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    2020-2021学年高中英语新人教版选择性必修第三册同步课时强化训练Unit 2 Using Language & Other Parts

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    高中人教版 (2019)Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle达标测试

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    这是一份高中人教版 (2019)Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle达标测试,共16页。试卷主要包含了dizzy adj.头晕目眩的,dentist n,cmedy n等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    Period Four Using Language & Other Parts

    Ⅰ.What’s the passage mainly about?
    A.An introduction of the summer camp.
    B.Something about being sleepy.
    C.Something about some sports.
    D.Two students’ letters to the editor about the changes of their lifestyles.
    答案 D
    Ⅱ.Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
    1.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
    A.Wang Lu never ate any sugar.
    B.Wang Lu ate much sugar before attending the summer camp.
    C.George Fielding often felt stressed out after starting high school.
    D.George Fielding used to be crazy about online games.
    答案 A
    2.Through climbing,George Fielding did the following things EXCEPT .
    A.getting refreshed
    B.spending more time with his dad
    C.getting to meet new friends
    D.feeling more stressed
    答案 D
    3.Wang Lu’s bad habits included before attending the summer camp.
    A.playing online games
    B.exercising regularly
    C.going climbing
    D.eating too much sugar
    答案 D




    Ⅰ.重点单词
    1.liberation n.解放;摆脱
    2.shave vi. & vt.& n.剃(须发);刮脸
    3.skip vt.跳过;不参加;悄悄溜走 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;跳绳 n.蹦跳
    4.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的
    5.stimulate vt.激发;促进;刺激
    6.dentist n.牙科医生
    7.dynamic adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的
    8.comedy n.喜剧;喜剧片;滑稽节目
    9.monthly adv.& adj.每月;每月一次的 n.月刊①
    10.enhance vt.提高;增强;增进
    11.refresh vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新②
    12.absorb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收
    13.compose vt.& vi.组成;作曲;撰写→composer n.作曲家
    14.surgeon n.外科医生→surgery n.外科手术;外科学
    15.specialist n.专科医生;专家→special adj.专门的,特别的→specially adv.专门地;特别地
    16.consultant n.顾问;高级顾问医师→consult vt.咨询
    掌握规律 巧记单词
    ①monthly adv.& adj.每月;每月一次的 n.月刊
    类似的还有yearly,weekly
    ②refresh vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新
    类似的还有rewrite,retell

    Ⅱ.核心短语
    1.make up one’s mind下定决心
    2.be composed of由……组成(或构成)的
    3.shave off剃掉;刮去
    4.stress out焦虑不安;疲惫不堪
    5.worn out筋疲力尽的;疲惫的
    6.suffer from遭受……
    7.in control of控制(表状态)
    8.take control of控制(表动作)
    9.try out实验
    Ⅲ.经典句式
    1.whenever引导让步状语从句
    Whenever I went out with friends,I brought snacks from home,things that didn’t have any added sugar:fruit,nuts,dried meat,etc.
    无论什么时候我和朋友出去,我从家里带的都是不含糖的零食:水果、坚果和干肉,等等。
    2.how引导表语从句
    Best of all,in my opinion,is how I feel about myself.
    在我看来,最好的是我对自己的感觉。
    3.so...that....如此……以至于……
    I got so absorbed that I played the games day and night.
    我如此投入,以至于我整日整夜地玩游戏。
    4.get done结构
    I get refreshed through climbing,spend more time with my dad,and get to meet new friends.
    通过攀岩,我精神焕发,和爸爸一起度过了更多时间,认识了新朋友。

    重点词汇
    We need to make up our minds and show some disciplines,and make small changes over time.我们需要下决心、显示自律、做一些小的改变。
    make up one’s mind下定决心
    change one’s mind改变主意
    bear/keep...in mind将……记在心中
    come into one’s mind进入某人的脑海
    mind one’s own business别管闲事

