选D项。give way to“给……让位”;hold on to“坚持”;go back to“返回”;live up to“达到”。
15.A　由上文可知,有五种生态系统,所以再往上气候又有变化。故选A项。16.C　由上文可知,低云压山,茂密的草丛覆盖着山腰,本句则为从作者所站之处望去可以数到12种浓淡深浅的绿色。故选C项。17.B　此处指的是4 000米以上为高原沙漠环境。根据下文的砾石、石头和岩石可知为类沙漠环境的描述。desert“沙漠”;village“村庄”;road“道路”; lake“湖泊”。故选B项。18.D　由上文可知,作者已经讲了四种生态系统:rainforest,low growing plants,thick grass,highland desert,还有最后的也是最冷的arctic-like zone(类北极地带),故选D项。
19.A　本句意为“类北极地带上方有永久的积雪和冰川,但它们可能不久后会融化”。permanent“永久的”;little“小的”;fresh“新鲜的”;artificial“人造的”。故选A项。20.B　文章最后作者发出感慨:一个人满为患,破坏了原有宁静的乞力马扎罗山还能名副其实吗?“我”发现恰恰相反。故选B项。
【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①six months out of the year 一年中有六个月②high-tech adj.高科技的③resident n.居民④be put to use 被使用⑤sun-starved adj.急需阳光的⑥be skeptical about...对……持怀疑态度⑦tons of rubbish大量的垃圾⑧give way to...给……让路,被……替代⑨envelope v.覆盖,遮住⑩shades of green绿荫
Unit 5
A(2018全国Ⅰ)During my second year at the city college,I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I 　1　 the idea of taking the class because,after all,who doesn’t want to 　2　 a few dollars?More than that,I’d always wanted to learn chess.And,even if I weren’t 　3　 enough about free credits,news about our 　4　 was appealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster,which 　5　 I would be learning from one of the game’s 　6　.I could hardly wait to 　7　 him. 
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this 　8　 was no game for him;he meant business.In his introduction,he made it 　9　 that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to 　10　 the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we plan to 　11　 what we would learn in class to our future professions and,　12　,to our lives.I managed to get an A in that 　13　 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 　14　. 
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley,I’m still putting to use what he 　15　 me:“The absolute most important 　16　 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 　17　.On every single move you have to 　18　 a situation,process what your opponent(对手) is doing and 　19　 the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my 　20　 as a journalist. 
1.A.put forward B.jumped atC.tried out D.turned down2.A.waste B.earnC.save D.pay3.A.excited B.worriedC.moved D.tired4.A.title B.competitorC.textbook D.instructor5.A.urged B.demandedC.held D.meant
6.A.fastest B.easiestC.best D.rarest7.A.interview B.meetC.challenge D.beat8.A.chance B.qualificationC.honor D.job9.A.real B.perfectC.clear D.possible10.A.attend B.passC.skip D.observe
11.A.add B.exposeC.apply D.compare12.A.eventually B.naturallyC.directly D.normally13.A.game B.presentationC.course D.experiment14.A.criterion B.classroomC.department D.situation15.A.taught B.wroteC.questioned D.promised
16.A.fact B.stepC.manner D.skill17.A.grades B.decisionsC.impressions D.comments18.A.analyze B.describeC.rebuild D.control19.A.announce B.signalC.block D.evaluate20.A.role B.desireC.concern D.behavior
