2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习北师大版讲义：必修2Unit4Cyberspace

Unit 4 Cyberspace






一、课前基础自查

(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．cyberspace n．　　　 网络空间
2．virtual adj. 虚拟的
3．pessimistic adj. 悲观的，厌世的
4．hacker n. 电脑黑客
5．destruction n. 破坏，毁灭
6．military adj. 军事的，军用的
7．locate vt. 坐落于；位于
8．suburb n. 市郊，郊区
9．surfing n. 冲浪
10．location n. 位置，场所
11．site n. (事物或事件发生)场所，位置
12．spider n. 蜘蛛
13．web n. 蜘蛛网；网状物
14．fashion n. 时髦，时尚
15．global adj. 全球的，全世界的
16．artificial adj. 人造的
17．network n. 网络
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．likely adj.　　　　　　有可能的
adv. (与most, very连用)可能
2．focus vi. 集中注意
3．offer_n．& vt. 提供，提议；出价；优惠
4．climate n. 气候
5．affect vt. 影响
6．attack n．& vt. 攻击，进攻
7．project n. 课题；方案；工程
8．fancy vt. (非正式)想要做；幻想
9．reject vt. 拒绝，不接受
10．suggestion_n. 建议，提议；意见；暗示
11．destination n. 目的地
12．view n. 景色，风景
13．crash vt. (汽车、飞机等)撞毁；坠毁
14．average adj. 平均的
n. 平均数
15．historical adj. 历史的，有关历史的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．reality n．真实，现实→realize vt.实现；意识到→real adj.真实的，真的
2．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观；乐观主义
3．harm vt. & n．伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
4．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
5．arrangement n．安排→arrange vt.安排
6．tourism n．观光，游览→tourist n．旅行者，观光者→tour n．旅游，旅行
7．settle vi.定居 vt.解决，使定居→settlement n．解决；(新)定居地
8．attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的→attraction n．吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人→attract vt.吸引
9．entertainment n．娱乐；款待→entertain v．娱乐；招待→entertaining adj.使愉快的；有趣的
[语境活用]
1．We have arranged a special dinner for the guests, and we hope the arrangement will be accepted.(arrange)
2．The two parties wanted to settle the issue, but finally they failed to reach a settlement,_because they disagreed too much with each other.(settle)
3．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment,_so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class.(entertain)
4．The scientist has made great contributions to science,_which has led to much scientific progress.(science)
5．Blackpool is the top tourist attraction in England. A number of visitors from all over the world are attracted by the attractive scenery there.(attract)
6．While I agree that this kind of food is harmless,_it will be harmful to teenagers if they eat it often.(harm)

(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.make_up　　　　　　　 　　编造；构成
2．come_true 实现
3．as_if 好像，仿佛
4．hang_on (电话用语)别挂断；别放弃
5．get_in_touch 取得联系
6．be_up_to 做，从事于；取决于；胜任
7．in_the_flesh 本人，亲身
8．as_well_as 也，又
9．be_known_as 被认为是
10．take_action 采取行动
11．what's_more 而且
12．take_over 接收，接管
13．consist_of 由……组成
14．cut_off 切掉，切断
15．have_problems_with 在……方面有困难
1.The teacher asked her students to make_up sentences using the given words.
2．If you have_problems_with your homework, don't hesitate to ask me for help.
3．It is_up_to you to decide when we will start.
4．He had his finger cut_off in an accident at work, which left him a painful memory.
5．It is high time that we took/should_take_action to prevent the river from being polluted.
6．Now hang_on a minute — I can't really believe what you just said.
7．The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis, as_well_as provides them with financial support.
8．Guo Jingjing is_known_as a great Chinese diving athlete, who has retired for a few years.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1....“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”
……“很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。”
“It is＋adj.＋that ...”句型，其中it作形式主语。
(2017·北京高考书面表达)显而易见长江之旅将是更好的选择。
It_is_obvious_that the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.
2.... the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.
……计算机通过模拟声音和图像使你感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间。
as if意为“好像，似乎”，引导表语从句。
海水看起来不干净，不能在此游泳。
It looks as_if_the_sea_water_isn't_cleanenough to swim here.
3.Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?
你周六、周日有什么安排吗？
have sth. done“让某物被做”，过去分词作宾补。
(2017·江苏高考书面表达)到了我们该重新考虑票房的时候了。
It's time for us to have_the_box­office_income_reconsidered.
4.But I still find it hard to imagine.
但我还是觉得令人难以想象。
“动词＋it＋形容词＋to do sth.”句型。
(2018·北京高考书面表达)我觉得在你来之前学点基础汉语是有用的。
I find_it_useful_to_learn some basic Chinese before you come.

