高考英语总复习必修3Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课件

这是一份高考英语总复习必修3Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课件，共40页。PPT课件主要包含了核心单词，astronomy，astronomer，system，systematic，的有体系的，religion，假设的推理的，theory，theoretic等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.____________ n.天文学→____________ n.天文学家2._________ n.系统；体系；制度→_____________ adj.系统
3._________ n.宗教；宗教信仰4._______ n.学说；理论→_________ n.理论家→_________adj.理论上的；空谈的→_____________ adj.理论的；理论上的；
5.________ prn.& n.& adj.〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿6.________ n.球体；地球仪；地球→________ adj.全球性的；
7._________ adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→___________adv.猛烈地→___________ n.暴力8.______________ n.大气层；气氛9._________ prep.与……不同；不像→________ prep.像10.___________ adj.基本的；基础的→___________ n.基础11.__________ adj.有害的→________ n.& vt.损害；伤害
fundamental
12.__________ vi.& vt.乘；增加13.________ vi.存在；生存→____________ n.存在14.________ adv.因此；于是
15._____________ n.谜；难题
vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难
→__________ adj.感到疑惑的→_________ adj.令人感到疑惑的16.__________ n.生物学→___________ n.生物学家17._________ adj.温和的；文雅的→_________ adv.温和地18._________ n.气候19._________ vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落20._________ n.& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力
21._________ vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮
1.in ________ 及时；终于2.________ eggs 下蛋
3.________ ________ t 产生；分娩4.in ne's ________ 轮到某人
阻止；制止6._________ ut 挡住(光线)
7.________ up 感到高兴；感到振奋8.________ that 既然
9.________ the ________ f 熟悉；掌握；理解10._________ ut 突发；爆发
11._________ ut fr 密切注意；当心；提防
1.N ne knws exactly hw the earth began, ______ __________________ s lng ag.没有人确切知道地球是怎样开始形成的，因为在很早很早以前它就形成了。2._________ ________ _________ ________ ___________was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billin years ag when thedust settled int a slid glbe.随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到 38～45 亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
3.The earth became _______ _________ ________ it was ntclear whether the shape wuld last ________ ________.地球(开始)变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。4.It explded ludly with fire and rck.They were in time tprduce carbn dixide, nitrgen, water vapur and ther gases,________ ________ ________ ________ the earth's atmsphere.它(地球)猛烈的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
The earth was just a clud f 1._________ (energy) dust after
the “Big Bang” ， and then the dust began t cmbine int a ball
mving arund the sun.The earth explded 2.________ (lud) withfire and rck, t be 3._______ time t prduce many things, whichwere t make the earth's atmsphere.Then water appeared n theearth and peple think it is imprtant fr the beginning f life.Itallwed the earth t disslve 4.__________ (harm) gases.Then lifebegan t develp.
Nbdy understd plants were the start f (multiply) and filled the first ceans and seas withxygen.This encuraged the 6.______________ (develp) f early
shellfish and fish.Land animals such as insects ， reptiles and
dinsaurs appeared after the 7.___________ (ne) green plantsappeared.Small clever animals spread all ver the earth.Theydevelped new 8.__________ (methd) f grwing, hunting andmving.T much carbn dixide is put int the atmsphere,9.__________ prevents heat frm the earth int space.Whether lifecntinues depends 10._______ whether this prblem can be slved.
1.He desn't believe in the ________ (exist) f Gd.2.Nw ________ yu are interested in traditinal Chineseculture, I think this festival wuld be a valuable experience.3.The ________ (vilent) f the typhn caused widespread
4.________ (like) traditinal gyms, app ­ backed gyms fferpeple flexible ptins t exercise.5.Smking is ________ (harm) t yur health.Yu'd better
give it up gradually.
6.Yu've made me suffer in the past, s nw yu, ________
yur turn, suffer again.
7.There was a ________ lk n the little girl's face because a________ prblem ________ her.(puzzle)8.The shrtage f water has becme a ________ (glbe)
9.A truck went ut f cntrl and crashed ________ the backf a bus.10.Let's g t the ftball game and cheer ________ urfavurite team.
