2019版英语高三一轮复习系列外研学案导学版文档：第二部分基础保分篇第五讲

这是一份2019版英语高三一轮复习系列外研学案导学版文档：第二部分基础保分篇第五讲，共9页。学案主要包含了语篇导读等内容，欢迎下载使用。


eq \a\vs4\al(形容词和副词)eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(形容词\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(基本用法\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(作定语：These are valuable suggestins.这些是宝贵的建议。,作表语：His suggestins are very valuableＷ.他的建议很有价值。,作补语：I cnsider his suggestin very valuableＷ.我认为他的建议很有价值。)),后置定语\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(形容词短语：This is a film unsuitable fr childrenＷ.这是一部儿童不宜的电影。,表语形容词：She is the nly persn aware f the dangerＷ.她是唯一意识到这个危险的人。,修饰复合不定代词：I have smething interesting t tell yu.我有有趣的事要告诉你。)),分词形容词\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(－ed形容词：（人）感到……的,－ing形容词：令人……的（事物）)),表示类别或整体：the ld老年人；the yung年轻人；the wunded伤员)),副词\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(基本用法：作状语，修饰动词、形容词、另一个副词、整个句子。,在句中的位置：在行为动词前或后；在所修饰的形容词、副词、句子之前；enugh放在所修饰的形容词或副词, 的后面；频度副词常放在be动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。,搭配特别的形容词和副词：a heavy rain大雨；rain heavily下大雨；a sund sleep酣睡)),\a\vs4\al(比较等级)\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(两者\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(相同：as＋原级＋as...：He gets up as early as I.他和我起得一样早。,不如：nt as＋原级＋as...：He desn’t get up as early as I.他不如我起得早。,超越：比较级＋than...：He gets up earlier than anyne else in his class.他比班里其他人都起得早。)),多者：最高级：Li Ming is the mst hard－wrking student in his class.李明是他班里最努力的学生。,固定句式\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(：He is mre a writer than a teacher.与其说他是老师，还不如说他是作家。,否定式＋比较级：I culdn’t agree mre with the writer.我非常同意作者的观点。,the＋比较级，the＋比较级：The harder yu wrk，the better result yu’ll get.越努力成绩越好。,比较级＋比较级：We are becming richer and richerＷ.我们变得越来越富裕。,n ：He is n mre hard－wrking than Tm.他和汤姆一样不努力。)),倍数表达\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(倍数＋：This new rad is three times as wide as the ld ne.新路是旧路的三倍宽。,倍数＋比较级＋than...：This new rad is three times wider than the ld ne.,倍数＋the＋名词＋f...：This new rad is three times the width f the ld ne.)),固定短语：mre r less或多或少；what’s mre再者；mre than多于，很；less than少于))))
1.朗读下列句子，看看形容词可作哪些成分。
(1)Abraham Lincln was a self－made man.林肯是一个自学成才的人。
(2)He was s tired that he fell asleep sitting in his chair.
他太累了，坐在椅子上睡着了。
(3)Martin fund the wrk slightly dull.马丁发现这工作稍稍有点枯燥。
(4)I have smething imprtant t tell yu.我有重要的事情要告诉你。
2.看看副词在句中作状语，可修饰哪些词。
(1)He said quite psitively that he wuld cme.他很肯定地说他会来。
(2)It’s simply wnderful t see yu！看到你太好了！
(3)I heard pretty clearly then.我当时听得相当清楚。
(4)Yur cat is just behind the dr.你的上衣正好在门后面。
(5)Frankly，I am nt satisfied with yur wrk.坦白说，我对你的工作不满意。
1.(1)定语 (2)表语 (3)宾补 (4)后置定语
2.(1)修饰动词 (2)修饰形容词
(3)修饰另一副词 (4)修饰介词短语 (5)修饰句子
Ⅰ.单句填空(用所给单词的正确形式填空)
1.Yu are driving t fast.Can yu drive a bit mre slwly(slwly)?
