高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration练习题，共18页。试卷主要包含了fllwed　考查过去分词，in　考查介词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The (人造卫星) are used fr sending and receiving messages.
2.Everything falls twards the centre f the earth because f (重力).
3.The chairman is quite familiar with the (步骤) fr cnducting a meeting.
4.The earth is nthing but a very small planet in the endless (宇宙).
5.If I have seen further, it is by standing upn the shulders f (巨人).
6.The painful experience has affected bth her m and her physical health.
7.Three a are t cmplete a three-mnth missin n the new space statin called Tianhe.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in the hpe f;n bard;carry n
1.The peple the train have all shwn their health cde.
2.Mrs. Smith then sent me an e-mail, getting further infrmatin.
3.When yu have difficulties in yur life,remember t keep calm and ,and yu will succeed in the end.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.A child's (intelligent) develps rapidly between the ages f fur and five.
2.When things g wrng, all f us naturally feel (disappint) and frustrated.
3.It is generally believed that the new virus speeded the (transmit) f the disease.
4.After failing the examinatin, he determined (wrk) hard and catch up with thers.
5.I really desire (get) a gd educatin that will give me chances t realize my dream.
6.As we have learned in the histry class, the cuntry gained (independent) after a lng struggle.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Lking up at the stars, peple have always wanted t learn mre abut space, and scientists wrk hard t find answers. They make 1 (vehicle) t carry brave peple int space t find ut the secrets f the universe.
On 4 Octber 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 2 (launch)by the USSR and successfully rbited arund Earth. Afterwards, the USSR fcused n 3 (send) peple int space, and n 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld 4 (g)int space. Over eight years later, n 20 July 1969, American astrnaut Neil Armstrng stepped nt the mn.
China's space prgramme started later than thse f Russia and the US, 5 it has made great prgress in a shrt time. China became the third cuntry in the wrld t 6 (independent) send humans int space in 2003, 7 Yang Liwei successfully rbited Earth in the Shenzhu 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhu 6 and 7 cmpleted a secnd manned rbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, 8 (fllw)by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent t the mn t study its surface. After that, China launched the Tiangng 2 space lab int space and Tianzhu 1 t dck with it. This signalled ne step 9 (far) in China's plan t establish a space statin 10 the future. Mre recently, China has sent Chang'e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn t make measurements and bservatins.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021北京昌平区高一月考,)
Space Htel Prmises Guests A Truly
Out-Of-This-Wrld Vacatin
Lking fr a truly ut-f-this-wrld vacatin? Then yu are in luck! On Thursday, April 5, Texas-based start-up Orin Span annunced they were taking reservatins fr Aurra Statin, the wrld's first luxury htel in space, which is expected t be launched in 2021 and begin welcming visitrs by 2022.
The pill-shaped space statin, which began cnstructin in 2019, will measure 43.5 feet lng and 14.1 feet wide—abut the size f a large private jet's cabin—when cmpleted. It will accmmdate fur guests in tw private suites (套房) and tw crew members, mst likely frmer astrnauts. Flying abut 200 miles abve the Earth, Aurra Statin will circle the planet nce every 90 minutes, enabling guests t enjy 16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily, as well as scres f the breathtaking nrthern and suthern aurras(极光) that the htel is named after.
While admiring the beauty f ur planet, turists can eat nn-astrnaut fd and drinks r entertain themselves with playing cards. Thse hping t d smething mre wrthwhile will be able t engage in astrnaut-like experiments such as grwing fd in a special envirnment. The Wi-Fi enabled spacecraft will make it easy fr guests t share their experiences with friends and family members n the Earth. At the end f the vacatin, returning guests will be treated t a special “her's welcme”, similar t the ne experienced by astrnauts returning frm a real missin.
Befre the nce-in-a-lifetime trip, guests will have t underg the three-mnth-lng special training learning hw t mve in a weightless envirnment, alng with the basics f spaceflight and rbital mechanics. Als, befre yu start packing yur bags, yu will have t pay $9.5 millin fr the 12-day rund-trip vacatin.
While several cmpanies are planning t build htels in space, Orin Span hpes t transfrm sectins f used rckets flating in space int htel rms, instead f crwding the already messy skies with additinal man-made bjects.
1.What can be learned abut Aurra Statin?
A.Peple can visit it nw.
B.Its cnstructin will last fr abut 5 years.
C.It can nly hld fur peple in this statin.
D.It lks like a pill with the size f a small plane.
2.Why is the htel named Aurra Statin?
A.Because the htel is lit up by the aurras f the Earth.
B.Because the htel will give ff aurras while travelling.
C.Because guests can enjy fantastic aurras f the Earth.
