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英语外研版 (2019)Unit 4 Breaking boundaries练习
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这是一份英语外研版 (2019)Unit 4 Breaking boundaries练习，共31页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
1.Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?
A.It entertains yung parents.
B.It prvides serius advertisements.
C.It publishes ppular science fictins.
D.It cmbines fun with cmplex cncepts.
2.What des TOKNOW ffer its readers?
A.Online curses.
B.Articles n new tpics.
C.Lectures n a balanced life.
D.Reprts n scientific discveries.
3.Hw much shuld yu pay if yu make a 12-mnth subscriptin t TOKNOW with gift pack frm China?
A.￡55. B.￡60. C.￡65. D.￡70.
B
I was sure that I was t be killed. I became terribly nervus. I fumbled (胡乱摸找) in my pckets t see if there was any cigarette, which had escaped their search. I fund ne and because f my shaking hands, I culd barely get it t my lips. But I had n matches. They had taken thse. I lked thrugh the bars at the guard. He did nt make eye cntact with me. I called ut t him, “Have yu gt a light?” He lked at me, shrugged and came ver t light my cigarette. As he came clse and lit the match, his eyes uncnsciusly lcked with mine. At that mment, I smiled. I didn't knw why I did that. Perhaps it was nervusness;perhaps it was because, when yu gt very clse t ne anther, it was very hard nt t smile. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as thugh a spark jumped acrss the gap between ur tw hearts, ur tw human suls. I knew he didn't want t, but my smile leaped thrugh the bars and caused a smile n his lips, t. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, lking at me directly in the eye and cntinuing t smile.
I kept smiling at him, thinking f him as a persn and nt just a guard. “D yu have kids?” he asked. “Yes, here, here,” I tk ut my wallet and nervusly fumbled fr the pictures f my family. He, t, tk ut the pictures f his family and began t talk abut his plans and hpes fr them. My eyes filled with tears. I said I feared that I'd never see my family again, and never have the chance t see them grw up. Tears came t his eyes, t. Suddenly, withut anther wrd, he unlcked my cell and silently led me ut. Out f the prisn, quietly and by a back rute. At the edge f that twn, he released me. And withut anther wrd, he turned back tward the prisn.
4.What had happened t the man befre?
A.He had been badly treated.
B.He had killed smene.
C.He had been searched.
D.He had been frbidden t get in tuch with anyne.
5.Why did the man want t smke cigarettes?
A.Because he was sure he was t be killed.
B.Because he wanted t ease his nervusness.
C.Because he wanted t talk t the guard.
D.Because he was used t smking cigarettes.
6.Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A.The man was a heavy smker.
B.The man smiled t please the guard.
C.The guard set the man free with permissin.
D.The man hadn't thught the guard wuld set him free.
7.What d yu think actually saved the man's life?
A.The smile. B.The cigarette.
C.The tears. D.The wallet.
C
In 1802, 31-year-ld Beethven paced thrugh the cuntryside arund Vienna. Rays f sunshine pierced thrugh the trees, the hard sil crunched beneath his feet and birds cnducted their wn rchestra. But Beethven wasn't amazed at these details. Sme years earlier, he had started t lse his hearing. He still persevered with his wrk, and went n creating timeless music. But he fund little jy in the prcess.
Tday, 466 millin peple wrldwide have disabling hearing lss, and ver 900 millin are expected t have it by 2050, accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin. Its impact is ften underestimated cmpared with ther disabilities, and peple with hearing lss cnstantly experience cmmunicatin difficulties in their everyday lives. They ften mishear the speech and find it very difficult t fllw cnversatins. The miscmmunicatin can lead individuals t feel islated as they struggle t take part in scial interactins, and ultimately lead them t withdraw frm sciety. As Helen Keller nce wrte:Blindness cuts us ff frm things, but deafness cuts us ff frm peple.
T this day, there is still n cure fr sensrineural(感觉神经性的) hearing lss (the mst cmmn type, and the ne Beethven had). We have advanced technlgical devices that strengthen the sund, such as hearing aids and cchlear implants(人工耳蜗), but these still dn't restre hearing. Scientists have been studying the regeneratin prcess f hair cells in nn-mammals, and they have identified varius genes and prteins that have central rles. These can be targeted t stimulate supprt cells in the cchlea t create mre hair cells and replace thse that died. Sme f these cell therapies have been successful in restring the hearing f mice and guinea pigs: a breakthrugh! If it wrks, such a scientific advance culd transfrm hearing health care.
When Beethven lst his hearing, he separated himself frm sciety, but ne thing that gave him strength was the hpe that his hearing culd be regained ne day. But each medical remedy he attempted failed. In 1802, he wrte:But thinking that fr six years nw, I have been hpelessly afflicted, made wrse by senseless physicians, frm year t year cheated by hpes f imprvement,and finally frced t face a lasting disease(whse cure will take years r perhaps be impssible).
8.What des the first paragraph serve as?
A.An intrductin.
B.A backgrund.
C.A cmment.
D.An explanatin.
9.What is the main idea f the secnd paragraph?
A.We all shuld give a hand t the disabled.
B.The difficulties the deaf in the wrld are facing.
C.There are many peple ging thrugh hardship.
D.Helen Keller and Beethven have the same prblem.
10.What makes the authr feel relieved accrding t the passage?
A.The deaf are ptimistic abut their lives.
B.Science and technlgy are vital fr the wrld.
C.The deaf are always inspired by the famus.
D.Technlgy is helping the deaf find a slutin.
11.What is the best title fr the passage?
A.Thanks t yur dream!
B.Everything is pssible
C.Beethven's dream
D.I have a dream
D
The new crnavirus is the latest example f a disease that jumped frm animals int humans. When infectins d this they can be deadly—and COVID-19 is n exceptin.
Many viruses that jump int peple, like MERS, seldm spread frm persn t persn. They can still infect thusands, thugh; rabies(狂犬病) is mstly passed n by dg bites, but kills 60,000 peple a year. Others, such as Ebla, can spread frm persn t persn, but aren't very gd at it and s cause relatively small utbreaks. COVID-19, by cntrast, appears quite gd at spreading frm persn t persn. While we dn't knw hw deadly it is, Chris Cleman, a prfessr at the University f Nttingham, the UK, says, “It's nt the mst deadly crnavirus we've ever had.”
T trace the new virus's rigins, researchers have been cmparing its genme t that f ther crnaviruses. This shwed that it pssibly derives frm a strain that infects bats. “It's highly related t bat crnaviruses,” says Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami at the University f Califrnia, Ls Angeles. This makes sense as bats are knwn t harbur many viruses, including crnaviruses. Viral infectins are especially likely t spread amng bats as they can fly lng distances and rst clse t each ther. Bats als seem able t carry infectins withut getting ill, which helps spread the viruses.
The new crnavirus might have jumped frm bats int anther animal a few mnths r even a few decades ag, and then frm that intermediate hst int humans. We knw that the crnavirus behind the SARS utbreak f 2002 t 2003 spread frm bats int palm civets(狸猫) befre infecting peple.
Viruses that nrmally circulate amng peple can gradually becme less lethal, as this helps them spread. “They dn't want yu t drp dead within a day because yu wn't pass it t anyne else,” says Chris Cleman.
Cleman thinks there is little we can d t stp peple cming int cntact with animals that may carry dangerus viruses. “It's very difficult t cntrl that,” he says. Instead, he says we need t have vaccines ready in advance. This culd mean creating vaccines that are effective against a wide range f viruses r vaccines that require nly minr tweaks t wrk against a new viral strain, much like annual flu vaccines.
12.What's the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A.The intermediate hst f viruses.
B.The mde f virus transmissin.
C.The utbreak f the deadly COVID-19.
D.The serius cnsequence f COVID-19.
13.Why des the authr mentin SARS in the text?
A.T supprt an idea.
B.T study virus infectins.
C.T trace the crnavirus's rigins.
D.T map the new virus's genme.
14.What's the meaning f the underlined wrd “lethal”?
A.Cmplicated. B.Active.
C.Healthy. D.Deadly.
15.Accrding t Cleman, what d we need t d t fight against viruses?
A.Seek right medicine fr each virus.
B.Develp widely applicable vaccines.
C.Get away frm animals carrying viruses.