二、课堂重点深化



1．likely adj.有可能的adv.(与most, very连用)可能
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Students will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to_be_formed (form)．
②It is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
　[系统归纳]
be likely to do sth.　　　　　　 很可能做某事
It is likely that ... 很可能……
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(possible/likely/probable)
③He is likely to take part in the sports meeting in the school.
④Is it possible for him to see me tonight?
⑤It's probable/likely/possible that she'll get the job.
佳句时时写
⑥(2018·江苏高考书面表达)当今，大多数商品或服务通过某些渠道被排名。很可能这些排名在消费者的购买决定中起着重要作用。
Nowadays,_most_commodities_or_services_are_rated_through_certain_channels.It_is_likely_that_these_ratings_play_an_important_role_in_customers'_purchase_decision.
[辨析比较]　
likely
“有可能的”，常用来指从表面现象上看可能性很大，其主语可以是人，也可以是物，常构成句型sb./sth.＋be＋likely to do sth.和It is likely that ...
probable
“很有可能的”，常用来指有根据、合乎情理、值得相信的事，其可能性最大，相当于most likely，其主语是it或物，常构成句型It is/seems probable that ...
possible
“有可能的”，强调客观上的可能性，常暗示可能性很小，其主语只能是it，常构成句型It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.或It is possible that ...
2.focus vi.集中注意；(使)聚焦 n．焦点，焦距，聚焦；(活动、兴趣等的)中心，集中点
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①You'd better focus your attention on/upon your studies.
②The key question is in_focus; why not reach a decision?
③Instead of focusing on_your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.
完成句子
④The children's faces are_badly_out_of_focus_in the photograph.
照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。
⑤I am so tired that I can't focus_on anything today.
我今天太累了，集中不了精力做任何事情。
　[系统归纳]
(1)focus on/upon sth./sb.　　 集中注意力于某物/人
focus one's attention/eyes on 注意力集中于
(2)in focus 焦距对准；清晰
out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥I try to have a positive minds, and keep my mind focused in what I have to do.in→on/upon
佳句时时写
⑦(2014·四川高考书面表达)在过去的几个月里，我做了很好的准备。我每天专心于学习，感到相当自信。
In_the_past_few_months,_I've_made_good_preparations.Every_day_I_focused_my_attention_on_my_studies_and_felt_pretty_confident.
3．offer n．& vt.提供，提议；出价；优惠
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The driver offered to_drive (drive) us to the station.
②In a word, we should offer our help and love to the people in need.
③When he graduated from college, he made an offer to_be_sent (send) to a remote village school.
　[系统归纳]
(1)make an offer of help/support/food
主动提供帮助/支持/食物
make an offer to do sth. 主动要做某事
(2)offer sb.sth. ＝ offer sth. to sb.　 主动把某物给某人
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(offer/provide)
④In England, the government provides each house with milk in bottles.That's to say, in England, the government offers milk in bottles to each house.
佳句时时写
⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)你最好带些小礼物，例如你家乡的特产。当你到的时候，你不妨主动先把礼物给你的朋友。
You'd_better_bring_some_little_gifts,_such_as_a_special_food_or_drink_from_your_country.When_you_arrive,_you_may_as_well_offer_your_gifts_to_your_friend_first.
[名师指津]　supply和provide也有“提供，供应”之意，其常用搭配是：
①supply sb.with sth.＝ supply sth.to sb.
②provide sb.with sth.＝ provide sth.for sb.
4．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Indeed, the phone can bring great convenience to our life.However, it can be harmful (harm) to our friendship.
②Fiercely debating with strong emotion hurts feelings and does harm to teamwork.
完成句子
③If you want to solve the problem in this way, there_is_no_harm_in_calling_him.
如果你想以这种方式来解决问题，你不妨给他打个电话。
④These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing/doing_serious_harm_to life and the environment.
最近，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。
　[系统归纳]
(1)do/cause harm to ...　　　　 对……造成伤害
do sb.harm＝do harm to sb. 伤害某人；对某人有害
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处
(2)harmful adj. 有害的，导致损害的
be harmful to ... 对……有害
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Fruit juices can do harmful to children's teeth.do→be或harmful→harm
佳句时时写
⑥(2014·湖南高考书面表达)众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着重要作用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。
As_is_known_to_us_all,_shoes_play_an_important_role_in_our_life,_for_they_can_protect_our_feet_from_being_harmed.

5．suggestion n．建议，提议；意见；暗示
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Someone suggested sending (send) his brother to the US for treatment.
②Mother suggested that she (should)_adapt (adapt) herself to her new conditions in college as soon as possible.
③Mr Li gave me a suggestion (suggest) that I (should) pay more attention to my handwriting.
完成句子
④Her friends suggested that she_(should)_have a medical examination.
她的朋友建议她做个体检。
　[系统归纳]
(1)make/offer/give a suggestion　　 建议，提议
ask for a suggestion 征求建议
(2)suggest vt. 建议，提议；推荐；
表明，暗示
suggest (sb.'s) doing sth. 建议(某人)做某事
suggest (that) ... (should) do 建议……(从句用虚拟语气)
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
⑤All the evidence suggests that he stole the money.暗示，表明
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你与中国人练习。
To_master_Mandarin,_I_strongly_suggest_you_(should)_practice_with_Chinese_people.
6．settle vi.定居，安家；停留 vt.安排，解决，处理；决定；安放
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中settle的含义
①Qingdao is a beautiful city and I wish to settle there. 定居
②I don't think the snow will settle. 停留
③There's only one way to settle the argument. 解决
单句语法填空
④(2017·天津高考)Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle down,_get married, and have kids.
⑤The chief and his tribe helped the settlers (settle) build shelters for the winter.
⑥An experienced teacher will help you settle into school life.
⑦We stand for a peaceful settlement_(settle) of the international dispute.
完成句子
⑧Have you settled_on_a_name for the baby yet?
你给孩子起好名字了吗？
⑨I must settle_down_to_finishing_writing the book. It is very urgent.
我真的得安下心来写完这本书了。这很着急。
　[系统归纳]
(1)settle down/get settled
定居；稳定；平静下来；舒适地坐下　
settle down to (doing) sth.
开始专心于某事，着手认真做某事
settle in/into 定居；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)
settle on 决定，选定；停留，降落
(2)settler n. 移居者
settlement n. 解决；(新)定居地
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑩The chairman tried to settle the audience in.in→down
佳句时时写
⑪(2014·天津高考书面表达)我们学校位于中国北方的一座城市。当你定居下来后，你会品尝到各种美食，因为它以小吃而闻名。
Our_school_is_located_in_a_northern_city_of_China.When_you_settle_down,_you_can_taste_many_kinds_of_delicious_food,_because_it_is_well_famous_for_its_snacks.
7．view n．景色，风景；视野；观点，意见 vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作；考虑
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中view的含义
①People came from all over the world to view her work. 观看
②When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view. 视野
③He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city. 景色
④We'd like to find out young people's views on religion. 观点
单句语法填空
⑤As the car approached the town center, several tall buildings came into view.
⑥When the car was first made, the design was viewed as highly original.
⑦In view of the weather, we'll call off the outing.
⑧She waited until the whole island was in view and then took a photo.
完成句子
⑨In_my_view,_we should develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.
在我看来，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。
⑩I didn't have_a_good_view_of the stage.
我看不清楚舞台。
　[系统归纳]
(1)come into view　　　　　　　 看得见，进入视野
in view 在视野范围内
have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览
(2)in view of 鉴于；考虑到
in one's view 在某人看来
(3)view ...as 把……看作
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑪From my view, it was a waste of time.From→In
佳句时时写
⑫(2013·辽宁高考书面表达)那晚的月亮是整个农历月中最明亮的。我们最爱的就是一家人一起赏月的时候。
The_moon_that_night_looks_the_brightest_in_the_whole_lunar_month.What_we_love_most_is_the_time_when_we_have_a_good_view_of_the_full_moon_together.
8．average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n．平均数；平均水平；一般水准 v．平均为；计算出……的平均数
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中average的词性及含义
①Each person raised an average of ￡60 to plant an acre of trees. n.平均数
②Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour. v.平均为
③The average temperature in May was 4℃ below normal. adj.平均的
单句语法填空
④(2016·四川高考)The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.
⑤Men lose an average of 3－4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more.
完成句子
⑥The computer will average_out the yearly statistics.
电脑将把每年的平均数据计算出来。
⑦On_average,_people who don't smoke are healthier than those who do.
一般来说，不抽烟的人比抽烟的人身体健康。
　[系统归纳]
(1)an average of　　　　　　　 平均有(后跟数词)
on (the) average 平均起来
above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下
(2)average out 算出平均数
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑧By average, women live between five and seven years longer than men.By→On
佳句时时写
⑨(2012·四川高考书面表达)我的英语在平均水平以上，但是我学习中有两个主要问题：一是记忆单词困难，二是说英语时经常感到紧张。
My_English_is_above_average,_but_the_two_main_problems_in_my_study_are_that_I_feel_it_difficult_to_learn_words_by_heart,_and_that_I_often_feel_nervous_when_speaking_English.



