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专题05 数词和冠词 备战2020年中考英语语法专题加餐练
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这是一份专题05 数词和冠词 备战2020年中考英语语法专题加餐练，共14页。试卷主要包含了不定冠词的用法，定冠词的用法，不用冠词的情况，数词的词形，基数词及其用法，序数词及其用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点一、不定冠词的用法。
不定冠词用a还是an由后面一个词的首音决定。以元音开头的词前用an，以辅音（包括半元音，不是元音字母）开头的词前用a。
1.a和an均用在单数可数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。如：
A dictinary is a useful bk.；An undergrund train can start and stp quickly.
2.指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。如：This is a bk.； He used t be an engineer.
3．泛指某人或某物，但未具体说明何人、何物，如：A by is waiting fr me.；Give me a pen, please.
4.表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。如：Behind the huse there is a garden.；nce a week.
5.用于某些固定词组中，如：a few, a little, a lt f, a number f, just a minute, in a hurry等。
考点二、定冠词的用法。
1.指彼此都知道的人或事物，如：Open the dr, please.；G and clse the windw.
2.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，如：The girl in red is my sister.；The bk n the desk is mine.
3.指前面提到过的人或事物，如：Here is a picture f a mdern car factry. My father wrks in the factry.
4.表示世界上独一无二的事。如：the sun; the mn; the sky等。
5.用在序数词和形容词最高级前,以及在方位词前。如：The Nile is the lngest river in the wrld.
He wn the first prize.；The sun rises in the east.
6.用在某些形容词前，表示一类人或事物，如：the rich, the sick, the new，the false等。
7.用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某一家人”，“某某夫妇。如：the Lis, the Zhangs等。
8.在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面，如：the Nrth China Plain，the Rcky Muntains，the Yangtse River等。
10.用于演奏的乐器之前。如：play the (vilin\guitar\erfu\pianl\trumpet\.music)
11.用在某些专用名词前，如：the Great Wall，the Peple’s Republic f China等。
12.在一些用语中，如：in the mrning(/afternn/evening), in the day, by the way等。
考点三、不用冠词的情况
1.专有名词人名，地名，节日，月份，年份，星期和不可数名词。
2.球类，棋类，语言，三餐，游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。
3.名词前已有this, that, my, yur, sme, any, n, each, every等代词作定语时，不用冠词。
4.在表示家庭成员名称，称呼语，表示头衔或职务的名词前不加冠词。
5.表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前。
考点四、数词的词形。
（1）在1-12中，1-12为基数词中的数词；序数词1-3为特殊变化，序数词4-12在基数词词尾加-th。[注意 fifth (第五)；ninth (第九)和 twelfth (第十二)的特殊拼写]。
（2）在13-19中，13-19基数词在数词3-9后加-teen构成。其中13 和15 发生拼写变化 ：thirteen 和 fifteen ，相应序数词在基数词后加-th构成。13-19岁的少年用teens (in ne’s teens在某人十多岁时)。
（3）在20-90整十位数，在基数词2-9之后加-ty构成。其中20、30、40、50拼法特殊。在构成相应的序数词时，将词尾y变i，再加-eth。表示二十多岁等用twenty 等的复数twenties (in ne’s twenties 在某人二十多岁时)。
（4）两位数之间的数，由十位数加个位数构成，中间用连字符。构成序数词时，连字符前为基数词，后为序数词。如：二十五 twenty-five; 第九十九 ninety-ninth.
（5）100以上数词,整百位数由1-9加 hundred构成，序数词在词尾加-th；整千位数由1-9加thusand构成，序数词在词尾加-th。在百位和个位之间须加and,如：141 ne hundred and frty-ne；1201 ne thusand tw hundred and ne ，构成序数词只将最后一个数变成序数词。
考点五、基数词及其用法。
1.表示一个具体数字。( 念作 / /或 zer) 此时，hundred, thusand, millin, billin一律不用复数（在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数）；2.电话号码（62083338）；3.事物表示编号顺序 (名词在前，如：Rm 303; Wrld War Tw)；4.货币 (100 dllars)；5.度量 (50 kils)；6.小数 (2.5 meters)；7.表示"几十岁"， 例如：He died still in his frties；8.表示"年代"，用 in +the +数词复。
考点六、序数词及其用法。
1.序数词表示顺序，意思是“第几”。前面要加定冠词，例如：The first truck is carrying a ft baskets。
2.序数词前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”，“又一”的意思，例如：I have t d it a secnd time。
3.表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母加-s。例如：
three furths, ne secnd, tw fifths.
