高中英语Unit 5 A delicate world练习

这是一份高中英语Unit 5 A delicate world练习，共18页。试卷主要包含了it　考查形式主语，wh　考查定语从句的关系词，causing　考查动名词，awareness　考查名词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.By (比较), Bill Clintn's My Life sld arund 400,000 cpies n the first day.
2.The black-necked crane (鹤) is ne f the (最稀有的) species in the wrld.
3.Red, range and yellw create a (视觉的) feast and make the area a ppular destinatin during autumn.
4.The industrial civilizatin, while creating (巨大的) material wealth, has caused eclgical crises.
5.The survey fund a wide (差别) in the prices charged fr canteen fd in sme schls.
6.These regins are hme t many species f birds, sme f which are (濒临灭绝的).
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
n behalf f;cexist with;in return;result in;a variety f
1.It's up t the teacher t prvide types f input in the classrm.
2.The prductin prcess and management f the resulting waste the release f greenhuse gases.
3.He expressed his deep gratitude his family members fr their timely help.
4.Yu will need t learn tlerance in rder t thers in yur drmitry.
5.He was mtivated by lve and expected nthing .
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The twn's ppulatin is abut 15,000 tday, (cmpare) with 4,000 in 1950.
2.The debate culd (danger)the relatinship between the tw cuntries.
3.Regardless f ther factrs, he cntinued t place (secure)abve all ther bjectives.
4.Such a war culd result in the use f chemical and (bilgy) weapns.
5.This is prbably the mst cmmn (greet) amng strangers.
6.It's (apparent) becme a trend in schls t ban students frm using smartphnes.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.大多数被邀请参加会议的人是我的老朋友。
Mst f peple were my ld friends.
2.婚姻被认为是两个家庭之间的联合,而不是两个人的。
A marriage the unin f tw families, nt tw individuals.
3.他每天回家很晚,这使他的妻子很生气。
He cmes hme late every day, .
4.对我们来说,靠自己找到更好的方法是一个挑战。
t find a better way n ur wn.
5.太阳使地球变暖,这对生物是十分重要的。
The sun heats the Earth, t living things.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
In 2016, Shennngjia made it nt the UNESCO Wrld Heritage List. It was awarded this status because it meets tw criteria 1 (require) by the list.
T begin with, it cntains a naturally-balanced envirnment that allws the many and varius species t live and prsper. The regin rises frm abut 400 metres 2 ver 3,000 metres abve sea level, 3 (result) in a great variatin in climatic cnditins. Sme f the plants and animals 4 (regard) as living fssils.
What's mre, it is als ne f the rare 5 (lcatin) in the wrld where scientists can bserve the 6 (eclgy) and bilgical prcesses that ccur as the plants and animals develp and evlve. Accrding t fficial statistics, ver 3,000 plant species and abut 4,300 insects have been recrded. Shennngjia als supprts mre than 600 vertebrate species. Therefre, 7 is a challenge t lk after s many species. Thanks t peple's effrts, the Glden Snub-nsed Mnkey's ppulatin has dubled since the 1980s. The mst impressive aspect is the lcal peple, 8 take things frm nature withut 9 (cause) damage. All f this highlights hw understanding, 10 (aware) and hard wrk have cntributed twards prtecting the unique natural wrld.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学高二上期末,)
Peple have been wndering why elephants d nt develp cancer even thugh they have lifespans that are similar t humans, living fr arund 50 t 70 years.
Nw scientists believe they knw why. A team at the University f Chicag has fund that elephants carry a substantial number f genes that stp tumrs develping. T be precise, they fund 20 cpies f an anti-tumr gene called TP53 in elephants. Mst ther species, including humans, nly carry ne cpy.
Accrding t the research, the extra cpies f the gene imprve the animal's sensitivity t DNA damage, which lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged befre they can g n t frm deadly tumrs.