    (1)Once she has made up her mind,nothing can change it.
    她一旦下定了决心,就不会改变主意。
    (2)When I first met Mike I didn’t like him,but I have changed my mind recently.
    我第一次见到麦克时并不喜欢他,但是近来我的看法变了。
    (3)Whenever or however you take notes,keep/bear in mind that note­taking is a selective process.
    不管何时以何种方式记笔记,你都要记住,记笔记是个有选择性的过程。
    (4)Suddenly,a terrible thought came into my mind.
    突然,一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里。
    (5)Why don’t you just mind your own business and leave me in peace?
    你为什么就不能别管闲事,让我清静一下呢?
    Life is composed of many elements,such as family,friends,study,work,entertainment and so on.生活是由很多元素组成的,例如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等等。
    compose vt.& vi.组成;作曲;撰写
    ※be composed of由……组成
    ※composition n.组成;构成;创作;作品
    ※be made up of由……组成
    consist of由……组成

    (1)England,Scotland,and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.
    英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成了大不列颠岛。
    (2)Could you tell me what water is composed of?
    你能告诉我水是由什么构成的吗?
    (3)The young girl is good at the composition(compose) of short stories.
    这个小女孩擅长写短篇小说。
    [一句多译]
    (4)据说这个小组由50位科学家组成。
    ①It is said that the team is made up of 50 scientists.(be made up of)
    ②It is said that the team consists of 50 scientists.(consist of)
    ③It is said that the team is composed of 50 scientists.(compose)
    [高级表达]
    (5)I’d like to meet the young man who has composed the sweet songs.
    I’d like to meet the young man composing the sweet songs.(用非谓语动词改写)
    It was not polite to disturb your neighbors with loud music last night.昨天晚上用很大的音乐干扰邻居是不礼貌的。
    disturb vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼
    ※disturbing adj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的
    ※disturbance n.打扰;扰乱

    (1)Sorry to disturb you,but I have an urgent message from your husband.
    很抱歉打扰你,我这儿有你丈夫的一份急件。
    (2)For most of us,it was really a piece of disturbing(disturb) news.
    对我们大多数人来说,这确实是令人不安的消息。
    (3)I need a place where I can work without disturbance(disturb).
    我需要一个可以静心工作的地方。
    [高级表达]
    (4)You’d better say sorry to those who were disturbed by your loud noise.
    You’d better say sorry to those disturbed by your loud noise.(用非谓语动词改写)
    This stimulated my motivation.这激发了我的动机。
    stimulate vt.激发;促进;刺激
    ※stimulate sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事
    ※stimulating adj.使人兴奋的
    ※stimulation n.激励;刺激

    (1)The discussions stimulated a free exchange of ideas.
    讨论促进了思想的自由交流。
    (2)An inspiring teacher can stimulate students to succeed(succeed).
    一个启发性的教师可以激发学生取得成功。
    (3)We had a most stimulating(stimulate) conversation.
    我们进行了一次非常振奋人心的谈话。
    (4)This was a debate that needed no stimulation(stimulate).
    这是一场自发的讨论。
    After starting high school,I felt stressed out and always relaxed by playing computer games.在上中学之后,我感到焦虑不安,总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松自己。
    stress out 疲惫不堪;焦虑不安
    ※stress n.压力 vt.强调
    under stress在压力之下
    put stress on 让……承受压力
    lay stress on强调……
    ※stressed adj.焦虑不安的
    ※stressful adj.压力重的;紧张的

    (1)After the long journey,the old traveller was stressed out.
    在长途跋涉之后,那位年长的旅行者精疲力竭了。
    (2)Nowadays,a lot of students are under stress.
    现在,很多学生压力很大。
    (3)With so much work filling his mind,he felt stressed(stress).
    心中装着那么多工作,他感觉焦虑不安。
    (4)The girl didn’t want to take the stressful(stress) job.
    这个女孩不想接受这份压力很大的工作。
    (5)Our teacher often lays stress on the importance of working hard.
    我们的老师经常强调刻苦学习的重要性。
    I decided to take control of my life and find other ways to relax.我决定控制我的生活,找到别的放松方式。
    take control of控制(表动作)
    beyond one’s control某人无法控制
    in control of控制;支配(表状态)
    in the control of由……控制
    lose control of对……失去控制
    out of control不受控制
    under the control of受……控制

