2022版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习学案：必修3 Module 3 The Violence of Nature

[单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1． disaster n．灾难

2．cause vt.引起；导致

3．bury vt.埋葬

4．occur vi.发生

5．strike vt.& n．(暴风雨等)袭击

6．ruin vt.毁坏

7．active adj.积极的；活跃的

8．damage n．& v．损失；损害

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1． The earthquake was one of the worst natural disasters(disaster) the country has ever suffered.

2．Observe carefully if any change occurs(occur) when doing experiments in the lab.

3．The heavy snow lasted for a week, causing(cause) a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.

4．Mr Smith had to have his car repaired in a garage because it had_been_damaged(damage) seriously.

拓展单词

1． experience vt.经历→experienced adj.有经验的

2．furnish vt.装备；配备→furnished adj.配备了家具的→furniture n．家具

3．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violently adv.猛烈地；强烈地→violence n．暴力

4．possible adj.可能的→possibly adv.可能地→possibility n．可能；可能性→impossible adj.不可能的

5．terrify vt.使害怕；使恐惧→terrified adj.感到害怕的；极度恐惧的→terrifying adj.吓人的；可怕的

6．luck n．运气；幸运→lucky adj.幸运的→luckily adv.幸运地；幸亏

7．hope v．& n．希望；期望→hopeful adj.有希望的→hopefully adv.满怀希望地；有希望地

8．sad adj.伤心的→sadly adv.伤心地；不幸地→sadness n．悲伤

9．fortune n．运气；财富→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地；幸亏

10．warn v．警告→warning n．警告

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．He is an experienced teacher and has twenty years' teaching experience.(experience)

2．Many bad men stuck their neighborhood violently.People were angry at their violent behavior and resisted their violence bravely.(violent)

3．The terrible weather made it impossible for us to go on vacation and there is a possibility that the trip plan would be abandoned.(possible)

4．What happened without any previous warning that day terrified all the passengers aboard the train.It was really a terrifying scene, and many people are still terrified at the thought of taking a highspeed train.(terrify)

5．He looked sad when he looked sadly at the money that had brought him nothing but sadness.(sad)

6．He warned me not to leave without permission, but I didn't accept his warning.(warn)

阅读单词

1． flood n．洪水

2．hurricane n．飓风

3．lightning n．闪电

4．thunderstorm n．雷暴

5．feather n．羽毛

6．fur n．(动物的)毛皮

7．wave n．波浪

8．ash n．灰

9．erupt vt.(火山的)爆发；喷发

10．volcano n．火山

11．previous adj.以前的

12．eruption n．(火山的)爆发；喷发

13．earthquake n．地震

14．thankfully adv.感激地；满怀感谢地

15．worldwide adj.全世界的

1．(2019·浙江卷)What's particularly interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause.事业

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something occurred to me.(想法等)出现在脑中

3．(2017·天津卷)It worked perfectly.Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people.大量涌入

4．(2017·天津卷)This combination of healing myself and healing the world struck me as the perfect solution.打动

[短语　多维应用]

[句式　结构仿写]

1．experience vt.经历，体验 n．经历；经验

(1)have experience in ...在……方面有经验

by/from one's experience根据某人的经验看

(2)experienced adj.有经验的，熟练的

be experienced in/at 在……方面有经验

experience a culture of amazing depth and variety 体验一种具有惊人深度和广度的文化

experience foreign cultures and gain friendship 体验外国文化并获取友谊

offer us valuable experience for the next competition 为我们参加下次比赛提供了宝贵的经验

[名师点津]　experience作“经历”讲时，是可数名词；作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词，其前可以用little, much 等来修饰。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·北京卷) It's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience.

②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)As to the activities, we plan to invite experienced(experience) players to give training to us every Friday afternoon.

③In the last thirty years, our country has_experienced(experience) great changes.

[能力提升]——一句多译

中国是世界第二大经济体，在经济发展方面有经验。

①China is the world's second largest economy and has_experience_in economic development.(experience)

②China is the world's second largest economy and is_experienced_in economic development.(experienced)

2．cause vt.引起；导致 n．原因；事业；目标

(1)cause sb.sth.给某人带来某事

cause sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事

cause damage/loss to 对……造成损害/损失

(2)the cause of ...……的原因

cause and effect 因果

won't cause you too much trouble 不会给你造成太多麻烦

cause global concern about flight safety 引起全球对飞行安全的关注

find the cause of the mine accident 找出这起矿难的起因

fight for the cause of peace all her life 她毕生为和平事业而奋斗

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes(cause)．

②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to_learn(learn) less.

