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2020高考英语新增分方案大一轮复习外研新课改省份专用讲义：选修8Module1DeepSouth
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Module 1 Deep South
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．gravity n． 重力，地心引力
2．commercial adj. 商业的
3．intense adj. 强烈的
4．radioactive adj. (具有)放射性的
5．portable adj. 轻便的；便携的
6．isolated adj. 孤单的，孤立的
7．luxury n. 奢侈品
8．canteen n. (工厂学校等的)食堂，餐厅
9．laundry n. 待洗的衣物
10．conventional adj. 常规的；普通的
11．fragile adj. 脆弱的；易碎的
12．battery n. 电池
13．ecology n. 生态；生态学
14.inhabit v． 居住
15．insight n. 洞察力，眼光
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．annual adj. 每年的
2．state n. 状态；状况
3．adapt v. (使)适应
4．balance v. 使平衡
5．trap v. 储存，留存；使陷入困境
6．voyage n. (乘船的)旅行，航行
7．severe adj. 艰难的，艰巨的
8．dormitory n. 宿舍；寝室
9．emergency n. 紧急情况；突发事情
10．privilege n. 荣幸
11．eyesight n. 视力；目力
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．explorer n．探险者→explore v．探险/索；勘探→exploration n．探险/索；勘查
2．depth n．深度→deep adj.深的adv.深深地→deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地→deepen v．加深；深化
3．extreme adj.极端/度的→extremely adv.极端；极其
4．ceremonial adj.仪式性的；正式的→ceremony n．仪式
5．promote vt.促进，增进，提升→promotion n．促进；提升
6．abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的→normal adj.正常的
7．absence n．缺乏；没有→absent adj.缺席的；不在的
8．tiresome adj.烦人的，令人讨厌的→tired adj.厌烦的；疲倦的→tiring adj. 令人疲倦的
9．depressing adj.令人沮丧/抑郁的→depress v．使沮丧/萧条→depressed adj.沮丧的；萧条的→depression n．沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)
10．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头→discouraging adj.令人沮丧的→discouraged adj.沮丧的→discouragement n．泄气→encourage v．鼓励
11．reliability n．可靠性→reliable adj.可信赖的→rely v．依靠；信赖
12．inspiration n．鼓舞；启示；灵感→inspire v．鼓舞；激励→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
[语境活用]
1．Listening to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration.(inspire)
2．John is tired of watching the tiring soap operas on TV.He can't stand them any longer.(tire)
3．The lake is over 20 meters in depth.So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(depth)
4．With the extreme weather coming, people felt extremely cold and many got ill.(extreme)
5．On hearing the depressing news, he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression.(depress)
6．From his discouraged look, I judged he wasn't hired, which was really discouraging.But I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(discourage)
7．A team of explorers will explore the valley and the exploration will last 10 days.(explore)
8．We launched a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste, and the promotion succeeded at last.In return for our efforts, all the staff in our department were promoted.(promote)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1. set_foot_on 进入，到达，踏上
2．in_case_of 如果；假使；以免
3．on_average 平均
4．be_made_of 由……组成
5．be_fond_of 喜欢
6．stand_out 杰出；突出；引人注目
7．come_up_with 想出；提出
8．keep_one's_promise 信守诺言
1.He is an honest boy, and always keeps_his_promise.
2．They were filled with joy when they set_foot_on China soil in late July.
3．If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in_case_of emergency.
4．Since people are_fond_of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.
5．Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came_up_with a solution to it.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world.
它(南极洲)覆盖了南极周围约1 400万平方千米的面积，是世界第五大洲。
现在分词短语作伴随状语。
你每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛并准备好开始新的一天吗？
Do you wake up every morning feeling_energetic and ready to start a new day？
2.Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.
直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。
not until 置于句首引导的部分倒装句。
直到下周才会举行运动会。
Not until next week will_the_sports_meeting_be_held.
3.Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.
后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。
动词不定式作后置定语。
杰克是做这项工作的最佳人选。
Jack was the_best_man_to_do_the_job.
二、课堂重点深化
1．state n．状态；状况；国家；政府；州 v．陈述；声明
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①It is_stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)
补全句子
②In the face of failure, it is the most important to_keep_a_good_state_of_mind.