2.Thse wh have mre(much) mney than sense may smetimes act flishly.
3.Ten years ag the ppulatin f ur village was twice as large(large) as that f theirs.
4.The new grup f students is better－behaved than the ther grup wh stayed here earlier(early).
5.The meln the Smiths served at dinner wuld have tasted better(gd) if it had been put in the fridge fr a little while.
6.Speaking f all the sngs he has written, I think this is prbably his best－knwn(well－knw) ne.
7.Of the tw cats, I’d chse the cheaper(cheap) ne t spare sme mney fr a bk.
8.Wrk gets dne mre easily(easily) when peple d it tgether, and the rewards are higher t.
9.This washing machine is envirnmentally friendly because it uses less(little) water and electricity than lder(ld) mdels.
10.I dn’t think this film is by far the mst bring.I have seen wrse(bad).
Ⅱ.单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)
1.Different peple have different attitudes t the value f hnesty.In my pinin, nthing culd be imprtant.在be后加mre
2.Althugh he was seriusly injured in the devastating earthquake, he recvered mre faster than anyne else in Wenchuan Red Crss Hspital.去掉faster前的mre
3.My belved mther bught sme articles f furniture in the secnd－hand market at an extremely lw price, but they all lk well.well→gd
4.Fast & Furius 7 is by far the exciting film that I have ever seen.在the后加mst
5.In spite f the fact that he gt the task in the last minute, he accmplished it as better as thers.better→well
6.The number f turists paying a visit t Tai Muntain was small last year, but there seems t be even few turists arund this year.few→fewer
7.In the distance appeared a figure wh I thught was prfessr Wang.Hwever, when he came clse t me, I fund he was prfessr Li.clse→clser
8.If they had gt t the statin five minutes early, they wuld have caught the first train bund fr Panyu Square.early→earlier
9.I can’t understand what yu said just nw.Can yu speak a bit slwly？在slwly前加mre
10.Of all the participants, Martha Berry wrks hard.hard→hardest
11.He is a heavily smker.heavily→heavy
12.She lks happily.happily→happy
13.I find it easily t get n with her.easily→easy
14.Yu must wrk much mre careful.careful→carefully
15.Being a student, he was natural interested in museums.natural→naturally
16.All f them are wrking extreme well.extreme→extremely
17.Hpeful, we’ll meet again n Thursday.Hpeful→Hpefully
18.He is bad in need f mney.bad→badly
Ⅲ.语篇填空(在空格处填入1个适当的词或用所给词的正确形式填空，可根据汉语提示完成英语短文。)
I dn’t think it 1. (difficulty) t learn English well, because as lng as yu wrk hard, yu can learn it well.I believe that the 2. (hard) yu wrk at yur study, the better yu can learn it.Fr example，Li Ping, a friend f 3. ， is the 4. hard－wrking student in ur class, and he gets 5. (high) marks than any ther student in ur class in every English test.6. (lead) by him, all the students in ur class are studying English 7. (越来越努力).As a result, in the latest English test, ur class was the 8. (gd) f the tw key classes in ur schl，and the number f students wh gt excellent marks is 9. (两倍大) that f the ther.Therefre，10. f us shuld study hard n matter what we learn.