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者上大二期间,跟着一位国际大师学习思维棋。作者不仅学到了下棋的技巧,而且也学到了超越课堂的生活技巧。1.B　根据上文提到的“a ‘free’ course”和下文的“who doesn’t want to 　2　 a few dollars”可知,作者也想省钱,所以急于接受这个主意。jump at“急于接受”符合语境。put forward“提出”;try out“试验”;turn down“拒绝”都与语境不符。 2.C　根据上文提到的“offering a ‘free’ course”可知,此处应填save,意为“节省”。3.A　上文作者提到他总是想学棋,结合前面表达让步关系的连词词组even if可知,此处填excited。be excited about“对……感到兴奋”。
4.D　根据下文的“He was an international grandmaster”可知,此处指的是作者的指导老师,所以选D项。5.D　指导老师是国际大师,这就“意味着”作者会跟着下棋最好者之一学习,所以选D项。6.C　见上题解析。fastest“最快的”;easiest“最容易的”;rarest“最罕见的”都不符合语境。7.B　此处表达作者当时的急切心情:迫不及待想见到那位老师,所以选B项。8.D　根据上文的“a former graduate returning to teach”以及下文的“...no game for him; he meant business”可知,此处指的是他的这份工作。9.C　make it clear that...“说明白;讲明白”,可看作是固定句式。
10.B　根据下文的“we had to write a paper...(我们必须要写一篇论文……)”可知,此处指的是“通过这门课程”,所以选B项。attend“上(课)”;skip“逃(课)”;observe“观察”都不符合语境。11.C　根据下文的“to our future professions”可知,此处为“apply...to...”短语,意为“把……应用到……上”。12.A　句意:我们需要写一篇如何计划把课上学到的东西应用到未来的职业中,最后应用到我们的生活中。根据句意可知选A项。eventually“最后”;naturally“自然地”;directly“直接地”;normally“正常地”。13.C　文章第一句中的“I was told that the education department was offering a ‘free’ course”中有提示。此处为原词复现。
14.B　根据上文“...learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the...”中的“life lessons”可知,所以选B项。15.A　根据指代关系可知,此处的he指的是作者的指导老师Ashley,所以选A项。16.D　根据下文提到的“when you play chess”可知,此处指下棋的技巧,所以选D项。17.B　make decisions“做决定”。此处意为“下棋最重要的技巧是做决定”。grade“分数”;impression“印象”;comment“评论”。
18.A　根据空格后面的宾语“a situation”可知,此处指“分析局势”。analyze“分析”符合语境。19.D　上文提到要分析局势,判断对手在做什么,因此要在你所有的选择中评估出最佳的一步。evaluate“评估”符合语境。20.A　根据下文的“as a journalist”可知,作者现在是记者。由此判断,此处填role,意为“角色”。desire“欲望;愿望”;concern“关心”;behavior“行为”都与语境不符。
B(2018全国Ⅱ)Two weeks earlier,my son,Ben,had got in touch.He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 　1　 seen him.So imagine my 　2　 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me. 
I was 　3　!I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 　4　.The bay was 　5　 in sunshine,and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.Getting a little 　6　,I realized one kayak(皮划艇) was in 　7　.“Something’s not 　8　!”I took off my T-shirt and 　9　 into the water.I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.He was 　10　 violently.Linking arms with one of the instructors,I helped 　11　 the young man out of the water.He was unconscious and as I looked at his face,something 　12　 to me.Those brown eyes were very 　13　.“What’s his name?”I asked the instructor.“Ben,”he replied,and immediately I 　14　.That stranger was my son! 
The instructors called for an ambulance.　15　,after a brief stay in hospital,Ben was well enough to be allowed to 　16　 and later the family met up for dinner.We chatted about everything and then Ben 　17　 to me.“I just want to say thank you,”he said.“You 　18　 my life!” I still can’t believe what a 　19　 it was.I’m just so glad I was there 　20　 to help my son. 