面对失败，最重要的是要保持良好的心态。
[系统归纳]
(1)in a(n) ...state＝in a state of ... 处于……的状态
a good state of health/mind 良好的健康状况/心态
(2)It is stated that ... 据说/据称……
(3)statement n. 说明；声明；陈述
make a statement 发表声明
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③(2018·江苏高考书面表达)每个判断都来自于一种特殊需要或者是一种独特的心理状态。
Every judgement comes from a specific need or a_unique_psychological_state.
僻义牢牢记
④He stated his view that developing car industry in such a rapid speed is not beneficial in the long run.陈述
2．trap v．储存，留存；使困住；使陷入圈套/困境n.陷阱；圈套
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Don't fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.
②The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) their poor quality milk.
补全句子
③Dozens of people were/got_trapped_in_the_ruins after the earthquake.
地震过后，很多人被困在了废墟中。
[系统归纳]
(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事
be/get trapped in 被困在……中，陷入困境
(2)fall into the trap (of doing sth.) 落入(做某事的)圈套
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④更糟的是，我读英语时，我经常被一些不认识的单词困住。
What's worse, when I read English, I_am_often_trapped_in_the_unknown_words.
僻义牢牢记
⑤There is plenty of water trapped in the form of ice on the large continent.储存
3．promote v．促进，增进；晋升；提升；宣传；推销
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①“Once I get a promotion (promote), I'll be happy，” they think.
②While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
补全句子
③Pupils who pass the test will_be_promoted_to the next higher grade.通过这次考试的学生将升到更高年级。
[系统归纳]
(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.
把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
promote sth.to ... 把某物推销给……
(2)promotion n. 提升，晋级，促进
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④公众的分享和关爱意识将会得到进一步提升。
The public awareness of sharing and caring is to_be_further_promoted.
僻义牢牢记
⑤We tried to promote our new products in the European market.宣传；推销
4．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头；使气馁
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We discouraged him from giving up the job last month.
②The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged (discourage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
[系统归纳]
(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.
劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心
(2)discouraged adj. 沮丧的，灰心丧气的
discouraging adj. 令人泄气的，令人沮丧的
discouragement n. 灰心丧气；挫折；阻止
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③故事的寓意是：努力获取知识，无论处境多么艰难都不要轻易气馁。
The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never_get/be_discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.
1．stand out突出，显眼
[系统归纳]
stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持
stand for 代表；主张；象征；表示；忍受
stand up 站起来；站得住脚；经得起
stand up for 支持；维护(权利)
[重点强化]
用适当的介、副词填空
①The pigeon and olive branch stand for peace.
②The hotel we stayed at during our holidays stands by the seaside.
③Everyone stood up the moment the hero came into the lecture hall.
④As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand up for the legal rights of our own in the election.
佳句时时写
⑤李老师是我们可爱的老师，他在众多老师中很突出，用他独特的教学方法给我们留下了深刻的印象。
Mr Li is our lovely teacher, who_stands_out_among_the_teachers and leaves us a deep impression with his unique method of teaching.
2．in case of如果；假使；万一；以免
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.
②The sign reads, “In case of fire, break the glass and push the red button.”
[系统归纳]
in no case 无论如何不；决不(位于句首，句子要倒装)
in case (that) ... 万一；以防……
in any case 无论如何；不管怎样
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话
as is often the case 情况往往如此
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(in case/in case of)
③Take a hat with you in_case the sun is very hot.
④The wall was built along the river in_case_of floods.
佳句时时写
⑤我们绝不能违背自然法则，否则我们将会受到惩罚。
In_no_case_can_we_go_against the law of nature, or we will get punished.
3．序数词＋(n.)＋to do ... “第……个……的……”
[教材原句] Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first_man_to_set_foot_on the Antarctic mainland.
[自主体验]
①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)In 1931, Addams became the_first_American_woman_to_win the Nobel Peace Prize.
1931年，Addams成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
②Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the_only_way_for_us_to_survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，同样，我们存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和谐相处。
③The students are looking forward to having_an_opportunity_to_explore society for reallife experience.