4.表示“日期”如：August 5th；May 1st.
注意:较为容易拼写错误的序数词及其缩写形式：ne---first, tw---secnd, three---third, five---fifth, eight---eighth, nine---ninth, twelve---twelfth。
缩写形式：first→1st secnd→2nd third→3rd furth→4th twenty-secnd→22nd
一、单项填空。
1.It's time fr dinner. Kings are at table.
A. /,the B. the, the C. The,/ D./,/
2.—What d yu usually have fr breakfast?
—I ften have bread and milk.
A./,/ B./,the C. a,/ D. the, the
3.Dn't give up, try fr secnd twice.
A. the B. a C./ D. an
4.Wuld yu g fr walk with me after supper?
A. the,/ B. a,/ C./,the D./,a
5.There isn't water r air n the mn, and man can't live n it.
A. a B. the C. ne D./
6. mre yu read English, better yu'll learn.
A. The, the B./,/ C. A, a D. The, a
7.Mre cllege graduates wuld like t wrk in west part f ur cuntry next year.
A. the, the B./,/ C./,the D. the,/
8.He hit his sister in face.
A. the B. her C.× D. his
9. Jhn lives n flr.
A.twenty B. twentieth C. the twentieth D. the twentyth
10.---Hw many wrkers are there in yur factry?
---There are tw __________.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred f D. hundreds f
11.Abut ________ students in ur class can describe that place in English.
A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths
12.---Can yu write the number eighty-five thusand, six hundred and twenty-six?
---Yes, it is __________.
A. 856620 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 58626
13.When was the PRC funded? It was funded n _________.
A. July 1, 1921 B. Octber 1, 1949
C. August 1, 1927 D. May 1, 1922
14._______ Chinese are lking fr ways t learn English well befre Beijing 2008 Olympics.
A. Thusand B. Thusands C. Thusand f D. Thusands f
15.Mr Zhang teaches at Middle Schl.
A. a N.5 B.N.5 C. the N.5th D.5th N
二、在必要的地方用适当的冠词(a, an, the,/)填空。
1.There's “u” and “s” in wrd “use”.
2.Oh, I saw ld wman sitting n a chair by the lake. Maybe she is.
3. The next mrning, she went t schl withut breakfast.
4.I caught bad cld and had t stay in bed.
5. Is yur pen black ne? I think I saw it smewhere.
6.I’m ging t see my mther. She is ill in hspital.
7.We have three meals day. We have breakfast at 6:30 in mrning.
8.Tina, culd yu please play pian fr me while I’m singing？
9.What is mst useful inventin in the 20th century?
10. Can yu see ne-eyed cw in field?
三、用适当的数词形式填空。
1.We will have a _____ (tw-mnth/tw-mnths) hliday after the exam.
2._ ___(Thusand f/Thusands f) trees are cut dwn in the frests every year.
3. I'm very hungry, I have eaten tw cakes, wuld yu please give me (a third/the third) ne?
4. (Three furth/ Three furths)f the land in the wrld is cvered by water.
5.He has wrked n the farm fr (tw and half/ tw and a half)years.
6.Xia Ma and Da Ma are in (Team Fur/Fur team).
7.We all think that the _____ (twenty-first/twentieth-first) century will bring us mre hpes.
8.Bth f the tw rulers are brken. I want t buy a _____(three/third) ne.
9.I heard the sprts meeting has been put ff until ____(the 3rd and 4th/ fur and five), hasn’t it?
10. ____ (Tw-third/ Tw-thirds)is f the earth is made up f ceans.
四、词语运用
根据需要在短文空格中填入适当的冠词（a/ an/ the/x）
On fine mrning in May, my classmates and I went t visit university. It is ne f biggest universities in ur city. We saw students f university were studying. We talked with ld prfessr .He tld us a lt abut his university. At half past ten we said gdbye t prfessr f university and came back t schl. We had a gd time that day because we learned a lt frm visit.
