非谓语动词基础版用法 学案 2022届高考英语一轮复习
展开非谓语专项 基础篇
温故知新
简单句:有且只能有一个谓语
考查知识点
谓语 do
时态语态
非谓语
to do doing done 无时态语态
非谓语( 一个简单句中另一个动词 ) 能做谓语以外的其他成分 主语 宾语 表语 宾语补足语 定语 状语( 根据不同成分 时态 语态形式含义 搭配 选用不同形式进行连接)
温故知新
一、用正确形式填空 简单句 谓语 非谓语
谓语
1.Alan _______ to Joe's house to talk about their topics.
A. go B. goes C. going
2.It __________ apples and bananas.
A. like B. likes C. don't like
成分 (以宾语为例)
3. Do your friends ________maps? My friends _enjoy___________maps.
A. enjoys collecting B. enjoy collecting C. enjoy to collect
【答案】 B
【详解】
陈述句:My friends____________maps. 又因为一般疑问用Do 所以时态 一般现在时 简单句 所以排除 A
“My friends” 主语 “enjoy” 谓语 缺宾语 后面又接的是动词 一个简单句中只能有一个谓语enjoy 接 动词 ,动词需要用 非谓语形式作宾语 由已学搭配可知 enjoy doing 那么也就是 enjoy 后接非谓语 doing 作宾语。
变式:My friends enjoy __________(collect) maps.
“__________ ” 处所缺成分________.
“enjoy”是句子的_____________.
A. 谓语 B.主语 C.宾语 D.表语
回顾课本必修一 第一单元 选择性必修三 五六单元
Making music is a job.
1. 句子成分
主+谓
主+谓+宾
主+系+表
主+谓+直宾+间宾
主+谓+宾+宾补
1.________(母亲) Day is in May, too. (主语 )
2.My brother usually ________(步行) to school. (谓语 )
3.These ________(婴儿) are crying. Please take good care of them. (主语 )
4.In the evening ,I l________a candle. (谓语 )
5.________ (打开) it and see, please. (谓语 )
巩固练习
6.The sentence structure of “He lent me a book.” is ______ (lend sb.sth.)
A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+P
【答案】B
【详解】
考查句子结构。句意:“他借给我一本书”的句子结构是……He是主语,lent是谓语,me是间接宾语,a book是直接宾语,因此句子结构是S+V+IO+DO。故选B。
7.Analyze the structure of the following sentence: “We should keep the classroom clean and tidy.”
A.SV (主+谓) B.SVO (主+谓+宾) C.SVIO DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾) D.SVOC (主+谓+宾+宾补)
【答案】D
【详解】
考查基本句型和句子成分。句意:分析以下句子的结构:“我们应该保持教室干净整洁。”分析句子可知,“We”作主语,“should keep”作谓语,“the classroom”作宾语,“clean and tidy”作宾语补足语,句子为“SVOC (主+谓+宾+宾补)”结构。故选D项。
8.William Tyndale wrote the Bible in English so all could read it.
A.adverbial B.subject C.predicate D.attribute
【答案】B
【详解】
考查句子成分。句意:威廉·廷代尔用英语写了《圣经》,以便所有人都能读到。A. adverbial状语;B. subject主语;C. predicate谓语;D. attribute定语。分析句子可知,so连接并列句,all是后一分句的主语。故选B。
9.The International Day of Families, which was set by the United Nations in 1993, is held on 15 May every year.
A.predicative B.object C.predicate D.object complement
【答案】C
【详解】
考查句子成分。句意:联合国于1993年确定的国际家庭日每年5月15日举行。A.predicative表语;B. object宾语;C. predicate谓语;D. object complement宾语补足语。分析句子可知which was set by the United Nations in 1993是定语从句修饰主语The International Day of Families,句子是一般现在时的被动语态,划线词is held是谓语动词,时间状语是on 15 May every year。故选C。
10.Today, American English is in common international use.
A.adverbial B.object C.predicative D.predicate
【答案】C
【详解】
考查句子成分。句意:今天,美式英语在国际上普遍使用。A. adverbial状语;B. object宾语;C. predicative表语;D. predicate谓语。American English为句子主语,画线部分在句中作表语。故选C。
11.Many people grow their own tea gardens.