学生们正在盼望有机会探索社会以获得真实生活经验。
[归纳点拨]
用法
规则
(2)the only＋n.＋to do sth.唯一一个做某事的……
(3)抽象名词＋to do sth.……的……
注意
事项
动词不定式也可以用来修饰含形容词或副词的最高级的名词或代词。
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)She was the first athlete to win the gold medal in the Rio Olympic Games.
②(精彩收尾句)If I have the chance to donate, I will also help the students with financial problems.
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“自然环境”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
话题词汇记一记
子话题(一) 天气与气候
温故浅
易词汇
①climate ②mild ③breeze
④rainfall ⑤freezing ⑥below
⑦warm ⑧increase ⑨cloudy
识记生
疏词汇
①haze n．雾霾 ②mist n．薄雾
③frost n．霜 ④drizzle n．毛毛雨
⑤shower n．阵雨 ⑥damp n．&adj.潮湿(的)
⑦chilly adj.寒冷的 ⑧rainbow n．彩虹
子话题(二) 地理与活动
温故浅
易词汇
④valley ⑤desert ⑥visitor
⑦convenient ⑧research ⑨sunrise
识记生
疏词汇
①continent n．大陆，大洲 ②range n．山
③jungle n．丛林；密林 ④Antarctica n．南极洲脉
⑤expedition n．远征；探险 ⑥adventure n．冒险
⑦challenge n．挑战 ⑧transportation n．交通
常用词块忆一忆
①freezing point 冰点
②heat wave 热浪
③average temperature 平均气温
④weather forecast 天气预报
⑤be separated from ... 与……分离
⑥be located in/lie in 坐落于/位于
⑦be surrounded by 被……包围/环绕着
⑧cover an area of ... 占地面积为……
⑨take on a new look 呈现新面貌
⑩be rich in tourist attractions 旅游资源丰富
⑪places of interest 名胜古迹
⑫play an important part in 在……起着重要作用
⑬range from ...to ... 从……到……不等
写作佳句背一背
①They're going to make an expedition to the South Pole.
②In the oceans around Antarctica, the temperature of the water is extremely low, always below zero.
③Its total land area is 16,808 square kilometers, among which the mountain areas account for 52%.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
话题应用文分步写作
请根据下面的提示，以介绍“Antarctica”为主题写一篇短文。内容包括：
1．南极洲在地球的最南端；
2．它的面积大约为1 400万平方千米；
3．它是世界上最寒冷的地方，常年有冰雪覆盖；
4．它的自然资源有铁、煤等；生存的动物有企鹅、鲸等；
5．目前只有一些科学工作者居住在那里。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：企鹅penguin 海豹seal
第一步：句写对——给词写句
用方框内的词汇翻译句子)
extreme, continent, cover an area of, adapt to, mineral resource, up to now, be rich in, lie in
1．南极洲位于地球的最南端，它是世界上最寒冷的大洲。
Antarctica_lies_in_the_extreme_south_of_the_earth.It_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world.
2．它的面积大约1 400万平方千米，常年有冰雪覆盖。
It_covers_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres.It_is_covered_with_ice_and_snow_all_year_long.
3．它是一个非常富饶的大洲。
It_is_a_very_rich_continent.
4．它有很多动物如企鹅、鲸鱼和海豹。它们已经适应了那里的极端条件。
It_has_many_animals_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals.They_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
5．它有丰富的矿产资源。
It_is_rich_in_mineral_resources.
6．目前只有一些科学工作者居住在那里。
Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
7．第2句中ice前加上定语“厚厚的”，snow前加上定语“深的”。
It_covers_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres.It_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.
8．第4句中“动物”后加上定语从句“我们所熟知的”。
It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with,_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals.They_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
9．第5句后增加“包括铁、煤等等”。
It_is_rich_in_mineral_resources,_including_iron,_coal_and_so_on.
10．第6句后增加简单句“或许有一天很多的家庭将会居住在那里”。
Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.Maybe_one_day_lots_of_households_will_live_there.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．用which 引导的非限制性定语从句改写第1句。
Antarctica,_which_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world,_lies_in_the_extreme_south_of_the_earth.
2．用v.ing形式作状语改写第7句。
Covering_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres,_it_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.