D.Prevent viruses spreading amng peple.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning abut ther cultures is an invaluable experience. Gaining an understanding f ther cultures benefits bth yu and ther peple by deepening yur understanding f hw different peple are. 16 Yu can d research via the Internet r the lcal library, get t knw ther cultures in yur cmmunity, and travel whenever pssible.
Read nline news surces. 17 Subscribe t newspapers frm that culture nline t knw mre abut what they are reading. Brwse websites with data n entertainment, utings, plitics, r trends.
Fllw scial media abut yur chsen culture. A great thing abut the Internet is that it has made the wrld smaller and mre accessible than ever. 18 Fllwing peple r rganizatins frm ther cultures n scial media is a great way t directly learn frm that culture abut things like their values and fashin.
Ask questins nline. There are plenty f ways t ask members f a culture questins abut that culture nline directly. Take a lk at lcal cmmunities and frums that accept questins r cnversatins. 19
Lk up YuTube vides. YuTube is anther frm f scial media that allws passive watching r interactin. There are many channels n YuTube dedicated t a specific culture r sme aspects f a culture. 20 Type int the YuTube search bar things such as “Learn abut French culture” r “What d peple in India cmmnly eat?”. Many YuTube channels talk abut subjects like news, histry, r gender nrms. Search fr vides with a specific subject in mind.
A.Pst a questin and wait fr a respnse.
B.Chse culture yu wuld like t learn mre abut.
C.Ask what daily life is like in their culture.
D.There are many ways t attain knwledge abut ther cultures.
E.Ask what the majr hlidays are like there, and hw they celebrate them.
F.Often, these vides are prduced by peple that cme frm that culture, r knw a lt abut it.
G.Yu can find peple frm cultures all arund the wrld n Facebk, Twitter, Instagram, etc.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There came Bryan's favrite game time. He sat back n the sfa and began t 21 . As Bryan was playing, his mm walked thrugh the rm t see what he was ding. “Dn't let the vide game turn yu int a cuch ptat,” Mm said. Bryan didn't reply and 22 his eyes n the flashing televisin screen. He gripped (紧抓) his cntrller and pushed the buttns hard.
Sn, Bryan's 23 began t hurt. He was having truble mving his fingers. Bryan tried t stretch ut his hands, 24 it felt like his fingers just wanted t curl back arund the cntrller. Bryan 25 back int the cuch. It was s cmfrtable that he felt like he was sinking deeper int the cushins (靠垫). He felt a little thirsty, but it wuld be t much truble t get up and 26 the game. Then Bryan thught abut 27 Mm had said. Was his bdy really becming part f the cuch? He tried t cncentrate 28 his back and legs t feel where his bdy ended and the cuch began, but he 29 feel much f anything at all.
Bryan lked dwn at his hands. They felt stiff nw, and it seemed like they were stuck arund the cntrller. Bryan felt 30 .Culd he really be turning int a vide game cntrller? Wuld he just disappear int the cuch befre supper? Suddenly, Bryan 31 the cntrller and made himself stand up. He stretched his arms up tward the ceiling and then reached his hands dwn t tuch his tes. His bdy tingled (感到刺痛) as he mved.
Bryan ran t the kitchen t tell his mm what had happened. “Well, at least we knw that vide games haven't 32 yur mind,” Mm said. She smiled, but Bryan still felt very serius. “I think I shuld take a break frm vide games and g utside 33 ,” said Bryan. And that was just what he did.
That day Bryan gt a 34 . It's wise t make playing vide games a way f relaxatin and keep a balance between vide games and suitable exercise. Otherwise a man will end up with a cuch ptat, r even, a 35 f vide games.
B.watch C.play D.write
B.left C.kept D.clsed
B.head C.eyes D.neck
B.s C.but D.until
B.walked C.lked D.settled
B.pause C.start D.run
B.which C.hw D.what
B.with C.frm D.t
't B.mustn't
C.wuldn't D.culdn't
B.disappinted
C.excited D.angry
B.bserved C.designed D.drpped
B.pened C.relaxed D.read
B.t C.instead D.still
B.lessn C.belief D.challenge
B.slave C.master D.lser
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Abraham Lincln's psitin n slavery is ne f 36 mst discussed aspects f his life. Starting in 1831, a grwing grup f ablitinists(废奴主义者) called fr ttal, immediate ablitin f slavery. Lincln never called fr this, and fcused instead 37 the less plitically 38 (challenge) gal f preventing the 39 (create) f new slave states. Lincln's activism n that issue started in reactin t the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act, 40 (design) by his great rival(对手)Stephen A.Duglas. The Act allwed the settlers 41 (decide) n slavery in their territry.
Lincln, with partial cmpensatin t wners, did end slavery in the District f Clumbia in 1862.During 1861—1862 Lincln tried unsuccessfully t get Kentucky and Maryland t d likewise. He 42 (repeated)stated that his gal was the preservatin (保护) f the Unin, nt ending slavery in the states 43 it existed.
On January 1, 1863, Lincln used his rle as cmmander-in-chief t issue The Emancipatin Prclamatin. It made all 44 (slave) in Cnfederate areas frever free under the U.S. law as sn as the U.S. army reached them—and it reached all f them by 1865. Final ablitin in the brder states 45 (achieve)later that year.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
某英文报纸《伟人介绍》栏目向你约稿。假如你崇拜的人是 Nelsn Mandela,请根据下表提示写一篇英语短文,简要介绍这个人物。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Cmputer Science Career Opprtunities
Cmputer scientists and engineers cntinue t be in great demand. As businesses everywhere use increasingly sphisticated and cmplex cmputer technlgy in their daily peratins, there is a greater need fr the expertise f highly-skilled prfessinals. As a result, there are mre jbs created in the U.S. than transferred ffshre.
In fact, gd jbs—ffering a high salary, interesting wrk and benefits—are plentiful in the cmputer science field. Hwever, t btain ne, yu will need t cmplete a minimum f a bachelr's degree in the subject area. Mst clleges and universities ffer degrees in cmputer science and cmputer engineering, and Cabrill Cllege curses transfer t the majrity f them.
Once yu have cmpleted yur degree in cmputer science, a typical career path is sftware develpment. The U.S. Department f Labr lists sftware develpers amng the fastest grwing ccupatins in the U.S. The mst recent study predicts that sftware develper jbs will grw by 24.0% natinally in the ten-year perid ending in 2026.By cmparisn, the average jb grwth rate fr all ccupatins is 7.4% fr the same perid. In Califrnia, jbs fr sftware develpers, applicatins are expected t increase by 40.1%, between 2016 and 2026, far exceeding the average rate fr all ccupatins f 10.7%.
Because f the high demand fr jb candidates with a cmputer science backgrund, careers in cmputer science-related fields are well-remunerated. The average starting salary fr a new cmputer science graduate is ver $72,000 per year natinally, while the median salary fr all sftware develpers and prgrammers is ver $103,000 annually. By cmparisn, the median salary fr all ccupatins is $50,516 per year. Thus, as a cmputer science graduate, yu can expect t make mre than twice the salary f mst ccupatins.
答案全解全析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。题材为广告类。介绍了TOKNOW杂志的内容以及订阅须知。
1.D 细节理解题。根据Inspiring yung minds!中的bringing a unique cmbinatin f challenging ideas and gd fun t yung fans以及What is s special abut TOKNOW Magazine?中的TOKNOW makes cmplex ideas attractive and accessible t children可知,TOKNOW杂志的独特性在于它将一些复杂的概念与乐趣结合起来,便于儿童读者理解,故选D项。
2.B 细节理解题。根据What's inside?中的Every mnth the magazine intrduces a fresh new tpic with articles...可知,TOKNOW提供给读者关于新鲜话题的文章。
3.D 细节理解题。解题关键在于认真审题,抓住题干中的关键信息with gift pack frm China。由Annual Subscriptin with Gift Pack下的信息可知,带有礼包的年度订阅费用为:Eurpe ￡60 Rest f Wrld ￡70,故答案为D项。
【高频词汇】 1.hit n.很受欢迎的人(或事物);打击
2.challenging adj.挑战性的;考验能力的 3.attractive adj.吸引人的;令人愉快的 4.accessible adj.容易理解的;可使用的
5.becme/be invlved in参与;关注
长难句分析
原句 TOKNOW makes cmplex ideas attractive and accessible t children, wh can becme invlved in advanced cncepts and even philsphy(哲学)—and they will sn discver that TOKNOW feels mre like a club than just a magazine.