A.adverbial B.object C.subject D.predicate
【答案】D
【详解】
考查句子成分。句意:很多人种他们自己的茶园。A.adverbial 状语。B.object宾语C.subject主语D.predicate谓语。本句是主谓宾的结构。主语是many people,grow是谓语动词,是主语发出的动作,宾语是gardens。故选D项。
12.Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.
A.subject B.predicate C.attribute D.appositive
【答案】D
【详解】
考查句子结构。句意:我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。分析句子可知,our new teacher是对主语Mr. Smith身份的进一步说明和解释,与主语互为同位关系,因此在本句中充当同位语(appositive)。故选D项。
13.If you feel like you have problems that you can't solve, you will make yourself miserable.
A.adverbial B.attribute C.object D.object complement
【答案】B
【详解】
考查句子成分。句意:如果你觉得自己有无法解决的问题,你会让自己痛苦的。A.adverbial 状语;B.attribute定语;C.subject主语;D.object complement宾语补足语。分析句子可知,划线部分是定语从句,作定语修饰problems。故选B。
2. 连词成句 成分排序
6. tenth, is, the, October, month(.) (连词成句)
The tenth month is October.
7. back, go, school, to, Children, September, in(.) (连词成句)
Children go back to school in September.
8. enjoys , spring, the, Everyone(.) (连词成句)
Everyone enjoy the spring.
9. May, June, after, comes(.) (连词成句)
June comes after June.
10. is, too, Father's Day, June, in(.) (连词成句)
Father’s Day is in June ,too.
11.get, eggs, During, children, colourful, Easter(.) (连词成句)
Children get colourful eggs during Easter.
新知讲解
非谓语
定义:是在一个简单句中不充当谓语的动词,即动词的非谓语形式,包括:不定式 to do ,动名词(-ing),分词(-ing/done)
Ps 能充当的成分 主语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语
问:那么 to do 动名词 分词 分别可以做哪些成分呢?
分析:不定式既有名词的作用,又兼有形容词、副词的作用,能作除谓语之外的所有成分。
分词只有形容词、副词作用 动名词只有名词的
答:to do 可以做任何成分 动名词 doing 主语 宾语 表语 定语 分词 doing/done 定语 状语 宾语 表语
如下表:
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
To do
√
√
√
√
√
√
动名词(doing)
√
√
√
√
分词(doing/done)
√
√
√
√
由此可知 非谓语难点在于:
1. 辨析句子 是否是简单句
2. 简单句是否需要非谓语
3. 非谓语所做成分
4. 均可做同一成分不同形式的区别
通过“温故知新”完成1.2;
通过上表可以清楚分析出成分,完成3;
那么,如何分析4呢?
接下来我们来讲解不同形式做成分的用处并辨析;
To do
主动
被动
一般式
to do
to be done
进行式
to be doing
完成式
to have done(主)
to have been done(被)
否定式
not to...
句法功能
主语 (主要考形式主语)
☛To see is to believe.
☛It is ...to do
宾语 (只能接to do 做宾语)
Officials declined to give details
动词+不定式
He managed to escape from the fire.
I find it hard to get along with him.(it 作形式宾语)
Fail (未能),afford,seek(寻找),claim,pretend ,seem/appear(似乎),happen,tend,long(渴望),choose,guarantee(保证),undertake(承诺干...),bother(麻烦),intend/mean(打算),desire(渴望),manage(成功干了)
动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词,作宾语。
I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.
I can’t decide when to go there.
Why 开头时去掉to
It 作形式宾语
注意:不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后,用it 作形式宾语。如:
I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.
Ps:介词后常常接动名词形式作宾语,但介词but/except后接不定式作宾语,且前有实义动词do时,不定式就要省略to。
表语(解释说明)
My wish/goal/aim/purpose/target/ambition is ___to change_______the world.
定语 (表将来)
The issue __________ is rather tricky.