3．用which 引导的非限制性定语从句改写第8句。
It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with,_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals,_which_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
根据语句间的逻辑关系，可添加过渡性词汇however，what's more连句成文。
Antarctica，which_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world,_lies_in_the_extreme_south of_the_earth.Covering_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres,_it_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.However,_it_is_a_very_rich_continent.It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with_such_as_penguins，whales_and_seals，which_have_adapted_to_its extreme_conditions.What's_more,_it_is_rich_in_mineral_resources,_including_iron,_coal_and_so_on.Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.Maybe_one_day_lots_of_households_will_live_there.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's necessary for us to keep the balance (平衡) of nature and protect the environment.
2．I hope you can adapt (适应) to the new school life as soon as possible.
3．It is important for everyone to keep good eyesight (视力)．
4．Last but not least, you need an intense (强烈的) interest in learning English.
5．I decided to buy a laptop because it is portable (便携的)．
6．I believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely (极其)important roles in modern society.
7．He came all the way to China for promoting (增进) friendship rather than for making money.
8．Black is depressing (令人沮丧的) while light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．The weather in the small island is ❶extremely (extreme) bad.The ❷absence (absent) of fresh water may get you ❸trapped (trap) if you set foot ❹on it.Any ❺explorer (explore) arriving at the island cannot survive for a week ❻before they leave by lifeboat.
2．❶Annually (annual), there are lots of reports about the increase of teenagers ❷whose eyesight is becoming worse because they are fond ❸of using electronic devices, especially the smartphones.It's high time that our government took measures to discourage them ❹from spending much time on the screens.
3．Linda is a rich young lady, who likes to make ❶voyages (voyage) to the world.Each time she comes to a new country, she buys some ❷luxuries (luxury) so that she can stand ❸out among her friends.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．莫言是中国第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。(the＋序数词＋不定式)
Mo Yan is the_first_writer_to_win the Nobel Prize in Literature in China.
2．直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。(not until 置于句首的倒装)
Not_until_he_had_failed_in_the_job_interview_did_he_realize how important confidence was.
3．看着这张照片，我不禁怀念起我的中学时光来。(现在分词作状语)
Looking_at_the_picture,_I couldn't help missing my middle school days.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
I'm glad to hear that you're coming to Sichuan in August.You've made the wise choice ❶to travel (travel) here.Sichuan Province is rich in tourist ❷attractions (attract) and enjoys many worldfamous ❸places_of_interest (名胜古迹), such as Jiuzhaigou and Du Jiangyan Irrigation Project.
Jiuzhaigou is wellknown for its beautiful lakes, of which the water is clear and looks colorful.It can inspire ❹visitors' (visit) imagination.Another attraction is Du Jiangyan Irrigation Project, which ❺was_built (build) over 2,000 years ago and is still ❻playing an important part_in (在……方面起着重要作用) irrigation today.And the newlybuilt Wenchuan Earthquake Museum can make all the people present call for that breathtaking moment.Besides, the nice weather and ❼convenient transportation (便利的交通) here can make your trip more ❽enjoyable (enjoy)．I'm sure you'll have a good time.
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
warm， sunrise， ups and downs， below， range， increase， due to， Antarctic， manage， walk around
As I've discussed in previous blog posts that our stay in Antarctica has had some ❶ups_and_downs.An injury to my hand set us back a bit.And we lost about a week of flying time ❷due_to that and some bad weather in the middle of the month.In spite of that setback, we ❸managed to do 33 flights which would allow us to meet our scientific goals for the project.The flights were conducted during both daytime and nighttime conditions with ❹ranging from as cold as minus 51 degrees F to as ❺warm as plus 5 degrees F．While most of you wouldn't think that 5 degrees F feels warm, to us, after almost a month of nearly continuously ❻below zero weather, a temperature of plus 5 degrees F actually feels pretty comfortable.In fact, for the last week or so, I've been ❼walking_around in a woolen jacket rather than an ordinary coat.
When we first arrived in late August, the sun was only up for less than 6 hours each day, but the day length was ❽increasing by 20 minutes each day.These trips are my favorite Antarctic trips since we have got to see ❾sunrise and sunset every day and enjoy the ❿Antarctic night sky and stars.
