2020高考英语二轮复习习题册第二章代词介词
展开专题二 | 代词、介词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2019·北京高考)I know I will whisper to ________ (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．
答案：myself 本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语指同一人时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。句意：我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做自己”。
2．Jenny, the new comer, has earned not only the trust of her classmates but also ________ of teachers.
答案：that 此处用代词that指代the trust。that指代同名异物，表示特指。句意：Jenny是新来的，她不仅赢得了同学的信任也赢得了老师的信任。
3．In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ________， knives and forks.
答案：others some ... and/while others ...表示“一些……，另一
些……”。在本句中，others意为“其他的国家”。句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，而在另外一些国家，人们用刀叉吃饭。
4．—Which Tshirt do you prefer? Blue or green?
—________ will be OK. I don't care.
答案：Either 根据题干中“Blue or green？”可知，本题强调从两者中进行选择；根据“I don't care.”可知，此处强调两者中的任何一个都可以。either意为“(两者中的)任何一个”。
5．(2019·浙江高考)A study shows the students who are engaged in afterschool activities are happier than ________ (that) who are not.
答案：those 空格处代词与the students是对应关系，故用those，也可以用the ones替代。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
6．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ________ a try.
答案：it 根据句意可知，此处表示“我们都应该尝试着跑跑步”，故填代词it，指代上文的running，此处也可直接填名词running。
7．(2018·浙江高考)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ________ can be to eat out.
答案：it 此处应用it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to eat out为真正的主语。
8．(2019·山东济南模拟)Nowadays reference books have become a problem of great concern for ________ the teachers and the students.
答案：both 固定搭配both ... and ...意为“两者都”，符合语境，故用both。
9．You can ask anyone for help. ________ here is willing to lend you a hand.
答案：Everyone/Everybody 根据上下文可知，此处表示“这里的每个人”，故答案为everyone或everybody。由于设空处后为is，故all (所有人)不符合语境。句意：你可以找任何人帮忙。这儿的每一个人都愿意帮助你。
10．The book is of great value, but ________ can be enjoyed unless you digest it.
答案：nothing nothing为不定代词，意为“没有什么，没有一件东西”，符合句意。句意：这本书很有价值，但是如果你不消化理解，就没有办法欣赏它。
11．She'd lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.
答案：neither 由表示转折的连词but及后面的moved可知， 该空应该表示否定意义，题干中提到两个地名(London, Manchester)，故答案为neither “两者都不”。句意：她在伦敦和曼彻斯特居住过，但是她不喜欢这两座城市，然后搬到剑桥了。
12．In China, ________ is always possible to speak Chinese in class and the learning is slower.
答案：it 此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。
13．(2019·河南洛阳统考)“As soon as he opens ________ (he) mouth and sings in Chinese, the Chinese are very surprised and they feel proud of him，” said his music teacher.
答案：his 根据语境mouth和主语he可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth，在句中作定语。
14．I know what people are saying about me. Nevertheless, ________ is true. I hate those people.
答案：none none为不定代词，表示否定，用于三者或三者以上的人或物。句意：我知道人们都在说我什么。不过，没有一个说的是真的。我讨厌这些人。
15．Susan emailed her son to know about whether ________ was going along well with him.
答案：everything everything为不定代词，表示“所有的事情，一切”。句意：苏珊给儿子发电子邮件，想了解他是否一切顺利。
16．Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ________.
答案：another another表示“(三者及三者以上的)另一个”。句意：回收是保护环境的一种方法；而重复使用是另一种。
17．Even if they are on sale, these iPads are equal to the ________ in price, if not more expensive, at other stores.
答案：ones 此处the ones代替iPads，与上文的these iPads同类，但不同物。句意：虽然这些iPads在促销，但即便不比其他商店里的贵，至少也是同等价格。
18．Things have changed quickly over the past decade and life in the country is much better than ________ used to be.
答案：it than后面的句子缺少主语，主语应该是前一句中的life，因此用it指代同类同物。句意：在过去的十年，形势迅速变化，这个国家的生活比过去好多了。
19．I can't find my umbrella. I just put it here a moment ago. ________ must have taken it away by mistake.
答案：Somebody somebody “某人；有人”，为不定代词，用于肯定句中，表示不确定的身份。句意：我找不到我的雨伞了。刚才我就把它放在这里了。我想一定有人拿错了。
20．He went away without saying goodbye to ________ of us.
答案：any any用于否定句中，常与never, without, seldom等连用。句意：他没有跟我们任何人告别就离开了。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I had done myself homework, but I was shy.
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答案：myself→my 此处表示“我”已经完成了“我”的家庭作业。my是形容词性物主代词，作homework的定语，myself不作定语。
2．My soccer coach retired last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.
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答案：anything→something something一般用在肯定句中，表示“一些事”；anything一般用在疑问句和否定句中。此处用于肯定句，且表示“一些事”。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals.
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答案：another→other another “又一，再一”修饰可数名词单数，可数名词复数前用other，意为“其他的”。
4．That wasn't until two days later that Dad allowed me to drive on the motorway.
