统考版2021高考英语二轮专题复习40分阅读理解提分练二含解析新人教版20201209247

这是一份统考版2021高考英语二轮专题复习40分阅读理解提分练二含解析新人教版20201209247，共7页。

第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
[2020·武汉市高中毕业生6月供题]The best way t see the wrld's architectural marvels is t visit them in persn.
Singapre
The architecture f Singapre is futuristic t the pint where visitrs may feel like they have stepped nt a science fictin film. The Gardens by the Bay is ne f the mst visually striking creatins that it has t ffer, cnsisting f large parkland dtted with strange but wnderful structures.
Barcelna
Every year millins f peple fld int this clrful Spanish city t see the unique wrks f famed architect Antni Gaudí. The Temple Expiatri de la Sagrada Família is the mst ppular f these and is still being built, in spite f the fact that wrk began all the way back in 1882. S if yu want t avid the crwds, yu can take yur pick n yur trip.
Athens
Ancient architecture is abundant in Athens, with buildings that have std fr thusands f years still managing t twer. Frm the inspiring remains f the Parthenn t varius spirits including Zeus and Hephaestus, Athens is the place t visit if yu are eager t see architecture filled with histry.
Dubai
If yu are lking fr breathtaking architecture, Dubai will satisfy yur curisity. Frm the unusual height f the Burj Khalifa t the impressive achievement f the Palm Island, everything seems bigger in Dubai and there is luxury (奢华) in almst every aspect f the city, earning it a serius reputatin n the internatinal travel scene.
1．What is special abut the architecture f Singapre?
A．Super mdern. B．Extremely ld.
C．Pretty clrful. D．Rather plain.
2．Which is ne f the wrks f architect Antni Gaudí？
A．Bruj Khalifa.
B．The Gardens by the Bay.
C．The Parthenn.
D．The Temple Expiatri de la Sagrada Família.
3．Where will yu travel if yu are curius abut ld tales behind architecture?
A．T Singapre. B．T Barcelna.
C．T Athens. D．T Dubai.
B
[2020·潍坊市高三下学期模拟考试(二)]I wrk at a grcery stre in Mntreal's Plateau neighburhd, which gets a lt f regulars. On March 12, the Quebec gvernment annunced t clse all public places t stp the spread f the pandemic (流行病) f crnavirus.
The next day the stre was the busiest I've ever seen. The six cash registers had t be kept pen frm 10 a. m. until clse. It_was_nuts. I didn't have time t eat lunch, and whenever ne f us n cash had t use the bathrm, we'd have t bring in a c­wrker ff the flr t cver fr us.
Since then, the atmsphere in the stre has been different. Custmers are mstly cnsiderate, but whenever smene cughs r sneezes, everyne turns arund t make sure that persn sneezed int their elbw. I've even seen custmers cme in wearing sme strange get­ups. One guy even came in with a plastic Walmart bag wrapped arund his entire head, with a slit cut ut fr his eyes.
A lt f my c­wrkers have left t avid a public­facing jb during the pandemic. Grcery stre wrkers acrss Canada are putting their health at risk every time they cme in t wrk, but a lt f us are still making clse t minimum wage. I realized that I feel mre exhausted than nrmal even thugh I'm wrking the same hurs.
There still have been sme mments f kindness in the midst f the chas. I've verheard peple talking n the phne wh sunded as thugh they were rganizing grcery deliveries fr thse stuck at hme. And this past weekend a very nice lady thanked us fr cntinuing t wrk. I knw everyne is wrried, but it's useless having the same scary cnversatins day after day. Instead, tell us a funny anecdte, r abut smething nice. We'll appreciate the distractin, and yu'll make ur day just a bit brighter.
4．What des the authr intend t shw by “It was nuts.” in Paragraph 2?
A．The gds were in shrt supply.
B．The stre was having a big sale.
C．The cashiers cmplained abut their wrk.
D．The lcals rushed t d shpping like crazy.
5．What des Paragraph 3 cnvey abut custmers?
A．They like t shp here in disguise.
B．They are panicky abut the disease.
C．They are mre friendly t each ther.
D．They have taken prper preventive measures.
6．Which f the fllwing best describes the authr?
A．Optimistic. B．Talented.
C．Ambitius. D．Efficient.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．It is nt wrk but wrry that kills
B．Helping thers is helping urselves
C．Mments f kindness shine in a time f chas
D．Here is what it's like wrking in the pandemic
C
[2020·湖南省名校联盟高三联考]A new device, an anti­slar panel (板), can harvest energy frm the cld night sky.
