人教版新高考英语一轮复习Science and Scientists 科学与科学家

这是一份人教版新高考英语一轮复习Science and Scientists 科学与科学家，共5页。
[1]考点规范练30　Science and Scientists 科学与科学家Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.This kind of virus can cause severe damage 　　　　　　our health. 2.Any 　　　　　　(intervene) by her in the debate on immigration would be unhelpful. 3.Being exposed to these surroundings will increase the risk of 　　　　　　(infect). 4.The air is 　　　　　　　　　　(pure) in the countryside than in the city. 5.The number of visitors to the museum this month is 　　　　　　the decrease as a result of the cold weather. Ⅱ.选词填空attend to　thanks to　subscribe to　once and for all　in general　so that　be determined to 　be linked to be infected with　come down1.Mary 　　　　　　　　　　　　work hard to improve her spoken English. 2.Tom takes a part-time job after class 　　　　　　　　　　　　he can help to support his family. 3.All the scientists present at the conference 　　　　　　　　　the view that global warming is mainly due to the burning of fossil fuels. 4.The nurses are busy 　　　　　　　　　the patients in the hospital. 5.The incident 　　　　　　　　　　　　the carelessness of the operator. 6.This is a crucial year for your relationships 　　　　　　　　　　　　and your love life in particular. 7.I think I’m 　　　　　　　　　with flu. 8.We must take practical actions if we want to solve the problem　　　　　　　　　. 9.　　　　　　　　　 your timely help, we got over the trouble and achieved our goal. 10.Those who 　　　　　　　　the disease are treated effectively in the local hospital. Ⅲ.金句默写1.后来, 他成为一位名医, 甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。　　　　　　　　　, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even 　　　　　　　　　　　　Queen Victoria 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  2.斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。Snow suspected that the water pump 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。Perhaps 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 4.大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹、只能通过电脑来说话的样子。Most people 　　　　　　　　　images of him in his wheelchair, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 5.他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力, 他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。Since he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of 　　　　　　　　　　　　. Ⅳ.阅读理解(2020·四川成都高三一诊)Han Tianheng picked up a carving knife at the age of 6 and never put it down. Today, the artist, one of China’s most respected living masters of seal carving(印章雕刻), calligraphy and Chinese painting, still remembers the incident the first time he held a knife in his hand.“I cut my thumb badly and was horrified by the bloody sight,” he said, adding that his mother applied ashes because she couldn’t afford to take him to a hospital. The cut left a scar, which is still clear today. The difficulties didn’t set him back. Instead, it aroused his passion for the ancient art form. He was determined to pursue a path that would lead to a career in seal carving. The journey of art exploration was a little bumpy for the young man in his quest for excellence, and his seal works were harshly criticised by a famous old painter. Most would have crumbled(崩溃) under the criticism, not Han. It made him even more determined. After six months’ hard work, he visited the painter again. “This time, he asked me to carve a seal for him. This was positive affirmation,” Han said.“Praise and criticism are what an artist should learn to handle all his life. Praise is candy and criticism is medicine. We can live without candy, but cannot live without medicine when ill.” Han rose to fame during the early 1960s, famous for bird and insect seal art. Han’s seals are an essential ending part on the paintings of a long list of well-established artists. “A seal for a good painting is like the buttons for an haute couture(高档女子时装). An experienced tailor always knows how to choose buttons that matches the whole style,” Han said.“A good seal carver should keep his own style, and at the same time go well with the painting’s style,” Han said.1.What influence did the incident have on Han when he was six?A.He got injured very seriously.B.He learned how to use a knife.C.It aroused his interest in seal carving.D.It helped him learn how hard life was.2.Which best describes Han’s journey of art exploration? A.Smooth and fruitful.B.Inspiring and lucky.C.Boring but worthwhile.D.Tough but rewarding.3.In Han’s opinion, what do an experienced tailor and a good seal carver share?A.The huge respect they earn.B.The flexibility they display at work.C.The targeted customers they serve.D.The efforts they have to make to succeed.4.In which section of a newspaper does this text most probably appear?A.Education.　　　　　　　　 