八年级英语人教版上册例题与讲解：Unit3Immoreoutgoingthanmysister.SectionB&SelfCheck
展开Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
Section B & Self Check
Section B 2b
Jeff Green
My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.I'm quieter and more serious than most kids.That's why I like reading books and studying harder in class.My best friend Yuan Li is quiet too，so we enjoy studying together.I'm shy so it's not easy for me to make friends.①But I think friends are like books—you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.
Huang Lei
It's not necessary to be the same.My best friend Larry is quite different from me.He is taller and more outgoing than me.We both like sports，but he plays tennis better，so he always wins.②I'm getting better，though.As Larry often says，③“My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.” However，Larry is much less hardworking，so I always get better grades.④Maybe I should help him more.
Mary Smith
I don't really care if my friends are the same as me or different.My favorite saying is，⑤“A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” My best friend Carol is really kind and very funny.⑥In fact，she's funnier than anyone I know.I broke my arm last year but she made me laugh and feel better.⑦We can talk about and share everything.I know she cares about me because she's always there to listen.,
杰夫·格林
我妈妈告诉我好朋友就像一面镜子。我比大多数孩子安静、稳重。那就是为什么在课堂上我喜欢读书、学习更努力的原因。我最好的朋友袁立也安静，所以我们喜欢一块儿学习。我腼腆，所以对我来说交朋友不容易。但是我认为朋友就像书籍——只要是好的，你不需要许多。
黄磊
没有必要彼此一样。我最好的朋友拉里和我非常不同。他比我高，比我外向。我们两个都喜欢运动，但是他打网球更好，所以他总是赢。尽管如此，我打得比以前更好了。正如拉里常说的：“我最好的朋友帮助我展示最好的自我。”然而，拉里不够勤奋，所以我总是取得更好的成绩。也许我应该更多地帮助他。
玛丽·史密斯[来源:Zxxk.Com]
我真的不关心我的朋友和我相同还是不同。我最喜欢的谚语是：“一个真正的朋友会向你伸出手，触动你的心灵。”我最好的朋友卡罗尔很友好并非常幽默。事实上，她比我认识的任何一个人都幽默。去年我摔伤了我的胳膊，但是她逗我发笑，使我感到好多了。我们可以谈论并分享任何事情。我知道她关心我，因为她总是在那儿聆听。
1．A good friend is talented in music.好朋友在音乐方面有天赋。
talented adj. 有才能的；有才干的
be talented in 在某方面有天赋
His daughter is talented in singing.
他女儿在唱歌方面有天赋。
talent n. 天资；天赋
Mozart has talent for music.
莫扎特有音乐天赋。
【例题】The boy ______ maths.
A．is talented B．has talent
C．is talented in D．has talent in
点拨：表示“在某方面有天赋”可用be talented in，也可用have talent for，浏览选项可知C项符合。
答案：C
2.A good friend truly cares about me.好朋友真的关心我。
truly adv. 真正；确实
Can your new friend truly help you?
你的新朋友真的能帮你吗？
true adj. 真实的
This is a true story.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
这是一个真实的故事。
truth n. 事实
Please tell us the truth.
请告诉我们事情的真相。
care v．在意；担忧；关心
I don't care how others think.
我不在意他人怎么想。
care for 关心；照料
She's caring for the children.
她在照顾这些孩子们。
care n. 关怀，关心
take care 当心；小心
Please take care when you go out.
你出去时请当心。
take care of 照顾；照料
The little boy can take care of himself.
这小男孩能照顾自己。
careful adj.仔细的；小心的
Be careful！There're many cars on the road.
当心！路上车多。
carefully adv. 仔细地；小心地
You should ride a bike carefully.
你应当小心地骑车。
【例1】 What I said is ______.You can ______ find out the ______.
A．true；truly；truth B．truly；true；truth
C．truth；true；truly D．true；truth；truly
点拨：is是系动词，其后接形容词作表语，故用true；the是定冠词，后接名词truth；truly是副词，修饰动词find out，故选A项。
答案：A
【例2】My father ______what I do.
A．care B．careful
C．carefully D．cares
解析[来源:Z§xx§k.Com] | 主语是my father，后缺谓语动词，故排除B项，形容词；C项为副词也排除；又由于主语是第三人称单数，故动词用第三人称单数形式。 | 答案[来源:学|科|网][来源:学科网ZXXK] |
D | ||
句意 | 我父亲很关心我所做的事情。 | |
【例3】 用care的适当形式填空
1．Take ______；the train is coming.
2．Be______when you cross the street.
3．Listen ______，or you can't understand it.
4．When she was a child，her grandma ______for her very much.