“An increased risk f develping cancer has std in the way f the evlutin(进化) f large bdy sizes in many animals,” the study authr Dr. Vincent Lynch tld The Guardian. If every living cell has the same chance f becming cancerus, large creatures with a lng lifespan like whales and elephants shuld have a greater risk f develping cancer than humans and rats. But acrss species, the risk f cancer des nt shw a cnnectin with bdy mass.
This phenmenn was fund by Oxfrd University scientist Richard Pet in the 1970s and later named “Pet's paradx”. Bilgists believe it results frm larger animals using prtectin that many smaller animals d nt use. In the elephant's case, the making f TP53 is nature's way f keeping this species alive.
The study als fund that when the same genes were brught t life in rats, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants. This means researchers culd use the discvery t develp new treatments that can help stp cancer spreading r even develping in the first place.
“Nature has already figured ut hw t prevent cancer,” said Jshua Schiffman, a bilgist at the Schl f Medicine, the University f Utah. “It's up t us t learn hw different animals deal with the prblem s that we can use thse strategies t prevent cancer in peple.”
1.Why are elephants unlikely t develp cancer?
A.They have a rather large bdy size.
B.Their genes suffer n DNA damage.
C.Certain genes in their bdy kill existing tumrs.
D.They carry many genes t prevent tumrs develping.
2.Accrding t the passage, what has been a risk in the evlutin f large animals?
A.Deadly tumrs.
B.The huge bdy mass.
C.Cells killing themselves.
D.Sensitivity t DNA damage.
3.What des the underlined part “This phenmenn” in Paragraph 5 prbably refer t?
A.Larger animals have prtectin frm TP53.
B.The risk f cancer is nt related t bdy sizes.
C.Larger animals suffer the same risk f cancer as smaller nes.
D.The huger animals are, the bigger risk f cancer they will have.
4.What can be cncluded frm the passage?
A.Depending n nature is surely enugh t fight against cancer.
B.The TP53 genes have prved useful in stpping cancer in peple.
C.Humans are expected t prevent cancer with the making f TP53.
D.The extra cpies f elephants' genes are used t cure cancer patients.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021南京师大附中高二月考,)
Lenard da Vinci and Nature
In the mdern wrld, art and science are tw dramatically separate activities, but in Lenard's time they were clsely cnnected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies. 1 Mathematics included practical wrk like surveying land fr making maps as well as measuring the mvements f the stars in the sky. An artist might need t measure the different parts f the bdy. He culd als use mathematics t place things in relatinship t each ther in a drawing r painting s the scene lked crrect. 2
Mathematics is als cnnected t music because musical sunds have a fixed relatinship with each ther that can be described in numbers. 3 Mre than this, thugh, Lenard believed that numbers were a part f all things in the wrld, including music, and he said that “withut them nthing can be dne”.
“Mysterius nature has kindly given us things everywhere t cpy,” wrte Lenard. In all his activities, Lenard was trying t discver the rules that cntrlled nature. In his search fr thse rules, he lked very carefully at a lt f examples and details. Actual experience was mre imprtant t him than the pinin, and he wrked frm facts t ideas. 4 His purpse was t examine the wrld s he culd cpy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He als wanted t learn frm the clever slutins f nature.
5 His quick little sketches, ften dne while wandering utside, helped him t catch a mvement r a shape. Mre careful drawings wuld be dne at a desk with a pen and a ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Lenard was sld fr $12 millin. It was the mst expensive drawing in the wrld.
A.Lenard was always drawing.
B.Hw culd these be cnnected with art?
C.Lenard was als an influential philspher.
D.Mathematicians and dctrs wrked t discver the unknwn.
E.Abve all, Lenard wanted t understand hw and why things wrked.
F.Lenard himself was a very gd musician and liked t play an instrument and sing.