分析 本句中关系代词wh引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词children;破折号后的句子中含有一个that引导的宾语从句。
句意 TOKNOW使复杂的观点对儿童们有吸引力和易于他们理解,儿童们便能参与到一些高级的理念,甚至是哲学中去。他们将很快发现,TOKNOW感觉更像是一个俱乐部,而不仅是一本杂志。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章以作者参加西班牙内战打击法西斯分子为背景,讲述了自己不幸被敌人俘获,原以为自己即将死去,没想到一个微笑拯救了自己的生命的故事。
4.C 推理判断题。由文章第一段第三句I fumbled(胡乱摸找) in my pckets t see if there was any cigarette, which had escaped their search.可推知,作者翻遍了口袋,想找到一支没被他们搜走的香烟,故可推断,作者之前被人搜过身。A、B、D三个选项文中并未提及相关信息。故选C项。
5.B 推理判断题。由文章第一段可推知,作者想到自己很快就要没命了,不禁陷入极端惶恐,于是想点一支烟,释放自己紧张的情绪,故选B项。
6.D 细节理解题。由文章第二段中Suddenly, withut anther wrd, he unlcked my cell and silently led me ut. Out f the prisn, quietly and by a back rute.可知,警卫一语不发地打开了牢门,悄悄地带他从后面的小路逃离了监狱。所以,作者根本没有想到警卫会把自己放走。A项在文中没有提到;作者向警卫微笑并不是出于取悦他,而是出于某种说不出的原因,因此可以排除B项;警卫未经允许就释放了作者,因此可以排除C项。故选D项。
7.A 推理判断题。由文章第一段中In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as thugh a spark jumped acrss the gap between ur tw hearts, ur tw human suls.可推知,不管怎样,作者笑了。在那一刹那间,这抹微笑如同火花般打破了他们心灵间的隔阂。第二段主要讲述的是微笑拉近了他们之间的距离,通过简短的谈话,彼此产生了共鸣,最后警卫把作者放走了,都足以证明微笑拯救了作者的生命。B项“香烟”,C项“眼泪”和D项“钱包”都不符合文意。故选A项。
【高频词汇】 1.make eye cntact with sb.与某人进行目光接触
2.uncnsciusly adv.无意地 3.in any case不管怎样 4.unlck v.(用钥匙)开……的锁 5.release v.释放;放走
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作者从介绍贝多芬面临的失聪问题展开,说到当今世界上有很多和他一样失聪的人,值得庆幸的是,随着科技的发展,他们正在享受科技进步带给他们的产品。
8.A 推理判断题。第一段主要介绍的是贝多芬,事实上他代表的是一个特殊的群体——失聪者。作者使用这个名人的例子就是为了引出下文,本段是全文的引子,故选A。intrductin引言;序言;backgrund背景;cmment评论;explanatin解释;说明。
9.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段可知,当前全球范围内,4.66亿人口有听觉损耗问题,而与其他的特殊群体比较,这个群体容易被忽略。作者从不同的角度介绍了失聪者在生活中遭遇的困难,还用海伦·凯勒的话总结了他们面临的困难,所以本段主要强调的是当前失聪者面临的困难。本题易误选C项,该项没有明确的人群指向,与本段中心不符合。
10.D 推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句至最后一句可知,科学家们一直在致力于研究解决失聪问题的方法,D项表述与之吻合。本题易误选B项,B项表述正确,但是本项中的 fr the wrld与本文文意不吻合,文章强调的是科技对失聪者的重要性。
11.C 主旨大意题。文章以贝多芬失聪的例子引出下文,贝多芬代表的是一个特殊的群体,那就是失聪者,到目前为止,失聪者的问题还没有得到根本解决,幸运的是,科学技术在一点点帮助他们解决问题。作者相信最终有一天贝多芬的梦想会实现,也就是所有失聪者的梦想都会实现,故C项适合作为文章标题。
【高频词汇】 1.cnduct v.指挥(音乐、管弦乐队、合唱团等);组织,实施 2.persevere v.坚持 3.cmpared with与……相比较
4.cnstantly adv.不断地;一直地 5.withdraw v.脱离(社会);撤离 使……与……隔开;使……与……分离
长难句分析
原句 When Beethven lst his hearing, he separated himself frm sciety, but ne thing that gave him strength was the hpe that his hearing culd be regained ne day.
分析 本句是由but连接的并列复合句。在第一个分句中,When引导时间状语从句;在第二个分句中,第一个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词ne thing,并在从句中作主语,that his hearing culd be regained ne day是同位语从句,解释名词hpe。
句意 当贝多芬失聪的时候,他把自己和社会隔离开来,但是给他力量的一件事就是他的希望,这个希望就是有一天他的听力会恢复。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了冠状病毒疾病的传播方式,分析推测了新型冠状病毒的自然宿主,提出了今后抗击病毒的方法。
12.B 段落大意题。根据第二段中的Many viruses that jump int peple,like MERS,seldm spread frm persn t , such as Ebla,can ,by cntrast,appears quite gd at spreading可知,该段主要讲述病毒疾病的传播方式。故选B项。
13.A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段可以看出,该段首先提出观点“这种新型冠状病毒可能在几个月甚至几十年前就从蝙蝠身上转移到了另一种动物身上,然后再从中间宿主转移到人类身上”,然后作者以SARS为例证明其观点。B项“研究病毒感染”、C项“追踪冠状病毒的起源”和D项“绘制新病毒的基因组”偏离了作者的意图。故选A项。
14.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词前后内容可知,病毒可以进化得不那么致命,因为这有助于它们传播,它们不希望你在一天之内就死掉,因为这样你就不能把病毒传给其他人了。 deadly意为“致命的”,符合文意。cmplicated复杂的;active积极的;healthy健康的。
15.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Instead,he says we need flu vaccines.可知,Cleman认为我们需要研发广泛适用的疫苗来抗击病毒。故选择B项。A项“为每种病毒寻找合适的药物”,曲解文意,Cleman认为需研发广泛适用的疫苗;C项“远离携带病毒的动物”,曲解文意,Cleman认为这种方式很难;D项“防止病毒在人群中传播”,无中生有,文章没有谈及这方面的信息。因此排除A、C、D项。
【高频词汇】 1.deadly adj.致命的 2.by cntrast相比之下
将……与……进行比较 4.in advance提前 5.effective adj.有效果的
长难句分析
原句 While we dn't knw hw deadly it is, Chris Cleman, a prfessr at the University f Nttingham, the UK, says, “It's nt the mst deadly crnavirus we've ever had.”
分析 此句是一个主从复合句。句中While引导让步状语从句,从句中hw引导宾语从句;主句中,Chris Cleman为主语,a prfessr at the University f Nttingham, the UK为同位语,says为谓语,It's nt the mst deadly crnavirus we've ever had为直接引语,引语中we've ever had为定语从句,修饰先行词 crnavirus,省略了关系代词that。
句意 虽然我们不知道它有多致命,但英国诺丁汉大学的Chris Cleman教授说:“它不是我们经历过的最致命的冠状病毒。”
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。学习其他文化是一种极其宝贵的体验。了解其他文化对你和其他人都有好处。本文介绍了了解其他文化的一些方法与途径。
16.D 根据本段第一句Learning abut ther cultures is an invaluable experience.可知,本段谈论的是了解其他文化的话题,由设空处后一句介绍几种了解其他文化的途径可知D项“获取有关其他文化的知识有很多途径”符合语境。
17.B 设空处后一句中的that culture指代的是B选项中的“你想要了解更多的文化”,且B选项中的Chse culture与第三段首句中的yur chsen culture相呼应。
18.G G项中的Facebk, Twitter, Instagram和本段首句中的scial media是相呼应的,本段主要讲的是社交媒体,故G项符合语境。
19.A 本段主要是建议在网上问一些问题。故A项“发布问题并等待答复”符合语境。本题容易错选C项或者E项,因为这两项中都有Ask,很容易造成错选。但是做此题时需要看上一句,由设空处前一句“看看当地社区和接受问题或对话的论坛”可知,看完这些之后应该发布问题等待其他人的答复。C项中的 their不符合逻辑;同时E项“问问那里的主要节日是什么样的以及他们是如何庆祝的”谈到具体问什么问题,是不符合逻辑的。
20.F 根据本段第一句Lk up YuTube vides.可知, YuTube是一个视频网站,F项中的these vides(这些视频)与YuTube vides相呼应。故选F项。
【高频词汇】 1.invaluable adj.无价的;极宝贵的 2.benefit v.使受益 n.优势;益处 3.accessible adj.容易理解的;可使用的
4.specific adj.特定的,明确的
长难句分析
原句 Subscribe t newspapers frm that culture nline t knw mre abut what they are reading.
