高考英语课后达标检测：Our Body and Healthy Habits Word版解析版

这是一份高考英语课后达标检测：Our Body and Healthy Habits Word版解析版，共8页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·安徽五校质检) We humans are addicted t sugar. That makes sense. All animals need sugar t live. It’s the fuel that pwers ur cells. S it’s nt surprising that we’re brn t want the sweet stuff.
Sugar stres the sun’s energy like a battery. After a meal, yur bdy breaks dwn fds int their building blcks. It uses sme sugar fr energy right away. The rest get stred fr the bdy t break dwn later. It’s a myth that sugar makes yu extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give yu a quick burst f energy. That’s because the sugar in sweet fds is easy fr yur bdy t turn int fuel. When yu eat ther kinds f fds, like vegetables, it takes lnger fr yur bdy t break the sugar dwn.
These days it’s easy t find sweet snacks. Sdas, candy, cakes and even fds that seem healthy, such as ygurt, can be packed with sugar. Fd makers add sugar, because they knw that t humans, sweet makes everything taste better. Americans eat abut 20 teaspns f extra sugar every day. That’s way mre than what is gd fr us.
Eating t much sugar can cause mre than a stmachache. It can make peple verweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes. Hwever, experts aren’t wrried abut naturally sweet fds—the prblem is added sugar. S g ahead and enjy sweet apples r even sugar—rich carrts that are als full f vitamins and ther gd stuff.
Even cake is great nce in a while, as lng as yu dn’t verd it. After all, n ne wants life t be dull. And yur bdy needs its fuel!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是我们不要过多食用。
1．The first tw paragraphs are mainly develped by ________．
A．cause and effect B．prblem and slutin
C．giving examples D．making cmparisns
A 解析：写作手法题。根据第一段尾句“S it’s nt surprising that we’re brn t want the sweet stuff.”和第二段倒数第二句“That’s because the sugar in sweet fds is easy fr yur bdy t turn int fuel.”，并结合第一、二段的内容可知，第一段解释了人天生需要糖的原因；第二段解释了甜食能快速补充能量的原因；据此可推知，第一、二段是通过解释因果的方法组织内容的，故A项正确。
2．Peple may be tricked int eating t much sugar because ________．
A．n ne wants life t be bring
B．we’re brn t want the sweet stuff
C．s­called healthy fd can be packed with sugar
D．sugar is the fuel fr the plants and animals n the earth
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“These days it’s easy t find sweet snacks. Sdas, candy, cakes and even fds that seem healthy, such as ygurt, can be packed with sugar.”可知，甜食随处可见，即使是看起来健康的食品也会含有大量糖分，故人们会误食很多含糖食品。
3．What des the authr want t stress in Paragraph 4?
A．We’d better say n t sweet fds.
B．Experts are wrried abut added sugar.
C．Eating t much sugar is bad fr ur health.
D．We’d better cnsume sugar frm natural surces.
D 解析：推理判断题。通读第四段可知，该段第一、二句介绍了食用过量的糖的害处；第三句说明专家对添加糖分的食品的担忧；第四句提出建议：吃富含糖但也富含维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。据此可推知，该段旨在强调，我们最好食用天然食物来摄入糖分，故D项正确。
4．Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Sugar Is Everywhere
B．Sugar Brings Happiness
C．Why D We Lve Sugar?
D．Why Des Sugar Make Us Fat?
C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是食用过量的糖有害人体健康，我们最好食用不但富含糖分、还含有维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。故C项最适合作本文标题。
B
(2020·福州四校联考)The idea that yu can use humr, laughter, and play t make yu healthier prbably seems t simple t be true. Hwever, it is really true and simple. The sense f humr, laughter and play plays an imprtant part in keeping yu healthy.
Treat the blues with a sense f humr, which is clsely tied t laughter. Laughter is infectius. Have yu ever heard a big laugh f a yung child and been able t keep yurself frm smiling? When laughter is shared between peple, it makes them clser t each ther and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning f laughter and a smile is als just as infectius as laughter is. Yu can experience smething by smiling at everyne arund yu, and yu will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.
