2021学年Unit 4 Natural disasters同步训练题

这是一份2021学年Unit 4 Natural disasters同步训练题，共6页。

请同学们认真完成 [练案17]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What have been dne r will be dne t rescue the peple in the __disaster__(灾难)?
2．Carefully she __slid__(滑行) alng the ice.
3．He __rescued__(营救) three children frm the burning building.
4．The strm did a lt f __damage__(损坏) t the building and crps in Hunan prvince.
5．He cngratulated himself n having __survived__(幸存) the air－crash.
6．Frgs eat pests which __destry__(毁灭) crps and carry diseases.
7．The amunt f rain __affects__(影响) the grwth f crps.
8．The heavy rain __ruined__(破坏) ur hliday.
9．We were all __shcked__(震惊) by the disaster.
10．The nly reasn why I was diving fr water was because f the __drught__(干旱)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Several cars were __damaged__(damage) in the crash.
2．It didn’t take lng befre the building was__destryed__(destry)．
3．As I was much __affected__(affect) by the stry f Cng Fei，I am als determined t be a vlunteer wrker.
4．He was shcked __at/by__ her smking.
5．We must hld n until peple cme t ur rescue if we __are trapped__(trap) in an earthquake.
6．After the divrce，she buried herself __in__ her wrk.
7．Peple shuld spare n effrt __t prtect__(prtect) the envirnment.
8．He’s suffering __frm__ a bad cld.
9．Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it __happened__(happen) yesterday.
10．After the earthquake，the beautiful city was __in__ ruins.
Ⅲ.选词填空
think f，as if，lk up，as usual，suffer frm，in ruins，set up，dig ut，in shck，g thrugh
1．Let’s __think f__ sme questins abut life.
2．They __have set up__ schls, factries and hspitals in this pr area.
3．We all knw that we can’t live __as usual__ withut gd health.
4．If yu can’t keep healthy, yu will ften __suffer frm__ yur weak bdy.
5．She __went thrugh__ many things and suffered a lt at an early age.
6．After the big fire, the main building f the church was __in ruins__.
7．He suddenly rushed ut, leaving all the peple in the rm __in shck__.
8．I ften __lk up__ the new wrds while I read and I can’t understand the sentence.
9．The press watchdgs (狗仔队) spare n effrt t __dig ut__ the secrets f thse famus peple.
10．He talks with a stranger __as if__ they were gd friends.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Earthquakes are smething that peple fear.There are sme places that have few r n earthquakes.Mst places in the wrld，hwever，have them regularly.Cuntries that have a lt f earthquakes are usually quite muntainus (多山的)．
The mst talked abut earthquake in the United States was in San Francisc in 1906.Over 700 peple died in it.The strngest ne in Nrth America was in 1964.It happened in Alaska.
Strng earthquakes are nt always the nes that kill the mst peple.In 1755，ne f the strngest earthquakes ever recrded was felt in Prtugal.Arund 2,000 peple died.
In 1923，the Great Kantō Earthquake happened in Japan.A hundred and frty thusand peple died.Mst f them died in fires which fllwed the earthquake.
One f the wrst earthquakes hit China in 1976.It killed a large number f peple.The wrst earthquake ever reprted was als in China，in which abut 400,000 peple were killed r injured.This earthquake happened in 1556.
Earthquakes wrry peple a lt.The reasn is that we ften d nt knw when they are cming.Peple can nt prepare fr them.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上几次强烈的大地震所造成的严重危害，并对其原因进行了阐述。
1．We can infer frm the passage that __C__.
A．peple are nt afraid f earthquakes
B．nly strng earthquakes kill a large number f peple
C．a large number f earthquakes ften happen next t muntains
D．earthquakes happen nly in a few places alng the cast
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Earthquakes are smething that peple fear.”(人们害怕地震)，可知A项错误，排除A；从文章对有关地震所致伤亡情况的叙述来看，并不只是强地震才会导致伤亡惨重，B项错误，排除B；根据第一段最后一句“Cuntries that have a lt f earthquakes are usually quite muntainus (多山的)．”可知地震多发生在多山的国家。故选C。
2．Hw many peple died in the earthquake which happened in Prtugal in 1755？__D__
A．500. B．140,000.
C．400,000.D．Abut 2,000.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Arund 2,000 peple died.”可知在1755年，发生在葡萄牙的地震大约有2000人死亡。故选D。
3．When and where was the wrst earthquake ever reprted？__B__
A．1964；Alaska.B．1556；China.
C．1923；Japan.D．1976；China.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段三、四句“The wrst earthquake ever reprted was als in China，in which abut 400,000 peple were killed r injured.This earthquake happened in 1556.”可知史上最严重的地震发生在1556年，中国。故选B。
4．Accrding t the passage，which f the fllwing is NOT true？__A__
A．The strnger the earthquake is，the mre peple are killed.
B．Earthquakes ften cme unexpectedly.
C．Earthquakes can cause fires.
D．Peple still dn’t knw when an earthquake will cme.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Strng earthquakes are nt always the nes that kill the mst peple.”可知“地震越强烈，越多人死亡”这个表述是错误的。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
N ne likes t fail.Whether it’s at wrk，at hme，r in anther area f yur life，failure is painful and it can als be cstly in terms f time，mney，r If yu never suffer a failure，then yu’re prbably nt pushing yurself t yur full ptential.The fllwing are sme tips n hw t pick yurself up after yu’ve failed.