分析 本句是祈使句。 t knw mre abut what they are reading是不定式短语作目的状语,同时what引导的从句作 abut的宾语。
句意 在网上订阅来自那种文化的报纸,以了解更多他们正在阅读的内容。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bryan打游戏上瘾后的遭遇。经过挣扎,Bryan摆脱了电子游戏,并得出结论:把打游戏当作放松的方式,并且能平衡打游戏和锻炼身体才是明智之举。
21.C eat吃;watch看;play玩;write写。根据下文可知Bryan正在玩,结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。
22.C 句意:Bryan没有回答,还是盯着闪烁的电视屏幕。mve移动;leave离开;keep保持;clse关闭。结合句意可知此处考查短语keep ne's eyes n,意为“注视,盯着”。故选C。
23.A 句意:很快,Bryan的手开始疼痛。hand手;head头;eye眼睛;neck脖子。根据下文He was having truble mving his fingers.以及Bryan lked dwn at his hands. They felt stiff nw可知他难以移动自己的手指,而且现在手都僵硬了。由此可知他的手开始疼痛。故选A。
24.C 设空处前表示Bryan尽力展开手掌,设空处后表示好像他的手指只想要卷曲回握住控制器。r或者;s因此;but但是;until直到……为止。根据上下文意可知,此处表转折,故选项C符合语境。
25.D turn转身;walk散步,行走;lk看;settle使处于舒适的位置。此处表示“Bryan舒适地靠着沙发背坐下”,故选D。
26.B 句意:他感觉有点渴,但是停下游戏站起来对他来说太困难了。sell卖;pause停顿;start开始;run跑。根据句意可知此处指停下游戏去喝水。选项B符合语境。
27.D 句意:随后,Bryan想到了妈妈说过的话。where哪里;which哪一个;hw如何;what什么。分析句子可知此处为what引导的宾语从句,what在从句中指代妈妈说的话。故选D。
28.A 分析句子可知此处考查短语cncentrate n,意为“集中注意力于”。故选A。
29.D shuldn't不应该; mustn't禁止;wuldn't不会;culdn't不能。此处表示他什么也不能感觉到。故选D。
30.A 句意:Bryan感到担忧。wrried担忧的;disappinted失望的;excited激动的;angry生气的。根据下文两个问题Culd he really be turning int a vide game cntrller? Wuld he just disappear int the cuch befre supper?可知Bryan有点担心了,结合句意可知此处选项A符合语境。
31.D 句意:突然,Bryan扔掉了控制器,并让自己站了起来。fix使固定,修理;bserve观察,遵守;design设计;drp使落下。根据上文They felt stiff nw, and it seemed like they were stuck arund the cntrller.可知Bryan开始尝试着摆脱控制器,因此选项D符合语境。
32.A ruin毁坏;pen打开;relax放松;read阅读。根据上文Bryan ran t the kitchen t tell his mm what had happened.可知Bryan把自己刚才的遭遇告诉了妈妈,很明显电子游戏给他造成了巨大的伤害,因此此处选项A符合语境。
33.C thugh可是,然而;t也;instead反而,代替;still仍然。此处表示“相反我想我应该停止玩电子游戏出去休息一下”,故选项C符合语境。
34.B 句意:那天Bryan得到了一个教训。desire渴望;lessn教训;belief信念;challenge挑战。根据上下文可知那天的经历对Bryan来说是个教训。故选B。
35.B suspect嫌疑犯;slave奴隶;master主人;lser失败者。结合上文可知Bryan打游戏时间太长以致无法控制自己,几乎就要成为游戏的奴隶。根据语境可知此处选B。
【高频词汇】 1.turn sb. int...将某人变成…… 2.stretch v.伸出;伸长(胳膊,腿) 3.stuck adj.动不了;困(于)
4.relaxatin n.放松;休息
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了林肯和废奴运动。
36.the 考查冠词。句意:亚伯拉罕·林肯对于奴隶制的立场是他一生中被讨论最多的方面之一。此处为“ne f the+最高级”的用法,故填the。
37.n/upn 考查介词。句意:林肯从来没有呼吁过这样(做),而是把注意力集中在不那么具有政治挑战性的目标上,即防止创建新的奴隶州。fcus n/upn是固定搭配,意为“集中(注意力、精力等)于”,故填n/upn。
38.challenging 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词gal,且前有副词修饰,故填形容词challenging。
39.creatin 考查名词。设空处作 preventing 的宾语,且空前有定冠词the修饰,故填名词creatin。
40.designed 考查过去分词。句意:林肯在那个问题上的积极行动开始于对1854年《堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案》的反应,该法案是由他的劲敌Stephen A. Duglas设计的。设空处作后置定语修饰the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act,且 design与the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故填 designed。
41.t decide 考查动词不定式。句意:该法案允许移民者在他们的领土上决定奴隶制的问题。allw sb. t d sth.意为“允许某人做某事”,故填 t decide。
42.repeatedly 考查副词。设空处修饰动词 stated,需用副词,故填 repeatedly。
43.where 考查关系副词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 states,且关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填 where。
44.slaves 考查名词复数。slave是可数名词,根据设空处前面的all可知应用复数形式,故填 slaves。
45.was achieved 考查时态和语态。由时间状语 later that year可知本句应用一般过去时,且设空处在句中作谓语,主语 Final ablitin与 achieve之间是被动关系,故填 was achieved。
【高频词汇】 1.call fr(公开)要求,需求 2.issue n.问题
3.in reactin t作为对……的反应 4.partial adj.部分的 5.as sn as一……就……
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Nelsn Mandela is a wrld-famus her. Brn in 1918, he was the nly ne in his family wh received educatin. He set up the ANC Yuth League, which led black peple t fight fr freedm. In 1962, he was sent t prisn. Althugh Mandela spent 27 years in prisn, he didn't give up fighting. After he was released, he still fught fr the rights f black peple actively. Finally, black peple achieved their dream f being equal t white peple.
As a result f what Mandela did fr black peple, Mandela became the first black president f Suth Africa and wn the Nbel Peace Prize.
第二节
写作指导
1.语篇内容解读
本文是一篇说明文。最近的一项研究预测,软件开发人员的岗位截止到2026年,在十年内将在全国范围内增长24.0%。计算机科学技术职业就业机会多、待遇高,那么怎样才能进入这个行业,有什么要求以及可以获得哪些好处呢? 本文可根据文章内容及结构概括成4个要点。
2.文章脉络分析
3.写作建议
本文以第三人称展开,时态以一般现在时为主。原文要点清晰,只需要用适当的句式对要点进行概括即可。首先确定需要表述的要点内容,然后把握适当句式,接着尽可能多地用高级词汇填充句式,同时注重句子之间的逻辑关系,用恰当的衔接词连接句子,构成一篇短文。要点包含以下几点:科学技术方面需要大量人才;这些人才需要有该领域本科及以上的学位;毕业后可以做软件开发师;有计算机科学背景的人才薪资待遇丰厚,是多数领域工作岗位的两倍多。
One pssible versin:
Nwadays, mre and mre cmputer scientists and engineers are needed.(要点 1) Hwever,it needs a minimum f a bachelr's degree, s peple must get the degree by ging t university which can ffer it. (要点2)After they get the degree, they can get a jb as a sftware develper. (要点3) What's mre, a persn with a cmputer science backgrund get mre than twice the salary f mst jbs. (要点4)
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What is s special abut TOKNOW Magazine?
Well, it has n ads r prmtins inside—instead it is jam-packed with serius ideas. TOKNOW makes cmplex ideas attractive and accessible t children, wh can becme invlved in advanced cncepts and even philsphy(哲学)—and they will sn discver that TOKNOW feels mre like a club than just a magazine.
What's inside?
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主要经历
1.生于1918年,是家中唯一一个受过教育的人;
2.建立 ANC Yuth League;
3.1962年入狱,在监狱中度过27年;
4.争取黑人的权利。
成就
成为南非首位黑人总统,获得了诺贝尔和平奖。
1.D
2.B
3.D
4.C
5.B
6.D
7.A
8.A
9.B
10.D
11.C
12.B
13.A
14.D
15.B
16.D
17.B
18.G
19.A
20.F
21.C
22.C
23.A
24.C
25.D
26.B
27.D
28.A
29.D
30.A
31.D
32.A
33.C
34.B
35.B
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
1.Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?