1.harmful adj.有害的；伤害的harm n.& vt.损害；伤害；危害
be harmful t sb./sth.＝d harm t sb./sth.＝d sb./sth.harm＝
harm sb./sth.对……有害处；有害于……
There is n harm in (sb.'s) ding sth.(某人)做某事无害处。It des n harm (fr sb.) t d sth.(某人)做某事无害处。harmless adj.无害的
〖用法指引〗d 之后的 gd, harm 等都是抽象名词，根据要表达的意义，前面可以加 great，much，little，n 等修饰词。
(1)过量喝酒对你的身体有害。It ________ ________ ________ yur health t drink t
(2)他可能会拒绝，但问一问也无妨。He may say n, but there's ________ ________ ________
(3)As is knwn, lack f sleep des great harm ________ usstudents.(4)Yu needn't wrry because this snake is _________ (harm).
2.exist vi.存在；生存；维持生活
There exists/existed...某地有/存在……exist in 存在于……之中
exist n＝live n 靠……生存exist by 靠……为生
existing adj.现存的；现有的existent adj.存在的；现存的existence n.存在；生存
cme int existence 开始存在；成立；产生bring int existence (使)发生；产生in existence 现存的；现有的
〖用法指引〗exist 是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时。
(1)There ________ (exist) a generatin gap between the
yung and the ld.
(2)They can't exist ________ the mney he's earning.(3)Scientists have many theries abut hw the universe firstcame ________ existence.(4)I was unaware f his _________ (exist) until tday.
3.puzzle n.谜；难题
be in a puzzle 不知如何是好be in a puzzle abut sth.对某事迷惑不解set a puzzle fr sb.＝set sb.a puzzle 出个谜语叫某人猜puzzle abut/ver sth.苦苦思索；仔细琢磨puzzle sth.ut 琢磨出……的答案puzzle ne's brain 苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁puzzled adj.感到困惑的be puzzled by 被……迷惑puzzling adj.令人困惑的
由过去分词转化过来的形容词如：puzzled, cnfused，frightened，excited，tired，surprised 等，除了可以描述人的心理活动外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如 lk，vice， smile，expressin，face 等。
(1)What ________ (puzzle) me was why they didn't take his
been puzzling
(2)These scientists have ______________ (puzzle) abut hw
t slve the envirnmental prblem.
(3)It's quite ________ puzzle t us why he did that.(4)His last paintings are perhaps the mst ________ (puzzle),
which even puzzles all the artists.
4.pull n.& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力pull up 拔出；(使)停业
pull back 拉回来；缩回；(使)后退pull dwn 摧毁；拆毁；拆掉(房屋等)
pull in (车辆等)进站停靠；驶向路边(或某处)停靠pull ut 拔出；(列车等)驶出，出站，启程；退出pull tgether 齐心协力，团结起来pull thrugh 康复；痊愈〖用法指引〗
push (推)与 pull (拉)是两个作用力相对的动作。
(1)Everyne was very cncerned abut whether he wuld pull
________ r nt.
(2)If we pull ________，we can accmplish the task in half f
(3)The bus pulled ________ half an hur ag.(4)They are pulling ________ thse huses t make rm fra new htel.
1.in time及时(＝early r sn enugh)；终于( ＝eventually)；
迟早(＝sner r later)
in time fr...……刚好赶上in time t d sth.及时做某事n time 准时
all the time 一直；始终at ne time 曾经；一度at a time 每次；逐一
at n time 决不
at the same time 同时
frm time t time 有时；偶尔ahead f time 提前；提早
time and time again 一次又一次；一再〖用法指引〗
in time 强调在要求时间之前，或刚好；而 n time 侧重准
(1)Yu will learn hw t d it ________ time.(2)Dn't all speak at nce! One ________ a time, please.(3)If yu can't arrive there ________ time, yu shuld infrm
them in advance.
(4)D yu want t get up in time ________ (have) breakfastwith yur family, get in sme exercise, r just be better preparedfr yur day?