1.A.also B.oftenC.even D.last2.A.delight B.reliefC.anger D.worry3.A.scared B.shockedC.thrilled D.ashamed4.A.talk B.stayC.meet D.settle5.A.bathed B.cleanC.deep D.formed
6.A.faster B.closerC.heavier D.wiser7.A.trouble B.advanceC.question D.battle8.A.real B.rightC.fair D.fit9.A.stared B.sankC.dived D.fell10.A.arguing B.fightingC.shouting D.shaking
11.A.lead B.persuadeC.carry D.keep12.A.happened B.occurredC.applied D.appealed13.A.sharp B.pleasantC.attractive D.familiar14.A.agreed B.hesitatedC.doubted D.knew15.A.Fortunately B.FranklyC.Sadly D.Suddenly
16.A.return B.relaxC.speak D.leave17.A.joked B.turnedC.listened D.pointed18.A.created B.honoredC.saved D.guided19.A.coincidence B.changeC.pity D.pain20.A.on board B.in timeC.for sure D.on purpose
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者与儿子多年未见,首次约好见面,竟然巧合地从水里救了儿子一命,儿子异常感激。1.D　两周前,“我”刚与儿子取得联系,他与“我”13年未见。此处表示,距离上一次见面,已经相隔了13年。also“也”;often“经常”;even“甚至”;last“上一次”。故选D项。2.A　根据上文可知,“我”与儿子13年未见,再相见,必定会非常高兴。delight“高兴,快乐”;relief“宽慰”;anger“愤怒”;worry“担忧”。故A项符合语境。3.C　根据上文可知,与儿子再次见面,“我”很高兴,也很激动。scared“害怕的”;shocked“震惊的”;thrilled“激动的”;ashamed“羞愧的”。故选C项。
4.C　根据句意可知,“我”到达了拜伦湾——我们相约见面的地方。talk“谈论”;stay“停留”;meet“见面”;settle“定居”。故选C项。5.A　根据句意可知,此处表示:海湾沐浴着阳光。bathed“沐浴的”;clean“干净的”;deep“深的”;formed“成形的”。故选A项。6.B　根据上文的“around 150m off the shore”可知,有一群玩皮划艇的人离海岸大约150米。渐渐地靠近了,“我”才意识到一艘皮划艇处于危险之中。故B项符合题意。7.A　be in trouble为固定短语,意为“处于危险之中”。8.B　根据语境可知,此处表示“我”发现了异常。real“正确的”;right“正常的”;fair“公平的”;fit“合适的”。故选B项。
9.C　根据上文的“took off”及下文的“into the water”可知,此处表示“我”潜入水中,故选C项。10.D　根据上下文可知,两位教练在皮划艇上,皮划艇中间横躺着一个人,这个人摇晃得很厉害。argue“争论”;fight“斗争”;shout“大声喊叫”;shake“摇动”。11.C　“我”与其中一位教练联手,帮忙把这个人从水中抬出来,故选C项。lead“带领”;persuade“说服”;carry“搬运”;keep“保持”。12.B　此处sth. occur to sb.是固定搭配,意为“某人突然想起某事”,故选B项。
13.D　根据后文可知,这个小男孩正是“我”的儿子,因此,当“我”看到他的眼睛时,会感到似曾相识,故选D项。sharp“锋利的”;pleasant“令人愉快的”;attractive“有吸引力的”;familiar“熟悉的”。14.D　当“我”询问了这个小男孩的名字后,“我”知道他就是“我”的儿子!故此处D项符合句意。15.A　根据后文的“well enough”可知,最后儿子康复了,这是很幸运地。fortunately“幸运地”;frankly“坦白地”;sadly“悲伤地”;suddenly“突然地”。故选A项。16.D　根据上文的“stay in hospital”可知,现在儿子康复了,准许出院了,即可以离开了,故选D项。
17.B　根据后文可知,此处表示儿子郑重地向“我”致谢,因此,应该是转向“我”,故选B项。18.C　纵观全文可知,“我”跳入水中,救了儿子,故选C项。19.A　“我”救儿子一事,整件事情的发生实属巧合,故选A项。coincidence“巧合”;change“改变”;pity“遗憾”;pain“疼痛,努力”。20.B　根据句意可知,“我”非常高兴能够及时帮助儿子。on board“在船上”;in time“及时”;for sure“确实”;on purpose“有目的地”。故选B项。
【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①jump at the idea 迫不及待地接受这个想法②more than that不仅如此③international grandmaster 国际大师④mean business 认真,当真⑤make it clear that...说明清楚,表明……⑥hard-earned adj.来之不易的⑦call for an ambulance叫救护车⑧meet up for dinner 聚在一起吃晚饭
Unit 6
A(2018全国Ⅲ)When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person,we usually say “sorry,　1　number!”and move on.But when Dennis Williams　2　a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him,he did something　3　. On March 19,Dennis got a group text　4　him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital,waiting for the　5　of a baby. 
“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,” Dennis　6　.The baby was born and update texts were　7　quickly from the overjoyed grandmother,Teresa.In her　8　,she didn’t seem to realize that she was　9　the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.“Well,I don’t　10　you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,” replied Dennis before asking which room the new　11　were in. Much to the family’s surprise,Dennis stuck to his　12　! He turned up at the hospital　13　gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.Lindsey’s husband was totally　14　by the unexpected visit.“I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we　15　it and the gifts.” 
