英语必修 第二册Unit 3 On the move导学案及答案

Unit 3 On the move

1．surf v．冲浪→surfing n．冲浪(运动)

2．represent v．代表，表示→representation n．代表，描绘→representative n．代表 adj.典型的，有代表性的

3．soldier n．士兵，军人→soldierly adj.有军人气质的；英武的

4．equip v．装备，配备→equipment n．装备，设备，用具

5．defend v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫→defender n．防守队员；后卫

6．die v．死，死亡→dead adj.死的→death n．死，死亡→dying adj.快要死的

1．represent v．代表，表示；描述，描绘；表明，意味着

①Mr.Black was chosen to represent the company at the conference. 代表

②This painting represents the first settlers arriving in America.

描述，描绘

③This essay represents a considerable improvement on your recent work.

 表明，表示

2．goal n．球门；进球得分；目标，目的

①He will keep goal in the football match tomorrow. 球门

②The crowd cheered when the home team scored a goal. 进球得分

③You should set yourself a goal at the beginning of each school year.目标，目的

Words and Phrases

知识要点1　represent v．代表，表示；描述，描绘；表明，意味着

(教材P26)Talk about what you think these things represent in a football game.

谈谈你认为这些东西在足球比赛中代表什么。

[例]　The annual­rings represent the amount of wood formed each year.

年轮代表着每年生成的木材量。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The article represents the millionaire as a simple family man.

②This novel is a vivid representation(represent) of the darkness of that period.

③As a representative(represent) of resettled people，I support the construction of the project.

④这门课太难了；我真的不知道该如何向你表达。

The subject is so difficult; I really don't know how to represent it to you．

知识要点2　go back 追溯

(教材P26)The history of the game goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China.

足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。

[例]　The old museum goes back 100 years，which is worth visiting.

这个古老的博物馆可追溯到100年前，值得参观。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①It's a tradition that goes back at least 100 years.

②Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving girl，which dates(date) back to the Han Dynasty.

③It's a pity that the famous old town dating(date) from the Ming Dynasty was destroyed by a fire.

④在中国，人们种植和使用竹子的历史可以追溯到7 000年前。

In China，the history of people planting and using bamboo can go back/date back 7，000 years.

[名师点津]

go back (to)/date back (to)/date from常指以“现在”为起点向前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时。它们没有进行时态，也不能用于被动语态，作定语时要用现在分词形式。

知识要点3　basis n．基础；根据

(教材P26)That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.

足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。

[例]　The basis of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.

她意见的根据是从杂志里看来的。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①I suggested that we meet on a regular basis to discuss the progress.

②Based(base) on trust，the restaurant is working all right.

③Basically(basic)，I agree with your suggestion，but there are still a few points I'd like to discuss with you.

④这本书是在仔细观察与细致研究的基础上撰写的。

The book was written on the basis of careful observations and detailed studies.

知识要点4　equipment n．装备，设备，用具

(教材P26)You don't need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn't have to cost much money.

不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。

[例]　With the modern equipment，our work was finished ahead of time.

有了现代设备，我们的工作提前完成了。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①As students，we should equip ourselves with knowledge.

②Our new school is equipped(equip) with all the necessaries in teaching.

③实验室起火后，大量设备被损坏了。

After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment was damaged．

[语境助记]

The school has been rebuilt and it is well equipped.Much money has been spent on the office equipment.

知识要点5　content n．满意，满足；内容 v．使满意，使满足 adj.满意的，满足的

(教材P26)All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pelé did when he was a boy.

在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球——就像贝利小时候那样。

[例]　This is a good book as far as its content is concerned.

就内容来说，这是一本好书。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①She dropped her purse and the contents(content) fell out on the floor.

②As there is no butter，we shall have to content ourselves with dry bread.

③My parents are content to live(live) in the countryside，where the air is clean and vegetables are fresh.

④她待在图书馆里，在那里她可以尽情地看书。

She stayed in the library，where she could read to her heart's content．

知识要点6　defend v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫；保护，保卫；辩护

(教材P26)You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players—how they use their bodies to pass，score and defend can be amazing to see ...

你不用成为球迷也能看明白职业球员的球技有多么好——他们运用身体传球、得分、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱……

[例]　The best way to defend is to attack.

最好的防御就是进攻。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The wall was built to defend the road from being washed(wash) away by the sea water.

②When he was in danger，two friends came to his defence(defend)．

③More and more women today have learned to arise in defence of their legal rights.

④不管代价如何，我们都要抵御敌人，保卫我们的城市。

We shall defend our city against the enemy whatever the cost may be.

[语境助记]

In time of war，lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.

知识要点7　put down 放下；记下；镇压

(教材P27)World War Ⅰhad broken out months before，but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together ...

虽然当时第一次世界大战已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球……

[例]　Let me put down your telephone number in case I forget it.

让我记下你的电话号码以免忘记。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Don't put off till tomorrow what can be done today.

②Put away the tools after work，will you?

③Smoking is forbidden here.Please put your cigarette out．

④玛丽真的擅长记课堂笔记，她几乎能记下老师说的每个词。

Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put down almost every word her teacher says.

