高中外研版Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges学案及答案

Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges

复习情态动词

1．can和could (could是can的过去式，语气更委婉)

(1)表示能力。

He can use the computer skillfully now，but he couldn't last year.他现在能熟练使用电脑了，但去年他不会。

(2)表示可能性(肯定句中表示“一时的可能性”)，可译为“有可能；有时会”。

Training by oneself in a gym can be highly dangerous.一个人在体育馆训练有时会很危险。

(3)表示许可。

—Can/Could I have a look at your new pen?

—Yes，you can./No，you can't.

——我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？

——可以。/不可以。

[名师点津]

can 表示允许时，在疑问句中用 could 更委婉，在回答中一律用 can。

(4)can/could在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑，译为“可能”。

That can't be Mary — she's in hospital.

那不可能是玛丽——她在住院。

Someone is knocking at the door.Who can it be?

有人在敲门。可能是谁呢？

(5)can't与enough或too连用，表示“再……也不为过”。

You can't be careful enough.

你再细心也不为过。

(6)can与be able to的区别。

can表示“能力”时，只有can与could两种形式，仅表示具备的能力，不说明是否实施了努力。

be able to表示“能力”时，可以用于各种时态， be able to 用于过去时态表能力时，侧重指经过努力而成功做到某事。

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly，but everyone was able to get out.

大火在整个宾馆内迅速的蔓延开来，但每个人都成功逃出来了。

[即时训练1]选词填空：can, could, can't, couldn't, be able to

①However great the difficulties may be, we can overcome them.

②It was annoying; I couldn't get access to the data bank you had recommended.

③I was able to swim to the bank after the boat turned over.

2．may和might

(1)表示允许或征询对方许可，might表示更加委婉的语气。(有时可与can/could互换)

—May I watch TV after supper?

—Yes，you may./No，you mustn't.

——晚饭后我可以看电视吗？

——是的，可以。/不可以。

否定回答时，用can't或mustn't，不用couldn't。

(2)表示可能性，might可能性更小。

They might be having a meeting，but I'm not sure.

他们有可能在开会，不过我不确定。

(3)may放在句首可以表示祝愿。

May God bless you!

愿上帝保佑你！

(4)may/might as well＋动词原形，意为“不妨”。

If that is the case，you might as well try.

如果事情是这样的，你不妨一试。

[即时训练2]　用适当的情态动词填空

①Life is unpredictable; even the poorest may/might become the richest.

②May you be happy every day and succeed in your work!

③—May I smoke in this room?

—No, you mustn't/can't．

3．must与have to

(1)二者均表示“必须”，但 must 是指说话人的主观看法，而 have to 则强调客观需要。must 用于一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。

I have to wait here because I have no umbrella with me.

我不得不在这儿等，因为我没带伞。(强调客观需要)

I must recite the text this morning.

今天早上我必须背下这篇课文。(强调主观意志)

(2)must 所构成的疑问句，回答的否定形式通常为needn't 或 don't have to，意为“不必要，不用”，而一般不说mustn't (表示“禁止”)。

—Must we hand in our exercise books today?

—Yes，you must./No，you don't have to/you needn't.

——我们今天必须交上练习册吗？

——是的，必须交上。/不，没必要。/不，不需要。

You mustn't smoke here.

你绝不能在这里吸烟。

(3)must 常表示有根据的、比较确定的推测(只用于肯定的陈述句)，译为“一定，必定”。

Your mother must be waiting for you now.

你的母亲现在一定在等着你。

(4)must 表示“偏要，偏偏”。

Why must you always interrupt me?

你为什么非要一直打断我呢？

[即时训练3]　用适当的情态动词填空

①If you must smoke, please go out.

②My brother was ill, so I had to call a doctor in.

③—Must I turn down the radio now?

—No, you needn't/don't have to．

4．shall和should

(1)shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句，用来表示征询对方意见或请求指示。

Shall I open the window?

我可以打开窗子吗？

Manager，someone is waiting for you.Shall he come in?

经理，有人在等你，他可以进来吗？

(2)shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人的意愿，有“允诺”、“警告”、“命令”、“强制”、“威胁”等意思。

You shall get what you want if you behave well.

如果你表现好的话，你就会得到你想要的东西。(表示允诺)

He shall be sorry for it one day，I tell you.

有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。(表示警告)

[名师点津]

should 有时可用于某些从句中，表示说话人惊奇、失望等感情色彩，常译为“竟然，怎么会”。

I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you.

他竟然对你这样无理，真让我吃惊。

5．will和would

(1)表示请求、建议，would比will更委婉客气。

Would/Will you pass me the ball，please?

你可以把球传给我吗？

(2)表示意志、愿望和决心，would用于过去的情况。

I will help you if you meet with trouble.

如果你有麻烦，我乐意帮你。

She said that she would try her best to help us.

她说她愿意尽自己最大的努力来帮我们。

(3)will表示规律，意为“注定会”，过去时用would。

You will regret forever if you lose this golden chance.

如果错过这次好机会，你注定会终生后悔的。

(4)would表示过去的习惯性动作；而used to表示过去常常做某事，强调现在不是这样了。

Each time his mother's birthday came，he would buy her a present.

每次到他母亲生日的时候，他都要给她买一件礼物。(表示过去的习惯)

My father used to go to the office by bike when he was young.

我父亲年轻的时候总是骑自行车去上班。(现在不是这样了)

[即时训练4]　选词填空：shall, should, will, would, used to

①You shall/should finish your homework first before you go out and play.

②It is strange that such things should happen in our school.

③I used to drink coffee, but now I drink green tea.

6．need和dare

(1)need作情态动词时，表示“需要；必须”；dare表示“敢、敢于”。常用于否定句和疑问句中，后接动词原形，否定形式分别为need not和dare not。

①You needn't answer him the question immediately.

你不必立即回答他这个问题。

②—Need we make the test?

—Yes，we must./No，we needn't.

——我们需要做这个试验吗？

——是的，需要。/不，不需要。

③If he dare go，I'll go with him.

如果他敢去，我就跟着他去。

(2)need和dare常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，后面可接带to的不定式。

You don't need to be told twice.

不必告诉你两遍。

Tom didn't dare to do it.

汤姆不敢做那件事。

[即时训练5]　用适当的情态动词填空

①You needn't see him，but I must.

②Dare you go home alone?

③—Need I pay the whole amount now?

—Yes，you must.

④He asked me whether I dare swim across the river.

Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空

1．How can you miss the news? It has been on TV all day long.

2．You can keep the book for a month.After that you must return it on time.

3．The boy could speak three languages when he was 12 years old.

4．When he lived in the countryside, he would go fishing every day.

5．No student shall go out of the school campus after 10：00 at night without permission according to the school regulations.

6．You needn't get the machine repaired this week.I won't need it until next month.

7．It couldn't be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.

8．You can't smoke here. Go out of the house if you must．

9．I really can't thank you enough.It's been an amazing day!

10．Parents are doing all they can to help their children achieve their ambitions.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.

 chose→choose

2．We must found ways to protect our environment. found→find

3．So real friendship should able to stand all sorts of tests.

 should后加be

4．I love the weekend, because I needn't to get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.               去掉to

5．It's quite warm here; we mustn't turn the heating on yet.

 mustn't→needn't

6．I have been practicing for three weeks now，but I still couldn't get used to it—in fact，I've nearly killed three people.              couldn't→can't

7．I thought although she was clever she must have difficulty learning a foreign language.              must→might

8．It has been announced that students will remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.              will→shall

9．We should back around 4 o'clock in the afternoon.  back前加be

10．He mustn't be in the classroom, for the light has been turned off.  mustn't→can't