A.It entertains yung parents.
B.It prvides serius advertisements.
C.It publishes ppular science fictins.
D.It cmbines fun with cmplex cncepts.
2.What des TOKNOW ffer its readers?
A.Online curses.
B.Articles n new tpics.
C.Lectures n a balanced life.
D.Reprts n scientific discveries.
3.Hw much shuld yu pay if yu make a 12-mnth subscriptin t TOKNOW with gift pack frm China?
A.￡55. B.￡60. C.￡65. D.￡70.
B
I was sure that I was t be killed. I became terribly nervus. I fumbled (胡乱摸找) in my pckets t see if there was any cigarette, which had escaped their search. I fund ne and because f my shaking hands, I culd barely get it t my lips. But I had n matches. They had taken thse. I lked thrugh the bars at the guard. He did nt make eye cntact with me. I called ut t him, “Have yu gt a light?” He lked at me, shrugged and came ver t light my cigarette. As he came clse and lit the match, his eyes uncnsciusly lcked with mine. At that mment, I smiled. I didn't knw why I did that. Perhaps it was nervusness;perhaps it was because, when yu gt very clse t ne anther, it was very hard nt t smile. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as thugh a spark jumped acrss the gap between ur tw hearts, ur tw human suls. I knew he didn't want t, but my smile leaped thrugh the bars and caused a smile n his lips, t. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, lking at me directly in the eye and cntinuing t smile.
I kept smiling at him, thinking f him as a persn and nt just a guard. “D yu have kids?” he asked. “Yes, here, here,” I tk ut my wallet and nervusly fumbled fr the pictures f my family. He, t, tk ut the pictures f his family and began t talk abut his plans and hpes fr them. My eyes filled with tears. I said I feared that I'd never see my family again, and never have the chance t see them grw up. Tears came t his eyes, t. Suddenly, withut anther wrd, he unlcked my cell and silently led me ut. Out f the prisn, quietly and by a back rute. At the edge f that twn, he released me. And withut anther wrd, he turned back tward the prisn.
4.What had happened t the man befre?
A.He had been badly treated.
B.He had killed smene.
C.He had been searched.
D.He had been frbidden t get in tuch with anyne.
5.Why did the man want t smke cigarettes?
A.Because he was sure he was t be killed.
B.Because he wanted t ease his nervusness.
C.Because he wanted t talk t the guard.
D.Because he was used t smking cigarettes.
6.Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A.The man was a heavy smker.
B.The man smiled t please the guard.
C.The guard set the man free with permissin.
D.The man hadn't thught the guard wuld set him free.
7.What d yu think actually saved the man's life?
A.The smile. B.The cigarette.
C.The tears. D.The wallet.
C
In 1802, 31-year-ld Beethven paced thrugh the cuntryside arund Vienna. Rays f sunshine pierced thrugh the trees, the hard sil crunched beneath his feet and birds cnducted their wn rchestra. But Beethven wasn't amazed at these details. Sme years earlier, he had started t lse his hearing. He still persevered with his wrk, and went n creating timeless music. But he fund little jy in the prcess.
Tday, 466 millin peple wrldwide have disabling hearing lss, and ver 900 millin are expected t have it by 2050, accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin. Its impact is ften underestimated cmpared with ther disabilities, and peple with hearing lss cnstantly experience cmmunicatin difficulties in their everyday lives. They ften mishear the speech and find it very difficult t fllw cnversatins. The miscmmunicatin can lead individuals t feel islated as they struggle t take part in scial interactins, and ultimately lead them t withdraw frm sciety. As Helen Keller nce wrte:Blindness cuts us ff frm things, but deafness cuts us ff frm peple.
T this day, there is still n cure fr sensrineural(感觉神经性的) hearing lss (the mst cmmn type, and the ne Beethven had). We have advanced technlgical devices that strengthen the sund, such as hearing aids and cchlear implants(人工耳蜗), but these still dn't restre hearing. Scientists have been studying the regeneratin prcess f hair cells in nn-mammals, and they have identified varius genes and prteins that have central rles. These can be targeted t stimulate supprt cells in the cchlea t create mre hair cells and replace thse that died. Sme f these cell therapies have been successful in restring the hearing f mice and guinea pigs: a breakthrugh! If it wrks, such a scientific advance culd transfrm hearing health care.
When Beethven lst his hearing, he separated himself frm sciety, but ne thing that gave him strength was the hpe that his hearing culd be regained ne day. But each medical remedy he attempted failed. In 1802, he wrte:But thinking that fr six years nw, I have been hpelessly afflicted, made wrse by senseless physicians, frm year t year cheated by hpes f imprvement,and finally frced t face a lasting disease(whse cure will take years r perhaps be impssible).
8.What des the first paragraph serve as?
A.An intrductin.
B.A backgrund.
C.A cmment.
D.An explanatin.
9.What is the main idea f the secnd paragraph?
A.We all shuld give a hand t the disabled.
B.The difficulties the deaf in the wrld are facing.
C.There are many peple ging thrugh hardship.
D.Helen Keller and Beethven have the same prblem.
10.What makes the authr feel relieved accrding t the passage?
A.The deaf are ptimistic abut their lives.
B.Science and technlgy are vital fr the wrld.
C.The deaf are always inspired by the famus.
D.Technlgy is helping the deaf find a slutin.
11.What is the best title fr the passage?
A.Thanks t yur dream!
B.Everything is pssible
C.Beethven's dream
D.I have a dream
D
The new crnavirus is the latest example f a disease that jumped frm animals int humans. When infectins d this they can be deadly—and COVID-19 is n exceptin.
Many viruses that jump int peple, like MERS, seldm spread frm persn t persn. They can still infect thusands, thugh; rabies(狂犬病) is mstly passed n by dg bites, but kills 60,000 peple a year. Others, such as Ebla, can spread frm persn t persn, but aren't very gd at it and s cause relatively small utbreaks. COVID-19, by cntrast, appears quite gd at spreading frm persn t persn. While we dn't knw hw deadly it is, Chris Cleman, a prfessr at the University f Nttingham, the UK, says, “It's nt the mst deadly crnavirus we've ever had.”
T trace the new virus's rigins, researchers have been cmparing its genme t that f ther crnaviruses. This shwed that it pssibly derives frm a strain that infects bats. “It's highly related t bat crnaviruses,” says Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami at the University f Califrnia, Ls Angeles. This makes sense as bats are knwn t harbur many viruses, including crnaviruses. Viral infectins are especially likely t spread amng bats as they can fly lng distances and rst clse t each ther. Bats als seem able t carry infectins withut getting ill, which helps spread the viruses.
The new crnavirus might have jumped frm bats int anther animal a few mnths r even a few decades ag, and then frm that intermediate hst int humans. We knw that the crnavirus behind the SARS utbreak f 2002 t 2003 spread frm bats int palm civets(狸猫) befre infecting peple.
Viruses that nrmally circulate amng peple can gradually becme less lethal, as this helps them spread. “They dn't want yu t drp dead within a day because yu wn't pass it t anyne else,” says Chris Cleman.
Cleman thinks there is little we can d t stp peple cming int cntact with animals that may carry dangerus viruses. “It's very difficult t cntrl that,” he says. Instead, he says we need t have vaccines ready in advance. This culd mean creating vaccines that are effective against a wide range f viruses r vaccines that require nly minr tweaks t wrk against a new viral strain, much like annual flu vaccines.
12.What's the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A.The intermediate hst f viruses.
B.The mde f virus transmissin.
C.The utbreak f the deadly COVID-19.
D.The serius cnsequence f COVID-19.
13.Why des the authr mentin SARS in the text?
A.T supprt an idea.
B.T study virus infectins.
C.T trace the crnavirus's rigins.
D.T map the new virus's genme.
14.What's the meaning f the underlined wrd “lethal”?
A.Cmplicated. B.Active.
C.Healthy. D.Deadly.
15.Accrding t Cleman, what d we need t d t fight against viruses?
A.Seek right medicine fr each virus.
B.Develp widely applicable vaccines.
C.Get away frm animals carrying viruses.