点拨：1.句意为“当心，火车就要来了”。此处应用care。2.句意为“当你横穿街道的时候要小心”。be动词后要接形容词形式。3.句意为“仔细听，否则你就不理解”。修饰动词应用副词。4.句意为“当她是个孩子的时候，她的祖母非常关心她”。
答案：1.care 2.careful 3.carefully 4.cared
3．For me，a good friend likes to do the same things as me.对我来说，好朋友喜欢跟我做一样的事情。
for prep. 对于，至于，表示对象。
For us，it's very important to finish the work on time.
对我们来说，按时完成工作非常重要。
the same...as... the same 和as可以连用也可以分开用。意为“和……一样”，其中same前必须用定冠词the。这里的as是一个连词，其后的me也可用主格I，还可以用省略的“主语＋助动词”结构。
Jane's best friends like to do the same things as she does.
简最好的朋友喜欢与她干一样的事情。
the same as 的反义短语是：be different from 与……不同
Our school is different from theirs.
我们的学校和他们的不同。
He is always thinking he is different from others.
他总是认为自己和别人不同。
【例1】______me，it's a good chance(机会)．
A．To B．For
C．As D．At
解析 | for sb.意为“对某人来说”。 | 答案 |
B | ||
句意 | 对我来说，这是一个好机会。 | |
【例2】 We have the same hobbies______she.
A．like B．than
C．as D．with
解析 | the same...as...是固定搭配，意为“和……一样”。 | 答案 |
C | ||
句意 | 我们和她有同样的爱好。 | |
【例3】 City life is ______ country life.
A．difference from B．different from
C．different as D．difference as
点拨：表示“与……不同”时用短语be different from。先排除C、D两项，介词错误；再排除A项，词形有误。句意为“城市生活与农村生活不同”。表示“与……不同”时用短语be different from。
答案：B
4.They're both tall.他们两个都高。
both adj.& pron. 两个；两个都
Both of them are right.他们两人都对。
both作代词，放在系动词be、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。
They are both doctors.
她们两个都是医生。
both...and... 两者都；既……又……，连接两个并列的成分。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Both she and I are going to do some shopping.
我和她打算去购物。
【例题】 —How many children do you have，Mrs. Green?
—A son and a daughter.And they are ______ students now.
A．both B．all
C．every D．each
A | 两个(都)；两者(都) | √ | B | 三者或三者以上都 | × |
C | 三者以上中的每个 | × | D | 两者或两者以上中的每一个 | × |
句意 | “你有几个孩子，格林夫人？”“一个儿子和一个女儿。他们两个现在都是学生。” | ||||
5．①But I think friends are like books—you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.但是我认为朋友就像书籍——只要是好的，你不需要许多。
本句是含有宾语从句的复合句，在宾语从句中，as long as引导了条件状语从句。
as long as 只要；既然
相当于so long as，引导条件状语从句。
I'll accept any job as/so long as I don't have to get up early.
只要不必早起，任何工作我都可以接受。
As long as you are going，I'll go too.
既然你要去，那么我也去。
【例题】______ you work hard，I'll buy a new computer for you.
A．as long as B．as well as
C．As long as D．As well as
点拨：as long as意为“只要”；as well as意为“也”，根据句意“只要你努力学习，我就给你买台新电脑”可知B，D两项不符；放于句首，故选C项。
答案：C
6.②I'm getting better，though.尽管如此，我打得比以前更好了。
though adv. 不过；可是；然而 conj. 虽然；尽管；不过
(1)作副词时，放在句末或其他位置。
He said he would come，he didn't，though.
他说他要来，结果却没来。
(2)作连词，引导让步状语从句，相当于although。
在英语里如用了although 或though，就不能再用but，但可以用yet或still。
Though he is young，yet he knows a lot.
虽然他年龄小，但是他知道很多。
though，although
二者都可引导让步状语从句，放在主句前后均可，还可放在句中。但有时不可互换。
(1)though引导的从句，可用倒装语序，although不能这样用。
Young though she is，yet she is fit for the job.
尽管她很年轻，可她胜任这项工作。
(2)though可与别的词结合，如even though，而although 没有这种功能。
Even though you come，I have no time.
即使你来，我也没有时间。
【例1】Tony still went to school ______ he had caught a bad cold.
A．and B．because
C．though D．so
解析 | A、B、D三项与句意不符。 | 答案 |
C | ||
句意 | 尽管托尼得了重感冒，但他还是去上学了。 | |
【例2】 Rich ______he was，he was not happy.
A．although B．though
C．if D．for
解析 | 这里是由though引导的倒装结构的让步状语从句，此时不能与although 互换。结构为“形容词/副词/名词(单数)＋though＋主语＋谓语”。 | 答案 |
B | ||
句意 | 尽管他富有，但却不快乐。 | |
7．③My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.我最好的朋友帮助我展示最好的自我。
bring out 使显现；使表现出
Difficulties can bring out a person's qualities.