    (1)She realized she should take control of her illness,not let it control her.
    她意识到自己应该控制疾病,而不是受疾病的控制。
    (2)Who is in control of that house whose windows have been broken?
    那栋窗子已经坏了的房子归谁所有?
    (3)Everyone was too afraid to go in because the fire was out of control.
    因为火势已经失去了控制,大家都太害怕了以至于不敢进去。
    (4)All schools are under the control of the Ministry of Education.
    所有的学校都归教育部管辖。
    After six months of trying out new ways of relaxing,I feel much more energetic.用了六个月尝试新的放松方式后,我感到精力更充沛了。
    try out实验;尝试
    try to do sth.努力做某事
    try doing sth.试着做某事
    try on 试穿
    try out for参加……选拔

    (1)When he was young,he was always trying out some new ideas.
    他年轻时经常尝试一些新想法。
    (2)I tried to persuade(persuade) her to change her mind,but failed.
    我尽力说服她改变主意,但是失败了。
    (3)John isn’t here.Try phoning(phone) his home number.
    约翰不在这里。试试打他家里的电话。
    (4)This sweater looks nice.Can I try it on?
    这件毛衣看着不错。我可以试试吗?
    (5)All the students in the class tried out for the basketball.
    班里所有学生都参加了篮球选拔赛。
    Absorbing stress effectively,however,you must be sure to do something that completely takes your mind off everything else.但是,为了有效地吸收压力,你必须做一些让你完全忘记其他事情的事情。
    absorb vt.吸收全部注意力;吸收
    absorbed adj.专心致志的;全神贯注的
    be absorbed in=absorb oneself in全神贯注于……

    (1)Service work absorbed a great number of women who arrived in the cities from the country.
    服务业吸纳了很多从农村来到城市的妇女。
    (2)When something did interest me,I could become absorbed(absorb).
    当某件事确实让我感兴趣时,我就能全神贯注。
    (3)Absorbing(absorb) himself in his lessons,he didn’t notice his mother come in.
    正专注于学习,他没有注意到他妈妈进来。
    [高级表达]
    (4)When he is absorbed in work,he always forgets all about eating or sleeping.
    When absorbed in work,he always forgets all about eating or sleeping.(用非谓语动词改写)
    经典句式
    Whenever I went out with friends,I brought snacks from home,things that didn’t have any added sugar: fruit,nuts,dried meat,etc.无论什么时候我和朋友出去,我从家里带的都是不含糖的零食:水果、坚果和干肉,等等。
    ※本句中的whenever引导让步状语从句,意为:无论何时……,可以与no matter when...替换。
    ※no matter常与what/who/when/where/how/which等连用,表示“无论……;不管……”。 “no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,而“wh­ever”不仅可以引导让步状语从句,还可以引导名词性从句(wherever,whenever除外)。

    (1)However/No matter how insignificant the news was,it was never taken lightly.
    无论新闻多么不重要,它从没被轻视过。
    (2)You have to go on no matter what/whatever difficulties you meet.
    无论你遇到什么困难,都必须继续下去。
    (3)Whoever/No matter who you are,please never make any decisions for me.
    无论你是谁,请绝不要替我做任何决定。
    [句型转换]
    (4)No matter where I went,the dog always followed me.
    Wherever I went,the dog always followed me.
    (5)Whenever I have to give a speech,I get extremely nervous before I start.
    No matter when I have to give a speech,I get extremely nervous before I start.
    I get refreshed through climbing,spend more time with my dad,and get to meet new friends.通过攀岩,我精神焕发,和爸爸一起度过更多时间,认识了新朋友。
    ※本句中的get refreshed是get done结构。
    ※常见的get done结构:
    get broken打破了 get punished受到惩罚
    get hurt受到伤害 get admitted被录取
    get married结婚 get annoyed生气
    get excited激动 get separated被分开