D.Prevent viruses spreading amng peple.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning abut ther cultures is an invaluable experience. Gaining an understanding f ther cultures benefits bth yu and ther peple by deepening yur understanding f hw different peple are. 16 Yu can d research via the Internet r the lcal library, get t knw ther cultures in yur cmmunity, and travel whenever pssible.
Read nline news surces. 17 Subscribe t newspapers frm that culture nline t knw mre abut what they are reading. Brwse websites with data n entertainment, utings, plitics, r trends.
Fllw scial media abut yur chsen culture. A great thing abut the Internet is that it has made the wrld smaller and mre accessible than ever. 18 Fllwing peple r rganizatins frm ther cultures n scial media is a great way t directly learn frm that culture abut things like their values and fashin.
Ask questins nline. There are plenty f ways t ask members f a culture questins abut that culture nline directly. Take a lk at lcal cmmunities and frums that accept questins r cnversatins. 19
Lk up YuTube vides. YuTube is anther frm f scial media that allws passive watching r interactin. There are many channels n YuTube dedicated t a specific culture r sme aspects f a culture. 20 Type int the YuTube search bar things such as “Learn abut French culture” r “What d peple in India cmmnly eat?”. Many YuTube channels talk abut subjects like news, histry, r gender nrms. Search fr vides with a specific subject in mind.
A.Pst a questin and wait fr a respnse.
B.Chse culture yu wuld like t learn mre abut.
C.Ask what daily life is like in their culture.
D.There are many ways t attain knwledge abut ther cultures.
E.Ask what the majr hlidays are like there, and hw they celebrate them.
F.Often, these vides are prduced by peple that cme frm that culture, r knw a lt abut it.
G.Yu can find peple frm cultures all arund the wrld n Facebk, Twitter, Instagram, etc.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There came Bryan's favrite game time. He sat back n the sfa and began t 21 . As Bryan was playing, his mm walked thrugh the rm t see what he was ding. “Dn't let the vide game turn yu int a cuch ptat,” Mm said. Bryan didn't reply and 22 his eyes n the flashing televisin screen. He gripped (紧抓) his cntrller and pushed the buttns hard.
Sn, Bryan's 23 began t hurt. He was having truble mving his fingers. Bryan tried t stretch ut his hands, 24 it felt like his fingers just wanted t curl back arund the cntrller. Bryan 25 back int the cuch. It was s cmfrtable that he felt like he was sinking deeper int the cushins (靠垫). He felt a little thirsty, but it wuld be t much truble t get up and 26 the game. Then Bryan thught abut 27 Mm had said. Was his bdy really becming part f the cuch? He tried t cncentrate 28 his back and legs t feel where his bdy ended and the cuch began, but he 29 feel much f anything at all.
Bryan lked dwn at his hands. They felt stiff nw, and it seemed like they were stuck arund the cntrller. Bryan felt 30 .Culd he really be turning int a vide game cntrller? Wuld he just disappear int the cuch befre supper? Suddenly, Bryan 31 the cntrller and made himself stand up. He stretched his arms up tward the ceiling and then reached his hands dwn t tuch his tes. His bdy tingled (感到刺痛) as he mved.
Bryan ran t the kitchen t tell his mm what had happened. “Well, at least we knw that vide games haven't 32 yur mind,” Mm said. She smiled, but Bryan still felt very serius. “I think I shuld take a break frm vide games and g utside 33 ,” said Bryan. And that was just what he did.
That day Bryan gt a 34 . It's wise t make playing vide games a way f relaxatin and keep a balance between vide games and suitable exercise. Otherwise a man will end up with a cuch ptat, r even, a 35 f vide games.
B.watch C.play D.write
B.left C.kept D.clsed
B.head C.eyes D.neck
B.s C.but D.until
B.walked C.lked D.settled
B.pause C.start D.run
B.which C.hw D.what
B.with C.frm D.t
't B.mustn't
C.wuldn't D.culdn't
B.disappinted
C.excited D.angry
B.bserved C.designed D.drpped
B.pened C.relaxed D.read
B.t C.instead D.still
B.lessn C.belief D.challenge
B.slave C.master D.lser
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Abraham Lincln's psitin n slavery is ne f 36 mst discussed aspects f his life. Starting in 1831, a grwing grup f ablitinists(废奴主义者) called fr ttal, immediate ablitin f slavery. Lincln never called fr this, and fcused instead 37 the less plitically 38 (challenge) gal f preventing the 39 (create) f new slave states. Lincln's activism n that issue started in reactin t the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act, 40 (design) by his great rival(对手)Stephen A.Duglas. The Act allwed the settlers 41 (decide) n slavery in their territry.
Lincln, with partial cmpensatin t wners, did end slavery in the District f Clumbia in 1862.During 1861—1862 Lincln tried unsuccessfully t get Kentucky and Maryland t d likewise. He 42 (repeated)stated that his gal was the preservatin (保护) f the Unin, nt ending slavery in the states 43 it existed.
On January 1, 1863, Lincln used his rle as cmmander-in-chief t issue The Emancipatin Prclamatin. It made all 44 (slave) in Cnfederate areas frever free under the U.S. law as sn as the U.S. army reached them—and it reached all f them by 1865. Final ablitin in the brder states 45 (achieve)later that year.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
某英文报纸《伟人介绍》栏目向你约稿。假如你崇拜的人是 Nelsn Mandela,请根据下表提示写一篇英语短文,简要介绍这个人物。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Cmputer Science Career Opprtunities
Cmputer scientists and engineers cntinue t be in great demand. As businesses everywhere use increasingly sphisticated and cmplex cmputer technlgy in their daily peratins, there is a greater need fr the expertise f highly-skilled prfessinals. As a result, there are mre jbs created in the U.S. than transferred ffshre.
In fact, gd jbs—ffering a high salary, interesting wrk and benefits—are plentiful in the cmputer science field. Hwever, t btain ne, yu will need t cmplete a minimum f a bachelr's degree in the subject area. Mst clleges and universities ffer degrees in cmputer science and cmputer engineering, and Cabrill Cllege curses transfer t the majrity f them.
Once yu have cmpleted yur degree in cmputer science, a typical career path is sftware develpment. The U.S. Department f Labr lists sftware develpers amng the fastest grwing ccupatins in the U.S. The mst recent study predicts that sftware develper jbs will grw by 24.0% natinally in the ten-year perid ending in 2026.By cmparisn, the average jb grwth rate fr all ccupatins is 7.4% fr the same perid. In Califrnia, jbs fr sftware develpers, applicatins are expected t increase by 40.1%, between 2016 and 2026, far exceeding the average rate fr all ccupatins f 10.7%.
Because f the high demand fr jb candidates with a cmputer science backgrund, careers in cmputer science-related fields are well-remunerated. The average starting salary fr a new cmputer science graduate is ver $72,000 per year natinally, while the median salary fr all sftware develpers and prgrammers is ver $103,000 annually. By cmparisn, the median salary fr all ccupatins is $50,516 per year. Thus, as a cmputer science graduate, yu can expect t make mre than twice the salary f mst ccupatins.
答案全解全析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。题材为广告类。介绍了TOKNOW杂志的内容以及订阅须知。
1.D 细节理解题。根据Inspiring yung minds!中的bringing a unique cmbinatin f challenging ideas and gd fun t yung fans以及What is s special abut TOKNOW Magazine?中的TOKNOW makes cmplex ideas attractive and accessible t children可知,TOKNOW杂志的独特性在于它将一些复杂的概念与乐趣结合起来,便于儿童读者理解,故选D项。
2.B 细节理解题。根据What's inside?中的Every mnth the magazine intrduces a fresh new tpic with articles...可知,TOKNOW提供给读者关于新鲜话题的文章。
3.D 细节理解题。解题关键在于认真审题,抓住题干中的关键信息with gift pack frm China。由Annual Subscriptin with Gift Pack下的信息可知,带有礼包的年度订阅费用为:Eurpe ￡60 Rest f Wrld ￡70,故答案为D项。
【高频词汇】 1.hit n.很受欢迎的人(或事物);打击
2.challenging adj.挑战性的;考验能力的 3.attractive adj.吸引人的;令人愉快的 4.accessible adj.容易理解的;可使用的
5.becme/be invlved in参与;关注
长难句分析
原句 TOKNOW makes cmplex ideas attractive and accessible t children, wh can becme invlved in advanced cncepts and even philsphy(哲学)—and they will sn discver that TOKNOW feels mre like a club than just a magazine.
