语法填空40分钟专练01 冲刺2022年高考英语阅读理解名校模拟题重组练

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冲刺2022年高考 语法填空专训（一）语法填空——先题点·再题型 1.动词考查的题目数量：一般有3～5个，且空格处在句中，有提示词。2．动词考查的类型：作谓语的动词和作非谓语的动词。(1)谓语动词的考查形式：时态和语态。有时需要考虑主谓一致。(2)非谓语动词的考查形式：现在分词，过去分词，动词不定式。(3)非谓语动词的考查频率：作定语>作状语>作表语>作宾语>作主语>作宾语补足语。高考状元传经验1.看到提示词为动词，要明确考查动词的时态、语态还是非谓语动词。2．看到句子缺少谓语动词，则括号中的动词就是谓语动词。3．看到句中已有谓语动词，又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，则该动词就是非谓语动词。注意：既不是谓语也不是非谓语时，要考虑词性转换。   [2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles'  song “The Long and Winding Road”.  56.________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57.________ (human) are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 58.________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is  that  the colder the temperature gets, the 59.________ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn' t it? But that's how nature is — always leaving us 60.________ (astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 61.________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 62.________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63.________ (ache) legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 64.________ (I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 65.________ must to visit! 第一讲　介、冠、代、连词　奇招出击　横扫自由填空题第一节　介词、冠词和代词  冠词解题攻略•第一步：确定是否填冠词：首先，分析句子结构，看空格后是否有名词；•第二步：判断特指还是泛指：①看空格后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；②若发现空格后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；③看看是否是固定搭配典例印证[典例]　[2021·全国卷乙]Due to ________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel，various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.分析：第一步：确定填冠词。分析句子成分可知，空处有名词popularity。第二步：判断特指还是泛指。考查冠词。名词popularity后有定语，故其前应用定冠词the表特指，the growing popularity of...“……的日益流行”。 自主解答：________ 典例导引1.[2021·江西省重点中学盟校第一次联考]Chinese scientists have created the world's first light-based quantum (量子) computer, called Jiuzhang. It's ________ breakthrough in the field after Google completed its quantum computer last year.2．[2020·浙江1月卷]A child born in the US today has ________ very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.3．[2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ] While you're in China，Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit！4.[2021·沈阳市质量监测三]After more than 600 years of development, ________ handcraft of Beijing glassware has been passed down to the seventh generation.5．[2021·银川一中、昆明一中联合模拟卷]A collector of antiques saw the bowl at the sale, paid $35 for the bowl and later emailed information and photos to Sotheby's asking for ________ estimate of its value.6．[2021·蚌埠二中高三模拟卷]Online shopping was invented and pioneered by Michael Aldrich in ________ U．K. in 1979, while the Japanese operated the first modern high-speed rail in 1964.7．[2021·湖南长郡中学第五次模拟]In old age, Mrs. Johnson became ________ most celebrated of the small excellent group of black women who at midcentury served as mathematicians for the space agency.8.[2021·全国甲卷]It took us about 3 hours to go all ________ way around the Xi'an City Wall.9．[2021·西安中学第二次仿真]China is a country with a vast territory. In the great historical continuum (连续体), it has developed ________ large variety of traditional housing with distinctly regional features.10．[2021·江西省红色七校第二次联考]The data is expected to give ________ full picture of the population. It provides support for making national development policies.11．[2021·山东省日照市5月联考]Scientists have exposed that around two-fifths of the world's plants are at risk of extinction. A top botanist, Professor Alexandre Antonelli, said, “We are living in ________ age of extinction.”12．[2021·攀枝花市第二次统考]In a sometimes callous (冷漠的) world where people can be so focused on what they're doing, a random act of kindness can make ________ difference. 快捷思维1.不定冠词a/an分析句子结构， 发现空格后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an。用不定冠词a/an的常考点：①泛指一类人与物，表示“一”概念；②在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。 2.定冠词the分析句子结构， 发现空格后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the。用定冠词the的常考点：①特指某人或某事；②用在序数词或最高级前或有only, very, same 等修饰的名词前；③用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前；④用在乐器名词前；⑤用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。 3.固定搭配中的冠词固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前用冠词(1)定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：at the same time, on the contrary，to tell the truth, in the distance, make the most/best of, on the spot等。(2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：catch a cold, have a fever,  all of a sudden, as a matter of fact，as a result, have a gift for， make a living, give sb. a lift，have a good knowledge of等。(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位。如何填代词•第一步：确定是否填代词：首先，分析句子结构，发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时， 应考虑用it；•第二步：判断是否指代上文中提到的人或物：分析句子结构， 发现指代上文中所提到的人或物时， 应考虑用相应的代词。