2022版高考英语一轮复习对点冲关训练板块2第1讲名词转换为形容词名词或动词含解析外研版202103311195

第1讲

单句语法填空

1．It was a ________ (fog) cold morning when he set off for the remote village.

foggy　[设空处应填入名词fog的形容词形式foggy。]

2．It is obvious that ________ (nature) disasters have contributed to the continent's economic crisis.

natural　[设空处应填入名词nature的形容词形式natural。]

3．The meeting supposed to be ________ (success) turned out to be a failure in the end.

successful　[设空处应填入名词success的形容词形式successful。]

4．People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use)．

useless　[设空处应填入名词use的形容词形式useless。]

5．The moral of the ________ (origin) story is that a devoted person certainly deserves respect.

original　[设空处应填入名词origin的形容词形式original。]

6．Surely there is some way of ordering our busy lives so that we can live in comfort and find ________ (spirit) harmony too.

spiritual　[设空处应填入名词spirit的形容词形式spiritual。]

7．The club has a ________(member) of more than 500．

membership　[member“会员”，membership“会员人数”。]

8．Men in the post office ________ (class) mails according to places they are to go.

classify　[“把邮件分类”，设空处缺少动词，class是名词，classify是动词。]

9．Facts have proved that she is a talented ________ (music) as well as being a photographer.

musician　[music“音乐”，musician“音乐家；作曲家”。]

10．Golden Pebble Beach is famous for its beautiful ________ (nature) scenery.

natural　[句意：金石滩因它美丽的自然景色而出名。设空处修饰后面的名词scenery，应用形容词，故填natural，意为“自然的”。]

语法填空

A

The Manta Resort is a remote and luxurious hotel，located on the island of Pemba，and famed for its unique underwater room that allows guests to enjoy the 1．________(beauty) marine life of the Indian Ocean from the comfort of their bed!

The unusual room floats almost 250 meters away from the coast and 2．________(hold) in place by several anchor lines(锚索) leading to the ocean floor.The top two floors of the underwater room are above the surface of the water.At sea level，the landing deck(甲板) in 3．________ middle contains an area for resting and dining as well as the bathroom facilities.4．________(guest) can also climb a ladder onto the top deck to lie out 5．________ the sun or gaze up at the stars during the night.

Of course，the real attraction is the bedroom on the bottom level，6．________ sits four meters beneath the surface of the water.Besides a double bed 7．________(lie) on，the room also has two large windows on each wall，8．________(give) almost a total 360­degree view of the water around it.Each window even has underwater spotlights on the outside that attract and illuminate(照明) nearby sea creatures at night，so guests can watch them as they drift off to sleep.

As you can 9．________(probable) guess，the cost of enjoying such a hotel room isn't cheap.Spending one night in the underwater room costs US $1，500 for two people on top of the regular cost of the resort，which 10．________(vary) depending on the time of year and duration of your stay.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了坐落在印度洋Pemba岛上的水下宾馆客房。

1．beautiful　[考查形容词。根据空格后的“marine life”可知，此处需要用形容词修饰名词，故填beauty的形容词形式beautiful。]

2．is held　[考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文的“floats”可知，此处用一般现在时，同时“The unusual room”与“hold”之间是被动关系，故需要用被动语态。]

3．the　[考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“中间部分的甲板”，故用定冠词the。in the middle“在中间”是固定用法。]

4．Guests　[考查名词单复数。空前无限定词，所以需要用guest的复数形式。]

5．in　[考查介词。客人们可以爬上梯子到顶层甲板上去晒晒太阳。in the sun表示“在阳光下”。]

6．which　[考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，此处的先行词是前面的the bedroom，且空处在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以填which。]

7．to lie　[考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示“除了一张可以躺在上面的双人床之外”，故应用不定式作后置定语，来修饰a double bed。]

8．giving　[考查非谓语动词。此处逻辑主语是前面的two large windows on each wall，与give构成主谓关系，故用动词的­ing形式giving。]

9．probably　[考查副词。根据空后的“guess”可知，此处需填副词修饰谓语动词，故用probable的副词形式probably。]

10．varies　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据主句的costs可知此处应用一般现在时，which指代the regular cost of the resort，所以需要用vary的第三人称单数形式varies。]

B

More than 70 percent of king penguins could 11．________ (wipe)out by rising ocean temperatures，according to a recent survey.

Their total population of 1.6 million today could be reduced by more than 1.1 million by 2100.12．________，many people are optimistic because these statistics show that the birds are not endangered at present.13．________ (rate) as“of least concern”，they occupy the lowest category of 14．________ (extinct) risk.

But that could change as their fish supplies move further into the Southern Ocean，where there is only a 15．________ (hand) of islands to provide a home for the birds.

King penguins require remote islands 16．________ are not too cold，have no winter sea ice and no fierce animals.If they have to swim more than 435 miles on a round trip to hunt for fish，their waiting children can starve to death as their fat reserves become steadily 17．________ (few)．It can take a parent three months 18．________ (deliver) fish to its young.

The scientists，from the University of Strasbourg in France，whose study 19．________ (publish)in the journal Nature Climate Change so far，warn that the effects of fish population moving further south could give rise 20．________ a large population crash of the penguins.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一项研究调查，该调查表明，超过70%的帝企鹅可能会因海洋温度上升而灭绝。

11．be wiped　[考查动词的语态。句意：最近的一项调查表明，超过70%的帝企鹅可能会因海洋温度上升而灭绝。could为情态动词，后应接动词原形；主语More than 70 percent of king penguins与动词短语wipe out之间为被动关系，故设空处应用被动语态。故填be wiped。]

12．However　[考查副词。句意：它们现在的总数量为160万，到2100年可能会减少110多万。然而，许多人对此持乐观态度，因为这些统计数据显示，这些企鹅目前并未面临灭绝危险。根据句意可知，设空处在句中作状语且前后内容之间为转折关系，故填However。]

13．Rated　[考查非谓语动词。句意：作为“最不受关注”的物种，它们濒临灭绝的风险最低。句中已有谓语动词occupy，动词rate所在部分与occupy所在句之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语形式，且rate和其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填rated。注意首字母大写。]

14．extinction　[考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。结合句意可知，此处表示“灭绝风险”，应用extinction risk。故填extinction。]

15．handful　[考查词性转换。a handful of为固定搭配，意为“少数……”。故填handful。]

16．that/which　[考查定语从句。句意：帝企鹅适合生活在不太冷、冬天没有海冰、没有凶猛动物的偏远岛屿。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为remote islands，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。]

17．fewer　[考查形容词的比较等级。句意：如果它们往返游超过435英里去捕鱼，它们嗷嗷待哺的孩子可能会饿死，因为这些小企鹅的脂肪储备越来越少。设空处位于系动词become后作表语，且结合句意可知，此处表示脂肪储备与之前相比更少，应用形容词的比较级形式。故填fewer。]

18．to deliver　[考查非谓语动词。句意：父母可能要花三个月的时间才能把鱼送到幼崽那里。It takes sb.some time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”，其中It为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填to deliver。]

19．has been published　[考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：法国斯特拉斯堡大学的科学家们目前在《自然气候变化》期刊上发表了研究报告，他们警告说，鱼类进一步向南迁移可能会导致企鹅数量大量减少。设空处为whose引导的非限制性定语从句中的谓语，根据so far可知，该定语从句应用现在完成时；从句主语study和动词publish之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且从句主语study为单数，故填has been published。]

20．to　[考查介词。句意见上一题解析。give rise to为固定搭配，意为“引起；导致”。故填to。]