高一英语寒假作业同步练习题关系副词_定语从句含解析

关系副词-定语从句

1．We haven’t found the __________(解决办法) yet, but I’m sure we’re on right way.

2．Usually, each book has its __________(目录) in the front of it.

3．Her __________(流利的) ballet movements surprised all the students present at the party.

4．Reading __________(文学作品) is considered to be important for the students.

5．__________(明显地) he is interested in music as well as (in) painting.

6．To our surprise, the little boy is free from any sense of __________(责任)

7．That two __________(主编) are debating the content of the book.

8．My classmates and I usually work as __________(志愿者) in the library at weekends.

9．He seems to be doing nothing, but __________(事实上) he is just waiting for the chance.

10．She is working hard every day in order to __________(提高) her English.

【答案】1．solution 2．content 3．fluent 4．literature 5．Obviously 6．responsibility              7．editors             

8．volunteers 9．actually 10．improve

【解析】

1．考查名词。句意：我们还没有找到解决办法，但我相信我们的方向是对的。用名词作宾语，应填名词solution。

2．考查名词。句意：通常，每本书的前面都有它的目录。根据上文its为形容词性物主代词以及汉语意思可知，应填名词content。

3．考查形容词。句意：她流利的芭蕾舞动作使出席晚会的所有学生感到惊讶。ballet为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填fluent。

4．考查名词。句意：阅读文学作品被认为对学生很重要。根据汉语意思可知，应填名词literature“文学作品”。

5．考查副词。句意：很明显，他对音乐和绘画都感兴趣。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Obviously。

6．考查名词。句意：令我们惊讶的是，这个小男孩没有任何责任感。短语sense of responsibility“责任感”，用名词作宾语，故填名词responsibility。

7．考查名词。句意：那两位编辑正在辩论这本书的内容。这里作主语，根据下文are可知，应填复数名词editors。

8．考查名词的数。句意：我和我的同学通常在周末在图书馆做志愿者。根据汉语意思可知，应填名词volunteer，是两个人，应填复数形式volunteers。

9．考查副词。句意：他似乎什么也没做，但实际上他只是在等待机会。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填actually。

10．考查动词。句意：为了提高英语水平，她每天都努力学习。短语in order to do sth.“为了做某事”，故填动词原形improve。

11．Since his parents died early, he had to earn his own living when he was a ______ (青少年).

12．We had a heated ______ (辩论) on whether or not to accept the offer.

13．The article is good in ______ (内容), only it’s a bit wordy.

14．I’m totally ______ (糊涂的). Could you explain that again?

15．Working as a ______ (志愿者) can help a student learn something more valuable than what they learn in the classroom.

16．He has read many of the major works of ______ (文学).

17．I asked for an ______ (额外的) day to finish the work because it can’t be finished in a day.

18．It’s not easy to ______ (停止，戒掉) smoking cigarettes.

19．The first part of the project was completed two months ahead of ______ (工作计划).

20．All copy must be printed and sent to the ______ (编辑) by Friday morning.

【答案】11．teenager 12．debate 13．content 14．confused 15．volunteer 16．literature              17．extra                           

18．quit 19．schedule 20．editor

【解析】

11．考查名词。句意：由于父母早亡，他十几岁时就不得不自己谋生。前面有冠词，该空用名词，所以填teenager。

12．考查名词。句意：我们就是否接受这个提议进行了激烈的辩论。该空作句子宾语，用名词，前面有不定冠词，用单数，所以填debate。

13．考查名词。句意：这篇文章内容不错，只是有点罗嗦。介词之后，用名词，所以填content。

14．考查形容词。句意：我完全糊涂了。你能再解释一下吗?作be动词后的表语，用形容词，所以填confused。

15．考查名词。句意：作为一名志愿者，可以帮助学生学习一些比他们在课堂上学到的更有价值的东西。介词之后，用名词，前面有不定冠词，用单数，所以填volunteer。