Remember that ther peple fail ’ll tell yu abut that great new cntract (合同) they signed，nt the deal that failed eventually thugh they wrked n it fr mnths.But failure is nrmal，and lts f peple fail time and time again befre meeting with success.
Remind yurself f yur past successes.Failing desn’t mean that yu’re wrthless，r that yu’ll never achieve the things yu yu had high marks last term，r yu lst weight，r yu learned t play a musical instrument.Yu might want t write dwn a list f successes—things that yu’ve accmplished ver the past few years，whether big r small.If yu ever lack cnfidence，yu can g back and read ver that list.
__4.C__Yur past successes are imprtant，but s are yur past failures.Yu’ve made mistakes befre，and yu’ve survived them.Perhaps yu did badly in an exam，r lst yur temper and had t aplgize.It’s nt fun t think abut the times when things went wrng，but by acknwledging yur failures，yu can remind yurself that tday is n different.Just as yu recvered in the past，yu can recver frm yur recent failure t.
__5.A__Whatever ges wrng，yu’re prbably facing sme srt f decisin.Dn’t rush int making a hasty decisin，but d lk fr a frward path.That might require sme deep thinking.
A．Make a decisin.
B．Limit the damage caused.
C．Remind yurself f yur past failures.
D．Hwever，failure is a nrmal part f life.
E．Get sme advice and supprt frm thers.
F．Mst peple dn’t talk penly abut their failures.
G．Think f all the times in the past when yu’ve succeeded.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论“失败”。失败是生活中很正常的一部分大多数人不会公开谈论他们的失败。你过去的成功很重要，但你过去的失败也很重要。
解析：
1．根据上文提示“无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在生活的其他方面，失败都是痛苦的，而且还花费大量时间或金钱，或者两者兼而有之。”及下文提示“如果你从未经历过失败，那么你可能并没有将自己的潜力发挥到极致。”可知，D项“Hwever，failure is a nrmal part f life.”(然而，失败是生活中很正常的一部分。)承接上下文。故选D。
2．根据上文提示“记住别人也会失败。”可知，F项“Mst peple dn’t talk penly abut their failures.”(大多数人不会公开谈论他们的失败)承接上文。该项中的dn’t talk penly their failures和上文的ther peple fail t相吻合。故选F。
3．根据上文提示“失败并不意味着你一文不值，或者你永远无法实现你想要的东西。”及下文提示“也许你上学期成绩很好，也许你减肥了，也许你学会了演奏乐器。”可知，G项“Think f all the times in the past when yu’ve succeeded.”(想想过去你成功的所有时刻)承接上下文。故选G。
4．根据下文提示“你过去的成功很重要，但你过去的失败也很重要。”可知，C项“Remind yurself f yur past failures.”(提醒自己过去的失败)承接下文。故选C。
5．根据下文提示“不管出了什么问题，你都可能面临某种决定。”可知，A项“Make a decisin.”(做出一个决定)承接下文。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At 3∶42 a．m.，everything began t shake.It seemed as if the wrld was at an end！Eleven kilmetres __1.directly__(direct) belw the city，the __2.greatest__(great) earthquake f the 20th century had begun.It was felt in Beijing, __3.which__is mre than tw hundred kilmetres away.One－third f the natin __4.felt__(feel) it.A huge crack that was eight kilmetres lng and thirty metres wide cut acrss huses，rads and canals.Steam burst frm hles in the grund.Hard hills f rck became rivers f dirt.In fifteen terrible secnds a large city lay suffering f the peple __6.was__(be) extreme.Tw－thirds f __7.them__(they) died r were injured during the earthquake.Thusands f families were killed and many __8.children__(child) were left withut parents.The number f peple wh were killed r injured reached mre than 400,000.Then，later that afternn，anther big quake shk Tangshan.Mre buildings fell dwn.Water，fd，and electricity were hard __9.t get__(get)．Peple began t wnder __10.hw__lng the disaster wuld last.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了唐山大地震的发生以及灾难性的影响。
解析：
1．考查副词。句意：就在这座城市正下方11公里处，二十世纪最大的地震开始了。该空修饰介词短语belw the city，用副词。所以填directly。
2．考查最高级。句意同上。文中表示“最大的地震”。所以填greatest。
3．考查非限制性定语从句。“__3__ is mre than tw hundred kilmetres away”是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Beijing，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。所以填which。
4．考查时态。句意：全国三分之一的人都能感觉到它。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。所以填felt。
5．考查固定短语。句意：在可怕的十五秒钟内，一座大城市变成了废墟。in ruins成为“废墟”，该短语是固定短语。所以填in。
6．考查主谓一致。句意：人民的苦难是巨大的。抽象名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。
7．考查宾格代词。句意：其中三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤。f后面如果只有人称代词，就用宾格。所以填them。
8．考查名词复数。句意：许多孩子失去了父母。many修饰可数名词复数形式。所以填children。
9．考查固定句型。句意：水、食物和电都很难获得。be＋adj.＋t d，不定式主动结构表示被动含义。所以填t get。
10．考查宾语从句。句意：人们开始在想这场灾难会持续多久。“__10__ lng the disaster wuld last”是一个宾语从句，表示“多久”。所以填hw。