Teresa　16　a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website　17　by the touching words:“What a　18　this young man was to our family! He was so　19　and kind to do this.” The post has since gained the　20　of social media users all over the world,receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days. 
1.A.unlucky B.secretC.new D.wrong2.A.received B.translatedC.copied D.printed3.A.reasonable B.specialC.necessary D.practical4.A.convincing B.remindingC.informing D.warning5.A.wake-up B.recoveryC.growth D.arrival
6.A.responded B.interruptedC.predicted D.repeated7.A.coming in B.setting outC.passing down D.moving around8.A.opinion B.anxietyC.excitement D.effort9.A.comparing B.exchangingC.discussing D.sharing10.A.accept B.knowC.believe D.bother
11.A.parents B.doctorsC.patients D.visitors12.A.dream B.promiseC.agenda D.principle13.A.bearing B.collectingC.opening D.making14.A.discouraged B.relaxedC.astonished D.defeated15.A.admit B.needC.appreciate D.expect
16.A.found B.selectedC.developed D.posted17.A.confirmed B.simplifiedC.clarified D.accompanied18.A.pity B.blessingC.relief D.problem19.A.smart B.calmC.sweet D.fair20.A.sympathy B.attentionC.control D.trust
【语篇导读】无论我们是否彼此相识,承诺永远都是不变的信仰。丹尼斯和一家陌生人之间发生的故事就告诉我们什么叫做“一诺千金”。1.D　由上文可知,多数人收到未知号码发来的手机短信时往往第一反应都会说“抱歉,号码错误!”,再由下文第三段“But I think someone was mistaken”中的mistaken“错误的,搞错的,误解的”可知,答案为D项。2.A　A项“收到,接到”;B项“翻译”;C项“拷贝,模仿,抄写”;D项“打印,印刷”。该段首句及第二段首句中均用到动词get,在此为“接到,收到”短信之意,所以答案为A项。
3.B　A项“合情合理的”;B项“特别的,特殊的”;C项“必要的,必须的”;D项“实际的,实践的,实用的”。由后文内容可知,丹尼斯收到陌生号码发来的短信,没有像别人一样忽略,而是回复并祝贺对方,还承诺到医院去看望陌生人一家。他做了别人通常不会做的事情,所以选择B项。4.C　A项“使……相信,使……信服”;B项“提醒,使……想起”;C项“通知,告知”;D项“警告,警示”。短信的功能就是告知信息,所以答案为C项。句意:3月19日,丹尼斯收到了一条群发短信,告诉他一对他并不认识的夫妻正在医院等待婴儿的出生。5.D　A项“醒来”;B项“恢复,痊愈”;C项“生长,成长”;D项“抵达,到达,来到,降临”。由第三段中的“The baby was born...”可知,陌生人一家在等待婴儿的降生,所以选择D项。
6.A　A项“回复,回答”;B项“打断,中断”;C项“预测,预料”;D项“重复”。由前文“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken”可知,丹尼斯回复了这条陌生人发来的短信,所以答案为A项。7.A　A项“进来,到达”;B项“动身,出发”;C项“流传”;D项“走来走去”。由下文“she didn’t seem to realize...the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.”可知,这位欣喜的祖母给丹尼斯的新短信很快地发送过来,答案为A项。8.C　A项“观点,看法”;B项“焦虑,焦急”;C项“兴奋,激动”;D项“努力”。由该段前文中的“overjoyed(万分高兴的,欣喜若狂的)”可知,答案为C项。句意:特蕾莎处于兴奋状态,并没有意识到她正在和一位完全陌生的人分享孩子的照片。