【语篇导读】 本文论述了只要努力学习就能学好的观点。
1.difficult [作宾补要用形容词。]
2.harder [是“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句型，表示“越……就越……”。]
3.mine [指my friends。]
4.mst [in ur class表示范围，故要用最高级。]
5.higher [由than可知要用比较级，本句是用比较级表示最高级的句型。]
6.Led [“在他的带领下”，用－ed形式作状语，表示原因。]
7.harder and harder [表示“越来越”，用“比较级＋比较级”。]
8.better [表示“两者中较……的那一个”，用the＋比较级＋f the tw。]
9.twice as large as/twice larger than [倍数表达法。]
10.all [指“我们所有的人”都应努力学习。]
第二课时 高考研究课
形容词和副词在语法填空中的考查点
规律方法
1.根据形容词和副词的句法功能填出所给词的正确词性。
2.根据以下信息正确写出形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
①根据比较级的关键词than确定使用比较级；
②句中虽然没有“than...”结构，但暗含比较的意味，也用比较级；
③有些句型结构，如“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”中使用比较级。
真题验证1
1.Steam engines were used t pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant fr the passengers，with all the smke and nise.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案 fairly [此处需要用副词来修饰形容词unpleasant。]
2.The Central Lndn Railway was ne f the mst (success) f these new lines，and was pened in 1900.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案 successful [句意：伦敦中央地铁是这些新地铁线中最成功的线路之一。根据句意以及空格前的the mst可知，此处是the mst＋多音节形容词构成最高级，故填successful。]
3.As a result，peple will eat mre fd t try t make up fr that smething missing.Even (bad), the amunt f fast fd that peple eat ges up.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案 wrse [even修饰比较级，even wrse表示“更糟糕的是”。]
4.Hwever, be (care) nt t g t extremes.Like anything，it is pssible t have t much f bth, which is nt gd fr the health.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案 careful [此处表示“小心不要走极端”。根据句意和be可知后面用形容词careful。]
5.It is (certain)fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
答案 certainly [此处应该使用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词is。]
6.If yu feel stressed by respnsibilities at wrk, yu shuld take a step back and identify (识别) thse f (great) and less imprtance.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案 greater [由后面less可知此处应该填入great的比较级。]
7.Finally, that hard wrk paid ff and nw the water in the river is (clean) than ever.(全国卷Ⅰ)
答案 cleaner [句中than为比较级的标志词。]
8.The (hard) yu try t beat him, the mre likely yu will get hit.He cntrls yu！(辽宁卷)
答案 harder [the mre...意为：越……，越……。]
形容词和副词在短文改错中的考查点
规律方法
真题验证2
1.In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, which is n the rftp f their huse.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案 interesting→interested [interesting有趣的；interested对……感兴趣的，修饰人。be interested in对……感兴趣。]
2.They ften get up earlier and water the vegetables tgether.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案 earlier→early [此处没有比较的意思，所以不用比较级。]
3.Beside, they ften get sme useful infrmatin frm the Internet.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
答案 Beside→Besides [句意：此外，他们还经常从网上获取一些有用的信息。介词beside意为：在……旁边；副词besides意为：此外。]
4.I was s much nervus that I culd hardly tell which directin was left.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案 去掉much [，表示“如此……以至于……”。s修饰后面的形容词nervus，所以much多余。]
5.A few minutes late, the instructr asked me t stp the car.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案 late→later [时间段＋late表示“迟到多长时间”；时间段＋later表示“多久之后”。此处表示“几分钟后，教练让我把车停下来”。]
6.It was a relief and I came t a suddenly stp just in the middle f the rad.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案 suddenly→sudden [此处需要形容词修饰后面的名词stp，表示“突然停止”。]
7. I enjyed studying different kinds f cars and planes, playing pp music, and cllecting the late music albums.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
答案 late→latest [根据句意可知，此处应该表示“最近的，最新的”，故使用形容词latest。]
8.The teenage years frm 13 t 19 were the mst difficult time fr me.They were als the best and wrse years in my life.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
答案 wrse→wrst [由前面the best可知，此处应该使用最高级。]
第三课时 写作增分课
形容词和副词在写作中的增分点
一、正确使用形容词和副词写对句子
1.那天我病得很厉害，不幸的是，爸爸也不在家。(seriusly, ill, unfrtunately)
I was seriusly ill that day, but unfrtunately, Dad wasn’t at hme.
2.又惊又怕，他不知道该怎么办。(frightened, surprised, at a lss, what t d)
Frightened and surprised, he was at a lss what t d.
3.终于，我们到家了，又累又饿。(hungry, tired)
At last, we arrived hme, hungry and tired.