分析 本句中关系代词wh引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词children;破折号后的句子中含有一个that引导的宾语从句。
句意 TOKNOW使复杂的观点对儿童们有吸引力和易于他们理解,儿童们便能参与到一些高级的理念,甚至是哲学中去。他们将很快发现,TOKNOW感觉更像是一个俱乐部,而不仅是一本杂志。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章以作者参加西班牙内战打击法西斯分子为背景,讲述了自己不幸被敌人俘获,原以为自己即将死去,没想到一个微笑拯救了自己的生命的故事。
4.C 推理判断题。由文章第一段第三句I fumbled(胡乱摸找) in my pckets t see if there was any cigarette, which had escaped their search.可推知,作者翻遍了口袋,想找到一支没被他们搜走的香烟,故可推断,作者之前被人搜过身。A、B、D三个选项文中并未提及相关信息。故选C项。
5.B 推理判断题。由文章第一段可推知,作者想到自己很快就要没命了,不禁陷入极端惶恐,于是想点一支烟,释放自己紧张的情绪,故选B项。
6.D 细节理解题。由文章第二段中Suddenly, withut anther wrd, he unlcked my cell and silently led me ut. Out f the prisn, quietly and by a back rute.可知,警卫一语不发地打开了牢门,悄悄地带他从后面的小路逃离了监狱。所以,作者根本没有想到警卫会把自己放走。A项在文中没有提到;作者向警卫微笑并不是出于取悦他,而是出于某种说不出的原因,因此可以排除B项;警卫未经允许就释放了作者,因此可以排除C项。故选D项。
7.A 推理判断题。由文章第一段中In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as thugh a spark jumped acrss the gap between ur tw hearts, ur tw human suls.可推知,不管怎样,作者笑了。在那一刹那间,这抹微笑如同火花般打破了他们心灵间的隔阂。第二段主要讲述的是微笑拉近了他们之间的距离,通过简短的谈话,彼此产生了共鸣,最后警卫把作者放走了,都足以证明微笑拯救了作者的生命。B项“香烟”,C项“眼泪”和D项“钱包”都不符合文意。故选A项。
【高频词汇】 1.make eye cntact with sb.与某人进行目光接触
2.uncnsciusly adv.无意地 3.in any case不管怎样 4.unlck v.(用钥匙)开……的锁 5.release v.释放;放走
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。作者从介绍贝多芬面临的失聪问题展开,说到当今世界上有很多和他一样失聪的人,值得庆幸的是,随着科技的发展,他们正在享受科技进步带给他们的产品。
8.A 推理判断题。第一段主要介绍的是贝多芬,事实上他代表的是一个特殊的群体——失聪者。作者使用这个名人的例子就是为了引出下文,本段是全文的引子,故选A。intrductin引言;序言;backgrund背景;cmment评论;explanatin解释;说明。
9.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段可知,当前全球范围内,4.66亿人口有听觉损耗问题,而与其他的特殊群体比较,这个群体容易被忽略。作者从不同的角度介绍了失聪者在生活中遭遇的困难,还用海伦·凯勒的话总结了他们面临的困难,所以本段主要强调的是当前失聪者面临的困难。本题易误选C项,该项没有明确的人群指向,与本段中心不符合。
10.D 推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句至最后一句可知,科学家们一直在致力于研究解决失聪问题的方法,D项表述与之吻合。本题易误选B项,B项表述正确,但是本项中的 fr the wrld与本文文意不吻合,文章强调的是科技对失聪者的重要性。
11.C 主旨大意题。文章以贝多芬失聪的例子引出下文,贝多芬代表的是一个特殊的群体,那就是失聪者,到目前为止,失聪者的问题还没有得到根本解决,幸运的是,科学技术在一点点帮助他们解决问题。作者相信最终有一天贝多芬的梦想会实现,也就是所有失聪者的梦想都会实现,故C项适合作为文章标题。
【高频词汇】 1.cnduct v.指挥(音乐、管弦乐队、合唱团等);组织,实施 2.persevere v.坚持 3.cmpared with与……相比较
4.cnstantly adv.不断地;一直地 5.withdraw v.脱离(社会);撤离 使……与……隔开;使……与……分离
长难句分析
原句 When Beethven lst his hearing, he separated himself frm sciety, but ne thing that gave him strength was the hpe that his hearing culd be regained ne day.
分析 本句是由but连接的并列复合句。在第一个分句中,When引导时间状语从句;在第二个分句中,第一个that引导定语从句,修饰先行词ne thing,并在从句中作主语,that his hearing culd be regained ne day是同位语从句,解释名词hpe。
句意 当贝多芬失聪的时候,他把自己和社会隔离开来,但是给他力量的一件事就是他的希望,这个希望就是有一天他的听力会恢复。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了冠状病毒疾病的传播方式,分析推测了新型冠状病毒的自然宿主,提出了今后抗击病毒的方法。
12.B 段落大意题。根据第二段中的Many viruses that jump int peple,like MERS,seldm spread frm persn t , such as Ebla,can ,by cntrast,appears quite gd at spreading可知,该段主要讲述病毒疾病的传播方式。故选B项。
13.A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段可以看出,该段首先提出观点“这种新型冠状病毒可能在几个月甚至几十年前就从蝙蝠身上转移到了另一种动物身上,然后再从中间宿主转移到人类身上”,然后作者以SARS为例证明其观点。B项“研究病毒感染”、C项“追踪冠状病毒的起源”和D项“绘制新病毒的基因组”偏离了作者的意图。故选A项。
14.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词前后内容可知,病毒可以进化得不那么致命,因为这有助于它们传播,它们不希望你在一天之内就死掉,因为这样你就不能把病毒传给其他人了。 deadly意为“致命的”,符合文意。cmplicated复杂的;active积极的;healthy健康的。
15.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Instead,he says we need flu vaccines.可知,Cleman认为我们需要研发广泛适用的疫苗来抗击病毒。故选择B项。A项“为每种病毒寻找合适的药物”,曲解文意,Cleman认为需研发广泛适用的疫苗;C项“远离携带病毒的动物”,曲解文意,Cleman认为这种方式很难;D项“防止病毒在人群中传播”,无中生有,文章没有谈及这方面的信息。因此排除A、C、D项。
【高频词汇】 1.deadly adj.致命的 2.by cntrast相比之下
将……与……进行比较 4.in advance提前 5.effective adj.有效果的
长难句分析
原句 While we dn't knw hw deadly it is, Chris Cleman, a prfessr at the University f Nttingham, the UK, says, “It's nt the mst deadly crnavirus we've ever had.”
分析 此句是一个主从复合句。句中While引导让步状语从句,从句中hw引导宾语从句;主句中,Chris Cleman为主语,a prfessr at the University f Nttingham, the UK为同位语,says为谓语,It's nt the mst deadly crnavirus we've ever had为直接引语,引语中we've ever had为定语从句,修饰先行词 crnavirus,省略了关系代词that。
句意 虽然我们不知道它有多致命,但英国诺丁汉大学的Chris Cleman教授说:“它不是我们经历过的最致命的冠状病毒。”
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。学习其他文化是一种极其宝贵的体验。了解其他文化对你和其他人都有好处。本文介绍了了解其他文化的一些方法与途径。
16.D 根据本段第一句Learning abut ther cultures is an invaluable experience.可知,本段谈论的是了解其他文化的话题,由设空处后一句介绍几种了解其他文化的途径可知D项“获取有关其他文化的知识有很多途径”符合语境。
17.B 设空处后一句中的that culture指代的是B选项中的“你想要了解更多的文化”,且B选项中的Chse culture与第三段首句中的yur chsen culture相呼应。
18.G G项中的Facebk, Twitter, Instagram和本段首句中的scial media是相呼应的,本段主要讲的是社交媒体,故G项符合语境。
19.A 本段主要是建议在网上问一些问题。故A项“发布问题并等待答复”符合语境。本题容易错选C项或者E项,因为这两项中都有Ask,很容易造成错选。但是做此题时需要看上一句,由设空处前一句“看看当地社区和接受问题或对话的论坛”可知,看完这些之后应该发布问题等待其他人的答复。C项中的 their不符合逻辑;同时E项“问问那里的主要节日是什么样的以及他们是如何庆祝的”谈到具体问什么问题,是不符合逻辑的。
20.F 根据本段第一句Lk up YuTube vides.可知, YuTube是一个视频网站,F项中的these vides(这些视频)与YuTube vides相呼应。故选F项。
【高频词汇】 1.invaluable adj.无价的;极宝贵的 2.benefit v.使受益 n.优势;益处 3.accessible adj.容易理解的;可使用的
4.specific adj.特定的,明确的
长难句分析
原句 Subscribe t newspapers frm that culture nline t knw mre abut what they are reading.