1.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或any,the only等限定的中心词时,常用不定式作定语。
2.当被修饰词为特定名词时常用不定式作定语,常见的名词有decision,wish,chance,plan,time,effort,ability,attempt等。
He has the ability to speak English fluently. 他能流利地说英语。
The ability to be clearly heard is extremely important for newsreaders. 声音宏亮清晰对新闻广播员来说极为重要。
The ability ______ an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed
状语 (表目的)
He raised his voice so as _to make_______himself heard.
动词不定式作状语,其中的动词和主句的主语之间要形成主谓关系:
1.目的状语
动词不定式作目的状语常用的形式:to do,so as to,in order to等。
Stop turning (your heads) round to look at people.
别再(把头)扭过去看人。
The Government set up a working party to look into the problem.
政府成立了工作组调查那个问题。
2.结果状语
不定式作结果状语,多表示出乎意料的结果,有时前面加only ,以加强语气;还常用在too...to,enough...to,so...as to 等结构中。
3.原因状语
不定式作原因状语,一般位于表示心理活动或情绪的形容词后面,说明产生这种情绪的原因。这类形容词主要有:happy,excited,surprised,frightened,shocked,glad,delighted 等。
宾语补足语
Tom’s father intends___________lawyer. (intend sb to do)
动词+宾语+不定式(to do )。
He warned me to be careful.
I want you to speak to Tom.
注:可以用动词不定式做宾补的动词有:ask, tell, order ,want ,get, would like, like, advise, invite, allow, help, wish,warn, expect, prefer, encourage
表见解、看法的动词结构可为:动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。如:
We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
The book is believed to be useful.(被动语态)
There +不定式。
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
(1)I’ve never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall.
我从未想到墙上会有幅画。
(2)I expect there to be many chances for her to get a job.
我希望她有很多机会找到工作。
(3)There being ice on the road,I told the driver to slow down.
路上有冰,我让司机减速慢行。
(4)There having been no water for two days,the travelers were all very thirsty.
已经两天都没有水了,所有游客都非常渴。
注意:(1)有些动词需用 as 短语作补语,像regard, think, believe, take, consider。如:
We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。
Mary took him as her father. 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
(2)在动词feel (一感),hear, listen to(二听),have, let, make(三让),notice, see, watch, observe, look at(五看)(即:吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中,不定式不带to,但变为被动语态后,必须带to.
They saw the boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree.
Ps help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to.
I often help him (to)clean the room.
I helped him (to) find his things.
Allow permit forbid prohibit instruct beg remind intend urge request
ask, tell, order ,want ,get, would like, like, advise, invite, allow, help, wish,warn, expect, prefer, encourage
要点提醒
分析过程 (以宾语为例)
1. 先确定简单句;(考查部分为简单句)
2. 再看有无谓语;有谓语考查非谓语 没有谓语则是考查谓语 ;
3. 确定考查非谓语后确定成分(以动词为界线观察);
4. 确定成分宾语之后 观察 表格能做宾语的非谓语 有 to do 动名词(-ing)两种;
5. 区分动词后是用to do 还是 doing ;还是都可以 需要根据句意辨析
6. 区分方法动词接doing 做宾语 ;动词接to do做宾语 即可 .
由上可知,哪些动词接to do
那么哪些动词接动名词呢?我们接下来看~
3. 动名词
动名词
主动语态
被动语态
与谓语动词的关系
一般式
Doing
Being done
与谓语动作同时发生
完成式
Having doing
Having been done
动作发生在谓语动作之前
否定式
Not ...
1) 作主语
Travelling in space by ordinary citizens will be common.
形式主语
It is a waste of time doing sth.
It is no good /no use doing...
It is no pleasure doing...
用倒装句 There be 句型 动名词作主语
There is no need doing sth.
There is no sense in doing sth.
There is no use in doing sth.
There is nothing worse than doing sth.
2) 作表语
动名词作表语相当于名词,用于解释主语的内容,表语和主语常常可以互换位置。
My job is teaching English.
☛Teaching English is my job.