    (1)If you keep on doing like that,you will get punished.
    如果你一直那样做,你会受到惩罚的。
    (2)The mother tried her best to prevent her children from getting hurt(hurt).
    这位母亲尽全力避免自己的孩子受到伤害。
    (3)Three years later they got married(marry) and then had a child.
    三年后,他们结婚了,后来有了一个孩子。
    (4)If you often make mistakes,your teacher will get annoyed(annoy).
    如果你总是出错,你的老师会生气的。
    (5)When my friend and I entered the hall,we got separated(separate).
    当我和朋友进入大厅时,我们被冲散了。

    Ⅰ.单句语法填空
    1.It is not a very formal party,so you needn’t get dressed(dress).
    2.A team composed(compose) of 20 people was sent there.
    3.There is a disturbing(disturb) increase in the crime rate in that area.
    4.He planned to change his job but he didn’t make up his mind.
    5.The young girl found her new job challenging and stimulating(stimulate).
    6.I have been really stressed(stress) out at work recently.
    7.It is said that the young man will take control of the company next month.
    8.John hopes to try out his new running shoes this weekend.
    Ⅱ.完成句子
    9.Whenever he comes to see his sister,he always brings her some books.
    无论何时他来看妹妹,总是给她带来一些书。
    10.While he was playing football on the ground,his left leg got broken.
    他在操场踢足球时,左腿断了。
    11.When the boy is absorbed in his lessons,you’d better not disturb him.
    这个男孩专注于学习时,你最好不要打扰他。
    12.It was his speech that stimulated the students to work harder.
    是他的演讲激发了学生们更加努力地学习。
    13.He often drinks some cold water to refresh himself after a long journey.
    在长途跋涉之后,他通常喝些冷水来使自己恢复精神。
    Ⅲ.选词填空
    下面的短文是P20的课文改写,请从下表中选择合适的词汇并用其适当的形式完成此文。

    Wang Lu used to get the flu 14.easily and experience many toothaches.After she attended the summer camp about health and lifestyle choices,she changed her lifestyle.She made up her mind 15.to change two things in her life: to eat nothing with sugar and to exercise 16.regularly.The results have been fantastic.She feels more dynamic and 17.stronger than ever,in both body and mind.After 18.taking part in the summer camp about personal life choices,George Fielding realized that it was very important 19.to adjust his lifestyle.He used to get 20.absorbed in computer games,but now he and his father go rock climbing together 21.monthly.He gets 22.refreshed through climbing,spends more time with his dad,and gets to meet new friends.After six months of trying out new ways of relaxing,he feels much more 23.energetic.