困境能使一个人发挥最大的优点。
bring out the best in sb.使某人显现最好的方面
bring out the worst in sb.使某人显现最丑恶的方面
The party brought out the worst in Bill.
这次宴会使比尔显现出了最丑恶的一面。
【例题】Don't worry.I think you can ______ out the best ______ you.
A．take；in B．bring；in
C．take；at D．bring；at
点拨：bring out the best in sb.意为“使某人显现最好的方面”，浏览各选项可知B项正确。句意为“不要担心。我相信你会展示你最好的方面”。
答案：B
8．④Maybe I should help him more.也许我应该更多地帮助他。
should model v. 应该；应当；可以
是情态动词，后接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化。否定形式为：shouldn't。
We should say sorry to him.
我们应该向他道歉。
You shouldn't do like that.
你不应该那样做。
【例题】As long as you're tired，you ______ go to the party.
A．must B．doesn't
C．isn't D．shouldn't
点拨：根据前半句“既然你累了”可知“你不该去参加宴会了”，故选D项。
答案：D
9.⑤A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.一个真正的朋友会向你伸出手，触动你的心灵。
reach v. 伸手；到达；抵达
(1)作动词“伸手”讲时，是不及物动词。
The boy wants to reach for his toy.
这男孩想伸手去拿他的玩具。
(2)作动词“到达；抵达”时，是及物动词，后接地点名词或副词。
They reached home last night.
他们昨天晚上到家的。
reach，get to，arrive
这三个词都有到达的意思，其用法如下：
reach是及物动词，get 是不及物动词，后接名词时要加to；arrive是不及物动词，接名词时要加介词in(大地方)，at(小地方)；
reach＋地点名词＝arrive in(at)＝get to＋地点名词
reach＋here (there，home)＝arrive＋here(there，home)＝get＋here (there，home)
Mike arrives in China today.＝Mike gets to China today.＝Mike reaches China today.
迈克今天到达中国。
They often arrive at the station at 8：00.＝They often get to the station at 8：00.＝They often reach the station at 8：00.
他们经常八点到达车站。
What time do you usually arrive home at noon？＝What time do you usually get home at noon？＝What time do you usually reach home at noon?
中午你通常几点到家？
【例1】 Will you ______ the station at ten?
A．get to B．reach to
C．arrive D．get
点拨：the station是名词，故排除C、D两项，它们是不及物动词，接宾语时要加相应的介词；reach是及物动词，后直接加名词，故排除B项。
答案：A
【例2】 What time does the train ______？
A．get to B．arrive
C．reach D．arrive in
点拨：根据空格后没有词，说明此处用不及物动词；A、D两项后需加宾语；C项是及物动词，排除。句意为“火车几点到？”
答案：B
【例3】 同义句转换
①Tom gets to school at seven in the morning every day.
Tom ______ ______ school at seven in the morning every day.
Tom ______ school at seven in the morning every day.
②They reached there on a rainy afternoon.
They ______ there on a rainy afternoon.
点拨：
①school是地点名词，故 get to＝arrive at＝reach，故空处分别为：arrives at；reaches。
②there是副词，故 reach＝get＝arrive。空内是：got/arrived
答案：
①arrives at；reaches ②got/arrived
10．⑥In fact，she's funnier than anyone I know.事实上，她比我认识的任何一个人都幽默。
in fact 确切地说；事实上；实际上
在句中作状语，常用来强调或更正前句。
He likes sports show.In fact，he prefers game shows.
他喜欢体育节目。事实上，他更喜欢游戏节目。
No，I don't work.In fact，I've never had a job.
不，我不工作。事实上，我从来没有过一份工作。
【例题】He said nothing about the TV show.______，he didn't watch it.
A．In fact B．First
C．Last D．In all
点拨：A项意为“实际上”；B项意为“首先；起初”；C项意为 “最后”；D项意为“总起来说”。句意为“对这部电视节目他什么也没说。实际上，他没有看”。故A项符合句意。
答案：A
11.⑦We can talk about and share everything.我们可以谈论并分享任何事情。
share v. 分享；共享；共用；分摊
常用share sth.with sb.，意为“和某人分享；和某人共用”。
My sister and I shared the same room.
我和我姐姐同住一室。
I really want you to share happiness with me.
我真想让你和我共享快乐。
【例题】All his friends ______ his happiness when he won the match.
A．shared B．shared from
C．shared with D．shared like
点拨：句意为“他所有的朋友在他比赛获胜时，都分享他的快乐”。B、D两项短语错误，C项with后接某人，故排除。
答案：A
12．My best friend is similar to Larry because she's less hardworking than me.我最好的朋友像拉里，因为她不如我勤勉。
本句是含有原因状语从句的复合句。
similar adj. 相似的；类似的
可作定语和表语。
My best friend and I have similar hobbies.