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答案：That→It “It is/was not until ... that ...”为“not ... until ...”句型的强调句形式。
5．Don't worry about the problems in the test paper. Every of them is a piece of cake for you.
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答案：Every→Each/Any 在表示“每一个”时，用each；表示“任何一个”时，用any。every强调“每一个”，侧重指整体，且不与of连用。
6．He often tells us the news of his country and those of his country nearby.
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答案：those→that that用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数或不可数名词，这里指的是news，用that是为了避免重复。those为复数形式，但news为不可数名词，因此改those为that。
7．(2019·贵州省遵义航天高级中学第一次模拟)Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school.
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答案：all→both或去掉all 因为主语是两个人，所以用both表示“两者都”，而all则表示“三者或三者以上的全部”。此处将all去掉也可以。
8．No matter how busy he is, Tom makes that a rule to see his parents every week.
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答案：that→it it为形式宾语，后面的不定式短语to see his parents every week为真正的宾语。
9．Your dress is so nice that I just want to buy it tomorrow.
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答案：it→one one代指前面的dress，意为“连衣裙”时是可数名词。it指同一件衣服，不符合常理。
10．(2019·河北邯郸联考)The boy is old enough to dress him.
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答案：him→himself 如果主语和宾语指同一个人时，宾语要用反身代词。
11．Tom and I are very busy. So none of us can help you with your project.
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答案：none→neither none适用三者或三者以上的范围。根据前句中的Tom and I可知，这里只有两个人，因此用neither，表示“两者都不”。
12．This Tshirt is too big for me. Will you please show me the other?
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答案：the other→another the other指两者中的另一个。根据语境可知，出售的并不仅仅只有两件T恤，因此改为another，指“另外一件”号码小一点儿的T恤。
13．I realized this was foolish to judge them that way.
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答案：this→it 此处需用it作形式主语，本句中的to judge them that way为真正的主语。
14．Besides, we get to know students from another schools and learn about their campus life.
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答案：another→other another表示不定范围的另外一个，修饰可数名词单数，这里应用other修饰名词复数schools，表示“其他的”。
15．(2019·昆明市高三摸底调研测试)I have a 5yearold sister. Sometimes she fights against myself for candies.
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答案：myself→me 此处动作的发出者为she，被施加动作的对象为I，主语与宾语并非指同一个人，所以不能用反身代词。fight against sb. “和某人打架”，故用代词的宾格形式。
16．Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.
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答案：them→it 由于此处指公园里有许多树，应用it指代前面的park。
17．I like my sister Cecile best because we look like each other and all of us have very dark hair and dark eyes.
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答案：all→both 由I, my sister可知此处应用both，意为“两者都”。all意为“三者或三者以上都”。
18．We've been spending a lot of time singing in karaoke bars. It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.
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答案：many→much 此处指的是花费很多钱，代指不可数名词，故用much。many用来指代可数名词复数。
19．There is said that the performance will last two weeks.
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答案：There→It It is said that ... “据说……”，it作形式主语。
20．Tony was very confident of his ability and strongly believed that he could make that in the next round of competition.
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答案：that→it make it为习惯用语，意为“获得成功，做到，办到”等。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2017·天津高考)When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ________trees that are over 1,000 years old.
答案：among among表示位于多个人或物体之间的位置概念。句意：当你驾车穿过加利福尼亚的红杉林时，你会置身于那些树龄超过1,000年的树木之间。
2．(2017·北京高考)Many people who live along the coast make a living ________ fishing industry.
答案：in “在……行业”用介词in。句意：很多住在海边的人们靠渔业为生。
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods ________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s.
答案：of/for 固定搭配：method of/for sth. “……的方法”。
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ________ dogs, seven to be exact.
答案：of 固定搭配：a pack of “一群……”。
5．(2019·浙江高考)The answer ________ this question is not clear.
答案：to the answer to the question表示“问题的答案”，故用介词to。
6．(2019·广东省七校联合体高三第一次联考)For most Chinese brides, red shoes should also be worn ________ their big day.
答案：on “on＋具体的日子”表示在具体的某一天。
7．(2018·浙江高考)If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home ________ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.
答案：for for “为了”，表示目的。
8．A serious study of physics is impossible ________ some knowledge of mathematics.
答案：without 空格中应填介词without，意为“没有”。句意：不具备一些数学知识就不可能认真研究物理。
9．(2018·天津高考)Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ________ all.
答案：after 根据句意可知填after。after all “毕竟，终究”。句意：由于得写一份报告，鲍勃以为自己参加不了那场聚会了，但是他终究还是去参加了。
10．(2019·湖北武汉调研)Flowing from the Tibetan Plateau to the East China Sea, the Yangtze is a natural division ________ north and south.
答案：between 由句意及句中的and可知，此处表示两者(南和北)之间，用介词between。
11．He was expected to get recovered ________ half a month.
答案：within within为介词，意为“在……之内”，表示某一时间或空间的范围。句意：人们期望他在半个月之内康复。
12．Do you know the boy sitting ________ the window? He is wearing the Nike brand.