4.唱歌可以使人放松，帮助减轻压力。(sing sngs, relaxing, reduce stress)
Singing sngs is relaxing, which can help reduce stress.
5.他是一个如此害羞的男孩以至于他不能忍受在全班同学面前说话。(s shy, by, that, can’t stand ding, in frnt f the class)
He is s shy a by that he can’t stand speaking in frnt f the class.
二、利用靓点词汇增加句子魅力
1.形容词：enugh→adequate; useful→available; difficult→challenging; prper→apprpriate; imprtant→vital/significant; interesting→absrbing/striking/appealing
2.副词：finally→eventually; hardly→barely; immediately→in a flash; nwadays→currently
1.在随后的三年里，我们的学校生活将会是具有挑战性的。
In the cming three years，ur schl life will be challenging.
2.这种现象会引发对环境保护问题看法的重大改变。
This phenmenn may lead t significant changes twards envirnmental prtectin.
3.最终，你的孩子会离开家，作为一个完全独立的成年人过她自己的生活。
Eventually yur child will leave hme t lead her wn life as a fully independent adult.
三、遣词造句中巧用形容词和副词
1.利用likely表示“可能性”：be likely t d; It is likely that...
2.利用beneficial表示有“好处”：be beneficial t
3.利用particularly，especially表示强调
1.如果你们来到我们学校，很可能会遇到生活中的一些难题。
If yu cme t ur schl, yu are likely t meet sme difficult prblems in yur life.
2.按照我的观点，我们的图书馆应该购置一些科普类和文学类图书，因为它们对我们大有益处。
Frm my pint f view, ur library shuld buy sme ppular science bks and literary bks because they are beneficial t us.
3.现在你如果问我长大想干什么，我会毫不犹豫地回答：我想当一名老师，尤其是当一名英语老师！
Nw if yu ask me what I want t be when I grw up, I will say withut hesitatin that I want t be a teacher, particularly an English teacher!
四、正确使用比较级、最高级写句子
1.说起来容易做起来难。(than, carry ut)
It’s easier said than carried ut.
2.现在，学好英语是你们最重要的事情。(at the mment, learn English well, by far, fr yu)
At the mment, learning English well is by far the mst imprtant thing fr yu.
3.我听说你上周病了。你现在好一点了吗？(be ill, any better)
I hear that yu were ill last week.Are yu any better nw?
4.去北京的这次旅行真是妙极了。我从来没有经历过比这更有趣、更令人兴奋的旅行。(the tur t, was fantastic, experience)
The tur t Beijing was fantastic.I had never experienced a mre interesting and exciting ne.
5.在全身心投入之后，他发现学英语越来越有趣，他的英语成绩也越来越好。(put ne’s heart int, find, get better)
After putting his heart int it, he finds learning English mre and mre interesting and his English is getting better and better.
五、正确使用倍数表达法写句子
1.现在这个城市的人口是十年前的十倍。(the ppulatin, as large as)
Nw, the ppulatin f the city is ten times as large as it was ten years ag.
2.这种车的速度将比现在最快的车快两倍。(kind, fast)
This kind f car will be twice faster than the fastest car nw.
3.新机场将是现在机场的三倍大。(airprt, the size f, present)
The new airprt will be three times the size f the present ne.
4.我们学校的校园是十年前的两倍大。(the size f, the schlyard, twice, what it was)
The size f the schlyard f ur schl is twice what it was ten years ag.
比较等级的错用
1.表示二者比较用比较级；表示三者或三者以上比较用最高级；
2.充分利用语境所提供的信息，如上下文中的比较等级，语境中所做比较的范围；不该使用比较级等；
3.牢记常见没有比较等级的形容词和副词。
词性错用
混淆形容词和副词的句法功能
意近引起的错用
有些形容词或副词意思相近但不能混用。
赘词
受汉语的影响在某些结构中增加了不必要的形容词或副词