G.Yu will see a gd example f such psitining in the painting f The Last Supper.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.读后续写
(2021河北大名一中高二月考,)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Lng, lng ag, in the far away land, there was a beautiful kingdm with its unique rule. The rule said, everyne may becme the king, with all f his rights t gvern(管理) the cuntry fr five years. After that, he must be caught, his bdy wuld be tied and he wuld be thrwn away t a remte island where the jungle was thick and there were plenty f wild animals and n human.
Then, ne by ne, peple became the king. The first man said, “OK, I'm ready t be the king.” And he was a king fr five years. What he did in his five years was enjying his psitin. He threw big parties, went t many beautiful places, married many wmen, cllected many luxurius things and did ther things that pleased himself. Thse were all he did and he never prepared anything fr his future. Until ne day the time came. One mrning when the king wke up, suddenly strng sldiers came t his palace and said, “We came here under the rder f the cnstitutin(章程). Nw it's time fr yu t be thrwn away t the remte island.” The king wasn't surprised but he felt that time passed by t fast. He had enjyed himself in the past five years but nw he had t accept his destiny with tears in his eyes. The sldiers sent him t the dangerus island and left. All they heard was the vices f the wild animals and the lng scream f the frmer king; and then it was silent again.
Every ther king was the same until a yung man came and declared his wish. By the cnstitutin he was granted his wish. He wuld be a king fr five years befre being thrwn away t the island. But if ther kings wuld fllw their passin fr having fun, he didn't. The king was always seen t be thinking.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
And nt very lng after that, he made a surprising decisin.



Paragraph 2:
Finally the time came when the king had t be thrwn away t the island.



答案全解全析
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.rarest 3.visual 4.vast 5.variatin
6.endangered
Ⅱ.1.a variety f 2.result in 3.n behalf f 4.cexist with
5.in return
Ⅲ 考查非谓语动词。句意:与1950年的4,000人相比,现在该镇的人口约为15,000人。cmpared with是固定短语,在这里作状语,意为“和……相比”。
2.endanger 考查动词。句意:这场争论可能会危害两国间的关系。情态动词culd后应跟动词原形,故填 endanger,意为“危害,危及”。
3.security 考查名词。句意:不管其他因素,他继续将安全置于其他所有目标之上。设空处作动词place的宾语,故填名词security,意为“安全”。
4.bilgical 考查形容词。句意:这样一场战争可能会导致生化武器的使用。设空处和chemical(化学的)并列,故填形容词bilgical,意为“生物的,生物性的”。
5.greeting 考查名词。句意:这可能是陌生人之间最常见的问候了。the mst cmmn是形容词的最高级,其后应用名词。故填greeting。
6.apparently 考查副词。句意:禁止学生使用智能手机显然已经成为学校里的一种趋势。应用副词修饰谓语动词。故填apparently。
Ⅳ t the cnference 2.is regarded as 3.making his wife very angry 4.It is a challenge fr us 5.which is very imprtant
Ⅴ 考查过去分词。句意:它被授予这个地位是因为它符合名录中要求的两个标准。根据句意和句子结构可知,设空处为过去分词作后置定语。
2.t 考查介词。句意:这一地区的海拔从400米左右上升到3,000多米,造成了气候条件的巨大变化。rise 从……上升到……。故填t。
3.resulting 考查现在分词。句意同上。设空处为现在分词作结果状语,表示一种自然的结果。
易错分析