The center f the new night light is a thermelectric generatr (热电发电机). The sky­facing side f the generatr is attached t an aluminum plate sealed beneath a transparent cver and surrunded with materials that can keep heat ut. This plate stays cler than the surrunding air by giving ff heat it absrbs.
Meanwhile, the bttm f the generatr is attached t an expsed aluminum plate that is cntinually warmed by surrunding air. At night, when nt baking under the sun, the tp plate can get a cuple f degrees Celsius cler than the bttm f the generatr. When ne side f the generatr is cler than the ther, it prduces electricity.
Engineer Wei Li f Stanfrd University and clleagues tested a 20­centimeter prttype (雏形) f the device n a clear December night in Stanfrd. The generatr prduced up t abut 25 milliwatts f pwer per square meter f the device — enugh t light a small LED r light bulb. The team believes that further design imprvements culd increase prductin up t at least 0.5 watts per square meter. The pwer prductin is much less than slar panels, but enugh fr emergency backup pwer. A typical light bulb might cnsume a few watts f electricity, says Shanhui Fan, an electrical engineer at Stanfrd University wh wrked n the device. S a device that tk up a few square meters f rf space culd light up a rm with energy frm the night sky.
Aaswath Raman, a materials scientist and engineer at UCLA, als imagines using their team's generatr t help pwer remte weather statins. This may be especially useful in plar (极地的) regins that dn't see sunlight fr mnths, Raman says. “If yu have sme lw­pwer lad and yu need t pwer it thrugh three mnths f darkness, this might be a way.”
8．Why is the upper side f the generatr cler than the surrunding air?
A．It has cl metal.
B．It sends ut heat.
C．It takes in n heat.
D．It absrbs surrunding air.
9．Hw des the new device prduce electricity?
A．By cling air arund it.
B．By making a transparent cver.
C．By using temperature difference.
D．By being expsed t the sunlight.
10．What can we learn abut the generatr?
A．It ccupies much space t set up.
B．It's f great use in sunless areas.
C．It's widely used arund the wrld.
D．It equals slar panels in pwer prductin.
11．What is the engineers' attitude t the future f the device?
A．Hpeful. B．Cautius.
C．Uncertain D．Objective.
D
[2020·泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测]The cean cvers ver 70 percent f the surface f Earth tday, but ver 3 billin years ag the entire planet may have been cvered in water. T investigate what ur planet was like billins f years ag, a team f researchers turned t indirect methds f analysis at a gelgical site in the Australian Outback knwn as Panrama (全景画) in the Pilbara Cratn. Tday, the regin is 100 kilmeters inland, but 3.2 billin years ag, it was deep underwater.
In fact, there were als nce ancient hydrthermal vents (热水口) there where seawater bubbled up thrugh the cean flr. “There are n samples f really ancient cean water lying arund, but we d have rcks that interacted_with that seawater and remembered that interactin，” lead authr Benjamin Jhnsn, an assistant prfessr at Iwa State University, said in a statement.
The researchers cllected ver 100 f these rck samples and fund smething peculiar in them: a slightly higher amunt f a particular istpe (同位素) f xygen. The vast majrity f xygen n Earth is Oxygen­16 and cntains eight prtns (质子) and eight neutrns. Hwever, abut 0.20 percent is Oxygen­18.
Samples frm Australia shw the regin's ancient water cntained mre Oxygen­18 than present times. Since cntinents are cvered in clay­rich sil that is efficient at trapping Oxygen­18, the team suggests that withut cntinents cvered in sil, mre Oxygen­18 wuld have been present in the cean. Their discvery indeed suggests there wasn't much dry land available 3.24 billin years ag.
“There's nthing in what we've dne that says yu can't have tiny, micr­cntinents sticking ut f the ceans，” added c­authr Bswell Wing. “We just dn't think there were glbal­scale frmatins f cntinental sils like we have tday.” The researchers dn't knw when and hw cntinents began t emerge ut f the cean but they plan t investigate “yunger” rck frmatins t piece tgether a mre precise timeline.
12．Where is the research site?
A．In a regin deep underwater.
B．In a regin ff Australia.
C．In a regin inland Australia.
D．In a regin utside the Pilbara Cratn.
13．What d the underlined wrds “interacted with” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Have an effect n each ther.
B．Have a ne­way effect.
C．Have a mysterius effect.
D．Have a negative effect.
14．What's the researchers' cnclusin after analyzing samples frm Australia?