3) 作宾语
动词作谓语可以接宾语;介词后也可以接宾语
只能接doing作宾语
Consider,suggest,advise,excuse,admit,delay,put off,fancy,avoid,miss,keep,practise,deny,finish,
enjoy,appreciate,forbid,imagine,risk,can’t help,mind,allow,permit,escape...
介词后接doing作宾语
Get used/accustomed to,lead to ,go back to,be devoted to,stick to,object to,get down to,pay attention to,can’t stand ,give up,feel like,insist on,
IT形式宾语
s+v+it+n/adj+doing sth(it作形式宾语)
I consider it a waste of time arguing about it.
☛He insisted on seeing us home.
他坚持看我们的家。
☛They all objected to putting the meeting off.
所有的人对法对取消会议。
S+have+n(difficulty/trouble/problem/a good time/a hard time/fun)+(in)+doing sth/with sth
☛I have some difficulty (in) finishing my work in time.
在及时完成家庭作业方面我有困难。
4) 作定语(表用途)
a swimming pool = a pool for swimming
a walking stick 拐杖 = a stick for walking
a sleeping bag 睡袋 = a sleeping bad
既能to do,又能接doing(区分根据上文句意 )
mean
forget
remember
regret
try
go on
stop
can’t help
(1)Remember to turn off the lights before you go to bed.
临睡前记着关灯。
(2)I remember reading about the earthquake in the papers.
我记得在报纸上看到过关于这次地震的消息。
辨析
He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.
A. doing B. to do C. being doing D. to be done
【陷阱】容易误选A,根据 can’t help doing sth 这一结构推出。
【分析】其实答案应选B。比较以下结构:
can’t help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事,情不自禁地做某事
不能帮助表示没做过,禁不住做了表示做过
又如下面一题:
She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. being cleaned
【答案】 B
再请看以下试题:
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
【答案】C
【解析】句中的 can’t help 意为“禁不住”(注意根据句意用被动形式)。
分词
分词 doing
主动语态
被动语态
与谓语动词的关系
一般式
Doing
Being done
与谓语动作同时发生
完成式
Having doing
Having been done
动作发生在谓语动作之前
否定式
Not ...
分词 done
被动 完成
否定式
Not ...
分词作定语(修饰名词或者代词 类比定语从句)
前置定语
后置定语
falling leaves 落叶(正在落下) developing countries发展中国家
fallen leaves 落叶(在地上的) developed countries 发达国家
boiled water 开水 the rising sun 上升的太阳
boiling water 沸水 the risen sun 升起的太阳
doing
干…的
being done
在被…的
done
被…的
注:having… 不能作定语
(1)This is a problem discussed yesterday.
这是一个已讨论过的问题。
(2)This is a problem being discussed now.
=This is a problem which is being discussed now.
这是一个正在被讨论的问题。
(3)This is a problem to be discussed tomorrow.
=This is a problem which is to be discussed tomorrow.
具有adj 性质的 -ing 令人…
-ed 感到…
Surprised/surprising; terrifying/terrified; satisfied/satisfying;
annoyed/annoying; disgusted/disgusting; upset/upsetting;
Interested/interesting; disappointed/disappointing;
Ps 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽
不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人有关。
The boy looked up with a pleased expression.那男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。
He spoke with a frightened look.他说话时显得非常恐惧。
分词作状语
分词 doing
主动语态
被动语态
与谓语动词的关系
一般式
Doing
Being done
与谓语动作同时发生
完成式
Having doing
Having been done
动作发生在谓语动作之前
否定式
Not ...
分词 done
被动 完成
否定式
Not ...
分词作状语,其逻辑主语与句子的主语必须一致.与主句有逻辑关系,相当于一个从句。
分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随或方式、目的等
伴随
The guest entered the office and were accompanied by the manager.
☛The guest entered the office, accompanied by the manager.
Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks even more beautiful.
从山顶上看,这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语the park之间存在动宾关系)
分词作状语,其逻辑主语与句子的主语必须一致
To get an education, _________.