9.D　A项“比较”;B项“交流,交换”;C项“讨论”;D项“分享”。发送短信和图片,通过这种方式一起分享幸福和快乐,所以答案为D项。10.B　由第二段中的“a couple he didn’t know”可知,丹尼斯和对方一家人并不认识,所以答案为B项。 11.A　由空前面的“new”及第二段中的“a couple”可知,这里指的是丹尼斯没来得及问清楚这对新父母在哪个房间,所以答案为A项。12.B　A项“梦想”;B项“诺言,承诺”;C项“议程,一览表”;D项“准则,原则”。由上一段中的“I will get there to take pictures with the baby”及该段中的“He turned up at the hospital...”可知,丹尼斯向对方做出了承诺,并履行了自己的诺言,所以答案为B项。
13.A　A项“忍受,生育,携带”;B项“收集,募集”;C项“打开,开放,张开”;D项“制作,生产”。由后文的“gifts”可知,丹尼斯到医院看望这一家人,还带了礼物,所以答案为A项。14.C　A项“泄气的,灰心的,气馁的”;B项“放松的,自由的”;C项“惊讶的”;D项“被击败的,被战胜的”。由该空后面的“unexpected(意想不到的,始料不及的)”可知,答案为C项。句意:Lindsey的丈夫对这位“不速之客”的到来感到非常意外。15.C　A项“承认,接纳”;B项“需要”;C项“欣赏,感激”;D项“期待,料想”。这一家人对丹尼斯的到来自然是非常感激,所以答案为C项。
16.D　A项“发现,找到”;B项“选择”;C项“发展,形成”;D项“张贴,邮寄,发布,宣布”。由后面的“on a social networking website”可知,特蕾莎把这次邂逅的照片发布在某个社交网站上,所以答案为D项。17.D　A项“确认,批准,证实”;B项“简化”;C项“净化,澄清”;D项“陪伴,伴奏,附加,补充”。由后文可知,特蕾莎不仅在社交网站上发布了照片,而且还附上了一些感人的文字,所以答案为D项。18.B　A项“怜悯,同情”;B项“祝福,好事,福分”;C项“宽慰,解除,减轻”;D项“问题”。句意:这个年轻人为我们一家人带来多好的福气啊!根据句意可知答案为B项。
19.C　A项“聪明的,机灵的”;B项“冷静的,镇定的”;C项“甜的,愉快的,温柔的,亲切的,贴心的”;D项“公平的,晴朗的,美丽的”。丹尼斯不仅兑现承诺来看望这一家人,而且还带了礼物,因此这一家人觉得他亲切、贴心和善良,所以答案为C项。 20.B　A项“同情,怜悯”;B项“关注,注意力”;C项“控制”;D项“信任”。由后文内容可知,这件事引发了全世界社交媒体用户的关注,三天内就收获了超过184,000次分享和61,500次点赞,所以答案为B项。
B(2018浙江)We have all heard how time is more valuable than money,but is it 　1　 to have too much time? I 　2　 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 　3　 a team sport.By the time I got home,I only had a few hours to do my homework,and I had to do it 　4　. 
When I got into college,things 　5　.I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.Because of all this 　6　 time,there was no sense of 　7　 to do my school work immediately.I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a 　8　.Once that happened,I just kept 　9　 my studying further and further back in my day.Then I got to the point where I was 　10　 really late at night to get my work done. 
One day I 　11　 a former classmate of mine who was 　12　 a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was 　13　,I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline full-time.He said without the job,he would 　14　 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 　15　.He said that if he 　16　 the job,he would lose his 　17　 to work and succeed. So,try 　18　 your time with other work.This is why there is a 　19　 that if you want something done,ask a 　20　 person to do it. 