典例印证[典例]　[2021·广东省模拟二]It was worth it, though. I still have that golden headdress, as ________ reminds me of those unforgettable days.分析：第一步：确定填代词。分析句子成分可知，空处指代上文中所提到的物。第二步：判断代词的形式。句意：但这是值得的。我仍然留着那个金色的头饰，因为它让我想起了那些难忘的日子。分析句子，根据句意可知，此处连词as后应用代词it作主语，指前面的事物that golden headdress。自主解答：________ 典例导引1.[2021·南宁市第一次适应性测试]By helping them, I can improve ________  own understanding, and this will be beneficial to my study, she explained.2．[2021·唐山市三模]After becoming an internet hit, DingZhen served as the local tourism ambassador and filmed “The World of DingZhen” to speak for his hometown. The film soon brought ________ into people's vision.3．[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using ________ every day.4．[2021·南宁市第一次适应性测试]Shi Yan, chief of the Liaoning University of TCM, says he supports international students to participate in such activities, which will help ________ combine knowledge together with culture.5.[2021·长郡中学第五次适应性考试]But ________ was not only her sex that kept her long marginalized and long unsung.6．[2021·沈阳市质量监测三]The history of Beijing glassware dates back to the early Ming Dynasty. ________ is said that when people smelted (熔炼) bronze, they discovered that some waste materials could form beautiful colors.7．[2021·福建省惠安一中模拟]Every new year in the heartland of industrial China thousands upon thousands of motorcyclists brave the weather and hit the road, determined to make ________ home.8．[2018·浙江6月卷]Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ________ can be to eat out. 快捷思维1.句意清，指代明无提示词类填空， 当句中缺少主语或宾语时， 一般要填代词， 主要包括不定代词和it。①如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作主语，可根据代指的情况用he，she或者it。②如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作宾语，可根据代指的情况用him，her或者it。③如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作主语，填they。④如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作宾语，填them。 2.it的用法①指代天气、时间、距离等②代替上文提到过的事物③分析句子结构， 发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时， 应考虑it。④it的常用固定句型·It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分·It＋be＋形容词＋of/for sb.to do sth.·It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth.·hate/like/enjoy it that ...讨厌/喜欢……·when it comes to ...当谈到……·as sb. puts it正如某人所言·make it成功 如何判断填介词解题攻略•第一步：确定是否填介词：首先，分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时， 其前面一般是填介词。•第二步：根据句意及固定搭配判断填介词：分析句子结构， 发现空格放在名词前后时， 应考虑名词与介词的搭配；分析句子结构， 发现空格放在不及物动词后名词前时， 应考虑动词与介词的搭配；分析句子结构， 发现空格放在形容词后名词前时， 应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。典例印证[典例]　[2021·浙江卷1月]The study found that between 1985 and 2017，average rural BMI increased ________ 2.1 in women and men.分析：第一步：确定填介词。分析句子成分可知，此处考查动词与介词的搭配。第二步：判断代词的形式。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年，农村地区女性和男性的平均体重指数增加了2.1。此处表示升高的幅度，故用介词by。自主解答：________ 典例导引1.[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ________ earth，Mother Nature.2．[2020·新高考卷Ⅰ]Museums must compete ________ people's spare time and money with other amusements.3．[2021·山东省日照市5月校际联考]We would not be able to survive without plants and fungi — all life depends on them. Every time we lose a species, we lose an opportunity ________ humankind.4.[2021·新乡市三模]Some species live ________ cold, humid caves in the Pyrenees, the Alps and the Balkan Peninsula, forming a narrow band across Europe.5．[2020·浙江1月高考]This aging of the population is driven ________ two factors.6．[2021·江西省重点中学盟校联考]With advantages ________ traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range of applications.7．[2019·浙江6月]But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ________ this question is not clear.8．[2021·安徽省合肥市第三次质量检测]The celebration includes congratulations  ________ students, recommending outstanding teachers, the exchange of ideas among teachers, and so on.9．[2021·厦门双十中学二模]Masterpieces such as Along the River During the Qingming Festival were projected on the roofs, giving visitors a feeling like walking ________ time.10．[2021·汕头市一模]Within the sleeper carriage, ________ little else to do, people talk or play cards, and soon a small community develops among the passengers.11．[2019·全国卷Ⅰ]Modern methods ________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.12.[2021·山西太原押宝题]During the Grain Buds period, summer harvest is ________ to begin.13．[2021·银川一中、昆明一中联考卷]Two experts from Sotheby's confirmed the bowl was from the 1400s when they were able to look at it ________ person.14．[2021·南昌市二模]Over the last two months, several great apes at the San Diego Zoo have received an experimental animal COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗), because they are most ________ risk and can be easily vaccinated.15．[2021·厦门市第二次质量检测]In Singapore there's no better place to find Chinese medicines than in Chinatown — a colorful and lively place, rich __________ Chinese culture and history.16．[2021·大连市二模]The opening of FAST not only offers more observation possibilities to the world's scientific community but also contributes Chinese wisdom ________ building a community of shared future for humanity.17．