Play is an imprtant part f making sure that we stay healthy. We are ften encuraged t make sure ur children play, and are tld f the benefits f being ut playing. Hwever, what we ften frget is that it is just as imprtant fr ld peple t make play be part f their life as it’s fr children. Physical play is imprtant fr the ld and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been dne have shwn that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cgnitive(认知的) falling.
Anyway, adding humr, laughter, and play t ur life will influence us mentally, physically and scially and bring us many advantages. S we shuld make full use f humr, laughter and play t make ur life mre active, mre interesting and happier.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默、大笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的好处。
5．What des the underlined wrd “infectius” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Playing an imprtant rle.
B．Keeping peple in high spirits.
C．Quickly influencing ther peple.
D．Preventing illness frm spreading.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between peple, it makes them clser t each ther and increases their happiness.”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会更加快乐。故infectius的意思为“迅速影响其他人”。
6．What can laughter increase accrding t the authr?
A．Cgnitive ability.
B．Gd relatinships.
C．A sense f humr.
D．Happiness and trust.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When laughter is shared between peple, it makes them clser t each ther and increases their yu will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.”可知，在作者看来大笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。
7．What des the authr think the ld shuld d?
A．They shuld have a gd rest.
B．They shuld play like children.
C．They shuld prevent cgnitive falling.
D．They shuld take part in physical play.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句“Hwever, what we ften frget is that it is just as imprtant fr ld peple t make play be part f their life as it’s fr children. Physical play is imprtant fr the ld and it certainly helps prevent illness.”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与身体活动。
8．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Humr, Laughter and Play fr Health
B．Always Keep Our Bdy Healthy
C．Have an Active and Happy Life
D．Let Our Bdy and Mind Relax
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段“Anyway, adding humr, laughter, and play t ur life will influence us mentally, physically and scially and bring us many advantages. S we shuld make full use f humr, laughter and play t make ur life mre active, mre interesting and happier.”可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·福州质量抽测)Grwing up in the 1960s, I was taught frm an early age t send a handwritten thank­yu nte expressing __1__ fr kindness. My mther used t buy me a bx f paper and __2__ me in the art and value f saying “thank yu”. She __3__ t be right.
A study shwed that it tk less than 5 minutes t write the thank­yu ntes. Just 5 minutes t make __4__ persn feel verjyed! __5__， in ur “instant” wrld, the idea f getting an actual pen and writing an actual nte seems t never cme t mind. We tend t d what is __6__ fr us—a quick text r an email.