    基础巩固
    Ⅰ.单词拼写
    1.I refreshed myself with a cup of coffee after some hard work.
    2.This is an opportunity to enhance the reputation of the company.
    3.The old man is over 70,but he is often dynamic and seldom feels tired.
    4.The Big Bang Theory is a highly successful TV comedy(喜剧).
    5.Before long we invited a spokeswoman and several consultants(顾问) to participate in the debate.
    6.These new machines must be checked monthly(每月).
    7.When his father was young,he was a famous dentist(牙医).
    8.His grandfather was an old soldier who served the war of liberation.
    Ⅱ.单句语法填空
    9.Absorbed(absorb) in his games,he didn’t notice that person.
    10.What do you usually do to get refreshed(refresh) when you are tired?
    11.The old woman was worn(wear) out and she couldn’t walk any further.
    12.To keep slim,you’d better not eat too much sugary(sugar) food.
    13.Later he found it disturbing(disturb) to work with such a talkative person.
    14.It is said that several specialists(special) will come to assess the project.
    15.The new text composed(compose) of three parts is hard to recite.
    16.I heard that she got married(marry) as soon as she graduated from college.
    Ⅲ.单句写作
    17.无论何时他看喜剧,都忍不住会哈哈大笑。(whenever)
    Whenever he sees a comedy,he can’t help laughing.
    18.第二天早上他到办公室时,他的桌子被搬走了。(get done)
    The next morning when he arrived at his office,his desk got removed.
    19.去那个公司之前,他决定刮掉胡子。(shave off)
    He decided to shave off his beard before going to that company.
    20.他谢绝加入这个五人小组。(decline;be composed of)
    He declined to join the team composed of five people.
    能力提升
    Ⅳ.阅读理解
    The younger generation,according to a new survey,can hardly remember the last time of climbing trees or flying kites,as they are kept indoors and short of outdoor experiences.
    The survey of 1,000 people found that the current generation of 15­ to 34­year­olds have fewer memories of 12 key countryside activities such as swimming in the rivers or going fishing.
    The research found that three quarters of the older generation remembered playing games or climbing trees,compared with two thirds of younger adults.
    The 55+ generation also had more memories of collecting stones,visiting a farm or pond dipping.Altogether,two thirds of older people had more memories of playing outdoors compared to just over half of the younger generation.
    The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) carried out the study at the start of the school term to stress the growing worry that children are not getting outdoors enough.
    The study has found that 82 percent of people think that schools should provide more outdoor education and most believe nature is still important to children today.
    Dr Mike Clarke,head of the RSPB,said children who are usually kept indoors are easier to get “nature deficit disorder”.He said public money should be used to take children on day trips to nature and to build wildlife gardens,especially in poor areas.
    “To many people,it would seem clear and unquestionable that an important part of childhood is exploring the world around you.Unfortunately,this is far from the fact and the children are having less time and fewer chances to get close to nature,” he said.
