冀教版初中英语八年级上册宾语从句讲义+练习（一）

这是一份冀教版初中英语八年级上册宾语从句讲义+练习（一），共6页。主要包含了宾语从句概念，宾语从句中引导词的用法，宾语从句的语序，宾语从句的时态，宾语从句的特点等内容，欢迎下载使用。
二、宾语从句中引导词的用法
在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：
连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if
代词：wh, whse, what ,which
副词：when ,where, hw, why 等。
(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)
可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：
say, think, insist, wish, hpe, demand, imagine, wnder, knw, suppse, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, rder, cmmand, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, ntice, prefer, request, require, prpse, declare, reprt等。
例句：The by believes that he will travel thrugh space t ther planets.
注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppse, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
例句：I dn’t think it is right fr him t treat yu like that.
在以下情况中that不能省略
1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。
例句：He said (that) yu were t yung t understand the matter and that he was asked nt t tell yu.
2、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。
例句：I can’t tell him that his mther died.
注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。
例句：I find it necessary that we shuld d the hmewrk n time.
(二)由whether,if 引导的宾语从句
由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。
例句：I wnder whether(if) they will cme t ur party.
只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句
1、在带t的不定式前
例句：We decided whether t walk there.
2、在介词的后面
例句：I’m thinking f whether we shuld g t see the film.
3、在动词后面的宾语从句时
例句：We discussed whether we had a sprts meeting next week.
4、直接与r nt连用时
例句：I can’t say whether r nt they can cme n time.
只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句
1、if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”
例句：The students will g n a picnic if it is sunny.
2、if引导否定概念的宾语从句时
例句：He asked if I didn’t cme t schl yesterday.
(三)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, knw, decide, shw, find ut, imagine, suggest, dubt, wnder, discver, understand, infrm, advise等。
英语中的连接代词有：wh,whm,whse,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。
例句：Can yu tell me whm yu are waiting fr?
英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,hw，在句中担任状语的成分。
例句：Nne f us knws where these new parts can be bught.
三、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
例句：Culd yu tell me when the train will leave?
四、宾语从句的时态
1、主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
（主现从任意)
例句：The headmaster hpes everything ges well.
I knw he lived here ten years ag.
主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
（主过从过去相应的某个时态）
例句：She was srry that she hadn’t finished her wrk n time.
3、当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
：The teacher tld his class that light travels faster than sund.
五、宾语从句的特点
1、宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
2、宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
3、连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。
4、whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟r nt;whether从句可作介词的宾语。5、如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it。
宾语从句小口诀：
宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；
主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；
主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；
陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,
特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
练习
1. Culd yu tell me ___________?
A. where d yu live B. wh yu are waiting fr
C. wh were yu waiting fr D. where yu live in
2. D yu still remember _______?
A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say
3. I can’t understand ______the by alne.
A. why she left B. why did she leave
C. why she had left D. why had she left
4.She tld me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rse C. rises D. had risen
5. ---We dn’t knw _____________.
---It is said that he was brn in Sweden.
A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he cmes frm
D. which cuntry is he frm
6. The dctr asked me hw lng ________ .
A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill
D. I had been ill
7.The weather frecast desn’t say _________.
A. if it rains tmrrw B. if des it rain tmrrw
C. if it will rain tmrrw D. if will it rain tmrrw
8. He asked me _______ I culd sing the sng "My Heart will G On."
A. if B. weather C.what D. that
9. I am sure _______ yu said is true.
A. what B. that C. which D. wh