B.Events.C.Entertainment.  D.People.Ⅴ.阅读表达What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in biotechnology. With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and war. Today’s leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories. In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometimes between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs (The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so on—in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones). It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future. 1.What are the present major killers according to the author? (no more than 10 words)                                                                                                                                                  2.What does the underlined word “revolution” mean in paragraph 1? (no more than 2 words)                                                                                                                                                  3.How can humans live longer in the future? (no more than 10 words)                                                                                                                                                  4.Why are scientists sure that the life of cells cannot go much beyond 120 years? (no more than 20 words)                                                                                                                                                  5.If humans can live longer in the future, do you think it is bad or good for the society? (no more than 20 words)                                                                                                                                                  Ⅵ.书面表达假定你是李华, 你的朋友Jenny向你询问如何保持健康。请你给她发一封邮件提些建议。内容要点如下:1.注意合理饮食。多吃鱼、肉、豆类等, 特别是新鲜蔬菜和水果, 不要吃太多甜食;2.注意锻炼身体。劳逸结合, 多参加体育运动;3.保证充足的睡眠。不要熬夜, 每天至少睡8个小时。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好, 不计入总词数。Dear Jenny, How nice to hear from you! In your letter, you asked me how to keep healthy.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Best wishes.Yours, Li Hua 答案：Ⅰ.1.to　2.intervention　3.infection　4.more pure　5.onⅡ.1.is determined to　2.so that　3.subscribe to　4.attending to　5.was linked to　6.in general　7.coming down　8.once and for all　9.Thanks to　10.are infected withⅢ.1.In time; attended to; when she gave birth　2.was to blame　3.no other scientist has had a greater impact on　4.are familiar with; unable to move; using a computer to talk　5.came down with a disease; abstract thoughtⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述的是一个热爱印章雕刻艺术的人的传奇经历, 介绍了他走上印章雕刻艺术之路的起因以及追求艺术巅峰的崎岖经历。1.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Instead, it aroused his passion for the ancient art form. He was determined to pursue a path that would lead to a career in seal carving.” 可知, 这次事件并没有吓到韩, 反而激发了他对印章雕刻的热爱, 决心要追求这条艺术之路。故选C项。2.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “The journey of art exploration was a little bumpy for the young man in his quest for excellence, and his seal works were harshly criticised by a famous old painter.”可知, 韩的艺术探索之旅比较崎岖, 而且受到了著名老艺术家的批评, 但是最终证明这一切都是值得的, 所以他的艺术探索之路艰辛但是很值得。故选D项。3.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 “‘...An experienced tailor always knows how to choose buttons that matches the whole style,’ Han said.” 可知, 一个有经验的老裁缝一直都懂得如何选取纽扣且匹配完美, 由此可知, 灵活性是关键。故选B项。4.D　文章出处题。本文描述的是一个热爱印章雕刻艺术的人的传奇经历, 是属于人物专栏中的内容, 所以应该是出自人物介绍板块。故选D项。Ⅴ.1.Heart disease, cancer and aging. 2.Great change. 3.Human organs can be repaired by new medicine.Or: By repairing human organs with new medicine.Or: By taking medicine to repair their organs. 4.Because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. 5.I think it is good for the society because we can have a long time to enjoy our wonderful life.Or: I think it is bad for the society because it can lead to overpopulation. Ⅵ.Dear Jenny,  How nice to hear from you! In your letter, you asked me how to keep healthy. I would like to give you some advice. As you know, we teenagers grow very fast, so we need plenty of nutritious food,such as fish, meat and beans, especially fresh vegetables and fruit. You’d better not eat too much sweet. Also, you should take physical exercise regularly instead of studying in the classroom all the time. For example, you can play basketball or swim after school. What’s more, having enough sleep is very important. So I advise you to have at least eight hours of sleep every day and not to stay up too late. Only in this way can you keep healthy.Best wishes. Yours,Li Hua[1]