此处易错填results或resulted。错填results的原因是把此处误认为是和rises并列的谓语动词,但由于设空处前没有连词and,所以不可能是并列谓语;此处指前面整个句子造成的结果,作结果状语,与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,而resulted表示被动,故不能使用。
4.are regarded 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:有些动植物被认为是活化石。Sme f the plants and animals与regard之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态;此处描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时,且主语表示复数。故填are regarded。
5.lcatins 考查名词复数。句意:而且,它也是世界上罕见的地方之一,在那里科学家们可以观察到动植物成长和进化进程中发生的生态和生物过程。ne f+可数名词复数,表示“……之一”。
6.eclgical 考查形容词。句意同上。设空处与 bilgical 并列,修饰名词prcesses。故填形容词eclgical。
7.it 考查形式主语。句意:因此,照顾这么多物种是个挑战。根据句子结构可知,此处应是形式主语,真正主语是后面的动词不定式短语t lk after s many species。故填it。
8.wh 考查定语从句的关系词。句意:最令人印象深刻的方面是当地人,他们从大自然中获取东西而不造成破坏。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词为the lcal peple,关系词在从句中作主语,指人。故填关系代词wh。
9.causing 考查动名词。句意同上。介词withut后应跟动名词。故填causing。
10.awareness 考查名词。句意:所有这些都凸显了理解、意识和努力工作是如何有助于保护这个独特的自然世界的。与设空处并列的成分都为名词,故此处应填aware的名词形式。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文主要介绍了美国芝加哥大学的一个团队发现大象携带大量阻止肿瘤发展的基因。在动物的进化中肿瘤是极大的威胁,而物种患癌症的概率和它们的体型没有关系。在大象的案例中,TP53的形成是让这个物种存活的自然方法,因此人们有望通过合成TP53来预防癌症。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句A team at the University f Chicag has fund that elephants carry a substantial number f genes that stp tumrs develping. 可知,美国芝加哥大学的一个团队发现大象携带大量阻止肿瘤发展的基因。根据第四段可知,动物形成癌症和动物的体型大小无关,故A项不正确;根据第三段中the extra cpies f the gene imprve the animal's sensitivity t DNA damage, which lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged befre they can g n t frm deadly tumrs可知,大象的基因提高了对DNA损伤的敏感度,使细胞受损后,在形成致命肿瘤之前迅速自杀,并不是B项“大象的基因不会受到DNA 损伤”;也不是C项“它们体内的某些基因会杀死现有的肿瘤”。所以D选项是正确的。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“An increased risk f develping cancer has std in the way f the evlutin (进化) f large bdy sizes in many animals,” the study...可知,患癌症风险的增加阻碍了许多大体型的动物的进化。B项意为“巨大的体重”,在文中只提到其与增加患癌症的风险没有联系,而A项“致命的肿瘤”才是真正的风险;C项“细胞自杀”和D项“对DNA损坏的敏感度”都是动物保护自己不受癌症威胁的方式,不是风险。所以A选项是正确的。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句But acrss species, the risk f cancer des nt shw a cnnectin with bdy mass.可知This phenmenn指的是物种患癌症的概率和它们的体重没有关系。A项“大型动物受到 TP53的保护”和C项“大型动物患癌症的风险与小型动物相同”是画线部分以下内容,但不是画线部分的内容。D项“越大的动物,患癌症的风险就越大”不符合文章原意,且也不是本段开头所指的“这种现象”。所以B选项是正确的。
4.C 主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句It's up t us t learn hw different animals deal with the prblem s that we can use thse strategies t prevent cancer in peple.可知,我们可以使用那些策略来预防人类得癌症。而根据倒数第三段最后一句In the elephant's case, the making f TP53 is nature's way f keeping this species alive.可知,TP53的形成是让大象存活的自然方法。由此推知,人们有望通过合成TP53来预防癌症。人类需要制出TP53来对抗癌症,故A项“依靠大自然对抗癌症肯定足够了”不准确;文章倒数第二段只提到当同样的基因在老鼠身上起作用时,它们和大象具有相同的抗癌能力,但并未像B项所说“TP53基因已被证明在阻止人类得癌症方面很有用”或D项所说“大象基因的额外复制品被用于治疗癌症患者”。所以C选项是正确的。
【高频词汇】 1.wnder v.想知道;感到惊奇 n.惊奇;奇迹;奇观
2.imprve v.改进,改善 3.damage n.损坏,伤害v.损害;伤害 4.cnnectin n.联系 5.result frm 起因于 6.figure ut 弄明白
长难句分析
原句 Accrding t the research, the extra cpies f the gene imprve the animal's sensitivity t DNA damage, which lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged befre they can g n t frm deadly tumrs.