D.Because the htel will run arund the aurras f the Earth.
3.What can guests d in the space htel?
A.Cmmunicate with their family.
B.Enjy astrnaut fd and drinks.
C.Ck meals like they d at hme.
D.Receive welcme as a real her.
4.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A.There is little rm fr peple t live n the Earth.
B.T many spacecraft have arused peple's cncern.
C.Space htels will be necessary in the near future.
D.Used rckets flating in space are easy t recycle.
B
()
China has becme the first cuntry t successfully land a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The Chang'e 4 prbe (探测器) has als made the first mn landing since 1972.It has the task f explring the side f the mn that never faces the Earth. The dark side f the mn is lder and has a thicker surface than the visible side. It takes the mn as lng t g arund n its wn axis (轴) as it des fr ne cmplete rbit arund the Earth.
The Chinese prbe landed in a huge crater(坑) 2,500 km in diameter and 13 km in depth. The crater is ne f the ldest parts f the mn and ur slar system.
Scientists hpe t learn mre abut the gelgy f the far side f the mn. The craft has tw cameras n bard which will send images back t the Earth. It will als try t send signals t distant regins f space, smething that cannt happen n the Earth because f t much radi nise.
Chang'e 4 als has instruments n bard t examine minerals as well as a cntainer with seeds which will try t create a miniature (微型的) bisphere (生物圈).
Cmmunicatin with the spacecraft is nt easy. Images and ther data must be transmitted t a separate satellite because n direct cmmunicatin with the Earth is pssible.
Fr China the Chang'e 4 missin is an imprtant achievement, because the cuntry has successfully dne smething n ther natin n the Earth has dne. It wants t becme a leading pwer in space explratin and has annunced plans t send astrnauts t the mn and set up its wn space statin.
5.Where did the Chang'e 4 prbe land?
A.On the side f the mn facing the Earth.
B.On the invisible side f the mn.
C.In a yunger crater n the mn.
D.In a previus space statin.
6.What can we learn frm the text?
A.The dark side f the mn is as cld as the ther side.
B.The bright side is yunger and thinner than the ther side.
C.Other places in space may hardly receive signals frm the craft.
D.The tw cameras n the craft can send pictures t the Earth easily.
7.Accrding t the text, what will China d in the future?
A.Land manned spacecraft n the mn.
B.Build anther space statin n the mn.
C.Launch mre space prbes t the mn.
D.Becme the first cuntry t explre space.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021广东广州执信、广雅、二中、六中四校高一下联考,)
The universe has never failed t catch the mankind's attentin. The ancient humans came up with stries t explain the presence f the sun and ther planets. As time went by, humans set their sights n explring the vastness f space. In 1969, astrnaut Neil Armstrng became the first persn t walk n the mn's surface. 1
·It allws peple t knw mre abut the universe.
Undubtedly, space explratin has answered the questin f whether the earth is rund r nt and prved the earth des circle arund the sun and nt the ther way arund. 2 It gives peple a deeper understanding abut the universe and prvides them with mre infrmatin abut the wrld they live in.
·It paves the way t advanced technlgy.
Scientists are always develping new technlgy fr space prgrams, but the gd news is that these new innvatins(新事物) aren't just useful t astrnauts and fr space prgrams. 3 In fact they have already led t the develpment f mdern prducts and devices that many peple use, fr example, the breast cancer test imaging.
· 4
Space explratin desn't just invlve scientists and astrnauts; it als requires the skills and labr f many engineers, research assistants, technicians, mechanics, and ther prfessinals. If space explratin were stpped tday, these peple wuld becme jbless, and they wuldn't have the means t supprt themselves and their families.
It can ffer slutins t many prblems.
Aside frm cllecting infrmatin abut uter space, many space explratin prgrams are used t slve sme f the prblems f ur mdern sciety. Sme prgrams, fr example, help scientists learn mre abut the earth's atmsphere and knw hw t better predict weather and natural disasters. 5 This may be the slutin t the earth's grwing ppulatin.
Space explratin is ne f the biggest achievements f humans as a whle, and it has paved the way t greater scientific understanding and technlgical advancement ver the years. I can see n reasn why we shuld stp ur explratin.
A.It creates many jbs.
B.But it des much mre than that.
C.It was a big step in space explratin.
D.They can als be used in ther industries.
E.They als help scientists knw mre abut the earth.
F.Others fcus n lking fr planets that can supprt human life.
