2018届高考英语（人教）大一轮复习领航课时规范训练：必修一 Unit 5　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero Word版含答案

这是一份2018届高考英语（人教）大一轮复习领航课时规范训练：必修一 Unit 5　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero Word版含答案，共9页。

(2016·高考全国甲卷)A new cllectin f phts brings an unsuccessful Antarctic vyage back t life.
Frank Hurley's pictures wuld be utstanding—undubtedly first­rate pht­jurnalism—if they had been made last week.In fact，they were sht frm 1914 thrugh 1916，mst f them after a disastrus shipwreck (海难) ，by a cameraman wh had n reasnable expectatin f survival.Many f the images were stred in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wden ship.
The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Nrwegian­built three­master that was intended t take Sir Ernest Shackletn and a small crew f seamen and scientists,27 men in all，t the suthernmst shre f Antarctica's Weddell Sea.Frm that pint Shackletn wanted t frce a passage by dg sled (雪橇) acrss the cntinent.The jurney was intended t achieve mre than what Captain Rbert Falcn Sctt had dne.Captain Sctt had reached the Suth Ple early in 1912 but had died with his fur cmpanins n the march back.
As writer Carline Alexander makes clear in her frceful and well­researched stry The Endurance，adventuring was even then a thrughly cmmercial effrt.Sctt's last jurney，cmpleted as he lay in a tent dying f cld and hunger，caught the wrld's imaginatin，and a film made in his hnr drew crwds.Shackletn，a netime British merchant­navy fficer wh had gt t within 100 miles f the Suth Ple in 1908，started a business befre his 1914 vyage t make mney frm mvie and still phtgraphy.Frank Hurley，a cnfident and gifted Australian phtgrapher wh knew the Antarctic，was hired t make the images，mst f which have never befre been published.
1．What d we knw abut the phts taken by Hurley?
A．They were made last week.
B．They shwed undersea sceneries.
C．They were fund by a cameraman.
D．They recrded a disastrus adventure.
2．Wh reached the Suth Ple first accrding t the text?
A．Frank Hurley.
B．Ernest Shackletn.
C．Rbert Falcn Sctt.
D．Carline Alexander.
3．What des Alexander think was the purpse f the 1914 vyage?
A．Artistic creatin.
B．Scientific research.
C．Mney making.
D．Treasure hunting.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
1．解析：选D。细节理解题。由题干中的the phts taken by Hurley定位到文章第二段开头。该段说这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作，故A项错误；该段中还说照片是在一次海难之后拍的，故D项正确；文章没有说拍摄的是海底景观，故B项错误；拍摄者是摄影师，但没有说是一名摄影师发现了这些照片，故C项错误。
2．选C。推理判断题。由题干中的“第一个到达南极”这条信息定位到第三段。被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Rbert Falcn Sctt船长先前的探险更大的收获，该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Rbert Falcn Sctt是最先到达南极的人，故选C项。
3．选C。细节理解题。题干的Alexander在最后一段出现，the 1914 vyage指本文谈到的Endurance这艘船的探险，该段开头说，这个作家在她的小说The Endurance中说，在那时，探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thrughly cmmercial effrt)了，因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(mney making)，故选C项。A项“艺术创作”，B项“科学调研”，D项“寻宝”，均未体现。
B
(2017·广东惠州三调)In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment t write a reprt n what they wanted t be when they grew up. She pured her heart int her reprt and expressed her dream f becming an airline pilt. Her paper came back with an “F” n it. The teacher tld her it was a “fairy tale”. Jean was heartbrken and ashamed. As the years went by, Jean was beaten dwn by the discuragement and negativity she encuntered whenever she talked abut her dream.“Girls can't becme airline pilts; never have, never will. Yu're crazy. That's impssible.” Finally Jean gave up.
In her senir year f high schl, her English teacher was Mrs. Drthy Slatn, a demanding teacher with high standards. One day Mrs. Slatn asked this questin：“If yu had unlimited finances, unlimited access t the finest schls, unlimited talents and abilities, what wuld yu d？” Jean felt a rush f the ld enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrte dwn the very ld dream.