    “The RSPB has more than a 40­year history in getting children outdoors and is still continuing to play our role.We now need the government and the schools to realize that they should play the most important role in making it possible for all the children to experience,enjoy and benefit from the outdoor environment.”
    语篇解读 本文分析了现在孩子们的户外活动不多的现状,建议孩子多到大自然中进行户外活动。

    1.Compared with the current generation,the older generation had .
    A.more homework and exercises when they were children
    B.more memories of wonderful life in the countryside
    C.fewer memories of taking part in outdoor activities
    D.fewer chances of going on a visit to the big cities
    答案 B
    解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,现在的年轻一代与老一辈人相比,对乡村活动的记忆更少,所以老一辈人有更多乡村生活的记忆,故选B。
    2.The RSPB carried out the study in order to tell people to .
    A.spend more time with their kids
    B.care more about the kids’ growth
    C.let their kids get more outdoor activities
    D.order the schools to provide outdoor education
    答案 C
    解析 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知,RSPB进行研究是为了强调现在孩子们室外运动的不足,让孩子们更多地进行室外活动,故选C。
    3.According to the passage,“nature deficit disorder” often happens to .
    A.children who often stay indoors
    B.children who often go outdoors
    C.all the younger generation
    D.all the older generation
    答案 A
    解析 细节理解题。根据第七段中的“children who are usually kept indoors are easier to get ‘nature deficit disorder’”可知,长期待在室内的孩子更容易得“自然缺失症”,故选A。
    4.We can learn from Dr Clarke’s words in the last paragraph that .
    A.all the children can’t get close to nature and aren’t healthy any longer
    B.outdoor activities are the most important for the current generation
    C.the RSPB is more important than the government and schools in getting kids outdoors
    D.the RSPB plays an important role in getting kids outdoors all the time
    答案 D
    解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,RSPB在让孩子们更多地接触自然方面一直起着很大的作用,故选D。
    Ⅴ.完形填空
    I was confused while I was eating lunch in a restaurant the other day.I was sitting there looking at what I’d ordered and wondered if anyone else could see the 1 in my mind.I’m about to consume a lot of fat and wash it down with a diet soda.
    What can I say?I’m trying to lose some weight. 2 ,I do things like that all the time,which is probably why the pounds are 3 so slowly.I spend half an hour on the treadmill(跑步机) and I 4 myself with potato chips.I 5 that I will no longer eat them again,so I just eat a lot at this time.I make it all the way through the entire day doing everything absolutely right,and then at bedtime,“just one chip won’t 6 it” turns into “where did that entire bag of potato chips go?”
    Of course,I sometimes do well with my weight loss program.Once I put together two full weeks of eating properly and exercising regularly.I was starting to feel a(n) 7 .I could bend over to tie my shoes more easily.But just as it was about to become a habit,I entered a period of long,late nights filled with 8 deadlines.I sat in front of my computer,eating snacks and drinking sodas to help me stay 9 .Within a few days,the habit of a sensible eating and exercising was a 10 .
    Unfortunate but 11 ,I was too tired to get on the treadmill. 12 ,I had work to do,for which I needed all the energy I could 13 .So I started skipping exercise sessions.And 14 I started doing so,it became easier to skip them.
    There are always reasons not to do the things that we really should do.Every reason is just another 15 .
    语篇解读 作者想要减肥,但是他不断地摄入大量脂肪,又因为种种原因放弃了锻炼,最终减肥失败。