G.Since then, space explratin has been ging n and brught many benefits.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案全解全析
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
Part 1 Listening and Speaking
&Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.gravity 3.prcedure 4.universe 5.giants 6.mental 7.astrnauts
Ⅱ bard 2.in the hpe f 3.carry n
Ⅲ 考查名词。句意:儿童的智力在四到五岁之间发展迅速。根据空前面的名词所有格可知此处需要用名词作主语,intelligence为不可数名词。
2.disappinted 考查形容词。句意:出问题时,我们大家自然都感到失望和沮丧。所填词与frustrated并列,都是表示主语的自身感受的词语,因此应该填disappinted。
3.transmissin 考查名词。句意:人们普遍认为这种新型病毒加速了疾病的传播。由设空处前面的the和后面的f可知此处应用名词transmissin。
4.t wrk 考查动词不定式。句意:考试不及格后,他决心努力学习,赶上别人。determine t d sth.决心做某事。故填t wrk。
5.t get 考查动词不定式。句意:我的确渴望得到会给我机会实现我的梦想的良好教育。desire后接不定式作宾语。desire t d sth.渴望做某事。故填t get。
6.independence 考查名词。句意:正如我们在历史课上学到的,这个国家经过长期斗争获得了独立。设空处作动词gained的宾语,因此用名词形式。
Ⅳ 考查名词单复数。vehicle是可数名词,空前没有限定词,此处需要用复数形式。
2.was launched 考查动词的语态和时态。句子主语与launch之间是被动关系,因此应该用被动语态,再根据On 4 Octber 1957可知,应该用一般过去时。故填was launched。
3.sending 考查动名词。fcus n ding sth.集中(精力、注意力等)做某事,因此应该用动名词形式。
4.t g 考查动词不定式。根据前面的中心词persn被序数词修饰可知,此处需要用不定式作后置定语。
5.but 考查连词。空前面说中国的太空计划起步晚,空后面说其进步很大,因此填but表转折关系。
6.independently 考查副词。设空处修饰动词,因此应该用副词作状语。
7.when 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,逗号前面的2003是先行词,从句缺少时间状语,因此用when引导非限制性定语从句。
8.fllwed 考查过去分词。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词,此处需要用非谓语动词,fllw与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系,且根据后面的介词by的提示可知设空处应该用过去分词形式。
9.further 考查比较级。此处指又迈进了一步,因此用far的比较级形式further。
10.in 考查介词。in the future在未来。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。总部位于得克萨斯州的Orin Span公司宣布,他们正在为世界上第一家太空豪华酒店Aurra Statin做准备,预计它将于2021年发射进入太空,2022年开始接待游客。太空旅馆预示着客人可以真正意义上进行一次出世之旅。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The pill-shaped space the size f a large private jet's cabin—when cmpleted.”可知,Aurra Statin的形状是药丸状的,大约相当于一架大型私人喷气机的座舱大小。因此Aurra Statin看起来像是一颗小型飞机大小的药丸。故选D。本题的A、B项比较容易排除,注意C项的排除,由文中第二段中的It will accmmdate fur guests in tw private suites (套房) and tw crew members可知它可以容纳6个人,不要忽略了后面的tw crew members。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“enabling guests t enjy 16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily, as well as scres f the breathtaking nrthern and suthern aurras that the htel is named after”可知,客人每天都能欣赏16次壮观的日出和日落,以及很多次令人惊叹的南北极光,酒店就是以这些极光来命名的。故选C。文中并没有说酒店是被这些极光点亮的,更没有说酒店会发出极光,A、B项容易排除;第二段中说到Aurra Statin will circle the planet,即环绕地球,而不是环绕地球的极光,排除D项。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Wi-Fi enabled spacecraft will make it easy fr guests t share their experiences with friends and family members n the Earth.”可知,有Wi-Fi的航天器将使游客很容易与地球上的朋友和家人分享他们的经历。因此在太空旅馆的客人能与他们的家人沟通。故选A。像真正的英雄一样受到欢迎是发生在返回地球时的事情,而不是在太空旅馆中能做的事情,故排除D项。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Orin Span hpes t transfrm sectins f used rckets flating in space int htel rms, instead f crwding the already messy skies with additinal man-made bjects”可知,Orin Span希望将漂浮在太空中的废旧火箭的部件改造成酒店客房,而不是用额外的人造物品挤占已经凌乱的天空。因此从最后一段可以推断出,太多的航天器已经引起了人们的担忧。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.accmmdate v.容纳;为……提供住宿
2.wrthwhile adj.值得的 3.engage in(使)从事;参加
4.underg v.经历 5.transfrm v.使改变形态;使改观 6.instead f而不是 7.additinal adj.额外的;附加的 8.light up照亮,变亮;放光彩 9.give ff发出,放出(气味,光,热)
长难句分析
原句 Flying abut 200 miles abve the Earth, Aurra Statin will circle the planet nce every 90 minutes, enabling guests t enjy 16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily, as well as scres f the breathtaking nrthern and suthern aurras that the htel is named after.