1.A.true B.fairC.strange D.possible2.A.remember B.admitC.understand D.expect3.A.watched B.lovedC.coached D.played4.A.at last B.right awayC.of course D.as usual5.A.happened B.repeatedC.changed D.mattered
6.A.extra B.difficultC.valuable D.limited7.A.duty B.achievementC.urgency D.direction8.A.burden B.reliefC.risk D.habit9.A.pushing B.takingC.setting D.calling10.A.hanging out B.staying upC.jogging round D.showing off
11.A.met B.helpedC.treated D.hired12.A.raising B.wastingC.demanding D.making13.A.safe B.importantC.boring D.rewarding14.A.luckily B.hardlyC.hopefully D.simply15.A.childhood B.collegeC.town D.business
16.A.quit B.foundC.accepted D.kept17.A.heart B.chanceC.drive D.way18.A.saving B.filling upC.giving up D.trading19.A.message B.storyC.saying D.fact20.A.careful B.busyC.reliable D.kind
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。时间比金钱珍贵,但是我们可能拥有太多的时间吗?作者把高中生活与大学生活做比较,把自己的生活与老同学的生活做比较,最后用一句谚语做总结:要想效率高,就要将事情交给忙人做。1.D　我们都知道时间比金钱珍贵的道理,但是我们可能拥有太多的时间吗?根据句意可知,D项符合语境。true“真正的”;fair“公平的”;strange“奇怪的”;possible“可能的”。2.A　根据下文的时态及语境可知,此处指“我”开始回忆高中生活。remember back是固定搭配,意为“回想”,符合句意,故选A项。3.D　根据上下文可知,除了学习,“我”还参加团队运动。watch“观看”;love“喜爱”;coach“训练”;play“参加比赛”,故D项更符合句意。
4.B　根据前面的“only”可知,“我”仅剩下一点时间可以做作业,因此,“我”不得不马上完成。at last“最后”;right away“马上”;of course“当然”;as usual“像往常一样”,故选B项。5.C　根据下文的“suddenly”可知,当“我”进入了大学,事情发生了改变。happen“发生”;repeat“重复”;change“改变”;matter“要紧”。故选C项。6.A　根据上文及后文的“waiting until”可知,“我”步入大学后,情况发生了变化,时间比高中增多。extra意为“额外的”,故选A项。7.C　根据句意可知,因为所有这些额外的时间,导致“我”对学业没有紧迫感。duty“职责”;achievement“成就”;urgency“紧迫”;direction“方向”,故选C项。
8.D　根据后文可知,“我”一直在等待,直到后来变成了一个习惯。burden“负担”;relief“解除”;risk“危险”;habit“习惯”。故选D项。9.A　根据下文的“further and further”可知,此处表示“我”越来越懒散,不断地把我的学习推得越来越晚。故选A项。10.B　根据句意及下文的“late at night”可知,此处表示“我”熬夜直到完成工作,stay up是固定短语,意为“熬夜”,故选B项。hang out“闲逛”;jog round“慢跑”;show off“炫耀”。11.A　根据后文可知,“我”与老同学只是相遇,并无其他“帮助”,“款待”或“雇佣”之意,故选A项。
12.D　根据后文的“running a sideline(副业)”及“succeed”可知,老同学事业有成,开创了副业,赚了许多钱。make a lot of money是固定短语,意为“赚了很多钱”,故选D项。13.C　根据后文可知,“我”询问老同学为什么不全心全意只做副业,据此可以推断,此处意为“他的工作很枯燥无味”,故选C项。14.D　根据句意及后文的“and would just do”可知,如果没有这份工作,他会有太多的时间,只会做“我”在大学里做过的事情。此处的simply与just相呼应,故选D项。15.B　参见上题解析。
16.A　根据句意及后文的“lose”可知,此处意为“假如辞职,他就会失去工作与成功的动力”。quit意为“放弃”,故选A项。17.C　参见上题解析。heart“心脏”;chance“机会”;drive“驱动力”;way“方法”。故选C项。18.B　根据上文可知,此处表示“我”建议大家要让工作占满自己的时间,save“节省”;fill up“填充”;give up“放弃”;trade“交易”。故选B项。19.C　根据下文的“if you want something done,ask a 　20　 person to do it”可知,此处是一句谚语,故选C项。 20.B　要想效率高,就要将事情交给忙人做。根据句意及全文内容可知,B项更符合句意。careful“仔细的”;busy“繁忙的”;reliable“可靠的”;kind“仁慈的”。
【帮你拓知识】核心知识,词块记忆①be intended for...打算为……所用②in one’s excitement 某人兴奋地③stick to one’s promise 坚守某人的承诺④gain the attention of...引起……的关注⑤no sense of urgency 没有紧迫感⑥perform the action of 做……动作⑦a former classmate 一位从前的同学⑧run a sideline经营副业⑨There is a saying that...有这样一种说法……⑩lose one’s drive to do sth失去做某事的动力⑪fill up one’s time填满某人的时间⑫lose one’s heart to do sth倾心于做某事
本课结束
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