A.working hard is very important B.working hard is needed
C.one must work hard D.it is needed to work hard
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词用法。本题中使用了to get an education这个不定式的形式,说明不定式的逻辑主语一定要是句子的主语,四个选项中只有C项的主语是人。句意:为了得到教育,人们必须努力。故C正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词用法
点评:本题重在理解非谓语动词的用法,非谓语动词是高考语法点的重中之重。把握好以下的知识:to do 表目的、将来;doing 表主动、伴随;done表被动、完成。
同时答题步骤为:1.判断是否为非谓语动词,看是否有连词。2.找逻辑主语。3.判断逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系。4.看是否非谓语动词动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,如果是之前,就用完成式的形式。
某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,此时这些过去分词表示一种状态。
be seated
seat oneself
Be crossed
cross oneself
be hidden
hide oneself
be lost in
Lost oneself
be dressed in
dress oneself/sb
be exposed to 接触
expose sth to
be faced/confronted with 面对…
face/confront sth 面对…
be addicted to上瘾
addict oneself to
be devoted/committed to
be devoted to…
The mother was away for a while,leaving the baby seated on the ground alone.
Absorbed in his book,he didn’t notice me enter the room.
专心于读书,他没注意到我进入房间。
宾补
see/watch/observe/notice/hear/feel/find(发现)
+sb/sth
do (全过程)
ddoing 在…
being done 正在被…
ddone 被…
make
+sb/sth
do 让…做
done 让… 被做
let
do 让…做…
be done 让… 被做
get
to do 让…做…
done 让…被做…
doing 让…开始...起
have
do 让…做…
done 让…被做…
doing 让...一直...
keep
doing 让...做...
done让...被…
Catch/spot
doing 撞见某人正在做...
With复合结构
with+宾语+
注意:在with复合结构中用现在分词还是过去分词,取决于宾语与其后的成分之间的逻辑关系。
(1)With the meeting over, all the people left the room.
会议结束后,所有人都离开了房间。
(2)With a lot of difficult problems to settle, I cannot go out with you.
有很多工作要做,我不能和你一起出去了。
(3)With so many people looking at me, I felt nervous.
这么多人看着我,我感到很紧张。
(4)With a lot of difficult problems settled, the manager felt very pleased.
许多难题解决了,经理感到很满意。
独立主格
分词主语+ doing/done/ to do(要…) /介/adv
He being absent, nothing could be done.
无被动情况
1.系动词无被动
①感官类系动词:look, seem, appear, feel, sound, taste, smell
②变化类系动词:become, turn, come, go, fall, get
③保持证明类系动词:stay, keep, be, remain, prove, turn out
2. 主动表被动
rite, read, sell, wear, wash, open, shut等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性,多用于“动词+副词/形容词/to be”结构,常用主动形式表被动意义。
The pen writes well.
3. 不用被动
某些不及物动词)短语,本身表被动含义,所以它们常用主动形式。如happen, occur, exist,come out出版, come into being产生, come about发生, break out爆发, belong to属于, date from=date back to追溯到, arise from由……引起, run out用光等。
The house belonging to an old lady is in good condition.
.The Chinese ________ fifty-six nationalities, each of whom has their own characteristics.
A.is consisted of B.consists in
C.is made up D.consists of
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:考查动词词组搭配;consists of,由……组成,且不用于被动语态和进行时态,这里B选项is made up需加上of才行。句意:中国由56个名族组成,每个名族都有他们自己的特色。故选D。
考点:考查动词词组搭配
Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it ________ easily.
A.won’t wash out B.won’t be washed out
C.isn’t washed out D.isn’t washing out
【答案】A
【详解】
考查时态和主动表被动(固定用法)。句意:小心! 别把墨水泼到你的衬衫上,它将很难洗掉。根据语境,前面部分为祈使句“别把墨水泼到你的衬衫上”,其后接原因,常使用一般将来时,表示“如果泼了,将很难洗掉”,是对未来情况的一种预测;固定短语wash out表示“(颜色或污渍)可洗掉”,其不使用被动语态,而采用主动表被动的用法。综上,仅有A选项符合时态和语态这两个条件,故选A。
-What do you think of the movie Avatar? - Interesting. It is ________ again.