A．Mdern earth must have been a water wrld.
B．Mdern earth must have been a cntinental wrld.
C．Ancient earth may have been a water wrld.
D．Ancient earth may have been a cntinental wrld.
15．What's the researchers' next fcus f the study?
A．T research cntinental sils' frmatins.
B．T research the cean's frmatins.
C．T research “lder” rck frmatins.
D．T research “yunger” rck frmatins.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2020·潍坊高三下学期二模]Including children in the farming lifestyle has many benefits. Sure, it is nice t have the additinal help with chres (家庭杂务), but it als fsters s much grwth, sending ur kids dwn a gd path twards wh they will smeday becme. It is pssible that ur children will grw up t lead lives that d nt include farming. __16__
Thrugh caring fr farm animals, kids learn that in life thers ften cme befre self. __17__ It desn't matter if we dn't feel like it r if we are sick and tired. What matters is that we take care f the animals that take care f us and d s in a timely manner.
__18__ If the wrk n a farm des nt get dne, the peratin fails. It takes discipline and cmmitment t get dwn t business every day, and seeing this in actin will give kids a gd wrk attitude. They will knw and understand that nthing gd cmes easy and that they have t wrk t survive. __19__ Functining as part f a prductive team will surely be playing a crucial rle sner r later in all walks f life.
Additinally, farming teaches patience. __20__ Cattle will be difficult t cntrl. Hrses will run away when yu try t catch them. Gats will kick ver that bucket f hard­earned milk. A rster will decide yu gt t clse t his hens and give yu a run fr yur mney. In spite f all that, kids will learn t be patient and take things easy.
There may nt be any instant reward, but in the lng­term kids will see the benefit f all their effrts during thse hard days.
A．At the same time, they learn t wrk with thers.
B．Farm life als teaches kids the value f hard wrk.
C．Children learn t be grateful fr animals fr eating purpse.
D．Teamwrk is n lnger an imprtant skill t develp and use.
E．There are ging t be a lt f days when things d nt g yur way.
F．Hwever, what they learn n a farm can als be instrumental in their future lives.
G．Animals need t be fed, watered, and cared fr befre we get t sit dwn and relax.
40分阅读理解提分练(二)
第一节
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——建筑技术——世界建筑奇迹
[文章大意] 文章介绍了新加坡、巴塞罗那、雅典及迪拜的建筑特色及其代表建筑。
1．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据Singapre部分第一句“The architecture f Singapre is futuristic t the pint where visitrs may feel like they have stepped nt a science fictin film.”可知，新加坡的建筑是非常现代的。故选A。
2．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据Barcelna部分第一句中的“t see the unique wrks f famed architect Antni Gaudí”以及第二句中的“The Temple Expiatri de la Sagrada Família is the mst ppular f these.”可知，Temple Expiatri de la Sagrada Família是Antni Gaudí的作品。故选D。
3．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据Athens部分最后一句中的“Athens is the place t visit if yu are eager t see architecture filled with histry.”可推知，如果你对建筑背后的古老故事感到好奇，你可以去雅典参观。故选C。
B
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——新型病源——新型冠状病毒性肺炎的出现
[文章大意] 文章主要叙述了作者在新型冠状病毒性肺炎大流行期间的工作情况。
4．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。该题问的是作者在第二段提到“It was nuts.”是要说明什么。根据关键句“The next day the stre was the busiest I've ever seen. The six cash registers had t be kept pen frm 10 a. m. until clse.”(第二段第一、二句)可知，商店十分忙碌，收银机从早到晚一直开着。由此可推知，作者想说明当地人疯狂地赶去购物。故选D。
5．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。该题问的是第三段传达了关于顾客的什么信息。根据关键句“Custmers are mstly cnsiderate, but whenever smene cughs r sneezes, everyne turns arund t make sure that persn sneezed int their elbw. I've even seen custmers cme in wearing sme strange get­ups. One guy even came in with a plastic Walmart bag wrapped arund his entire head, with a slit cut ut fr his eyes.”(第三段第二至四句)可推知，他们对这种疾病感到恐慌。故选B。