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·天津高考)The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to_explore (explore) the outer space.
2．(2017·江苏高考)Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways.
3．(2016·四川高考)In the depths (deep) of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous (土著的) people.
4．(2016·北京高考)Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency (emerge)．
5．(2015·北京高考)Most of them are extremely (extreme) delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.
6．(2015·四川高考)More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to_promote (promote) the local economy.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用trap, promote, in case填空)
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move __55__ she injured her neck.in_case
2．(2014·天津高考完形填空)One night, when I was eight, my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget.“Sweetie, my company wants to __16__ me but needs me to work in Brazil.This is like your teacher telling you that you've done well and allowing you to skip a grade (跳级), but you'll have to leave your friends.Would you say yes to your teacher？”promote
3．(2012·江苏高考完形填空)Travelers have ended up lost on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives.They can also make people feel __52__ and forced to answer unwanted calls or reply to unwanted texts.trapped
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：海底世界资源丰富，但过度开发会导致污染和破坏，聚焦“坚持生态优先，珍惜海洋资源”的环保理念，提高人们保护海洋资源、和平利用开发海洋的意识。高考围绕此话题进行命题，旨在提高人们的环保意识。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
She looked up at me sadly, her pain being unbearably obvious. I __1__ her as she swam silently around the small pool, surrounded by people she didn't know.The top left corner of her yellow shell was __2__， and her flippers (鳍状肢) were filled with cuts and scars.Then she swam slowly to others.
I couldn't help but think that these __3__ creatures looked as though they were war heroes wounded in battle, but they weren't.They were just a group of innocent sea turtles that had been injured by __4__ humans.
Earlier that day, our group of forty high school students had learned that those endangered sea turtles were being __5__all the time__6__water pollution, litter, and careless boaters and fishermen.We were taught how to __7__ the deaths and injuries of this species and to encourage others to conserve our ocean life and environment.
I had always been conscious of the damage our environment was suffering__8__I had never truly been given the opportunity to see the devastating (毁灭性的) effects of environmental destruction until I observed that __9__. Seeing a picture or movie of these animals cannot truly sense the pain on their faces.Now that I have witnessed the __10__ caused by the pollution and people's carelessness, I try to encourage my friends to __11__ their eating habit, which can benefit our environment.I am devoted to __12__ time and money to help save endangered animals.I stress to them that we need to start saving our environment now before it's too late. And we try to get the governments to pass laws __13__ animals in danger.Quite a few countries have passed laws to forbid the killing of animals or plants on the danger __14__.
All in all, we must fight for those creatures that cannot fight for themselves because we share one common world and we have the responsibility to __15__ them.
语篇解读：作者从一只受伤的小海龟说起，鼓励朋友们改变饮食习惯，捐赠时间和金钱来帮助拯救濒临灭绝的动物，从而使环境受益。
1．A.recognized B．introduced
C．watched D．satisfied
解析：选C 根据语境，我看着她，她静静地在小池塘里游着。watch“观察，观看”，符合题意。
2．A.strange B．missing
C．shining D．complex
解析：选B 根据上下文可知，这是受伤的海龟。此处应该是指左上边的黄色外壳不见(missing)了。
3．A.troublesome B．rare
C．ugly D．unfortunate
解析：选D 根据上文“The top left corner of her yellow shell was __2__， and her flippers(鳍状肢)were filled with cuts and scars.”，左上角的黄色外壳不见了，她的鳍状肢充满了伤口和伤疤可知，她们是不幸的(unfortunate)。
4．A.skillful B．stubborn