1．get in touch取得联系
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①It occurred to me that we should get in touch with the manager.
②I keep in touch with most of my old school friends.
根据提示完成下面语段
I ③kept/was_in_touch_with my college classmates for about ten years.Unfortunately, when I lost my mobile phone, I ④lost_touch_with them.Later, I ⑤got_in_touch_with them online after we ⑥were_out_of_touch for about half a year.
我与大学同学保持了十年的联系。不幸的是，当我丢了手机后，我与他们失去了联系。后来，在失去联系大约半年后，我在网上与他们取得了联系。
　[系统归纳]
get in touch with sb.　　　　 和某人取得联系(动作)
keep in touch with sb. 和某人保持联系(状态)
be in touch with 和……有联系(状态)
lose touch with 和……失去联系(动作)
be out of touch with 不了解；失去联系(状态)
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦Keeping touch with our friends is an important part of friendship.Keeping后加in
佳句时时写
⑧(2011·新课标全国卷书面表达)请告知我你哪天合适。你可以发邮件或者打电话和我取得联系。
Please_let_me_know_which_day_is_OK_with_you.If_you_want_to_get_in_touch_with_me,_you_may_email_or_phone_me.
2．(be) up to做，忙于，从事；多达，达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止；取决于，由……决定；是……的责任
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中(be) up to的含义
①It is up to the manager to make the final decision. 取决于
②Up to one hundred thousand people are still without jobs. 达到，多达
③John was fired because he was not up to his work. 胜任
④The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to. 从事，忙于
⑤She continued to care for her father up to the time of his recovery. 直到……为止
单句语法填空
⑥It's up to_you to decide whether to go or not.
⑦We have_known (know) nothing about Tom up to now.
翻译句子
⑧由你决定我们是否买这套家具。
It's_up_to_you_to_decide_whether_we_buy_this_set_of_furniture_or_not.
　[系统归纳]
up to now　　　　　　　　 直到现在
It is up to you. 随你的便。/由你决定。
It is up to sb.to do sth. 该由某人做某事
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑨My German isn't up to translate that letter.translate→translating
佳句时时写
⑩(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)带什么礼物由你决定。以我个人来看，你最好带一些小礼物，例如你家乡的特产。
It_is_up_to_you_to_decide_which_gift_is_suitable.In_my_opinion,_you'd_better_bring_some_little_gifts,_such_as_a_special_food_or_drink_from_your_country.
3．as well as也，又；和……一样好
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The girl, as well as her brothers, wants (want) to go to beach on Sunday.
②As well as eating (eat) five course meals, they drank seven bottles of wine.
③The weather was so bad that we might as well stay (stay) at home.
句型转换
④The driver can drive not only cars but also buses.
→The driver can drive buses as well as cars.
　[系统归纳]
(1)A as well as B作主语时，谓语动词的单复数随A的人称和数的变化而变化
(2)as well as可以用来连接两个相同的成分，强调的重点在前面，不在后面。放在句首时，后面的动词多用v.­ing形式
(3)may/might as well　最好……；还是……为好；不妨
as well 也，还
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well as.去掉第二个as
佳句时时写
⑥(2017·天津高考书面表达)实际上，在学习与生活中我一直做得很好。
Actually,_I've_been_doing_pretty_well_in_my_studies_as_well_as_in_my_life.
4．as if 引导表语从句
[教材原句]　 ...the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as_if you are in a real situation.
　[自主体验]
①Hurry up! It looks as_if the train is going to move.
快点！看起来火车要开了。
②He opened his mouth as if to_say (say) something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
③They talked as if they had_met (meet) before.
他们交谈着好像以前见过面似的。
④I remember the whole thing as if it happened (happen) yesterday.
我还记得整件事，就好像它发生在昨天一样。
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
(1)as if相当于as though，意为“仿佛；好像；似乎”，常用在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词的后面引导表语从句。它还可以引导方式状语从句。
(2)as if/though从句中的省略：如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词。
(3)若as if/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气：与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could/might＋do”；与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时；与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。
注意事项
as if/though引导的从句如果实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。

　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2015·湖北高考满分作文)Two years ago, our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.It seemed as if the answer was a little strange, but nobody doubted it except me.
②(增分要点句)(2016·江苏高考满分作文)To be honest, voters sometimes feel annoyed; they hate voting but have to pretend as if they liked voting.
③(增分要点句)The football player is rolling on the ground as if hurt badly in the leg.



Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His suggestion (建议) is that the paper should be handed in before 14：00.
2．Eating and drinking too much is likely (有可能的) to give one's stomach trouble.
3．Standing on the top of the mountain, you'll get a good view (景色) of the city.
4．The average (平均的) age of the students in our school is about 17.
5．This event happened last year harmed (损害) the relations between the two countries.
6．I gratefully took the cup of coffee that she offered (给予) me.
7．We are busy making arrangements (安排) for Christmas.
8．We can get to our holiday destinations (目的地) by plane.
9．The plane crashed (撞上) into the mountain, but luckily the pilot survived.
10．We rejected (拒绝) his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Wait until the students settle down before you start the lesson.
2．Have the house surveyed before you offer to_buy (buy) it.
3．It is suggested that we (should)_discuss (discuss) the problem.
4．Polluted air and water are harmful (harm) to people's health.
5．It's natural to view management as a profession.
6．When everyone else in the class was focusing on/upon tasks, I could not.
7．Would you like to have your writing published (publish) in this magazine?
8．On average, a family will use 5 kg of wood per day to cook on a simple wood stove.
9．We'll get in touch as soon as we know the results of the test.
10．It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines are being built in Wuhan.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．He finds it hard to focus his thoughts to one thing for five minutes.第二个to→on
2．The company developed rapid under his administration. rapid→rapidly
3．What was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. What→It
4．On his view, in 50 years, the average human life span will be 150 years old. On→In
5．Offering an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous. Offering→Offered
6．Brown meat essence is harmful for people's health. for→to
7．They settled down to read the text when the class began. read→reading
8．John, as well as his wife and children, are going to visit China next week. are→is
9．I found difficult to answer such a question in so short a time. found后加it
10．It was suggested that you attended the opening ceremony. attended→attend
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．On_average,_a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years.
通常，强烈的地震每两年发生不到一次。
2．The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does_great_harm_to_their_health.
大多数人摄入的脂肪太多、纤维不足，这对他们的健康很不利。
3．It_is_likely_that he will agree with the plan to advocate a low­carbon lifestyle.
他很可能会同意这个提倡低碳生活的计划。
4．Founded in Moscow, the company eventually settled_in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.
公司在莫斯科成立，在20世纪20年代最终定居在特拉维夫。
5．We find_it_important_to_develop low­carbon economy.
我们发现发展低碳经济很重要。
6．They would_have_the_medicine_sent_by rail from Beijing to Shanghai.
他们将会把药品通过铁路从北京送到上海。


本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“计算机与网络”子话题相对应

一、话题语素积累多一点

子话题——计算机与网络

(一)浅易词汇温一温
①mouse　　 　 ②keyboard　　③screen　　　　 ④software
⑤monitor ⑥printer ⑦safe ⑧protective
⑨copy ⑩print ⑪well­chosen ⑫control
⑬enable ⑭help ⑮imagine ⑯Internet
⑰impossible ⑱website ⑲connect ⑳download
click chat information challenge
requirement easy knowledge

(二)生疏词汇记一记
①scanner n．　扫描仪　 　　②hardware n．　 硬件
③data n. 数据，资料 ④laptop n. 笔记本电脑
⑤database n. 数据库 ⑥delete vt. 删除
⑦adapter n. 适配器 ⑧breakabie adj. 可破译的
⑨insert vt. 插入 ⑩device n. 装置
⑪operate v. 操作 ⑫convenient adj. 方便的
⑬creative adj. 创新的 ⑭effective adj. 有效的
⑮fingertip n. 指尖 ⑯positive adj. 积极的
⑰crack vt. 使破裂；打开 ⑱cute adj. 伶俐的
⑲access n. 进入；使用权 ⑳update vt. 更新
digital adj. 数字的 blog n. 博客
Facebook 脸书 newbie n. 网络新手
FAQ 常见问题解答 spam n. 垃圾邮件
hacker n. 黑客 BBS 电子公告板
Usenet 新闻论坛 fictional adj. 虚构的
decipher vt. 破译 password n. 密码
complex adj. 复杂的 pursue vt. 追求
technological adj. 技术上的，工艺的

(三)常用词块忆一忆
①connect to Wi­Fi networks　　　　　 连接无线网络
②at the risk of ... 冒……的风险
③with the popularity of the Internet 随着网络的普及
④have access to/be accessible to 能使用
⑤edit text 编辑信息
⑥browse web pages 浏览网页
⑦communicate with 沟通
⑧rely on 依赖
⑨IT＝information technology 信息技术
⑩search engine 搜索引擎
⑪distract one's attention 分散某人的注意力
⑫have a negative effect 有负面影响
⑬electronic book 电子书
⑭text message 手机短信
⑮tablet personal computer 平板电脑
⑯portable computer 便携式电脑
⑰online shopping 网上购物
⑱surf the Internet 网上冲浪
⑲make full use of 充分利用
⑳keep in touch with 和……保持联系
set up 建立
contribute to 有助于，促成
handy and flexible 方便又灵活
send and receive e­mails 收发邮件
do shopping 购物
music and movie 音乐和电影
a lot of 许多
ready information 现成的信息

(四)写作佳句背一背
①Some people are worried about the safety of paying for goods using credit cards when shopping on the Internet.
②You can shop as you like as the online shops are open 24 hours a day.
二、话题书面表达亮一点

(2009·江苏高考)鼠标是计算机时代最佳的人机交互工具之一。它极大地方便了人们的计算机操作。但是，过分依赖鼠标的习惯也会带来一些不利影响。请你以鼠标为切入点，根据下表所提示的信息，用英语写一篇短文。
　

鼠标的
必要性
对多数人来说，操作计算机，上网冲浪……
编辑文本，搜索信息……
鼠标的
便捷性

点击、移动、插入、拷贝、
删除……
收发邮件，选购商品……
点播音乐，下载电影……

如果过分依赖鼠标……(请考生结合自身感受，列举两到三点)注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。
2．词数100左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
The mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computer.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
　　
[写作4步走]

第一步：句写对——给词写句

impossible, operate, mouse, well­chosen, handy and flexible, control, screen, edit text, browse web pages, send and receive e­mails, online shopping, download, a lot of, music and movie, imagine, cute, convenient, ready information, fingertip, knowledge, pursue, rely on　　
1．对大多数人来说，如果没有鼠标，操作计算机几乎是不可能的。
For_most_people,_it's_almost_impossible_to_operate_a_computer_without_a_mouse.
2．一个挑选好的鼠标在控制屏幕方面真地既方便又灵活。
A_well­chosen_mouse_is_really_handy_and_flexible_in_controlling_the_screen.
3．它能使我们编辑文本、浏览网页、发送和接收邮件以及上网购物。
It_enables_us_to_edit_text,_browse_web_pages,_send_and_receive_e­mails_and_do_online_shopping.
4．它还可以帮助我们很容易地下载所需要的东西，例如许多音乐和电影。
It_can_also_help_us_easily_download_what_we_need,_such_as_a_lot_of_music_and_movies.
5．想象一下，所有这些都是伶俐的鼠标做的。
Just_imagine,_all_this_can_be_done_with_a_cute_mouse.
6．一种方便的工具的确能使我们的工作更容易。
A_convenient_tool_can_certainly_make_our_work_easier.
7．它不能总是帮忙。
It_doesn't_always_help.
8．太多现成的指尖上的信息使我们对知识追求的空间减少。
Too_much_ready_information_on_our_fingertips_leaves_little_room_for_knowledge_pursuing.
9．过分依赖点击鼠标会使我们变得更懒惰、更缺乏创造力。
Relying_too_much_on_mouse_clicking_makes_us_lazier_and_less_creative.