    1.A.battle B.competition
    C.performance D.practice
    答案 A
    解析 battle战斗;competition竞争;performance表现;practice练习。下一句提到作者摄入大量脂肪,又喝无糖苏打水减肥,故可知作者非常矛盾,内心做着激烈的“斗争”。故A项正确。
    2.A.Surprisingly B.Happily
    C.Unfortunately D.Hopefully
    答案 C
    解析 surprisingly令人惊讶地;happily高兴地;unfortunately不幸地;hopefully有希望地。上一句提到作者想要减肥,但是作者还不断地摄入大量脂肪,所以这很不幸。故C项正确。
    3.A.coming off B.passing away
    C.taking off D.turning away
    答案 A
    解析 come off能被去掉或除去;pass away去世;take off起飞;turn away拒绝……进入。作者不断地摄入大量脂肪,这是作者体重下降慢的原因。故A项正确。
    4.A.equip B.connect
    C.present D.reward
    答案 D
    解析 equip装备,使具有;connect连接;present颁发,呈现;reward奖赏。作者在跑步机上锻炼半个小时后,用薯片来奖励自己。故D项正确。
    5.A.agree B.pretend
    C.imagine D.decide
    答案 D
    解析 agree同意;pretend假装;imagine想象;decide决定。由后面的“so I just eat a lot at this time”可知,作者决定再也不吃薯片了,所以他只在锻炼完之后吃很多的薯片。故D项正确。
    6.A.hurt B.count
    C.change D.solve
    答案 A
    解析 hurt妨碍,伤害;count数数;change改变;solve解决。作者认为只吃一片薯片不会妨碍自己减肥,这是作者为自己吃薯片找的借口。故A项正确。
    7.A.urge B.attraction
    C.difference D.pain
    答案 C
    解析 urge迫切的要求;attraction吸引力;difference不同;pain痛苦。由下一句“I could bend over to tie my shoes more easily.”可知,作者弯腰系鞋带容易多了,说明作者开始感觉到不同了。故C项正确。
    8.A.original B.common
    C.inspiring D.tight
    答案 D
    解析 original最初的;common常见的;inspiring鼓舞人心的;tight紧的。由下一句作者熬夜工作可知,作者的工作期限很紧。故D项正确。
    9.A.awake B.calm
    C.healthy D.strong
    答案 A
    解析 awake醒着的;calm冷静的;healthy健康的;strong强壮的。作者通过吃零食,喝苏打水来保持清醒状态。故A项正确。
    10.A.goal B.memory
    C.reality D.trend
    答案 B
    解析 goal目标;memory记忆;reality现实;trend趋势。熬夜使得作者没有再坚持合理的饮食和锻炼,所以合理的饮食和锻炼成为一个“记忆”。 故B项正确。
    11.A.unbelievable B.changeable
    C.understandable D.enjoyable
    答案 C
    解析 unbelievable令人难以置信的;changeable易变的;understandable可理解的;enjoyable愉快的。作者太疲惫了以至于不能坚持锻炼,这虽然不幸,但是可以理解。故C项正确。
    12.A.Therefore B.However
    C.Besides D.Otherwise
    答案 C
    解析 therefore因此;however但是;besides此外;otherwise否则。上一句提到作者太累以至于不能坚持锻炼。该句提到作者有大量工作要做。这都是作者放弃的原因,它们之间是并列关系,故C项正确。
    13.A.lack B.save
    C.show D.throw
    答案 B
    解析 lack缺乏;save储存,节省;show展示;throw扔。大量的工作需要消耗作者所能储存的所有能量。故B项正确。
    14.A.once B.before
    C.unless D.though
    答案 A
    解析 once一旦;before以前;unless除非;though尽管。一旦间断锻炼,以后就很容易经常间断。故A项正确。
    15.A.choice B.fault
    C.cause D.excuse
    答案 D
    解析 choice选择;fault缺点,过失;cause起因;excuse借口。作者认为我们总是能够找到理由不去做应该做的事。每一个理由都是为自己开脱的借口。故D项正确。
    Ⅵ.语法填空
    I was traveling in a small place in New York.That place had no taxi for a short
    1. (distant).I had to take a rickshaw(人力车).
    I called out for an old man in the waiting line.Before I got on the rickshaw,I
    2. (automatic) asked how much he would charge to take me across to the Mall.I 3. (tell)
    “10 dollars”.Then I started bargaining.He just gave a hard smile and said,“Whatever you feel like,please give me.It is not necessary 4. (bargain) on this small amount.”
    I was a bit 5. (shame) at myself and kept quiet while he continued,“Unlike those taxis,my vehicle does not run on petrol or diesel(柴油) or even gas;6. runs on my sweat.So please give it to me 7. a smile,for the money has to feed so many 8. (hunger) mouths at home.”
    When we reached the Mall,I gave him the money and the smile as 9. (request) and added a gentle pat on his back.He smiled back as if to give me a receipt and I would preserve his smile for 10. long time.
    语篇解读  本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了在纽约乘坐人力车时,车夫的一番话让作者感觉到了他们生活的艰难与不易。

    1.答案 distance
    解析 考查词性转换。形容词short在此处修饰名词。distance距离。
    2.答案 automatically
    解析 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词asked,故用副词形式automatically。
    3.答案 was told
    解析 考查动词的时态和语态。本句中的主语I与动词tell之间构成被动关系,且根据第一段内容可知是过去发生的事情,故填was told。
    4.答案 to bargain
    解析 考查非谓语动词。本句是“It+be+adj.+to do sth.”结构,故填to bargain。
    5.答案 ashamed
    解析 考查词性转换。此处表示作者的心理。“我很羞愧……”,故用形容词作表语。
    6.答案 it
    解析 考查代词的用法。本句中it指代前句中的my vehicle。
    7.答案 with
    解析 考查介词的用法。句意为:请面带微笑地把钱给我。介词with表示“带着”。
    8.答案 hungry
    解析 考查词性转换。此处用形容词hungry作定语修饰名词mouths。
    9.答案 requested
    解析 考查状语从句的省略。本句中的连词as意为“像……一样”,引导方式状语从句,省略了主语和be动词。
    10.答案 a
    解析 考查冠词的用法。此处泛指“很长一段时间”,故用不定冠词a。

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