[2021·陕西省模拟一]Morgan says that it is time that people stopped standing by and recording on their phones when they see someone ________ trouble.18．[2021·咸阳市模拟一]The point is to consider your own personal preferences and listen ________ your heart, personal needs and career goals—then you will find the best option for you.19．[2021·蚌埠市第四次质量检查]According to satellite monitoring results, the increase of vegetation in China accounted ________ 25 percent of the world's total new greenery. 快捷思维1.句意明，辨成分① 锁定“________＋名词/ 动名词”模式， 且名词或动名词不作主语、表语， 也不作动词的宾语， 此时要考虑填介词。② 锁定“谓语动词＋________”模式， 大多数情况下需要填介词。③锁定“形容词＋________＋名词”模式，考虑形容词与介词的搭配。 2.介词多义看语境(1)表示时间的in, on, at①in表示在某段较长的时间内(如世纪、年代、月份等)或泛指上午、下午、晚上等。②on表示在具体的日子或具体的某一天的上午、下午、晚上等。③at表示某个时间点、时刻等。 (2)表示方位的through和across①through表示“从……的内部穿过”。 ②across表示“从……表面穿过”。(3)表示交通方式的by和on/in①by后可直接跟涉及交通工具的单数名词，名词前不加冠词。②on/in后跟交通工具时，名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。(4)表示“用……”的by, in, with①by指“靠……手段，用……方法，凭借……”，后可接名词、代词或动名词。②in多用于表示语言、材料的名词前。③with多用于表示工具或身体器官的名词前。(5)of 表示所属关系，“……的”“of＋n.”相当于该名词对应的形容词 3.依据句式和搭配填介词(1)与动词搭配， 如：remind sb. of sth.　　　 提醒某人某事；rob sb. of sth.      抢劫某人某物；go back to/ date from   追溯至；exchange ... for ...     交换……；come about      发生；run out of       用完；account for      占……比例； 说明……的原因(2)与名词或代词搭配，如：by accident      偶然；in trouble       陷入困境，陷入麻烦；in spite of       尽管，虽然；in turn       依次，转而；in return       作为报答；at risk       处于危险中；on board       乘(飞机、船)；on average      平均(3)与形容词搭配，如：be curious about     对……感到好奇；be proud of      因……而自豪；be rich in       在……方面丰富   Test 1[2021·昆明市“三诊一模”质量检测]At present, the take-out industry has become a popular consumption pattern. Apart from 1.________ (buy) food from take-out stores, consumers can order food at different times and in multiple places 2.________ the help of the network. While we tend to think of take-out food as something originating in the modern era (时代) as a result of our “too busy to prepare my own meal” lifestyle, the 3.________ (true) is quite the opposite.The concept of take-out food can be traced back to both ancient Greece and ancient Rome. In the ancient Greco-Roman world, eating at home was highly 4.________ (usual) for poor people. Because these people could not afford a private kitchen in their house to cook meals for 5.________ (they), they had to buy 6.________ (prepare) food from market and roadside stalls. Thus, 7.________ was called “thermopolium” came into being. The word thermopolium literally meant “a place where something hot 8.________ (sell)” at that time. It was either an ancient form of a take-out restaurant 9.________ an outdoor service counter that offered ready-to-eat food.Over the years, archaeologists have 10.________ (constant) discovered a number of thermopolia in Pomeii and Herculaneum, two towns that were destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. In one thermopolium, the remains of cloth bags containing around one thousand coins were discovered, certainly showing the popularity of the establishment.Test 2[2021·广州市综合测试一]A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people around the globe. Worldwide, three cups of tea 1.________ (consume) for every cup of coffee. To 2.________ (full) appreciate the ancient roots of the drink, a visit to the China National Tea Museum might be in order. The institution has a long history.3．________ (locate)in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a parklike setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the story of tea, its ceremonies (仪式) and its tools. Records of tea drinking date as far back as to the 4.________ (ten) century B．C. in China. Originally the leaves were baked into a brick, a part of 5.________ could be broken off and made into a powder (粉末). Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it 6.________ (acquire) loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption 7.________ art form.The art of tea extended to its fancy containers, which are 8.________ display at the museum. Gracefully rounded kettles date back 5，000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have beautiful simplicity. Today 9.________ (visit) can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough 10.________ (change) even the most passionate coffee drinkers. 语法填空题组练(一)Test 1[2021·临沂市高三二模]Chinese silk is one of China's contributions to the world, and its history stretches back to 3 630 BC. Mainly produced in the south of the Yangtze River Delta, about 150 000 000 tons of silk is produced 1.________ (annual) in China. It accounts 2.________ 78% of the world's silk production. Silk garments were worn by emperors and royalty before, 3.________ were the symbol of status at that time. The methods of silk production 4.