第二步：量写够——语句扩充
10．在第1句后加入状语“更不用说网上冲浪”表示递进。
For_most_people,_it's_almost_impossible_to_operate_a_computer_without_a_mouse,_let_alone_surf_the_Internet.
11．在第3句中加入介词短语“它有插入、删除、移动、拷贝的功能”。
With_the_functions_of_inserting,_deleting,_moving_and_copying,_it_enables_us_to_edit_text,_browse_web_pages,_send_and_receive_e­mails_and_do_online_shopping.
12．在第7句后加入状语“以积极的方式”。
It_doesn't_always_help_in_an_active_way.

第三步：语写美——词句升格
13．用短语a flood of替换第4句中a lot of，并用not only ... but also ...句型连接第4句和第11句。
With_the_functions_of_inserting,_deleting,_moving_and_copying,_it_not_only_enables_us_to_edit_text,_browse_web_pages,_send_and_receive_e­mails_and_do_online_shopping,_but_can_also_help_us_easily_download_what_we_need,_such_as_a_flood_of_music_and_movies.
14．用并列连词but连接第6句和第12句。
A_convenient_tool_can_certainly_make_our_work_easier,_but_it_doesn't_always_help_in_an_active_way.

第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文

The_mouse_is_a_most_effective_device_used_by_people_to_communicate_with_a_computer.
For_most_people,_it's_almost_impossible_to_operate_a_computer_without_a_mouse,_let_alone_surf_the_Internet.On_one_hand,_a_well­chosen_mouse_is_really_handy_and_flexible_in_controlling_the_screen.On_the_other_hand,_with_the_functions_of_inserting,_deleting,_moving_and_copying,_it_not_only_enables_us_to_edit_text,_browse_web_pages,_send_and_receive_e­mails_and_do_online_shopping,_but_can_also_help_us_easily_download_what_we_need,_such_as_a_flood_of_music_and_movies.Just_imagine,_all_this_can_be_done_with_a_cute_mouse.
A_convenient_tool_can_certainly_make_our_work_easier,_but_it_doesn't_always_help_in_an_active_way.Too_much_ready_information_on_our_fingertips_leaves_little_room_for_knowledge_pursuing.What's_more,_relying_too_much_on_mouse_clicking_makes_us_lazier_and_less_creative.



Ⅰ.根据提示填空
Is asking for the Wi­Fi ❶password (密码) the first thing you do when you walk into a restaurant or cafe? For many the answer is yes; for others it may be the second thing they do.In any case, in an age of logging in wherever we go, many people use sensitive information on the invisible Net, posing a risk to their finances and personal ❷safety(safe)．Whether it's ❸chatting (chat) on QQ, shopping on Taobao or connecting to a “free” Wi­Fi network not being ❹careful (care) can have serious consequences.
So when you chat online, you should always ❺set_up (建立) a complicated password for your accounts.It's best to include special characters in the password, as this makes it harder for ❻hackers (黑客) to ❼decipher (破译)．
Friends and relatives should also be ❽cautious (caution) about strange requests, especially from someone who is abroad.People abroad are usually harder to reach when verification (验证) is needed, and relatives and family members are often extra ❾protective (protect) when they hear about an emergency.Students should leave multiple contact numbers with their family and keep family and friends updated (update) on their news.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
crack， figure out， hacker， connect to Wi­Fi networks， laptop， bank account， access， ask the staff， at the risk of， safer
When it comes to network security, the following two things can't be neglected.
Online shopping
It's best to use a U aegis (U盾), or a dynamic verification code (验证码) for every bank transaction (交易，事物)．With these measures, ❶hackers can't take your money even if they know your password.
The passwords for your social media accounts, ❷bank_accounts,_e­mails and forums should all be different.This is because the password for a forum can be easily ❸cracked,_and if the passwords for your other accounts are all the same, hackers can ❹access your e­mail inbox, find personal information and ❺figure_out other passwords.
Public Wi­Fi
Usually, you need to ❻ask_the_staff in the store to give you the Wi­Fi password.If there are several Wi­Fi networks, ask the staff to confirm which one is provided by the store.
Some people like to ❼connect_to_Wi­Fi_networks automatically on their smartphones or ❽laptops,_but this means they're ❾at_the_risk_of falling into a trap without even noticing.It's safer to choose “connect manually (手动地)”．


一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心

Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal meant me no real harm (harmful)．
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely_to_bring_(bring) your work home.
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Most of us are more focused_on_our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
5．(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion (suggest) that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.
6．(2016·10月浙江高考)I settled down in the darkness, and the curtains opened.
7．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away by car and offers_(offer) all the scenery of the better­known city.
8．(2015·重庆高考)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃ above the average.
9．(2014·湖南高考)Whenever you buy a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.
10．(2012·湖南高考)People have different habits about keeping in touch with others.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用offer, focus, affect, project, suggestion填空)
1．(2018·北京高考)“I think the faith that everyone has shown in him has touched him.People have been approaching him in the street; he's had job __34__ and all sorts，”Mr.Anderson commented.____________
2．(2018·天津高考)From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can __33__ the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them.____________
3．(2017·天津高考)That year, I attended a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her success story — she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised ＄25,000 for homeless children.
Influenced by her story, I created the As We Heal (痊愈), the World Heals __24__.____________
4．(2011·北京高考)Fortunately, I wasn't the only one“new” at the game, so I decided to __47__ on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn't know “just yet”．____________
5．(2011·安徽高考) Seeing this, the man stopped at his business partner's office to make me fifteen more copies.He also gave me some __52__ on dressing and speaking.____________
答案：1.offers　2.affect　3.project　4.focus　5.suggestions
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：随着社会的发展，人类和科技的关系显得越来越密切，因此科普知识中计算机与网络技术也日渐成为高考的热点。这类文章能让考生体会到科学的趣味和实际功用，促使考生深入思考科技创新在人类生活和发展过程中起到的重要作用。在平时的话题训练中，建议考生多多关注与此类话题相关的材料。