16．考查名词。句意：他读过许多重要的文学作品。介词之后，用名词，所以填literature。

17．考查形容词。句意：我要求多一天的时间来完成这项工作，因为它不可能在一天内完成。修饰名词day，用形容词，所以填extra。

18．考查不定式。句意：戒烟是不容易的。这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，所以填quit。

19．考查固定短语。句意：工程的第一部分比原计划提前两个月完成。ahead of schedule提前，该短语是固定短语，所以填schedule。

20．考查名词。句意：所有的拷贝都必须打印出来，并在星期五上午之前交给编辑。该空作宾语，用名词，所以填editor。

语法专题（定语从句-关系副词）

1.关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用＂介词＋which＂结构替换。

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

我还记得我第一次来北京的那天。

2.当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。

Is this the reason (that) he explained for his rudeness at the meeting?

这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗？

3.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point，situation，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。

The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed.

媒体经常能够帮助解决问题，把注意力吸引到需要帮助的情况。

关系代词和关系副词的选择

练习题：

21．The reason ________ I don't trust him is that he often tells lies. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】why

【详解】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：我不信任他的原因是他经常说谎。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为reason，关系副词why在从句中做状语，指原因。故填why。

22．I still remember the happy days ________ I lived in the countryside. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】when

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得我住在农村的那些快乐的日子。此处为定语从句修饰先行词days，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when。故填when。

23．China is the only country ________ wild pandas can be found. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】where

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国是唯一能找到野生熊猫的国家。分析句子并结合句意可知，此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词country并在从句中作地点状语。故填where。

24．Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】where

【详解】考查关系副词。句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力和销量一样重要的职位。分析句子并结合句意可知，特殊地点名词position后应用where引导的定语从句修饰先行词position，where在定语从句中充当地点状语。故填where。

25．The house ___________ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】where/in which

【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我十年前住过的那所房子已被拆掉了。The house 　　　　　①　　　　　 I lived ten years ago是定语从句，先行词是the house，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where；定语从句也可还原为“I lived in the house ten years ago”，先行词是the house，指物，在从句中介词in的作宾语，用“介词+关系代词”，用in which。故填where/in which。

26．Night is the time __________our bodies grow faster. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】when

【详解】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：夜晚是我们身体长得更快的时候。分析句子可知，time为先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语。故填when。

27．These negative thoughts are the reasons ______________ you feel bad. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】why

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些消极的想法是你感觉不好的原因。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，定语从句的先行词是reasons，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，故填why。

28．Make your bedroom a place ___________ you can feel comfortable. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】where

【详解】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：把你的卧室变成一个你能感到舒适的地方。分析句子可知，本句主句为“Make your bedroom a place.”所以，空白处和之后的内容为对名词place作修饰，表示“......的地方”，为定语从句。先行词place在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。

29．As soon as you think of giving up, think of the reason_____ you held on so long. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】why

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你一想到要放弃的时候，就想一想你坚持这么久的原因。设空所在句子是个定语从句，先行词为reason（原因），从句中句意完整，关系词在句中作状语，因此用why引导。故填why。

30．According to China CDC, there may be cases_________a person is infected with both COVID-19 and common flu. (用适当的词填空)

【答案】where

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据中国疾控中心称，可能有人同时感染COVID-19和普通流感的病例。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是cases，后面的句子结构完整，所以用关系副词，定语从句中先行词是表示抽象含义的名词时，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。

阅读理解（应用文）

Make Money This Summer with Sunny Libraries!

Do you have too much free time this summer vacation? Do you need a summer job to earn extra money? Do you want to be involved in your community? Sunny Area Library System (SALS) has job opportunities for high school students. These are good chances to get work experience.

31．How much can you earn if you work as Computer Tutor for one week?

A．$64. B．$120.

C．$320. D．$140.

32．What are you expected to do if you get the job of “Reader Desk”?

A．To repair computers. B．To lift heavy boxes.

C．To work with young children. D．To check materials for guests.

33．What’s the main purpose of the above advertisement?

A．To attract students to libraries. B．To raise money for libraries.

C．To introduce new books. D．To provide job opportunities.

