非谓语动词解题原则与技巧[课件]

这是一份非谓语动词解题原则与技巧[课件]，共30页。PPT课件主要包含了preparing，to rest，hoping，To keep， his eyes，sitting，seat vt，watching，faced with，left等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Tm returned frm the manager’s ffice, telling me that the bss wanted t see me at nce.2. The news meeting, t be held in that hall, has already been crwded with reprters. 3. Having reached the very peak f the Everest, the climbers cheered against the fierce nrth wind. 4. He keeps buying expensive maps. He must have mre than 200 by nw.5. I heard the girl singing in the classrm.6. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.7. As sn as she entered the rm, the girl caught sight f the flwers bught by her mther.8. T live is t struggle. (生活就是斗争。)
找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）
下面从二个方面来复习非谓语动词1.非谓语动词的七大经典原则2.非谓语动词解题四大步骤
一.非谓语动词的 七大经典原则
原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式
原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词
原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式
原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与 主句主语保持一致
原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式
原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生; 用-ing，表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义
英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则
原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _____ fr a space flight. （2007江西卷） A. training B. being trained C. t have trained D. t be trained【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以 要用不定式，因此可排除 A 和 B。另外，由于“他”与“训练” 为被动关系，故选 D。 如：She gt up very early t catch up the first bus.2. _____ this cake， yu’ll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flur.（2006广东卷） A. Having made B. Make C. T make D. Making
t catch up the first bus.
3.As the light turned green， I std fr a mment， nt _____， and asked myself what I was ging t d. (2007湖南卷)A. mved B. mving C. t mve D. Being mved
4. He sat _____ t her ______ the stairs. A. t listen; t climb B. listening; t climb C. listening; climb D. listening; t climbing 【解析】listen是伴随sat而同时由主语he发出的，所以用-ing 作伴随状语；listen t 后跟不带t的不定式/-ing作宾补。
【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当 时持续了一会 儿，故用-ing。句意为：当信号灯变绿时，我站在那儿一会儿没动，心想自己该怎么办。
原则二： 用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.
listen t … d/ding …
－ing形式作伴随状语与 t d作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。用括号里的词的适当形式填空1. Write t the editr, ________ that the editr wuld be able t help her．（ hpe ）2.She reached the tp f the hill and stpped there _________ n a big rck．( rest )3.The secretary wrked late int night , ______ a lng speech. ( prepare )4. ___________ warm, we shut all the windws. ( keep )
原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。5. The glass drs have taken the place f the wden nes at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day. （2007天津卷） A. t let B. letting C. let D. having let 【解析] 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。 如：It rained heavily， causing severe flding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start f the year，_____ a recrd US$ 57. 65 a barrel n April 4. （2005山东卷） A. have reached B. reaching C. t reach D. t be reaching
　　8. He hurried t the bking ffice nly _____ that all the tickets had been sld ut. （2006陕西卷） 　　 A. t tell B. t be tld C. telling D. tld 　
7.He hurried t the statin, nly ______ that the train had left. (2005广东卷) A. t find B. finding C. fund D. t have fund【解析】nly t d sth 在此表示出人意料的结果。
原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式 children talked s ludly at dinner table that I had t struggle _____. （2007浙江卷） A. t be heard B. t have heard C. hearing D. being heard 【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被 动式，因此 可排除 B 和 C。另外，由于“设法被听见”为目的状语，动作在 当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选 A。
11. When she came in, she was surprised t find a stranger _______ at the back f the classrm with his eyes_____upn her. A. seating; fixing B. t seat; fixing C.having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed
10. At the beginning f class, the nise f desks ______ culd be heard utside the classrm.A. pened and clsed B. t be pened and clsedC. being pened and clsed D. t pen and clse
【解析】f 后应接-ing，desks 与pen and clse 之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因culd be heard，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。
a stranger
fix ne’s eyes upn…
=I was seated.
I seated myself.