[话题感悟]

学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加黑词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2018·天津高考阅读C)There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn't stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that — it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re­create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same，” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D­printed, rather than farm to table.
Sustainability (可持续性)
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you'd eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste (糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time­consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high­end restaurants.
语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术的新发展：打印食物，并详细介绍了与3D打印相关的食品生产、可持续发展、营养以及面临的挑战。
46．What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?
A．It helps cooks to create new dishes.
B．It saves time and effort in cooking.
C．It improves the cooking conditions.
D．It contributes to restaurant decorations.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据Food production标题下的第二句“it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy”可知，利用3D打印机打印食物省时省力，故答案为B。
47．What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3?
A．It solves food shortages easily.
B．It quickens the transportation of food.
C．It needs no space for the storage of food.
D．It uses renewable materials as sources of food.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料)．”可知，3D打印机可以使用可再生的原料作为食物来源。故选D。
48．According to Paragraph 4, 3D­printed food__________.
A．is more available to consumers
B．can meet individual nutritional needs
C．is more tasty than food in supermarkets
D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.”可知，3D打印机打印食物可以满足个人的营养需求，故答案为B。
49．What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?
A．The printing process is complicated.
B．3D food printers are too expensive.
C．Food materials have to be dry.
D．Some experts doubt 3D food printing.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients”可知，选项C正确。
50．What could be the best title of the passage?
A．3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology
B．A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing
C．The Challenges for 3D Food Production
D．3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table
解析：选A　标题归纳题。本文介绍了3D食物打印机的相关信息，谈到其发展现状，它使用的原料有利于食物的可持续发展，人们可以根据自己的营养需求来私人定制食物，但是其发展也受到某些限制。故应选A项“3D食物打印：美味的新技术”。

学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
推理判断技法(2)——借助关键句(段)进行推断
此类试题的解答需要对较多信息进行阅读和推理。因此，解题时应认真阅读试题题干，回到原文找到与题目有逻辑关系的关键句(段)，并借助其进行推理判断，看与哪一个备选项的内容在意义与逻辑上相吻合。例如上文第48题，根据第四段中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.”可以推断出B项正确。



Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·昆明质检)Medha Gupta sometimes felt worried about making the 20­minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon, Va. — especially during the colder months in winter.
Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: Write an app. She was half­kidding, but Medha took the challenge seriously. So she went to work.
The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when they are traveling alone. Using the iPhone, a person can program it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she fails to arrive at a destination within a certain time.
It was the first iOS app that Medha had created. While she didn't think much would come from the project, her effort caught the eye of judges for the annual Congressional App Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District.
The App Challenge is designed to encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and math by experimenting with coding and computer science. Winning students are invited to attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received ＄250 in Amazon Web Services credits.
Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, program and test the app. As for her next app? Medha's not certain. She temporarily has her app­development ambitions on_hold because she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook. Yes, she knows that there are teams of engineers probably doing the same thing. But she figures it can't hurt her own part, too.
“If we see something wrong with the world, we should do something about it，” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Medha Gupta设计一款手机应用程序的故事。
1．Why did Medha Gupta feel worried?
A．It took a long time to walk home.
B．It was colder than ever in winter.
C．It was unsafe to walk home alone.
D．It was difficult to write an app.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据首段的描述，以及第三段首句“The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when they are traveling alone”可知，Medha有时担心自己放学回家时的安全，因此她设计了应用程序Safe Travel，它可以使出行者独自出行时感觉更安全，所以选项C正确。
2．What does the underlined phrase “on hold” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Delayed.　　　　　　　 B．Developed.
C．Suspected. D．Satisfied.
解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“because she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook”(因为她正在忙着自学人工智能技术，以帮助处理Facebook上的不当言论)，同时结合画线词前一句“Medha's not certain”可推断出她暂时把应用程序开发的目标推迟了。所以选项A正确。
3．What is Medha's attitude to the challenge?
A．Curious. B．Sensitive.
C．Uncertain. D．Optimistic.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She was half­kidding, but Medha took the challenge seriously. So she went to work”可知，Medha认真地对待这个挑战，并开始设计。这表明了她面对挑战的乐观态度。
4．What's the main idea of the text?
A．Medha registered for the App Challenge.
B．Medha designed Safe Travel successfully.
C．The App Challenge directs students how to choose careers.
D．An app guides walkers home.
解析：选B　主旨大意题。文章是围绕Medha设计手机应用程序Safe Travel展开的，讲述了她设计这一应用程序的起因、过程和由此获得的成就，最后一段引用Medha自己的话强调她面对研究的态度，所以选项B是最佳选项。
B
(2019·河北五校联考)You'll probably never go to Mars or sing on the stage with the Rolling Stones. But if virtual reality (VR) ever lives up to its promise, you might be able to do all these things — and many more — without even leaving your home. Unlike real reality, virtual reality means simulating (模仿) bits of our world. Apart from games and entertainment, it's long been used for training airline pilots and surgeons and for helping scientists to figure out complex problems such as the structure of protein molecules (分子). Then how does it work?
Close your eyes and think of virtual reality and you probably picture something like this: a man wearing a wrap­around headset and data gloves wired into a powerful workstation or supercomputer. What distinguishes VR from an ordinary computer experience is the nature of the input and output. Where an ordinary computer uses things like a keyboard, a mouse, or speech recognition for input, VR uses sensors that detect how your body is moving. And where a PC displays output on a screen, VR uses two screens (one for each eye), surround­sound speakers, and maybe some forms of touch and body feedback as well.
VR has been routinely used by scientists, doctors, dentists, engineers, architects, archaeologists, and the military for about the last 30 years. Difficult and dangerous jobs are hard to train for. How can you safely practice taking a trip to space, making a parachute jump, or carrying out brain surgery? All these things are obvious candidates for virtual reality applications.
Like any technology, virtual reality has both good and bad points. Critics always raise the risk that people may be addicted to alternative reality to the point of ignoring their real­world lives — but that criticism has been leveled on everything from radio and TV to computer games and the Internet. Like many technologies, VR takes little or nothing away from the real world: you don't have to use it if you don't want to.
语篇解读：文章向我们介绍了什么是虚拟现实，以及虚拟现实在我们现实生活中的广泛应用，最后介绍了作者对虚拟现实的看法和态度。
5．What equipment do we probably need for virtual reality?
A．A keyboard, a headset and a supercomputer.
B．A headset, data gloves and speech recognition.
C．A headset, data gloves and a supercomputer.
D．A keyboard, a mouse and speech recognition.
解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段中的“a man wearing a wrap­around headset and data gloves wired into a powerful workstation or supercomputer”可知，虚拟现实需要的装备有连接着工作站或超笔记本的贴面式耳机和数据手套。故选C项。
6．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A．the principles of virtual reality
B．the applications of virtual reality
C．the history of virtual reality
D．the influences of virtual reality
解析：选B　段落大意题。由该段的主题句“VR has been routinely used by scientists, doctors ... military for about the last 30 years”及最后一句“All these things are obvious candidates for virtual reality applications”可知，该段讲述的是虚拟现实的应用。
7．According to the passage, virtual reality means ________.
A．imagining beautiful things in our mind
B．creating something that doesn't exist
C．experiencing things that don't really exist
D．cloning something that has died out
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“You'll probably never go to Mars or sing ... without even leaving your home”可知，利用虚拟现实，你可以不出家门就体验登陆火星、与滚石乐队同台演唱，即所谓的虚拟现实就是体验不存在的、模仿现实世界的东西。
8．What is the writer's attitude towards VR?
A．Appreciative. B．Cautious.
C．Skeptical. D．Indifferent.
解析：选A　观点态度题。文章先介绍了什么是虚拟现实，然后向我们介绍虚拟现实的广泛应用，客观地介绍了虚拟现实的利弊，最后对批评的声音进行了驳斥，阐明了作者自己的观点“VR takes little or nothing away from the real world: you don't have to use it if you don't want to”。由此可见，作者对VR持赞赏态度。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·广西三市联考)My 8­hour sleepy flight finally came to an end after I stepped out of the airport. __1__ on the bus, I was waiting anxiously for it to start.
A woman beside me and her daughter both seemed __2__. She told me that her daughter had an upset stomach and would __3__ continuously; __4__， the mother had lost her purse. Apart from a significant __5__ of money, the purse also had her phone and a phone number of an important __6__.She would meet him for discussing a(n) __7__ matter which had to be __8__ by tomorrow morning.