分析 本句是祈使句。 t knw mre abut what they are reading是不定式短语作目的状语,同时what引导的从句作 abut的宾语。
句意 在网上订阅来自那种文化的报纸,以了解更多他们正在阅读的内容。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bryan打游戏上瘾后的遭遇。经过挣扎,Bryan摆脱了电子游戏,并得出结论:把打游戏当作放松的方式,并且能平衡打游戏和锻炼身体才是明智之举。
21.C eat吃;watch看;play玩;write写。根据下文可知Bryan正在玩,结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。
22.C 句意:Bryan没有回答,还是盯着闪烁的电视屏幕。mve移动;leave离开;keep保持;clse关闭。结合句意可知此处考查短语keep ne's eyes n,意为“注视,盯着”。故选C。
23.A 句意:很快,Bryan的手开始疼痛。hand手;head头;eye眼睛;neck脖子。根据下文He was having truble mving his fingers.以及Bryan lked dwn at his hands. They felt stiff nw可知他难以移动自己的手指,而且现在手都僵硬了。由此可知他的手开始疼痛。故选A。
24.C 设空处前表示Bryan尽力展开手掌,设空处后表示好像他的手指只想要卷曲回握住控制器。r或者;s因此;but但是;until直到……为止。根据上下文意可知,此处表转折,故选项C符合语境。
25.D turn转身;walk散步,行走;lk看;settle使处于舒适的位置。此处表示“Bryan舒适地靠着沙发背坐下”,故选D。
26.B 句意:他感觉有点渴,但是停下游戏站起来对他来说太困难了。sell卖;pause停顿;start开始;run跑。根据句意可知此处指停下游戏去喝水。选项B符合语境。
27.D 句意:随后,Bryan想到了妈妈说过的话。where哪里;which哪一个;hw如何;what什么。分析句子可知此处为what引导的宾语从句,what在从句中指代妈妈说的话。故选D。
28.A 分析句子可知此处考查短语cncentrate n,意为“集中注意力于”。故选A。
29.D shuldn't不应该; mustn't禁止;wuldn't不会;culdn't不能。此处表示他什么也不能感觉到。故选D。
30.A 句意:Bryan感到担忧。wrried担忧的;disappinted失望的;excited激动的;angry生气的。根据下文两个问题Culd he really be turning int a vide game cntrller? Wuld he just disappear int the cuch befre supper?可知Bryan有点担心了,结合句意可知此处选项A符合语境。
31.D 句意:突然,Bryan扔掉了控制器,并让自己站了起来。fix使固定,修理;bserve观察,遵守;design设计;drp使落下。根据上文They felt stiff nw, and it seemed like they were stuck arund the cntrller.可知Bryan开始尝试着摆脱控制器,因此选项D符合语境。
32.A ruin毁坏;pen打开;relax放松;read阅读。根据上文Bryan ran t the kitchen t tell his mm what had happened.可知Bryan把自己刚才的遭遇告诉了妈妈,很明显电子游戏给他造成了巨大的伤害,因此此处选项A符合语境。
33.C thugh可是,然而;t也;instead反而,代替;still仍然。此处表示“相反我想我应该停止玩电子游戏出去休息一下”,故选项C符合语境。
34.B 句意:那天Bryan得到了一个教训。desire渴望;lessn教训;belief信念;challenge挑战。根据上下文可知那天的经历对Bryan来说是个教训。故选B。
35.B suspect嫌疑犯;slave奴隶;master主人;lser失败者。结合上文可知Bryan打游戏时间太长以致无法控制自己,几乎就要成为游戏的奴隶。根据语境可知此处选B。
【高频词汇】 1.turn sb. int...将某人变成…… 2.stretch v.伸出;伸长(胳膊,腿) 3.stuck adj.动不了;困(于)
4.relaxatin n.放松;休息
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了林肯和废奴运动。
36.the 考查冠词。句意:亚伯拉罕·林肯对于奴隶制的立场是他一生中被讨论最多的方面之一。此处为“ne f the+最高级”的用法,故填the。
37.n/upn 考查介词。句意:林肯从来没有呼吁过这样(做),而是把注意力集中在不那么具有政治挑战性的目标上,即防止创建新的奴隶州。fcus n/upn是固定搭配,意为“集中(注意力、精力等)于”,故填n/upn。
38.challenging 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词gal,且前有副词修饰,故填形容词challenging。
39.creatin 考查名词。设空处作 preventing 的宾语,且空前有定冠词the修饰,故填名词creatin。
40.designed 考查过去分词。句意:林肯在那个问题上的积极行动开始于对1854年《堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案》的反应,该法案是由他的劲敌Stephen A. Duglas设计的。设空处作后置定语修饰the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act,且 design与the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故填 designed。
41.t decide 考查动词不定式。句意:该法案允许移民者在他们的领土上决定奴隶制的问题。allw sb. t d sth.意为“允许某人做某事”,故填 t decide。
42.repeatedly 考查副词。设空处修饰动词 stated,需用副词,故填 repeatedly。
43.where 考查关系副词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 states,且关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填 where。
44.slaves 考查名词复数。slave是可数名词,根据设空处前面的all可知应用复数形式,故填 slaves。
45.was achieved 考查时态和语态。由时间状语 later that year可知本句应用一般过去时,且设空处在句中作谓语,主语 Final ablitin与 achieve之间是被动关系,故填 was achieved。
【高频词汇】 1.call fr(公开)要求,需求 2.issue n.问题
3.in reactin t作为对……的反应 4.partial adj.部分的 5.as sn as一……就……
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Nelsn Mandela is a wrld-famus her. Brn in 1918, he was the nly ne in his family wh received educatin. He set up the ANC Yuth League, which led black peple t fight fr freedm. In 1962, he was sent t prisn. Althugh Mandela spent 27 years in prisn, he didn't give up fighting. After he was released, he still fught fr the rights f black peple actively. Finally, black peple achieved their dream f being equal t white peple.
As a result f what Mandela did fr black peple, Mandela became the first black president f Suth Africa and wn the Nbel Peace Prize.
第二节
写作指导
1.语篇内容解读
本文是一篇说明文。最近的一项研究预测,软件开发人员的岗位截止到2026年,在十年内将在全国范围内增长24.0%。计算机科学技术职业就业机会多、待遇高,那么怎样才能进入这个行业,有什么要求以及可以获得哪些好处呢? 本文可根据文章内容及结构概括成4个要点。
2.文章脉络分析
3.写作建议
本文以第三人称展开,时态以一般现在时为主。原文要点清晰,只需要用适当的句式对要点进行概括即可。首先确定需要表述的要点内容,然后把握适当句式,接着尽可能多地用高级词汇填充句式,同时注重句子之间的逻辑关系,用恰当的衔接词连接句子,构成一篇短文。要点包含以下几点:科学技术方面需要大量人才;这些人才需要有该领域本科及以上的学位;毕业后可以做软件开发师;有计算机科学背景的人才薪资待遇丰厚,是多数领域工作岗位的两倍多。
One pssible versin:
Nwadays, mre and mre cmputer scientists and engineers are needed.(要点 1) Hwever,it needs a minimum f a bachelr's degree, s peple must get the degree by ging t university which can ffer it. (要点2)After they get the degree, they can get a jb as a sftware develper. (要点3) What's mre, a persn with a cmputer science backgrund get mre than twice the salary f mst jbs. (要点4)
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主要经历
1.生于1918年,是家中唯一一个受过教育的人;
2.建立 ANC Yuth League;
3.1962年入狱,在监狱中度过27年;
4.争取黑人的权利。
成就
成为南非首位黑人总统,获得了诺贝尔和平奖。
1.D
2.B
3.D
4.C
5.B
6.D
7.A
8.A
9.B
10.D
11.C
12.B
13.A
14.D
15.B
16.D
17.B
18.G
19.A
20.F
21.C
22.C
23.A
24.C
25.D
26.B
27.D
28.A
29.D
30.A
31.D
32.A
33.C
34.B
35.B
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