C．intelligent D．careless
解析：选D 根据下文“careless boaters and fishermen”可知，这是一群无辜的海龟，被粗心的(careless)人类伤害。
5．A.studied B．discovered
C．killed D．displayed
解析：选C 这些濒临灭绝的海龟因为水污染、乱丢垃圾、粗心大意的渔船和渔民而被杀(killed)。
6．A.because of B．in case of
C．in spite of D．apart from
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
7．A.report B．lessen
C．escape D．prove
解析：选B 根据常识，我们学会了如何减少这个物种的死亡和伤害，lessen为动词，意为“减少”。
8.A.so B．but
C．or D．and
解析：选B 我总能意识到我们的环境所遭受的伤害，但(but)我从来没真正有机会看到毁灭性的环境破坏的影响，直到亲眼看到这些海龟受的伤害才深深感触到这些。
9．A.boater B．fisherman
C．visitor D．turtle
解析：选D 根据上文可知，直到我看到了这些受伤的海龟(turtle)，我才知道了这些。
10．A.worry B．harm
C．anger D．shame
解析：选B 既然现在我已经目睹了污染和人们的疏忽造成的伤害(harm)。
11．A.mention B．form
C．change D．check
解析：选C 我试图鼓励我的朋友们改变(change)他们的饮食习惯。
12．A.donating B．sharing
C．ignoring D．recording
解析：选A 根据语境可知，我捐赠(donate)时间和金钱来帮助拯救濒临灭绝的动物。
13．A.protecting B．pretending
C．forbidding D．allowing
解析：选A 根据常识，通过的法律是用来保护(protecting)濒危动物。
14．A.range B．list
C．variety D．show
解析：选B 许多国家已经通过法律禁止残害危险动物名单(list)上的那些动植物。
15．A.save B．take
C．bring D．notice
解析：选A 我们和动物拥有同一个世界，我们有责任去挽救(save)它们。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
完形填空技法(9)——克服词汇多义和生义理解不透，力避“望文生义”
在英语中，不少单词有两个甚至多个意思，我们把这种现象称之为一词多义。一词多义是很普遍的语言现象。在完形填空的选项中，有时也出现一些多义词。对这类词的常见意义掌握得不够全面，会给考生在解答完形填空时带来很大的干扰，导致错选。如对上文第7题选项lessen的词义掌握不到位，就容易造成错选。
在复习词汇的过程中，我们要特别关注和积累多义词，特别是常用动词及其短语，在解题过程中，注意认真思考，不要“望文生义”。
A
(2019·石家庄毕业班质检)
Four Popular Places to Go This Winter
Harbin, China
China Harbin's winter is for the brave ones — the average temperature is 1.8 — but those who brave the cold will be rewarded with experiencing one of the world's largest winter festivals. 2017 marks the 33rd Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival (January－March), when massive frozen structures rise and are lit up, transforming the city into a winter wonderland.
Lyon, France
Paris may be called The City of Light, but every December, light takes center stage in Lyon, France's thirdlargest city. That's when the annual Festival of Lights (around December 8) takes over, with light installations (装置) that transform the city's streetscapes into modern works of art. The city is also home to two Christmas markets (one in La CroixRousse; the other at the Place Carnot; through December 25)．
Lima, Peru
Peru's capital Lima is home to the world's highest number of cooking schools per person. Aside from its delicate dining, the city also has great cocktail bars where you can taste classic or contemporary takes on the Pisco Sour. Combine that with the oceanfront setting and temperatures in the 80s, and you'll understand why Lima should no longer be ignored this winter.
Vermont, US
Winter in Vermont means skiing and snowboarding. Many resorts (度假胜地) have greatly upgraded their snowmaking abilities as part of a $15 million statewide program that replaced many outdated snow guns with new, lowenergy models. These new machines will also improve the quality of snow surfaces and lengthen the season, meaning this will be one of the best winters for skiing and riding in Vermont in recent memory.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个冬天受人欢迎的游览之地：中国的哈尔滨、法国的里昂、秘鲁的利马以及美国的佛蒙特州。
1．What similarities do the first two places have?
A．They are decorated with lights.
B．They offer snow sculptures.
C．They have threeday festivals.
D．They are extremely cold.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“when massive frozen structures rise and are lit up”及第二段第一句中的“every December, light takes center stage in Lyon”可知，前两个地方的相似之处是都有灯装饰。
2．Which provides a good chance to buy a Christmas gift?
A．Harbin. B．Lyon.
C．Lima. D．Vermont.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The city is also home to two Christmas markets (one in La CroixRousse; the other at the Place Carnot; through December 25)．”可知，里昂提供了一个很好的购买圣诞礼物的机会。
3．What's new to the resorts in Vermont?
A．Skiing and snowboarding.
B．Updated equipment.
C．Cooking schools.