答案：beside/by beside/by为介词，意为“在……的旁边”，表示位置。句意：你认识坐在窗旁的男生吗？他穿着耐克牌的衣服。
13．(2018·江苏高考)China's soft power grows in line ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
答案：with in line with为固定短语，意为“与……一致”。句意：中国软实力的增长是与全球对中国不断增长的欣赏和理解紧密相连的。
14．The young man is gaining working experience very quickly ________ the direction of Mr Leister.
答案：under under the direction of ... “在……的指导下”。句意：在莱斯特先生的指导下，那位年轻人正在迅速地积累工作经验。
15．There are many maps in the atlas, ________ a European map.
答案：including including为介词，意为“包括”。句意：地图集中有很多地图，其中包括一幅欧洲地图。
16．(2019·河北唐山月考)Sichuan is home ________ pandas, also the starting point of the Southern Silk Road.
答案：to be home to ...为固定短语，意为“是……的故乡/产地”。
17．In front ________ the house stands a tall tree, which can date back to 100 years ago.
答案：of in front of为介词短语，意为“在……的前面”，表示地点和位置信息。句意：房前有一棵高大的树，有100年的历史了。
18．(2019·浙江台州模拟)It means that we cannot use some modern household items, ________ washing machines and they use too much water.
答案：like/including 根据“some modern household items”可知，此处表示举例，故可填like “例如”，或填including，表示“包括”。
19．A woman fell ________ a river when she took a selfie while standing too close ________ it.
答案：into; to fall into “掉进”，into为动态介词，表示进入某一位置或空间的情况。close to “离……很近”，to表示方向。句意：一位女士在离河太近的地方自拍时掉进了河里。
20．Janet is very curious ________ Chinese culture and the Chinese language.
答案：about be curious about ... 意为“对……感到好奇”。句意：Janet对中国文化和汉语感到很好奇。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal.
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答案：high前加in/at 分析句子，这里是介词短语in/at high school作状语。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.
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答案：去掉for 由every, each等表示频率的副词构成的短语在句中作时间状语，其前不用介词。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.
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答案：for→with play the games with sb.为习惯性用法，意为“和某人一起玩游戏”。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.
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答案：去掉第二个of realize是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语从句“how fast time flies”。
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.
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答案：on→of in the middle of “在……中间”，是固定搭配。
6．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They have also bought for some gardening tools.
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答案：去掉for buy为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语。buy sth. (for sb.)或buy sb.sth. 表示“为某人买某物”。
7．(2019·河南郑州质量预测)Last weekend we went for camping in the mountains with our teacher, Anna.
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答案：去掉for go camping表示“野营”，故介词for多余。
8．(2019·江西南昌调研)Under his help, we have learned immediately how to analyze and settle problems.
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答案：Under→With with one's help为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”，故将Under改为With。
9．They say they have learned what is not taught in textbooks and have got a great deal practice.
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答案：deal后加of a great deal of为固定短语，意为“许多”，后加不可数名词，而a great deal为副词短语，一般用来修饰动词。句意：他们说他们学到了在教材中没有的内容并得到了很多实践。
10．(2018·山东临沂一模)If you find a position at there, I'm sure you'll have a rapid improvement in both your character and ability.
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答案：去掉at there为副词，可单独作状语，故将at去掉。句意：如果你在那里找到一个职位，我确信你会在品质和能力上都有迅速的提升。
11．He always did well at school spite of having to do parttime jobs every now and then.
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答案：spite前加in in spite of “尽管”。
12．Firstly, you can share with efficient learning experience to promote your English study.
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答案：去掉with share sth. with sb. “与某人分享某物”。本句中share后为分享的内容，故将with去掉。句意：首先，你们可以分享高效的学习经验来促进你们的英语学习。
13．Everyone went for the picnic except for Lily. She was ill in bed.
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答案：去掉第二个for except意为“除……外”，强调所排除的“不包括在内”，一般表示同类之间的关系。
14．(2019·辽宁省五校协作高三联合模拟)There will be an invention competition in our school in the 20th of October.
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答案：第二个in→on 在具体的某一天应用介词on。
15．(2019·广东省七校联合体高三第一次联考)More interestingly, I tried operating on some aircraft by myself. During the visit, I took lots of pictures as well.
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答案：去掉on operate为及物动词，在此处意为“操作”，后面直接跟宾语，故去掉介词on。
16．It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life with his great wealth.
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答案：with→despite despite为介词，意为“尽管，虽然”。根据a simple life及great wealth可知，此处表转折，故用介词despite。
17．While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything to return.
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答案：to→in in return “作为回报”。根据“unselfishly shared ... with the villagers”可知，他不求回报。
18．The Scottish girl in blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
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答案：第一个in→with with “带有，具有，长着”，with blue eyes “有一双蓝眼睛”。
19．Frank, why does your factory have to work like the clock this month?
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答案：like→around work around the clock为习惯用语，意为“夜以继日地工作”。
20．It is off imagination that a disabled man like him could climb one of the highest mountains in the world.
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答案：off→beyond beyond imagination “超出想象，出人意料”。