It’s easy t use the __7__ f being busy, but even very busy and __8__ businessmen find time t __9__ thank­yu ntes. Fr example, when Duglas Cnant became CEO f Campbell’s, the cmpany had __10__ half f its market, and its value and mrale(士气) was at an all­time lw. He __11__ fixing that by ding sme simple things that are prbably nt __12__ in any MBA class. Fr ne thing, Cnant wrte t every __13__. He gained their cnfidence and __14__， turned the cmpany __15__．
In his ten years as CEO, Cnant wrte ver 30，000 ntes t emplyees. It’s __16__ nt t ask hw he did it. __17__， he had many ther things t d __18__ writing a thank­yu nte. Cnant made time fr __19__ because he knew the impact(影响) each ne wuld have. An expressin f __20__ in this crazy wrld still makes a difference.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候，妈妈教“我”用手写的感谢便条来表达对善良的感激，并教“我”表达感谢的艺术和价值；研究表明，不到五分钟就能用手写好的感谢便条会让他人感到快乐。
1．A.cncern B．sympathy
C．affectin D．appreciatin
D 解析：根据该句中的“a handwritten thank­yu nte expressing ______ fr kindness”可知，该处指用手写的感谢便条来表达对善良的感激(appreciatin)，故D项正确。A项意为“担心，关心”；B项意为“同情”；C项意为“喜爱”。
2．A.cnsult B．instruct
C．answer D．impress
B 解析：根据该句“My mther used t buy me a bx f value f saying ‘thank yu’．”可知，“我”的妈妈过去常常给“我”买一箱纸，并教授(instruct)“我”表达感谢的艺术和价值，故B项正确。A项意为“咨询”；C项意为“回答”；D项意为“使留下深刻印象”。
3．A.remained B．prved
C．appeared D．claimed
B 解析：根据语境尤其是下文可推知，此处表示她证明(prved)(这样做)是正确的，故B项符合语境。A项意为“保持”；C项意为“显得”；D项意为“声称”。
4．A.ne B．any
C．each D．anther
D 解析：根据空前一句可知，写感谢便条花费不到五分钟的时间；并结合该句和常识可推知，此处表示仅花费五分钟就可以让另一个(anther)人非常高兴，故D项正确。
5．A.Yet B．Therefre
C．S D．Otherwise
A 解析：根据该句中的“seems t never cme t mind”并结合上文可知，尽管仅花费五分钟就能用手写好的感谢便条能让他人感到快乐，但是(Yet)，在我们这个“快捷的”世界里，人们似乎不愿意用这种方式来表达谢意；据此可推知，该处前后表示转折关系，故A项正确。
6．A.special B．necessary
C．cnvenient D．imprtant
C 解析：根据该句中的“a quick text r an email”可推知，该处表示我们趋向于使用对我们来说方便的(cnvenient)方式——快速发送的短信或电子邮件，故C项正确。
7．A.case B．excuse
C．example D．situatin
B 解析：根据语境以及该句中的“f being busy”并结合常识可知，人们很容易以忙为借口(excuse)，故B项正确。A项意为“事例”；C项意为“例子”；D项意为“情况”。
8．A.humrus B．ptimistic
C．successful D．experienced
C 解析：根据语境可知，人们很容易以忙为借口，但即使是很忙碌和成功的(successful)商人也能找到时间写(pen)感谢便条。
9．A.pen B．receive
C．design D．deliver
A 解析：参见上题解析。
10．A.lst B．gained
C．develped D．damaged
A 解析：根据该句中的“mrale(士气) was at an all­time lw”可知，士气空前低落；据此可推知，这家公司已经损失(lst)了一半的市值，故A项正确。
11．A.gave up B．kept up
C．set abut D．wrried abut
C 解析：根据该句中的“He ______ fixing that by ding sme simple things”并结合语境可推知，他开始做(set abut)一些简单的事情来解决这一问题，故C项正确。A项意为“放弃”；B项意为“跟上”；D项意为“担心”。
12．A.permitted B．taught
C．checked D．tested
B 解析：根据语境可推知，他所做的简单的事情很可能没有在任何MBA课堂上被教(taught)过，故B项正确。A项意为“允许”；C项意为“检查”；D项意为“测试”。
13．A.market B．businessman
C．cmpany D．emplyee
D 解析：根据下文中的“gained their cnfidence”和“Cnant wrte ver 30，000 ntes t emplyees”可推知，Cnant给每个员工(emplyee)写了便条，得到了他们的信任，故D项正确。
14．A.persnally B．frankly
C．naturally D．ccasinally
C 解析：根据语境可知，Cnant得到了员工们的信任，顺理成章地(naturally)使公司好转(turned arund)起来。
15．A.up B．dwn
C．away D．arund
D 解析：参见上题解析。turn arund意为“好转，扭转”，故D项正确。turn up意为“开大”；turn dwn意为“调低；拒绝”；turn away意为“把……打发走”。
16．A.hard B．great
C．amazing D．disappinting
A 解析：根据前一句可知，在担任CEO的十年间，Cnant给他的员工们写了三万多张便条；结合语境和常识可知，这令人很难(hard)不去问他是如何做到的，故A项正确。
17．A.As usual B．In shrt
C．By the way D．After all
D 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示毕竟(After all)，除了(besides)写感谢便条，他有许多其他事情要做。
18．A.by B．in
C．besides D．withut
C 解析：参见上题解析。
19．A.me B．it
C．him D．them
B 解析：根据语境可知，空处指代空前一句中的“writing a thank­yu nte”，故B项正确。
20．A.kindness B．jy
C．value D．cnfidence
A 解析：根据本文第一句中的“expressing ______ fr kindness”并结合全文可推知，在这个疯狂的世界中，善良(kindness)的表达仍然会有作用，故A项正确。