分析 本句为主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的整个主句;在该非限制性定语从句中,when damaged是when引导的时间状语从句when they are damaged的省略,befre引导时间状语从句。
句意 根据研究,这种基因的额外复制提高了动物对DNA损伤的敏感性,这使细胞在它们受损时且在继续形成致命的肿瘤前迅速自杀。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。通过对达·芬奇进行艺术创作这一事件进行以下方面的说明:数学、音乐与艺术的关系,以及自然与艺术的关系。
1.B 由设空处前面两句可知,在莱昂纳多的时代,科学与艺术紧密相连。科学意味着数学和医学研究。B项“那这些是如何与艺术相联系的呢?”符合语境。
2.G 由设空处前的place things和in a drawing r painting可知接下来是对一幅画及其布局的描述。G项“你会看到一个好的例子,在《最后的晚餐》这幅画里(人物)位置的安排。”符合语境。
3.F 本段描述的是与音乐有关的话题,数学与音乐的关系。因此可以推出达·芬奇也应该熟悉并精通音乐。F项“莱昂纳多他自己就是一个非常优秀的音乐家,喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌。”符合语境。
4.E 在设空处前面的描述中可以得知:达·芬奇在探寻这些规则的时候,认真仔细地观察大量的实例和细节。实践经历比起他自己的观点更重要,然后他经常通过事实得出观点。接下来会描述他到底想要做什么。因此E项“首先,莱昂纳多想要理解事物是如何运作的,又为什么会这么运作。”符合语境。
5.A 设空处后面的内容主要围绕画画来讲,设空处位于这一段的开头,有总领全段的作用,故A项“莱昂纳多总是画画。”符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.separate adj.单独的;分开的;分离的 v.分开 2.measure v.测量;估量 n.量;尺度;措施 3.relatinship n.关系;联系 4.slutin n.解决办法 5.wander v.徘徊;漫游
Ⅲ.
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
And nt very lng after that, he made a surprising decisin.He decided t use all his rights t prepare fr his life at the remte island. In the first year he sent trps, veterinarians and animal trainers t kill the wild animals r train them fr gd use. The task was s huge but it was wrthwhile. Then the king sent a lt f farmers t start a wide rice field and began t grw rice. Next he had many facilities, frm hspital t schl, built. After that he sent a lt f educated peple there. At last he sent all his families t the island.
Paragraph 2:
Finally the time came when the king had t be thrwn away t the island. With many strng sldiers catching him, he smiled. He had prepared everything fr the final day. When he was sent t the island, the island had taken n a new lk. Everybdy there lived a cmfrtable life and the king was welcmed warmly by his peple. They cheered, “Lng live the wise king”. The wise king lived happily ever after. The clever peple live nw in the wrld t prepare fr their life in the future.
写作指导
Time
lng, lng ag
Place
in the faraway land, a beautiful kingdm, a remte island
Character
the king, wild animals, strng sldiers
Reasn
a beautiful kingdm with its unique rule
情
节
Para. 1
一个美丽的王国和它的奇特规定:每个人都可以做国王,拥有五年统治国家的权力。但在那之后,他必须被抓住,身体被捆绑,扔到一个偏远的、野兽出没的无人岛。
Para. 2
一些人做了国王之后的行为以及被丢到荒岛上后的结果。
Para. 3
一个年轻人成为国王后的表现。
Para. 1
And nt very lng after that, he made a surprising decisin.
①年轻人令人惊讶的决定是什么?
②年轻人需要如何做?
③他需要哪些准备工作?
Para. 2
Finally the time came when the king had t be thrwn away t the island.
①到了把年轻人扔到岛上的时候,他的反应如何?
②他有这样反应的原因是什么?