我和我最好的朋友有相似的爱好。
be similar to 与……相像的；类似的
My new hairstyle is similar to yours.
我的新发型和你的相似。
similar与in连用时，构成be similar in sth.意为“在某方面相似/相仿”。
The two buildings are similar in style.
这两座大楼在形式上相似。
similar和same
二者都可作形容词，含义不同。
similar大致相似的；类似的
The brothers look similar.
他们兄弟俩看上去很像。
same相同的；同样的，前面要加定冠词the。
They have the same age.他们的年龄相同。
【例1】 根据汉语意思完成下列句子
①你的问题和他的相似。
Your problem is ______ ______his.
②我们的观点相似。
We have ______ ______.
③这两辆车颜色相似。
The two cars are ______ ______color.
答案：①similar to ②similar views ③similar in
【例2】 Andrew is ______his father in many ways；especially，they are both tall.
A．similar to B．the same like
C．similar with D．different from
点拨：根据句子的后部分“尤其他们两个都很高”，排除D项；表示“与某人一样”用短语the same as，故排除B项；而similar后常接介词to，故排除C项。句意为“安德鲁在许多方面像他爸爸，尤其是他们两个都很高”。
答案：A
13.So who do you think should get the job，Jenny or Jill？那么你认为谁应该获得这份工作，珍妮还是吉尔？
本句中的who是句子的主语，do you think是插入语，用于宾语从句中，置于疑问副词或疑问代词(组)后，若去掉do you think，剩下的特殊疑问句依然完整。
When do you think he will come?
你认为他什么时候会来？
【例题】 Where do you think ______？
A．he comes from B．does he come from
C．he come from D．do he come from
解析 | He 为第三人称单数，一般现在时的陈述句语序中，实义动词应用第三人称单数。 | 答案 |
A | ||
句意 | 你认为他来自哪里？ | |
怎样询问他人是谁？如何谈论你喜欢的朋友？本单元的交际用语会帮助你。
本单元涉及询问及应答是谁，谈论自己喜欢拥有何种朋友的交际用语。
1．Is that Sam?
那是萨姆吗？
本句是用来询问不熟悉的人的语言。此时，答语中常用it作主语。
—Is this Xiao Feng?
这是萧峰吗？
—No，it isn't.不，不是。
2．For me，a good friend likes to do the same things as me.
对我来说，好朋友喜欢跟我做一样的事情。
本句用来谈论你喜欢拥有什么样的朋友。
—I think a good friend studies hard.
我认为好朋友学习刻苦。
—I don't think so.I think a good friend makes me laugh.
我认为不是这样。我认为好朋友要让我开心。
【例题】 根据句意和首字母提示，完成对话中的单词
Holly：Hi，Pedro.What m______ you so happy？Do you have any good news?
Pedro：There's a new comer in our class.His name's Vince.
Holly：W______ does he look like?
Pedro：He is of the same height and build a______ me.My classmates say we look like the t______.
Holly：Is he calm?
Pedro：Yes，he is c______ than me.
Holly：Does he like playing basketball?
Pedro：Yes，he does.
Holly：Oh，you're really similar.
点拨：本段对话是介绍自己的新同学，并把他与自己作了一些比较，用到的大多是本单元学习的重点语句。1.句意为“什么事使你如此高兴”，make sb.happy意为“使某人高兴”。2.问“某人长得什么样”，用What does sb.look like？3.the same...as...结构。4.由上文知此处应填twins(双胞胎)。5.由上句知此处应填比较级calmer。
答案：1.makes 2.What 3.as 4.twins 5.calmer
写作指南
本单元的写作是记述人与人之间的异同的。在写这样的文章时，要抓住所要比较的人物的特点，从外貌特征、个性特点等方面进行描述。指出哪些方面具有相同点，哪些方面具有不同点，并正确使用形容词的比较级进行比较和分析，从而增进人与人之间的了解和友谊。写作时，语言要简练，对比要鲜明。可以先介绍一人，再介绍另一人；也可以同时就某一方面对双方进行对比。
以My Best Friend and I 为题写一篇短文，比较自己与好朋友的特征，不少于60词。
My Best Friend and I
Linda is my best friend.In some ways we look the same and in some ways we look different.We both have black eyes and black hair.She is taller than I．Also she is more careful.I am more outgoing than her，and I'm funnier.We both have a good habit.Linda likes reading and I do，too.So you see，I like friends who have the same habits as me.
点评：开头点明Linda是最好的朋友。接着点出我和好朋友的相同与不同之处，注重运用了本单元的重点语法——比较级。最后谈了自己的交友观，从而突出主题。