The next thing that Mrs. Slatn said changed the curse f Jean's life. The teacher leaned frward ver her desk and said，“I have a little secret fr yu. Yu d have unlimited abilities and talents. When yu leave schl, if yu dn't g fr yur dreams, n ne will d it fr yu. Yu can have what yu want if yu want it enugh.”
The hurt and fear f years f discuragement disappeared all f a sudden.Jean felt thrilled and tld her abut her dream f becming a pilt. Mrs. Slatn slapped the desk tp.“Then d it！” she said.
S Jean did. It didn't happen vernight. In her 10 years f hard wrk, even facing varieties f laugh, frustratin and ppsitin，she never gave up her dream. Instead, she went n ding everything her third­grade teacher regarded as fairy­tale.
Eventually, Jean Harper became a Being 737 captain fr the United Airline Cmpany.
4．Jean's third­grade teacher thught her dream t be ________.
A．great B．impssible
C．challenging D．reasnable
5．Mrs. Slatn may hld the view that ________.
A．nly sme f her students have great ptential
B．her students are gd enugh t be admitted t the best schls
C．belief cntributes t realizing a dream
D．Jean was t have her dream realized
6．Accrding t the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．Jean's dream was always in her deep heart
B．Jean wed her success t all her teachers
C．mst peple arund Jean apprved f her dream
D．Jean achieved her dream with ease
7．Which is the best title f the passage?
A．A Respectable Teacher
B．Hw t Realize a Dream
C．Hard Wrk Pays ff
D．Reach fr the Sky
【语篇导读】 琼·哈珀经历种种打击，仍然不放弃梦想，后来在一位老师的鼓励下，她为梦想而奋斗，最终实现了自己的梦想。
4．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三、四句Her paper came back with an“F”n it.The teacher tld her it was a“fairy tale”．可知，老师认为她的梦想是不可能实现的。
5．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句Yu can have what yu want if yu want it enugh.可知，只要有强烈的愿望，就能实现你的梦想。故选C项。
6．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Jean felt a rush f the ld enthusiasm，and with excitement she wrte dwn the very ld dream.和第四段第一句The hurt and fear f years f discuragement disappeared all f a sudden.可知她的梦想一直深藏心底。
7．解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章主要讲琼·哈珀经历种种打击，仍然不放弃梦想，后来在一位老师的鼓励下，艰苦努力，永不言弃，最终美梦成真。Reach fr the Sky意为“伸手触摸天空”，既暗示了主人公想当飞行员的梦想，又表达了实现梦想的艰难，一语双关，贴切传神。
C
(2017·河北衡水第三次联考)My grandmther was frm a twn in Michigan. Summer after summer，I enjyed staying with my grandparents as a yung child.I was frm the city and lved the small twn they lived in. Peple knew everyne, their kids, their pets and their ancestrs. The bnd with them cntinued t grw as they gt lder. Grandma was always using her hands fr smething exciting. She wuld make little sandwiches and we'd have tea parties. She'd make beautiful quilts fr each ne. I remember the small thimble (顶针) she wuld use while ding her needle wrk.
A few years ag, when Grandma left this earth, I bid farewell t a lving grandmther. Hw quickly ur lives can change. We had just had tea tgether a cuple f mnths earlier, n her 91st birthday.
I missed her very much. On ne particular birthday, when I was feeling a little lw, smething happened t make me feel like she was sharing that special day with me. I was arranging sme clrful pillws that she had made, and suddenly I felt smething inside ne pillw. It was small and hard. I mved the bject t a seam (接缝) that I carefully pened, and t my delight ut came a tiny silver thimble! Hw happy I was t find smething that had been a part f her.Nt realizing it had fallen ff her finger, I pictured her sewing it in that little pillw that I just happened t place n my bedspread that day. I carefully laid the thimble alngside the thers I've cllected ver the years, where I culd cntinue t see the gift Gd chse t reveal t me. What a precius memry f a very special lady wh smehw, I knew, was laughing in delight at sewing her thimble inside my pillw.
I made sme tea, using my best china, as Grandma always did, and enjyed my tea and Grandma's thimble. What a wnderful birthday that was!
8．The authr wrte this passage t ________.
A．express a desire t lead a simple life
B．shw she missed living with her grandma
C．call n peple t care fr the ld
D．recall her happy childhd
9．The authr liked staying with her grandparents because ________.