6．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。该题问的是哪一项最适合描述作者。根据关键句“I knw everyne is wrried, but it's useless having the same scary cnversatins day after day. Instead, tell us a funny anecdte, r abut smething nice. We'll appreciate the distractin, and yu'll make ur day just a bit brighter.”(第五段最后三句)可知，作者认为不该每天都谈论那些引起恐慌的事情，而应用轻松美好的故事来分散人们的注意力，调节心情。由此可推知，作者是乐观的。故选A。
7．答案与解析：D 标题概括题。该题问的是本文的最佳标题是什么。通读全文可知，文章主要叙述了作者在新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行期间的工作情况。因此，本文的最佳标题应是“这是疫情期间工作的情况”。故选D。
C
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——科技——新型发电机
[文章大意] 文中介绍了通过温差发电的新型发电机。
8．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“This plate stays cler than the surrunding air by giving ff heat it absrbs.”可知，发电机面向天空的一面比周围的空气温度低，因为它能把吸收的热量发散出去。故选B项。
9．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。第二段介绍了发电机面向天空的一面比周围的空气温度低，第三段介绍了发电机的底部持续被加热，夜晚，发电机的上面比下面低好几度。再结合第三段最后一句“When ne side f the generatr is cler than the ther, it prduces electricity.”可知，当发电机的一面比另一面温度低时就会产生电力。由此可推知，该发电机是利用温差发电的。故选C项。
10．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“This may be especially useful in plar(极地的)regins that dn't see sunlight fr mnths.”可知，该发电机在数月都没有阳光的极地很有用，即它在缺乏阳光的地区用途很大。故选B项。
11．答案与解析：A 考查观点态度。根据第四、第五段的内容，尤其是“S a device that tk up a few square metres f rf space culd light up a rm with energy frm the night sky”“If yu have sme lw­pwer lad and yu need t pwer it thrugh three mnths f darkness, this might be a way.”可知，这些工程师们都认为该设备很实用，即对其前景充满希望。故选A项。
D
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——人文地理——十亿年前的地球
[文章大意] 文章介绍了一项关于数十亿年前地球是什么样子的研究。
12．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据关键句“T investigate what ur planet was like billins f years ag, a team f researchers turned t indirect methds f analysis at a gelgical site in the Australian Outback knwn as Panrama (全景画)in the Pilbara Cratn.”(第一段第二句)可知，该研究的研究地点在澳大利亚内陆的一个地区。故选C。
13．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据关键句“There are n samples f really ancient cean water lying arund, but we d have rcks that interacted_with that seawater and remembered that interactin，”(第二段最后一句)可知，that interactin是指interacted with that seawater。由此可知，interacted with...意为“与……相互作用”。故选A。
14．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据关键句“Their discvery indeed suggests there wasn't much dry land available 3.24 billin years ag.”(第四段最后一句)可知，在古代，地球可能是一个水的世界。故选C。
15．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据关键句“The researchers dn’t knw when and hw cntinents began t emerge ut f the cean but they plan t investigate ‘yunger’ rck frmatins t piece tgether a mre precise timeline.”(最后一段最后一句)可知，研究人员下一步的研究重点是研究较“年轻”的岩层。故选D。
第二节
语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与社会——社会实践——参加农场生活给孩子们带来的好处
[文章大意] 文章主要介绍了孩子们参与农场生活的益处。
16．答案与解析：F 根据本段第一句“Including children in the farming lifestyle has many benefits.”可知，让孩子们参与到农场生活中有很多好处；根据空格前一句“It is pssible that ur children will grw up t lead lives that d nt include farming.”可知，我们的孩子长大后可能会不再需要干农活。下文介绍了农场生活给孩子带来的好处。F项“然而，他们在农场学到的东西对他们未来的生活也有帮助”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
17．答案与解析：G 根据空格前一句“Thrugh caring fr farm animals, kids learn that in life thers ften cme befre self.”可知，通过照顾农场里的动物，孩子们了解到：在生活中，别人往往比自己重要。G项“在我们坐下来放松之前，需要给动物们喂食、喂水并照顾它们”与上文紧密衔接，符合语境。故选G。
18．答案与解析：B 根据空格后一句“If the wrk n a farm des nt get dne, the peratin fails.”可知，如果农场的工作没有完成，活动就是失败的。B项“农场生活还使孩子们懂得努力工作的价值”能够引出下文，符合语境。故选B。
19．答案与解析：A 根据空格后一句“Functining as part f a prductive team will surely be playing a crucial rle sner r later in all walks f life.”可知，作为一个高效的团队的一份子，迟早会在各行各业中发挥重要作用。A项“同时，他们学会了与他人合作”与下文紧密衔接，符合语境。故选A。
20答案与解析：E 空格后列举了几个在农场劳作时可能会遇到的麻烦。E项“将会有很多事情不顺心的日子”能够引出下文，符合语境。故选E。