________ (consider) such a closely guarded secret that people could be threatened with death whoever revealed it.Made from the protein fibers of the silkworm cocoon, silk is one of the most delicately woven 5.________ (product) in the world. Silk moths lay around 500 eggs during their lifespan of four to six days. Fed a diet of leaves in a controlled environment, the silkworms grow 6.________ (fast) in weight than before after the eggs hatch. After storing up enough energy, they surround 7.________ (they) with fibers of a white jelly­like substance.A Qipao is 8.________ unique silk souvenir you might wish to buy. It became popular in Shanghai before World War Ⅱ. Easy to slip on and comfortable 9.________ (wear), Qipao fits well the female Chinese figure and it is a Chinese one­piece dress 10.________ (feature) a high neck, close fit, and straight skirt with a high slit on one or both sides.Test 2[2021·德州市第一次练兵考试]The total ticket sales of the Chinese comedy film, Hi, Mom,  had topped 4.27 billion yuan by the evening of Tuesday, 1.________ (it) 12th screening day. According to the China Movie Data Information Network, 2.________ (hit) this milestone also meant Hi, Mom will become the fourth 3.________ (high) of the all­time box office chart covering all films ever 4.________ (screen) in China. The top three earners on the chart are the action­adventure film Wolf Warrior 2, Ne Zha, and the sci­fi movie The Wandering Earth. It ranked first in 5.________ audience­satisfaction survey covering all the films released during the week­long Spring Festival holiday.The film stars Jia Ling as a devoted daughter, who deeply saddened by her mother's death in an accident, 6.________ (find) herself transported back to 1981, 7.________ she meets her mother and attempts to improve the latter's fate by using ideas from the future.Hi, Mom, which Jia described as a tribute to her real­life mother who passed away 8.________ (tragic) around two decades ago, brought many 9.________ (view) to tears. It also sparked online conversations on the topic of mother­daughter affection, 10.________ people sharing old photos of their own mothers at a young age.Test 3[2021·济宁市高三模拟]China speed is amazing the world. While other countries are struggling to make high­speed railway a reality, the China Railway Corporation 1.________ (busy) itself in laying down over 25 000 km of high­speed tracks over the past ten years—accounting for roughly two 2.________ (three)  of the world's total length of high­speed rail lines.Up to now, China has built the largest high­speed rail network worldwide. The 3.________ (impact) go well beyond the railway sector. It also includes changed patterns of urban development, increases in tourism, and growth of regional economy. 4.________ (boost) regional integration and economic  growth, plans for high­speed maglev (磁悬浮) lines with trains traveling 5.________ a speed of 600 kph or more are taking shape in more Chinese cities.“China started operating its first maglev railway more than a decade ago. Nevertheless, for lack of critical technologies at that time, we only concentrated on conventional high­speed rail，” said Sun Zhang, 6.________ is a leading railway specialist. But the research team 7.________ (lead) by him, tried their best to learn advanced technologies from foreign countries and eventually developed our own innovations, greatly 8.________ (transform)  our way of life.There is no denying that all of these achievements make our travel convenient and 9.________ (rely),  especially during “Chunyun”， 10.________ annual test on the China's transportation system. Thanks to “China speed”， people can go back home for reunions with families and friends in time.Test 4[2021·南京市、盐城市高三二模]Chinese weddings are as much about the happy couples as they are about their respective families. The weddings are 1.________ (impress) affairs that focus on blessings of happiness. The date of the wedding ceremony is chosen not 2.________ chance.  Many couples carefully choose a favorable date 3.________ (bring) success to their marriage. The ceremony can last anywhere from four hours to three days, 4.________ depends on how many Chinese wedding traditions are observed.The Chinese wedding invitation is 5.________ (typical) red with a golden Double Happiness symbol, dates for the wedding and names of the bride and bridegroom 6.________ (include) inside.While Chinese wedding traditions have modernized and no longer involve a large procession, the journey to pick up the bride 7.________ (be) still a lively affair. It can involve 8.________ use of firecrackers, playings of drums and gongs, or even a lion dance.Another vital tradition, the Chinese tea ceremony (Jing Cha), 9.________ (perform) at Chinese weddings to show the new couple's respect, gratitude, and 10.________ (appreciate) for their parents' love, support, and effort in raising them. A red tea set with a Double Happiness symbol is used for the tea ceremony.