A．she was curius abut peple and things there
B．they ften bught her sme gifts
C．she culd have tea parties and eat sandwiches
D．she culd learn t sew quilts
10．Hw did the authr feel when she fund the silver thimble?
A．Sad. B．Prud.
C．Cheerful. D．Lucky.
11．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Grandma's Silver Thimble
B．A Little Pillw
C．My Grandparents
D．My Childhd
【语篇导读】 作者以祖母的银顶针为回忆的线索，讲述了自己小时候和祖父母一起度过的快乐时光。祖母去世后，作者在她缝制的枕头里发现了她用过的顶针。本文表达了作者对祖母的深切怀念之情。
8．解析：选B。推理判断题。本题考查作者的写作意图，在文中作者回忆了小时候和祖母一起度过的快乐时光，因此作者写作的主要目的是缅怀自己已故的祖母。
9．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的I was frm the city and lved the small twn they lived in.Peple knew everyne bnd with them cntinued t grw as they gt lder.可知，作者小时候在夏天时会去祖父母居住的小镇与他们一起生活，作者对那里的人和事都充满了好奇。故选A项。
10．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的Hw happy I was t find smething that had been a part f her.可知，作者发现了祖母的银顶针时的心情是喜悦的。
11．解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据作者回忆，祖母的银顶针是贯穿全文的线索，作者透过小小的一枚顶针，表达了对祖母无限的回忆和深深的爱。
D
With a millin 18­25s unemplyed, it's nt an easy time fr yung peple lking t get n the jb ladder.Hwever, thrugh the statistic I saw an pprtunity that I decided t take. Thrughut the past years I have wrked hard t develp a number f prjects t help yung peple gain an advantage in their careers and in life. With the supprt f Levi Rts, wh created Reggae sauce, I funded UnITe Cmputing in 2011 and since then I have enjyed wrking with clients(客户) such as Ggle UK，the University f Australia and thers. Thugh this jurney has had its ups and dwns, I am prud f hw far we have cme.
The main issue I have faced s far in my business life has been gaining the trust f thers. If yu are 19, nt very many peple believe yu when yu say yu run a number f businesses. In fact I have been laughed at and even tld t get a jb by sme.This was a majr bstacle I had t face. T vercme it I simply established a prfessinal and psitive reputatin amng clleagues, friends and in the media in rder t build credibility fr myself and my businesses. Age shuld nt limit yur ability t succeed and I have gained mre respect due t my willingness t give back and reward the cmmunities which supprt me.
One f the yung business peple I persnally supprt is Ryan Farquharsn wh runs Lvethequte. cm.He says，“T anybdy that has an urge t run their wn business I wuld abslutely say g fr it, anyne can d it！”
It's this g­getting attitude that I firmly believe needs t be encuraged and develped amng tday's yung peple. The “ne millin unemplyed yuth”statistic is a key drive fr change and an pprtunity t get up and make smething f yurself，yu simply have t g fr it and pick up supprt. That is what my jurney and my stry aims t inspire.
12．The authr established the cmpany because he ________.
A．failed t find a satisfying jb
B．enjyed wrking fr himself
C．fllwed Levi Rts' advice
D．sptted a chance f success
13．The underlined wrd “bstacle” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A．pressure B．difficulty
C．frustratin D．disappintment
14．By mentining Ryan Farquharsn, the authr wants t ________.
A．shw the achievement Ryan Farquharsn has made
B．encurage yung peple t turn t him fr supprt
C．explain what is the mst imprtant thing t succeed
D．intrduce the right attitude yung peple shuld have
15．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the authr?
A．Determined and generus.
B．Cnsiderate and ptimistic.
C．Sympathetic and prductive.