知识要点8　conflict n．武装冲突，战斗，战争，冲突，矛盾 v．矛盾，冲突，抵触

(教材P27) ...one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.

……这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。

[例]　Armed conflict may break out at any moment.

武装冲突有一触即发之势。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①She often comes into conflict with her mother­in­law.

②If so，your points of view are bound to conflict with his.

③她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。

She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.

知识要点9　a matter of 关乎……的事情

(教材P27)Some people believe football is a matter of life and death，...

有些人认为足球事关生死，……

[例]　I take this seriously.It's a matter of principle.

我对此很认真，这是原则问题。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Whether or not he is any good as a manager is a matter of opinion.

②As a matter of fact，I know nothing about this book.

③I lost my way in the forest，and to make matters worse(bad)，it became dark.

④这是生死攸关的大事，我们不可掉以轻心。

It's a matter of life and death，and we can't treat it lightly.

Sentence Patterns

重点句式1　given that引导条件状语从句

(教材P26)Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon，we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!

想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！

句式分析：given that意为“考虑到，鉴于，如果，倘若，只要”，用作连词引导条件状语从句。

[例1]　Given that you had very little help，I think you did very well under the circumstances.

考虑到你帮手不多，我想在这种情况下，你已经干得不错了。

[例2]　Given that there is no traffic delay，I will be there on time.

只要没有交通阻塞，我会按时到那儿。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①I will accompany you provided/providing(provide) that I am well enough.

②Given(give) that he's had six months to do this，he hasn't made much progress.

③Suppose/Supposing(suppose) that we miss the train，what shall we do?

④倘若他能再一次得到机会的话，他肯定会成功的。

Given/Provided/Providing/Suppose/Supposing that he can get another chance，he will surely succeed.

重点句式2　it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语

(教材P28)It is amazing to see how professional players use their bodies to pass，score and defend.

看职业球员运用身体传球、得分、防守是令观众眼花缭乱的。

句式分析：It is amazing to see...是句式“It is＋adj.＋to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。

[例1]　It is interesting to look at differences between schools in different countries.

了解不同国家的学校之间的差异是很有趣的。

[例2]　It is not easy to make him change his mind.

让他改变主意不容易。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①It is necessary for us to practise speaking English every day.

②It was crazy of you to go skating on such thin ice.

③It took them about half an hour to work(work) out the difficult maths problem.

④你在作文中犯了这么多错误太粗心了。

It is careless of you to make so many mistakes in your composition.

1．Football as we know it today started in Great Britain，where the game was given new rules.

分析：此句为主从复合句。Football started in Great Britain是句子的主干，其中as we know it today是as引导的定语从句修饰先行词Football；逗号后面为where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Great Britain。

译文：我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国，在那里给这项运动制定了新的规则。

2．That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.

分析：此句为主从复合句。That football is such a simple game to play是that引导的主语从句，其中to play为不定式作定语修饰game；后面的is perhaps the basis ...构成系表结构。

译文：足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Nowadays many people love surfing(surf) on the Internet.

2．Don't be content with such a small success.

3．A computer is the most important piece of equipment(equip) you will buy.

4．I think we should consider the two factors(factor) about the problem.

5．What points can be raised in defence(defend) of this argument?

6．I have the honor to have been sent as their representative(represent)．

7．Your statement is in conflict with the rest of the evidence.

8．Some videos have been banned on the basis that they are too violent.

9．It is impossible for me to be(be) there before eight.

10．Given(give) that the contract is strictly carried out，we will give you another bigger contract.

Ⅱ.短语填空

go back，be known as，to one's heart's content，end with，what's more，break down，take ...for example，break out，put down，a matter of

1．My interest in stamp collecting goes back to my school days.

2．She is known as a successful singer and composer.

3．The quality of the ambulance service is a matter of life and death.

4．It's a useful book，and what's more，not an expensive one.

5．Not long after his return，a local war broke out near his town.

6．She put down the phone，sighed，and shook her head sadly.

7．The children were allowed to watch the cartoon to their hearts' content．

8．It's possible to recover from some types of cancer.Take skin cancer for example．

9．The lecture ended with a poem of an ancient Chinese poet.

10．The pill which contains this kind of chemical can break down the fat in the body.

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

Nowadays，football is popular enough to attract millions of players and fans all over the world.It has a history that 1.goes(go) back over two thousand years to Ancient China.In fact，football we now play started in Great Britain，where the game 2.was given(give) new rules.

The reasons why football is so popular are as follows: First，football is such a simple and cheap game to play 3.that you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball 4.made(make) of plastic bags; just like Pelé did when he was a boy.

Next，it is a game with 5.creativity(create) and excitement on the field.It is amazing 6.to see(see) how professional players use their bodies to pass，score and defend，or to feel the excitement of a game 7.ending(end) with a surprising twist.

What's more，football breaks 8.down walls and brings people together on and off the field.For example，British and German 9.soldiers(soldier) put down their guns and played football together on Christmas Day 1914.So just as Bill Shankly said，football is much more important 10.than just a sport.