③Drinking and driving is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

那年夏天，在中国南部爆发了可怕的洪灾，对那里的人们造成了巨大的损失。

①That summer, a terrible flood broke out in the south of China, and it caused_ great_loss_to the people there.

②That summer, a terrible flood broke out in the south of China, causing_great _loss_to_the_people_there.(现在分词短语作状语)

3．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心

(1)bury one's head/face in one's hands 用手捂住头/脸

(2)be buried in ＝ bury oneself in埋头于；专心于

be buried in thought 沉思

bury his head in the sand 逃避现实

bury her face in her hands with embarrassment 她尴尬地得双手掩面

be buried in heavy school work 埋头于繁重的学业中

[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错

①He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.

②Since failing in the College Entrance Examination, he has buried in his studies.buried前加been或buried后加himself

[能力提升]——句式升级

普通表达：Because he buried himself in his book, he didn't know it was raining outside.

①高级表达：Burying_himself_in_his_book,_he didn't know it was raining outside.(现在分词作状语)

②高级表达：Buried_in_his_book,_he didn't know it was raining outside.(过去分词作状语)

[联想发散]　表示“专注于，致力于，埋头于”的短语还有：be devoted to；be absorbed in；be lost in；concentrate on；focus on；fix one's attention on等。

4．occur vi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起，浮现

sth.occur(s) to sb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到某事

It occurs to sb.that ...某人想到……

It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想到做某事

only occur to him in a dream 只是出现在他的梦中

an excellent idea occur to me 我想出了一个很棒的主意

occur to him to phone the police 他想到了报警

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2016·北京卷)Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred (occur)．

②(2015·广东卷)Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

③It never occurred to her to_ask(ask) anyone for help when she was in trouble.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：When I got home, I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the classroom.

高级表达：When I got home, it_occurred_to_me that I had left my book in the classroom.

5．strike  vt.(雷电、暴风雨等) 袭击；突然想到；击中；撞击；敲钟；擦燃(火柴)；打动  n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工

[一词多义] —— 写出下列句中strike的含义

①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.撞击

②(2015·北京卷)Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.突然想到

③I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.敲钟

④It gave me a shock that an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head.击中

⑤The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.罢工

(1)sth.strikes sb.某人突然想到……

It strikes sb.that ...某人突然想到……

be struck by 被……打动；迷恋……

strike sb.on＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位

(2)go/be on strike 举行/在罢工

(3)striking adj.引人注目的，吸引人的

be struck by the beauty of the country 被乡村美景打动

go on strike in protesting against the incident 举行罢工来抗议这起事件

be in hospital after being struck by a car 被车撞伤后住进了医院

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2016·江苏卷)These effects of the Internet have become even more striking (strike) since I've begun using a smartphone.

②(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

我被他的鼓舞人心的话打动了，决定与他合作。

①I was_struck_by_his_inspiring_words,_and I decided to cooperate with him.

②Struck_by_his_inspiring_words,_I decided to cooperate with him.(分词作状语)

6．pick up卷起；掀起；拾起，捡起，拿起；接收(信号)；(无意中)学会；收拾，整理；开车接(人)；买，购买；(健康、生意等)好转，康复

[一词多义] —— 写出下列句中pick up的含义

①(2019·北京卷)The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers.拿起

②(2018·北京卷)Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self­driving minibus.开车接(人)

③(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.买，购买

④He picked up some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.(无意中)学会

⑤My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.好转，康复

pick oneself up 跌倒后站起来

pick off 摘下；去除

pick out 挑选；辨认出

pick up a lot of information via the Internet 通过因特网获取大量信息

pick me up at the airport 在机场接我

pick up some spoken English 学会了一些英语口语

pick up bags of bargains 买到几袋减价品

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①She picked herself(she) up and beat the dust from her clothes.

②This picture was taken twenty years ago.I wonder if you can pick out my younger brother.