五、完形填空
D yu have a plan fr yur future? Our cuntry has its plan. It sells what China hpes t d in next __1__ years.
The plan prmises higher pay, better educatin and less pllutin by __2__. If the prmises all cme true, Chinese peple’s life will change__3__ lt.
Accrding t the plan, __4__peple in the cuntry will benefit a lt. Fr example, __5__ gvernment will ffer safe drinking water t __6__ cuntryside peple in 2010. __7__ f brad rads will be built t cnnect all twns and villages. S millins f peple living in __8__ villages will sn drink running water instead f dirty well water.
As the plan describe, China will make steps frward in __9__science. China spacemen will land n the earth. China might build its wn big planes. If yu g t university by air in 2010, yu will prbably find that __10__ plane is nt frm Being (波音) r Air Bus. It’s made in China.
( ) 1. A. fifth B. five C. fives D. fifteenths
( ) 2. A. the 2010 B. 2010th C. 2010 D. the 2010th
( ) 3. A. a B.an C. the D. x
( ) 4. A. Fur fifth B. Fur fifths C. Furs fifth D. Furs fifths
( ) 5. A. the B. x C. a D. an
( )6. A.100s millins B.100s millin C. 100 millins D. 100 millin
( )7. A.1000s B.1000th C. Thusands D. Thusand
( )8. A.Nrth Ple B.mn C. the D. sun
( )9. A.the B.an C. a D. x
( )10.A.x B.a C.an D.the
【参考答案】
一、CABBD ADACB ABCDB
二、1.a; an; the; 2.an 3./;/ 4.a; / 5.a 6./ 7.a;/;the 8.the 9.the; 10.a; the
三、1. tw-mnth； 2. Thusands f； 3. a third； 4. Three furths； 5. tw and a half； 6. Team Fur； 7. twenty-first； 8. third； 9. the 3rd and 4th； 10. Tw-thirds
四、1.a 2.a 3.the 4. the 5. the 6.an 7. the 8. the 9.x 10. the
五、1—5BCABA 6—10DCCDC
考点一、不定冠词的用法。
不定冠词用a还是an由后面一个词的首音决定。以元音开头的词前用an，以辅音（包括半元音，不是元音字母）开头的词前用a。
1.a和an均用在单数可数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。如：
A dictinary is a useful bk.；An undergrund train can start and stp quickly.
2.指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。如：This is a bk.； He used t be an engineer.
3．泛指某人或某物，但未具体说明何人、何物，如：A by is waiting fr me.；Give me a pen, please.
4.表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。如：Behind the huse there is a garden.；nce a week.
5.用于某些固定词组中，如：a few, a little, a lt f, a number f, just a minute, in a hurry等。
考点二、定冠词的用法。
1.指彼此都知道的人或事物，如：Open the dr, please.；G and clse the windw.
2.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，如：The girl in red is my sister.；The bk n the desk is mine.
3.指前面提到过的人或事物，如：Here is a picture f a mdern car factry. My father wrks in the factry.
4.表示世界上独一无二的事。如：the sun; the mn; the sky等。
5.用在序数词和形容词最高级前,以及在方位词前。如：The Nile is the lngest river in the wrld.
He wn the first prize.；The sun rises in the east.