2.in ne's turn 轮到某人；接着in turn 轮流；依次by turns 轮流；交替take turns t d sth.轮流做某事It's ne's turn t d sth.轮到某人做某事。
in turn, in ne's turn 和 in return (fr)
(1)in turn 轮流；依次(A→B→C)。如：The children called ut their names in turn. 孩子们依次报出自己的名字。
(2)in ne's turn 轮到某人；接替。如：
When it is in my turn, I am t excited t speak.当轮到我时，
(3)in return (fr) 反过来，作为对……的回报 (A←→B)。
I invited him fr the supper which was in return fr his saving
my daughter's life.为了感谢他救了我女儿，我邀请他去我家吃晚饭。
(1)轮到你用电脑了。
________ ________ ________ t use the cmputer.
(2)看着这些图片轮流讲述故事。
Lk at the pictures and ________ ________ ________
________ the stry.
(3)人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这造成了更多的问题。Peple try t avid public transprtatin delays by using theirwn cars, and this ________ ________ creates mre prblems.
阻止……免受……伤害〖用法指引〗
(1)在主动语态中，stp 和 prevent 后的 frm 都可以省略，
但 keep 后的 frm 不能省略。
(2)在被动语态中，此三个短语中的 frm 均不能省略。
(1)Their sn was prevented ________ ging t cllege lastyear because f their lw incme.(2)The heavy rain prevented us frm ________ (play)ftball.(3)We have tried ur best t prevent the river frm ________
_____________ (pllute).
4.cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋
cheer sb.up 使某人高兴；使某人振奋
cheer n 为……加油；(比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励Cheers! [口语](用于祝酒)干杯！with gd cheer 欣然地〖用法指引〗
(1)cheer up 做及物动词短语时，意为“使……高兴/振奋起
来”，宾语一般是 sb./neself。如：
Yu shuld cheer him/yurself up.你应该使他/你自己振作起来。(2)做不及物动词短语时，意为“(自己)高兴/振奋起来”，此时无宾语，不用被动语态。如：Hearing the gd news, I cheered up.听到这个好消息，我高兴了起来。
(1)这消息使他高兴起来。
The news ________ ________ ________.
(2)我们所做的一切都是为了给我们队加油。What we have dne was t ________ ________ ur team.(3)振作起来！全国人民都会帮助你们重建家园。________ ________！The peple all ver the cuntry will help
yu rebuild yur hmes.
S whether life will cntinue n the earth fr
millins f years t cme will depend n whether this prblem canbe slved.所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。句中两个 whether 引导的从句均为名词性从句，前者是主语从句，后者是宾语从句。在引导宾语从句时 whether(介词的宾语从句除外)通常可以和 if 互换；但引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时通常多用 whether 而不用 if。
(1)亨利问他是否可以上网。
Henry asked ________ ________ ________ ________
________ ________.
(2)她的问题是人类将来能否在火星上生活。Her questin is ________ ________ ________ ________
________ t live n Mars.
(3)他能否成功通过驾照考试是不确定的。________ ________ ________ ________ he'll succeed inpassing the driving test r nt.
it will nt be as strng a pull as the
earth's.……但它不如地球的引力那么强。as ＋adj.＋a(n)＋n. ＋as 句型是“” 结构的一种变化形式。比较结构的基本用法：as＋形容词或副词原级＋as分句。否定形式为 nt 。主句主语与 as 分句主语不同但比较的项目相同。
(1)I want t express my persnal experience in ________
universal a way as pssible.
(2)The singer tends t express his feelings and thughts in as
ppular a sng ________ pssible.
(3)He tried t shw his intelligence by wrking ut as
________ (difficulty) a prblem as pssible.(4)Dick is as naughty a by ________ Mike.
But when I tried t step frward, I fund I was
carried twice as far as n the earth and fell ver.而当我试着向前迈进的时候，我发现我被送出去很远，步子的幅度竟然是在地球上的两倍，因而我跌倒了。twice as far as...是一种倍数的表示方法，表示“是……的两倍远”。常见的倍数的表达方式有：(1)倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...(2)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋(进行比较的名词)＋as...
(3)倍数＋the＋表示衡量的名词 (如size/weight/length/depth/
width...)＋f...
(4)倍数＋mre＋进行比较的名词＋than...
(5)倍数＋as many/much＋进行比较的名词＋as...(6)倍数＋that f＋被比较对象...
如：这把红尺子是那把黄尺子的三倍长。
The red ruler is three times as lng as the yellw ne.
＝The red ruler is tw times lnger than the yellw ne.＝The red ruler is three times the length f the yellw ne.
(1)This hall is five times ________ (big) than ur classrm.(2)In this wrkshp the utput f July was three times________ f January.