A.worth watching B.worth to watch C.worth to be watched D.worth being watched
【答案】A
【详解】
考查“主动形式表达被动含义”的语法点与固定用法。句意:--你觉得电影《阿凡达》怎么样?--很有趣,值得再看一遍。be worth doing为固定用法,表示“值得做某事”,此处doing为主动形式,但表达被动含义,电影值得“被看”,却使用现在分词watching而不使用watched,综上,根据be worth doing的结构,本题选A。
The employee you have been thinking highly ________ dishonest.
A.of proving B.of proves C.of to prove D.of being proved
【答案】B
【详解】
考查固定短语和主动表被动。句意:你评价很高的那个雇员证明是不诚实的。分析句子结构可知,you have been thinking highly为定语从句,修饰名词The employee,think highly of为固定短语,意为“高度评价”,去掉定语从句以后句子为The employee _______dishonest,prove应用主动表被动,“sth. prove+形容词”意为“某物被证明是......”,句子时态为一般现在时,主语The employee是单数,因此prove用第三人称单数,空格处为of proves,故选B。
Mr. Smith stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one ________.
A.blamed B.blaming C.to blame D.to be blamed
【答案】C
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意:格林先生站出来保护16岁的孩子,说他不应该受到责备。短语be to blame“应受责备”,习惯上直接用主动式表示被动意义,此处去掉be作后置定语。故选C。
—The dish you cooked _________ so good! I want to have more.
—Glad to hear that! I’ll get you some more right now.
A.looks B.sounds C.sees D.tastes
【答案】D
【详解】
考查感官动词时态和语态。句意:——你做的饭尝起来真好吃!我想再吃点。——听到你这么说我很开心!我马上给你再拿点。A.looks 看起来;B.sounds听起来;C.sees 看见;D.tastes尝起来。分析句子成分可知,空格处应填谓语动词,主语为The dish,表语为so good,可知,空格处应填系动词表示“尝起来”且以主动表被动。故选D。
The National Stadium which looks very magnificent ________ 258,000 square meters in area.
A.is measuring B.is measured C.measured D.measures
【答案】D
【详解】
考查语态。句意:国家体育场占地25.8万平方米,看起来非常壮观。根据上文“The National Stadium which looks very magnificent”可知用一般现在时,measure为描述状态的不及物动词,需用主动表被动。故选D。
The problems to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow are really hard ________.
A.to be solved B.solved C.solving D.to solve
【答案】D
The needle treatment ______ the ancient times has cured many diseases.
A.dated back to B.dated from
C.that dated back to D.that dates from
【答案】D
【详解】
考查定语从句和时态。句意:针疗可以追溯到古代,已经治愈了许多疾病。此处短语date from/date back to表示“追溯到”,treatment是先行词,在定语从句中做主语,追溯通常要用一般现在时,因为它表示从现在往过去追溯是一般现在时,可以排除A.B.C。故选D。
独立结构
generally/ Frankly speaking,一般来说/坦率地说,
judging from, 从…来判断
allowing for…, 考虑到…; 鉴于…
considering/Given…, 鉴于,考虑到…
taking …into consideration, 全面来看
=All taken into consideration,
6.to be honest=honestly speaking
7.to start with 首先…
8.to tell the truth,说实话;
9.Believe it or not,信不信由你
10.to make things worse
补充 高频固定结构中的非谓语结构:
1.be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事
2.There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事
3.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花多少时间做某事
4.be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事
5.spend money/time (in) doing sth. 花费金钱或时间做某事
6.have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
7.prevent/stop...(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事
8.do some doing go+doing
9.sb. be thought to...某人被认为……
总结: 非谓语有时间性,需要在句子中寻找线索。
① 对于非谓语部分的习题,应先分析句子结构,
确定非谓语所充当的成分;
② 找准非谓语的逻辑主语,确定主被动关系;
搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语的恰当的形式。
逻辑主语如何找
总结:
非谓做主语,简单句缺主语
非谓做定语,其逻辑主语为其所修饰的名词。
非谓做状语,其逻辑主语为主句的主语。
非谓做宾语,其逻辑主语为句子的主语。
非谓做宾语补足语,其逻辑主语为宾语。
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