分析 句子主干部分为Aurra Statin will circle the planet nce every 90 minutes,前面的Flying abut 200 miles abve the Earth是现在分词短语作伴随状语;enabling guests t enjy...是现在分词短语作结果状语;16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily和scres f the breathtaking nrthern and suthern aurras是由as well as连接的两个enjy的宾语;that the htel is named after为定语从句,修饰先行词nrthern and suthern aurras。
句意 Aurra Statin在地球上空约200英里处飞行,每90分钟绕地球一圈,使客人每天都能欣赏到16次壮观的日出和日落,以及很多次令人惊叹的南北极光,这家酒店就是以这些极光来命名的。
B
◎语篇解读 本文为说明文。随着嫦娥四号成功降落在月球背面,中国成为第一个在月球背面成功着陆航天器的国家。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“It has the task f explring the side f the mn that never faces the Earth.”可知,嫦娥四号在月球背面即人们无法看到的那一面着陆,故B项正确。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The dark side f the mn is lder and has a thicker surface than the visible side.” 可知,月球的暗面比能看到的(即亮的)那一面古老,表面要厚些,也就是说亮的那一面比另一面(暗的一面)要年轻些,表面要薄一些。故选B。文中并没有说到月球两面的温度差异问题,故排除A项;由文章第三段最后两句可知太空中的遥远的地方收到来自这个航天器的信号是可能的,相比之下接收到来自地球的信号是不可能的,排除C项;由文章第五段内容可知图像和其他数据必须传送到另一颗卫星,因为不可能与地球直接通信,D项描述有误。
7.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“It wants t becme a leading pwer in space explratin and has annunced plans t send astrnauts t the mn and set up its wn space statin.”可知,中国已宣布将宇航员送上月球并建立自己的空间站计划,这意味中国将使载人宇宙飞船登陆月球。故A项正确。
【高频词汇】 1.visible adj.看得见的 2.land v.着陆;降落
3.image n.图像;形象;印象 4.instrument n.工具 5.separate adj.不同的;不相关的;单独的,分开的 6.set up建立 7.be equipped with...配备……;装备……
长难句分析
原句 Fr China the Chang'e 4 missin is an imprtant achievement, because the cuntry has successfully dne smething n ther natin n the Earth has dne.
分析 句子的主干为the Chang'e 4 missin is an imprtant achievement;because引导原因状语从句,其中n ther natin n the Earth has dne为一个定语从句,省略了关系词that,修饰先行词smething。
句意 对中国来说,嫦娥四号任务是一项重要的成就,因为中国已经成功地完成了地球上其他国家没有做过的事情。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类在太空探索中取得的成就和探索太空对人类社会的益处。
1.G 根据前文As time went by, humans set their sights n explring the vastness f space. In 1969, astrnaut Neil Armstrng became the first persn t walk n the mn's surface.(随着时间的流逝,人类决心探索浩瀚的太空。1969年,宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗成为第一个在月球表面行走的人。)以及后文的几个小标题可知,此处承上启下,说明“从那以后,太空探索一直在进行,并带来了很多好处”。故G项符合语境。
2.B 根据后文lt gives peple a deeper understanding abut the universe and prvides them with mre infrmatin abut the wrld they live in.(它让人们对宇宙有了更深的了解,并为他们提供了更多关于他们生活的世界的信息。)可知,太空探索为人类做的不止设空处前面所提到的那些内容,它做的远不止那些。故B项符合语境。
3.D 根据前文but the gd news is that these new innvatins (新事物) aren't just useful t astrnauts and fr space prgrams(但好消息是,这些新事物不只是对宇航员和太空计划有用)以及后文的关键信息mdern prducts and devices和breast cancer test imaging可知,它也会应用于其他行业。故D项符合语境。
4.A 该空是本段的小标题。该段主要讲的是太空探索不仅包含科学家和宇航员这样的职位,还需要工程师、研究助理、技师等其他职位,如果太空探索停止,这些人将失业。所以太空探索创造了许多工作岗位。故A项符合语境。
5.F 根据后文This may be the slutin t the earth's grwing ppulatin.(这可能是对地球人口不断增长的解决方案。)可知,此处应该谈到寻找能够支持人类生命的行星。故F项符合语境。
本题容易受空前“help scientists”的影响,误选E项(因为E项中有“als help scientists”),因此,此处我们要结合后文表述的意思去选择正确答案。
【高频词汇】 1.cme up with提出,想出 2.presence n.存在;出现 3.prfessinal n.专业人士;专家 4.means n.钱财
5.pave vt.铺(路)