6.用在某些形容词前，表示一类人或事物，如：the rich, the sick, the new，the false等。
7.用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某一家人”，“某某夫妇。如：the Lis, the Zhangs等。
8.在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面，如：the Nrth China Plain，the Rcky Muntains，the Yangtse River等。
10.用于演奏的乐器之前。如：play the (vilin\guitar\erfu\pianl\trumpet\.music)
11.用在某些专用名词前，如：the Great Wall，the Peple’s Republic f China等。
12.在一些用语中，如：in the mrning(/afternn/evening), in the day, by the way等。
考点三、不用冠词的情况
1.专有名词人名，地名，节日，月份，年份，星期和不可数名词。
2.球类，棋类，语言，三餐，游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。
3.名词前已有this, that, my, yur, sme, any, n, each, every等代词作定语时，不用冠词。
4.在表示家庭成员名称，称呼语，表示头衔或职务的名词前不加冠词。
5.表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前。
考点四、数词的词形。
（1）在1-12中，1-12为基数词中的数词；序数词1-3为特殊变化，序数词4-12在基数词词尾加-th。[注意 fifth (第五)；ninth (第九)和 twelfth (第十二)的特殊拼写]。
（2）在13-19中，13-19基数词在数词3-9后加-teen构成。其中13 和15 发生拼写变化 ：thirteen 和 fifteen ，相应序数词在基数词后加-th构成。13-19岁的少年用teens (in ne’s teens在某人十多岁时)。
（3）在20-90整十位数，在基数词2-9之后加-ty构成。其中20、30、40、50拼法特殊。在构成相应的序数词时，将词尾y变i，再加-eth。表示二十多岁等用twenty 等的复数twenties (in ne’s twenties 在某人二十多岁时)。
（4）两位数之间的数，由十位数加个位数构成，中间用连字符。构成序数词时，连字符前为基数词，后为序数词。如：二十五 twenty-five; 第九十九 ninety-ninth.
（5）100以上数词,整百位数由1-9加 hundred构成，序数词在词尾加-th；整千位数由1-9加thusand构成，序数词在词尾加-th。在百位和个位之间须加and,如：141 ne hundred and frty-ne；1201 ne thusand tw hundred and ne ，构成序数词只将最后一个数变成序数词。
考点五、基数词及其用法。
1.表示一个具体数字。( 念作 / /或 zer) 此时，hundred, thusand, millin, billin一律不用复数（在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数）；2.电话号码（62083338）；3.事物表示编号顺序 (名词在前，如：Rm 303; Wrld War Tw)；4.货币 (100 dllars)；5.度量 (50 kils)；6.小数 (2.5 meters)；7.表示"几十岁"， 例如：He died still in his frties；8.表示"年代"，用 in +the +数词复。
考点六、序数词及其用法。
1.序数词表示顺序，意思是“第几”。前面要加定冠词，例如：The first truck is carrying a ft baskets。
2.序数词前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”，“又一”的意思，例如：I have t d it a secnd time。
3.表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母加-s。例如：
three furths, ne secnd, tw fifths.
4.表示“日期”如：August 5th；May 1st.
注意:较为容易拼写错误的序数词及其缩写形式：ne---first, tw---secnd, three---third, five---fifth, eight---eighth, nine---ninth, twelve---twelfth。
缩写形式：first→1st secnd→2nd third→3rd furth→4th twenty-secnd→22nd
一、单项填空。
1.It's time fr dinner. Kings are at table.
A. /,the B. the, the C. The,/ D./,/
2.—What d yu usually have fr breakfast?
—I ften have bread and milk.
A./,/ B./,the C. a,/ D. the, the
3.Dn't give up, try fr secnd twice.
A. the B. a C./ D. an
4.Wuld yu g fr walk with me after supper?
A. the,/ B. a,/ C./,the D./,a
5.There isn't water r air n the mn, and man can't live n it.
A. a B. the C. ne D./
6. mre yu read English, better yu'll learn.
A. The, the B./,/ C. A, a D. The, a
7.Mre cllege graduates wuld like t wrk in west part f ur cuntry next year.
A. the, the B./,/ C./,the D. the,/
8.He hit his sister in face.
A. the B. her C.× D. his
9. Jhn lives n flr.
A.twenty B. twentieth C. the twentieth D. the twentyth
10.---Hw many wrkers are there in yur factry?
---There are tw __________.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred f D. hundreds f
11.Abut ________ students in ur class can describe that place in English.
A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths
12.---Can yu write the number eighty-five thusand, six hundred and twenty-six?
---Yes, it is __________.
A. 856620 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 58626
13.When was the PRC funded? It was funded n _________.
A. July 1, 1921 B. Octber 1, 1949
C. August 1, 1927 D. May 1, 1922
14._______ Chinese are lking fr ways t learn English well befre Beijing 2008 Olympics.