I handed her my cellphone without __9__ and told her that she could make any __10__ she wanted. I also produced a bottle of water I had in my bag to relieve her daughter of her __11__.After making several calls, they finally __12__ to the official! They turned to look at me __13__ and thanked me many times. The woman tried to __14__ for my assistance, but I refused __15__ I knew she had lost her money.
The next morning, I received a call from the mother, saying that they couldn't __16__ how much my generous act touched them. They were so __17__ that they had taken down my number to thank me. I was astonished to be thanked in this way. I never thought my simple offer __18__ so much in their heart. And I thought of how many opportunities for kindness we had lost by being absorbed in cellphones and being disconnected __19__ the reality around us — something with easy __20__ may make a big difference to others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在乘坐公共汽车时，“我”帮助了一位邻座的女士和她的女儿，这位女士和她的女儿十分感谢“我”，“我”由此得出感悟：一个简单的善举常常能解决他人的燃眉之急。
1．A.Getting　　　　　 B．Got
C．Seated D．Seating
解析：选C　坐在公共汽车的座位上，“我”着急地等着发车；be seated on为固定搭配，意为“坐在……座位上”。
2．A.relaxed B．excited
C．unconscious D．uncomfortable
解析：选D　根据空后一句“She told me that her daughter had an upset stomach ... the mother had lost her purse”可知，邻座的女士告诉“我”她的女儿胃不舒服，并且她丢失了钱包；因此邻座的这位女士和她的女儿看起来都不舒服；D项意为“不舒服的”，符合语境。A项意为“放松的”，B项意为“兴奋的”，C项意为“不省人事的，失去知觉的”，都与语境不符。
3．A.throw up B．put up
C．take up D．pick up
解析：选A　根据该句中的“She told me that her daughter had an upset stomach”可知，邻座的女士告诉“我”她的女儿胃不舒服，结合该句中的“continuously”和常识可以判断，她会不断地呕吐；A项意为“呕吐”，符合语境。B项意为“搭建，建造”；C项意为“开始从事，占据”；D项意为“捡起，(偶然)学会”。
4．A.however B．besides
C．therefore D．otherwise
解析：选B　根据空前的她的女儿胃不舒服并会不断呕吐及空后的这位女士还丢失了钱包可知，空处前后为递进关系，B项意为“此外，而且”，表示递进，故B项正确。A项意为“然而”；C项意为“因此”；D项意为“否则”。
5．A.number B．variety
C．mass D．amount
解析：选D　除了一大笔钱，钱包里还有她的手机和一个重要的电话号码。a significant amount of“相当数量的……”符合语境，故D项正确。
6．A.accountant B．official
C．lawyer D．doctor
解析：选B　根据下一句中的“She would meet him for discussing a(n) ________ matter”，并结合第三段第三句中的“official”可知，此处指一个重要官员的电话号码。B项意为“官员”，符合语境。A项意为“会计”；C项意为“律师”；D项意为“医生”。
7．A.simple B．political
C．urgent D．financial
解析：选C　根据该句“She would meet him for discussing a(n) ________ matter ... by tomorrow morning”可知，所讨论的事情要在明天早晨之前解决，故此事是很紧急的；C项意为“紧急的”，符合语境。A项意为“简单的”，B项意为“政治的”，D项意为“财政的”，都与语境不符。
8．A.settled B．ignored
C．raised D．dropped
解析：选A　参见上题解析。A项意为“解决”，符合语境。B项意为“忽视”，C项意为“提起”，D项意为“掉下，落下”，都与语境不符。
9．A.doubt B．permission
C．question D．hesitation
解析：选D　根据该句中的“I handed her my cellphone without”和下文内容可知，“我”毫不犹豫地将手机借给了她；without hesitation为固定搭配，意为“毫不犹豫地”，符合语境。A项意为“怀疑”，B项意为“许可”，C项意为“疑问”，都与语境不符。
10．A.call B．decision
C．choice D．promise
解析：选A　手机是用来打电话的；A项意为“电话”，符合语境。B项意为“决定”；C项意为“选择”；D项意为“承诺”。
11．A.fever B．stress
C．sickness D．appetite
解析：选C　根据第二段第二句可知，邻座女士的女儿胃不舒服，会不断呕吐；因此此处指“我”从包里取出一瓶水递给她的女儿以缓解她的呕吐情况；C项意为“恶心，呕吐”，符合语境。A项意为“发烧”，B项意为“压力”，D项意为“食欲”，都与语境不符。
12．A.came over B．went through
C．got through D．turned around
解析：选C　在打了几次电话后，她们终于打通了这位官员的电话。C项意为“接通，打通”，符合语境。A项意为“拜访”，B项意为“通过”，D项意为“转身，好转”，都与语境不符。
13．A.doubtfully B．closely
C．curiously D．gratefully
解析：选D　根据上文可知，“我”将我包里的水送给邻座女士的女儿，并将手机借给她们，她们打通了那位官员的电话；她们转过身来感激地看着“我”，不断地感谢“我”。D项意为“感激地”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“怀疑地”，B项意为“仔细地”，C项意为“好奇地”，都与语境不符。
14．A.thank B．pay
C．award D．praise
解析：选B　根据该句中的“I knew she had lost her money”可知，这位女士要付钱给“我”以表达感谢，但是因为“我”知道她丢了钱，“我”拒绝了。B项意为“付款”，符合语境。A项意为“感谢”；C项意为“奖励”；D项意为“赞扬”。
15．A.since B．if
C．while D．although
解析：选A　参见上题解析。A项意为“因为”，符合语境。
16．A.express B．talk
C．describe D．compose
解析：选A　第二天早上，“我”接到了这位女士的电话，说她们无法用言语表达她们有多感动。A项意为“表达”，符合语境。B项意为“交谈”；C项意为“描述”；D项意为“组成，作曲，写”。
17．A.reasonable B．considerate
C．flexible D．considerable
解析：选B　她们是如此细心，还将“我”的电话号码记下来以感谢“我”。B项意为“体贴的，考虑周到的”，符合语境。A项意为“有理由的”，C项意为“易弯曲的，柔韧的，灵活的”，D项意为“相当大的”，都与语境不符。
18．A.increased B．balanced
C．weighed D．ranked
解析：选C　“我”从来没有想到“我”的一次简单的帮助在她们的心中如此有分量；C项意为“有影响，有分量”，故C项正确。A项意为“增加”，B项意为“平衡”，D项意为“具有……等级(地位)”，都与语境不符。
19．A.in B．beyond
C．of D．from
解析：选D　沉浸在手机的世界中、与周围的现实脱节，使我们失去了很多表达善意的机会；be disconnected from ...为固定搭配，意为“与……脱离”，故D项正确。
20．A.reach B．access
C．range D．purpose
解析：选B　根据上文可知，沉浸在手机的世界中、与周围的现实脱节，使我们失去了很多表达善意的机会；结合该句中的“with easy ________ may make a big difference to others”和上文“我”将手机借给邻座的女士使用的故事可知，一个简单容易的方法就能极大地帮助别人，对别人产生重大影响。B项意为“(使用或见到的)机会，权利”，符合语境。A项意为“距离，限度”，C项意为“能力范围”，D项意为“目的”，都与语境不符。
Ⅲ.语法填空
About 38 years ago, Jadav Payeng, an Indian teenager, began planting trees in a huge sandbar (沙洲) near his birthplace.With his hard work and great efforts, he has turned the sandbar __1__ a forest.
It was 1979, __2__ Payeng was only 16, and floods had washed a great number of snakes onto the sandbar.When Payeng found them, they had all died.“Because of the __3__ (absent) of trees, the snakes died in __4__ heat.It was really __5__ (pain), so I decided to grow bamboos and trees there，” said Payeng.
Over the years, Payeng __6__ (plant) over 1,360 acres (英亩) of forest.The forest, __7__ (name) after its creator, is believed to be the world's biggest forest in the middle of a river. The once lifeless sandbar is now home to several thousands of __8__ (variety) of trees and an amazing diversity of wildlife, including birds, deer, apes, elephants and even tigers.In 2015, Payeng __9__ (honor) with Padma Shri, one of the top awards in India.
Today, Payeng still lives in the forest.He shares a small house with his wife and three children __10__ makes a living by selling cow and buffalo milk.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文，主题为人与自然。印度曾经的一片沙洲如今却成了1 360英亩的森林，有着各种各样的植物，吸引着无数动物前来光顾。这一切的转变，全靠一个人，他就是Jadav Payeng。
1．into　turn ...into ...是习惯搭配，意思是“将……变成……”。
2．when　此处when用作关系副词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词1979, 其中when在从句中作时间状语。
3．absence　空格中所填单词在句中作because of的宾语，且前面有冠词the，故用absent的名词形式。
4．the　此处heat为不可数名词，in the heat意为“在炎热的天气中”。
5．painful　空格中所填单词在句中作表语，需用pain的形容词形式。
6．has planted　“over ＋ 一段时间”作状语时，句子谓语用现在完成时。
7．named　named after its creator是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the forest, 分词动作name与被修饰词之间是被动关系。
8．varieties　varieties of表示“各种各样的”，为固定搭配。
9．was honored　主语Payeng是谓语动词动作honor的承受者，用被动语态；时间状语in 2015与一般过去时连用。
10．and　shares和makes是并列谓语，故用and连接。
Ⅳ.短文改错
There is no doubt that we have benefit a lot from the Internet in our everyday life.We can read news, watch films, keep in the touch with our relatives, make friends, or play games to get relaxing on the Internet.
But every coin has two side.The Internet also has bad effects on people, especial on teenagers.Things such as violence and cheating, often appeared on the Internet seriously polluting their hearts and soul.As a result, children will gradually lose interest on their studies.
Now, it's high time the government took effectively measures.Some websites that disobey the rules should made public and closed up.I'm sure you will have a better online environment soon so that the Internet can serve us better.
答案：第一句：benefit→benefited
第二句：去掉touch前的the; relaxing→relaxed
第三句：side→sides
第四句：especial→especially
第五句：appeared→appear
第六句：on→in
第七句：effectively→effective
第八句：should后加be
第九句：you→we