【答案】31．C 32．D 33．D

【分析】本文是一则广告，图书馆给大学生暑假提供就业机会，这样他们既可以挣些钱也可以接触社会。

31．细节理解题。根据Computer Tutor部分中Work Hours: Monday—Friday 9:00 am—5:00 pm

Rate of Pay: $ 8/hour可知周一到周五每天工作8个小时，每小时$ 8，工作一周挣$8×8×5＝$320.故选C.

32．细节理解题。根据Reader Desk部分中provides service with a smile while checking materials in and out to guests.可知如果在“Reader Desk”工作，主要任务是为客人办理入住和退房手续。故选D.

33．推理判断题。根据广告第一段中Sunny Area Library System (SALS) has job opportunities for high school students. These are good chances to get work experience.可知这个广告的目的是提供就业机会。故选D.

写作（翻译）

34．我们将学习有用的技能。(will)

__________________________________________________________________________________

35．我计划提高我的英语口语。(plan)

__________________________________________________________________________________

36．将会有来自不同学校的学生。(will)

__________________________________________________________________________________

37．我希望结交新朋友。(hope)

__________________________________________________________________________________

38．夏令营里将有来自不同国家的学生。(There will be…)

__________________________________________________________________________________

39．那里会有一些专家向我们展示如何在野外生活。

__________________________________________________________________________________

40．我们将学习有关野生动物的知识。(be going to do)

__________________________________________________________________________________

41．我要做一个演讲。(be going to do)

__________________________________________________________________________________

42．我想我会喜欢这些活动的。(be going to do)

__________________________________________________________________________________

43．我想我们会玩得很开心。(will)

__________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

34．We'll learn useful skills.

35．I plan to improve my spoken English.

36．There'll be students from different schools.

37．I hope to make new friends.

38．There'll be students from different countries at the camp.

39．There'll be some experts there to show us how to live in the wild.

40．We're going to learn about wildlife.

41．I'm going to give a speech.

42．I think I'm going to enjoy the activities.

43．I think we'll have a lot of fun.

【分析】

本题考查学生对表示将来的结构如will/plan to do/be going to do等灵活语用能力。

34．考查时态。分析句子可知，动作将要发生要用一般将来时。主语为we，谓语为will learn，宾语为useful skill。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：We'll learn useful skills.

35．考查动词短语。分析句子可知，计划做某事为plan to do…。主语为 I，谓语为 plan，宾语为to improve my spoken English。再根据汉语提示。故翻译为：I plan to improve my spoken English.

36．考查there be句型和时态。分析句子可知，动作将要发生用一般将来时，并且表存在的句型，故为there will be句型，表语为students，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：There'll be students from different schools at the camp.

37．考查时态。分析句子可知，动作为叙述一般事实，用一般现在时。主语为I，谓语为hope，宾语为to make new friends。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：I hope to make new friends.

38．考查there be句型和时态。分析句子可知，动作将要发生用一般将来时，这里表存在的句型，故为there will be句型，表语为students，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：There'll be students from different schools.

39．考查there be句型和时态。分析句子可知，动作将要发生用一般将来时，这里表存在的句型，故为there will be句型，表语为some experts，to show作目的状语，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：There'll be some experts there to show us how to live in the wild.

40．考查be going to句型和时态。分析句子可知，动作将要发生，并根据提示用句型be going to do表将来时，主语为we，谓语are going to learn about，宾语wildlife，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：We’re going to learn about wildlife.

41．考查be going to句型和时态。分析句子可知，动作将要发生，并根据提示用句型be going to do表将来时，主语为I，谓语am going to give，宾语a speech，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：I'm going to give a speech.

42．考查be going to句型和时态。分析句子可知，主句为I think，从句动作将要发生，并根据提示用固定句型be going to do表将来时，主语为I，谓语think，宾语从句I’m going to enjoy the activities. 再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：I think I’m going to enjoy the activities.

43．考查时态。分析句子可知，主句为I think，从句动作将要发生要用一般将来时。主语为 I，谓语为think，宾语从句we'll have a lot of fun。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：I think we'll have a lot of fun.