D．Adventurus and respnsible.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。面对很多年轻人找不到工作的现状，同样身为年轻人的作者从中嗅得商机并创办了自己的公司，帮助其他年轻人赢在起跑线上。
12．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“thrugh the statistic I saw an pprtunity that I decided t take funded UnITe Cmputing”可知，作者通过统计看到一个实施的机会。……并于2011年成立了UnITe Cmputing公司。
13．解析：选B。词义猜测题。由于年龄小，作者不能取得别人的信任，因此如何取得别人的信任成为作者在创业途中碰到的最大“难题”。
14．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It's this g­getting attitude that I firmly believe needs t be encuraged and develped amng tday's yung peple.”可以看出，作者提Ryan Farquharsn主要是想引出他说的话。作者认为当今年轻人都应该有他的这种态度。
15．解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，面对别人的质疑，作者并未放弃，而是通过努力让别人改变对自己的看法，由此可以看出作者很有决心；再根据第二段中的“my willingness t give back and reward the cmmunities which supprt me”不难看出，作者非常慷慨。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·湖南长沙市长郡中学月考)When we are little, we knw nthing abut the rights and respnsibilities f adulthd.____1____Therefre, if we like a certain ty r if we want t eat a certain type f chclate, we think that ur parents will have t buy that fr us. We dn't care that they pssibly have nt enugh mney fr that. If they dn't carry ut ur wish, we'll begin t cry.____2____Whenever we begin t cry, we'll get what we want.
Still, little by little, we realize that ur parents can't ffer us all that we want fr certain reasns. We then als understand that parents have their rights. They have the right t scld us when we d smething wrng r when they find ut that we have lied t them.____3____They chse ur clthes, the fd we eat, the schl we will study at, the hurs when we shuld g ut t play and the time we have t return hme.
4____They are the nes t be blamed later if we dn't receive prper educatin. That's why when we beat a classmate at the kindergarten, parents are the nes t aplgize fr ur deeds in frnt f the teacher and the classmate's parents. And when we get ill, they are respnsible fr nt taking gd care f us and fr dressing us inadequately.
The mment we becme teenagers, we ntice that we shuld be respnsible fr ur behavir in sciety.Nw we have the right t be independent.____5____It is suppsed that we are mature enugh t slve ur prblems and t make peple arund trust us. Fr sme f us, this is a difficult test t pass, but it is the best methd t see if we are capable f taking ur place in sciety.
A．Hwever, it's als time fr us t give explanatins when we d smething wrng.
B．But at the same time they are respnsible fr many things that happen t us.
C．Mrever, they have the right t make chices fr us when we are little.
D．We shuld believe we can d them by urselves.
E．This is a child's imprtant weapn t threaten his/her parents.
F．As a matter f fact, parents have a lt f things t be cncerned abut.
G．We think ur parents shuld ffer us all we need.
【解题导语】 当我们小的时候，我们没有意识到父母的权利和责任。但当我们长大以后，我们也需要背负属于自己的权利和责任。
1．解析：选G。根据上文“When we are little，we knw nthing abut the rights and respnsibilities f adulthd”(当我们小的时候，我们对成年人的权利和责任一无所知)和下文的“Therefre，if we like a certain ty r if we want t eat a certain type f chclate，we think that ur parents will have t buy that fr us”(因此，如果我们喜欢某个玩具或者想吃某种类型的巧克力，我们认为我们的父母必须给我们买)可知，此处应该填一个起承上启下作用的句子，故G项“我们认为我们的父母应该给我们提供我们所需的一切”符合语境。
2．解析：选E。根据上文中的“If they dn't carry ut ur wish，we'll begin t cry”(如果我们的愿望没有被满足，我们就会开始哭)和下文的“Whenever we begin t cry，we'll get what we want”(每当我们开始哭，我们就会得到自己想要的东西)可知，E项承上启下，表示“这是一个孩子威胁他/她父母的重要武器”。
3．解析：选C。根据上文的内容可知，父母有他们自己的权利，当我们做错事或者撒谎的时候，他们有权利批评我们。而下文提到父母为我们作的各种各样的选择。故C项承上启下，表示“而且，他们有权利在我们小的时候为我们作选择”。
4．解析：选B。上一段的内容介绍了父母拥有的权利，而本段却提到了“They are the nes t be blamed later if we dn't receive prper educatin”(如果我们没有得到适当的教育，他们事后会被责备)，故B项承上启下，表示“但是与此同时，他们要为发生在我们身上的许多事情负责”。
5．解析：选A。根据上文中的“Nw we have the right t be independent”(现在我们有权利独立了)和下文中的“we are mature enugh t slve ur prblems”(我们成熟到足以解决自己的问题了)可知，A项承上启下，表示“但是，当我们做错事的时候，也到了我们作解释的时候了”。