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致.12. Faced with a bill fr $10,000，_____. （2006陕西卷） 　　A. Jhn has taken an extra jb 　　B. the bss has given Jhn an extra jb 　　C. an extra jb has been taken 　　D. an extra jb has been given t Jhn 13. While watching televisin，_____. （2005全国卷III） A. the dr bell rang B. the drbell rings C. we heard the drbell ring D. we heard the drbell rings 【解析】因为 watching 的逻辑主语一定是人，排除选项 A 和 B ；又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了 t 的不定式， 所以选项 D 中的 rings 是错误的。
(be) faced with…
原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式） 14._____ frm ther cntinents fr millins f years， Australia has many plants and animals nt fund in any ther cuntries in the wrld. （2005湖北卷）Being separated B. Having separatedC.Having been separated D. t be separated
【解析】因为 Australia 与 separate 是被动关系，且 separate 发生在谓语动词 has 之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。 15. The manager，_____ it clear t us that he didn’t agree with us， left the meeting rm. （2005江西卷） A. wh has made B. having made C. made D. making【解析】因为 The manager 与 make 是主动关系，且 make 发生在谓语 left 之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语， having made ... 相当于 wh had made... 的意思。
16.—Li Ming is said ____ abrad. D yu knw what cuntry —Yes, In Lndn. A. t have studied B. t study C. t be studying D. t have been studying
he studied in ?he will study in?he studies in?
Sb is said t d… 据说…
原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是： 用不定式，表示动作尚未发生; 用-ing，表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。17.There will be mre than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _____ the day after tmrrw. A. hld B. hlding C. held D. t be held 18. There are hundreds f visitrs _____ in frnt f the Art Gallery t have a lk at Van Ggh’s paintings.（2006上海卷） A. waited B. t wait C. waiting D. wait
the meeting
the day after tmrrw
19. “Things _____ never cme again!”I culdn’t help talking t myself. （2007湖南卷） A. lst B. lsing C. t lst D. have lst 20. —The last ne _____ pays the meal. 　—Agreed!（2007全国I） A. arrived B. arrives C. t arrive D. arriving
The last ne
lse vt.lse sb/sth
注：受 the first， the secnd ... the last 修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。
Yu are the secnd t make that mistake. 你是第二个犯这错误的人。
Translate the fllwing sentences int English.1. 这是一个已经 讨论了的问题。2. 这是一个正在 讨论的问题。3. 这是一个将要 讨论的问题。This is a prblem discussed. （已经完成的被动动作）This is a prblem being discussed. （正在进行的被动动作）This is a prblem t be discussed. （将要进行的被动动作）
being discussed
t be discussed
原则一：用作目的状语，…
原则二：用作伴随状语，…
原则三：用作结果状语，…
原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，…
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，…
原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作 之前时，…
原则七：用于名词后作定语时，…
原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式.
原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing.
原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/ t d ,原则区别是：-ing 表示一定逻辑的结果，t d 表示非逻辑的结果。
原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。 如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式； 如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。
原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上要用完成式（-ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式）
原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。
二. 非谓语动词解题四大步骤
（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”
______many times , but he still culdn't understand it .
2. ______many times , he still culdn't understand it .
A. Having been tld B. Being tld C. He had been tld D.Thugh he was tld
3.It ___ a ht day, we’d better g swimming.
4. ____ a rainy day ; we decided nt t g there.
is B. t be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. been
非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。
1.Walking alng the street ne day, she saw a little girl running up t is reading a bk fund n the f the artists invited t the party were frm Suth Africa. 4. Cnvinced f the truth f the reprts, he tld his clleagues abut it.
一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语； 作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语； 作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。
A.t take B. taking C. t be taken D. taken
1._______ everything int cnsideratin, they ught t have anther chance.
2.Everything ______　int cnsideratin, they ught t have anther chance.
分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。
“Yu can’t catch me !” Jane shuted, _______ away. A. run B. running C.t run D. ran 2. _____ in the muntains fr a week, the tw students were finally saved by the lcal plice. A. Having lst B. Lst C. Being lst D. Lsing
the tw students
1. The building ____nw will be a restaurant .
2. The building ____ next year will be a restaurant .
3. The building ______last year is a restaurant.
having been built B.t be built C.being built D. built
一. 辨别“谓与非谓”
三. 非谓语动词解题步骤
方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态
1. A railway statin is n place fr a child _____ alne at night.A. leave B. leaving C. t be leaving D. t be left
2. We were warned _____ the fish which might give us a slight stmach upset.A. nt t eat B. nt eating C. t eat nt D. eating nt
3. _ themselves awake they sat n the flr and tld each ther stries.A. Keep B. Keeping C. T keep D. T have kept
4._____ these children _____ what yu want is a science I can tell yu! A. Getting; dne B. Get; dne C. T get; t d D. Getting; t d
5. When yu're learning t drive，__ a gd teacher makes a big difference. A. have B. having C. and have D. and having