A. Thusand B. Thusands C. Thusand f D. Thusands f
15.Mr Zhang teaches at Middle Schl.
A. a N.5 B.N.5 C. the N.5th D.5th N
二、在必要的地方用适当的冠词(a, an, the,/)填空。
1.There's “u” and “s” in wrd “use”.
2.Oh, I saw ld wman sitting n a chair by the lake. Maybe she is.
3. The next mrning, she went t schl withut breakfast.
4.I caught bad cld and had t stay in bed.
5. Is yur pen black ne? I think I saw it smewhere.
6.I’m ging t see my mther. She is ill in hspital.
7.We have three meals day. We have breakfast at 6:30 in mrning.
8.Tina, culd yu please play pian fr me while I’m singing？
9.What is mst useful inventin in the 20th century?
10. Can yu see ne-eyed cw in field?
三、用适当的数词形式填空。
1.We will have a _____ (tw-mnth/tw-mnths) hliday after the exam.
2._ ___(Thusand f/Thusands f) trees are cut dwn in the frests every year.
3. I'm very hungry, I have eaten tw cakes, wuld yu please give me (a third/the third) ne?
4. (Three furth/ Three furths)f the land in the wrld is cvered by water.
5.He has wrked n the farm fr (tw and half/ tw and a half)years.
6.Xia Ma and Da Ma are in (Team Fur/Fur team).
7.We all think that the _____ (twenty-first/twentieth-first) century will bring us mre hpes.
8.Bth f the tw rulers are brken. I want t buy a _____(three/third) ne.
9.I heard the sprts meeting has been put ff until ____(the 3rd and 4th/ fur and five), hasn’t it?
10. ____ (Tw-third/ Tw-thirds)is f the earth is made up f ceans.
四、词语运用
根据需要在短文空格中填入适当的冠词（a/ an/ the/x）
On fine mrning in May, my classmates and I went t visit university. It is ne f biggest universities in ur city. We saw students f university were studying. We talked with ld prfessr .He tld us a lt abut his university. At half past ten we said gdbye t prfessr f university and came back t schl. We had a gd time that day because we learned a lt frm visit.
五、完形填空
D yu have a plan fr yur future? Our cuntry has its plan. It sells what China hpes t d in next __1__ years.
The plan prmises higher pay, better educatin and less pllutin by __2__. If the prmises all cme true, Chinese peple’s life will change__3__ lt.
Accrding t the plan, __4__peple in the cuntry will benefit a lt. Fr example, __5__ gvernment will ffer safe drinking water t __6__ cuntryside peple in 2010. __7__ f brad rads will be built t cnnect all twns and villages. S millins f peple living in __8__ villages will sn drink running water instead f dirty well water.
As the plan describe, China will make steps frward in __9__science. China spacemen will land n the earth. China might build its wn big planes. If yu g t university by air in 2010, yu will prbably find that __10__ plane is nt frm Being (波音) r Air Bus. It’s made in China.
( ) 1. A. fifth B. five C. fives D. fifteenths
( ) 2. A. the 2010 B. 2010th C. 2010 D. the 2010th
( ) 3. A. a B.an C. the D. x
( ) 4. A. Fur fifth B. Fur fifths C. Furs fifth D. Furs fifths
( ) 5. A. the B. x C. a D. an
( )6. A.100s millins B.100s millin C. 100 millins D. 100 millin
( )7. A.1000s B.1000th C. Thusands D. Thusand
( )8. A.Nrth Ple B.mn C. the D. sun
( )9. A.the B.an C. a D. x
( )10.A.x B.a C.an D.the
【参考答案】
一、CABBD ADACB ABCDB
二、1.a; an; the; 2.an 3./;/ 4.a; / 5.a 6./ 7.a;/;the 8.the 9.the; 10.a; the
三、1. tw-mnth； 2. Thusands f； 3. a third； 4. Three furths； 5. tw and a half； 6. Team Fur； 7. twenty-first； 8. third； 9. the 3rd and 4th； 10. Tw-thirds
四、1.a 2.a 3.the 4. the 5. the 6.an 7. the 8. the 9.x 10. the
五、1—5BCABA 6—10DCCDC
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