[能力提升]——完成句子

有许多父母来接孩子，学校门口附近经常发生拥堵，这给我们造成很多不便。

With_so_many_parents_coming_to_pick_up_their_children,_traffic jams are frequent near the school gate, which has caused a lot of inconvenience to us.(with复合结构)

7．end up结果为……；以……结束

end up with 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)

end up in 以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词)

end up as 最终成为……

end up adj./doing sth.以……(状态)而告终

end up spending the night at the airport 最终在机场过了夜

end up in serious trouble 最终陷入了严重的困境

end up with a poem of an ancient Chinese poet 以一首中国古代诗人的诗而结束

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2017·天津卷)Driverless cars may end up being(be) a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.

②Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and ended up as a manager.

③Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end up with sweet dreams.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：If we neglect our future, we'll fail as what happens to the man in the picture.

高级表达：If we neglect our future, we'll end_up_in_failure as what happens to the man in the picture.

8.(教材P23)They can destroy houses, but leave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_ where_it_was.它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。

[句型公式]　句中leave the furniture inside为“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构，该句式意为“使/让……继续处于某种状态、某地等”。

leave的常见结构：

leave＋宾语＋

[金句推送]　(安徽卷)Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I had left my book in the cafe.就在我到达学校门口的时候，我意识到我把书忘在咖啡馆里了。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Don't leave the water running(run) while you brush your teeth.

②They covered him with a blanket, only leaving his eyes exposed(expose)．

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：If a person is badly injured in an accident, you'd better not move him.

高级表达：If a person is badly injured in an accident, you'd better leave_him_where_he_is.

多维训练——夯实基础

维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空

1．I still don't know what caused the computer to_crash(crash)．

2．The professor referred to his experiences_(experience)abroad when he gave us a talk.

3．Struck/Stricken(strike) by the mudslide, the town was cut off from the outside.

4．Some people tried many ways to lose weight, ending up gaining(gain) weight soon again.

5．They found the remains of buildings buried(bury) under the sand, together with a lot of treasure.

维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词

1．An idea occurred to me that I should turn to my former teacher for help.

2．She picked up Spanish while she was living in Mexico.

3．She must have left the handbag where she often has a date with her boyfriend.

4．After the earthquake I saw the whole town in ruins, but now everything has changed.

5．The government has issued a warning that the fish may not be fit to eat.

维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空/单句改错)

1．If they had respect for life, they wouldn't do such terrifying(terrify) things.

2．Only a political solution could put an end to the violence(violent)．

3．It suddenly began to rain on the way home; fortunately(fortunate), a kind driver gave me a lift.

4．Is it any possibility that we can finish the task in such a short time? it→there

5．Because they were to move to a new house, they bought a lot of furnitures.

furnitures→furniture

维度4——话题写作

1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)

①去年，这个地区的人们经历了一场可怕的飓风。

Last year, the people living in the area experienced_a_terrifying_hurricane.

②这场猛烈的飓风袭击了整个地区，造成巨大的经济损失。

The_violent_hurricane_struck_the_area,_and caused_great_economic_losses.

③许多房屋被毁，使得许多人无家可归。

A large number of houses had_been_ruined,_and a_lot_of_people_become_ homeless.

④许多道路被损坏，而且整个地区大面积停电。

Many roads were_damaged,_and a large area of the city was in blackout.

⑤灾害一发生，当地政府就采取有效措施营救被埋在倒塌的房屋下面的人们。

As soon as the_disaster_occurred,_the local government took effective measures to rescue the people buried_under_the_fallen_houses.

⑥到昨夜为止，电力已恢复了正常。

By the end of last night, the electric power had_returned_to_normal.

2．升级平淡句

(1) 用现在分词作结果状语改写句②

The_violent_hurricane_struck_the_area,_causing_great_economic_losses.

(2)用部分倒装句改写句⑤

No_sooner/Hardly_had_the_disaster_occurred_than/when_the_local_government_took_effective_measures_to_rescue_the_people_buried_under_the_fallen_houses.

3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：sadly, what's worse, fortunately, thankfully)

Last year, the people living in the area experienced a terrifying hurricane.The violent hurricane struck the area, causing great economic losses.Sadly, a large number of houses had been ruined, and a lot of people became homeless.What's worse, many roads were damaged, and a large area of the city was in blackout.Fortunately, no sooner/hardly had the disaster occurred than/when the local government took effective measures to rescue the people buried under the fallen houses.Thankfully, by the end of last night, the electric power had returned to normal.