D．A longer winter.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Many resorts (度假胜地) have greatly upgraded their snowmaking abilities as part of a $15 million statewide program that replaced many outdated snow guns with new, lowenergy models.”可知，佛蒙特州的度假胜地的新鲜事是设备更新了。
B
(2019·成都高中毕业班检测)Every ocean lover knows the dangers of getting caught in a rip current (离岸流). Experienced swimmers know it is relatively easy to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore. However, inexperienced beachgoers often panic, and try to swim to land, placing themselves at risk of drowning due to tiredness. According to the US National Ocean Service, the currents kill about 100 Americans each year and account for 80% of all lifeguard rescues. These scary statistics may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to Clever Girl, a smart buoy (浮标) that warns swimmers of the presence of deadly rip currents.
The smart device is the brainchild of Australian teenager Maddison King, who created Clever Girl as a project for her Grade 12 Design and Technology class. The 18yearold, who works as a lifeguard during her spare time, came up with the brilliant idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.
The basketballsized plastic buoy, which can be attached to a chain of similar devices or the ocean floor, is fitted with a small propeller (螺旋桨). When the water travels at the speed of over 70 centimeters per second, it spins the propeller fast enough to power the light atop the buoy, warning swimmers to stay clear of the area.
Though it sounds simple enough, the youngster had to overcome numerous design challenges. For instance, she picked a red light since it is easy to see in the bright sunlight and also because the color serves as a universal warning sign for tourists that do not speak the local language. The device's smooth surface and high handles ensure swimmers do not get hurt, while the black, white, and red striped underside, keeps sharks and other animals at bay.
Future versions might include something like a warning siren, which would provide sound warnings of rip currents. Besides, the present model costs about $300 to make. “That's beyond my purse，” she laughs. “The cost has to be cut down.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在海洋里游泳时，一些缺乏经验的游泳者遇到高速离岸流时常常感到恐惧，并试图游向陆地，最终因疲劳而溺水身亡。受做临时救生员工作经历的启发，Maddison King发明了一种装置，能在离岸流达到一定速度时发出预警，从而避免人们误入高速洋流。
4．Which of the following is the right way to escape the rip current?
A．Waiting for rescues.
B．Swimming to the shore.
C．Moving fast in the water.
D．Floating with the water.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Experienced swimmers know ...by swimming alongside the shore.”可知，有经验的游泳者知道，通过在快速流动的水中漂浮，让流水带着自己流入海洋或沿着海岸游泳是逃避离岸流的有效方式。
5．Why did Maddison decide to invent Clever Girl?
A．She wanted to challenge her creativity.
B．She was motivated by her working experience.
C．She was supposed to complete it for her class.
D．She was scared by the statistics of the government.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，18岁的Maddison King在业余时间做救生员，她发现大多数孩子都无法察觉到离岸流，终究会因为疲劳而使自己处于溺水的危险之中，故B项正确。
6．What do we know about the present version of Clever Girl?
A．It's not available on the market.
B．It's quite attractive for sea animals.
C．It's based on a complex theory.
D．It can give warnings in different ways.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，每年大约有100个美国人死于离岸流，但这些可怕的统计数据可能很快成为过去，这多亏了警告浮标装置—— Clever Girl。结合最后一段可知，这种装置的成本很高，且未形成成品；据此可以判断，其目前版本还没有投放市场。
7．What could the future version of Clever Girl be like?
A．Safer and greener.
B．Cheaper and safer.
C．Greener and more effective.
D．Cheaper and more effective.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Besides, the present model costs about $300 to make. ‘That's beyond my purse，’ she laughs. ‘The cost has to be cut down.’”可知，这种产品目前的版本成本大约是300美元，在将来成本可能会下降；根据最后一段第一句可知，这种产品会更有效。
Module 1 Deep South
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．gravity n． 重力，地心引力
2．commercial adj. 商业的
3．intense adj. 强烈的
4．radioactive adj. (具有)放射性的
5．portable adj. 轻便的；便携的
6．isolated adj. 孤单的，孤立的
7．luxury n. 奢侈品
8．canteen n. (工厂学校等的)食堂，餐厅
9．laundry n. 待洗的衣物
10．conventional adj. 常规的；普通的
11．fragile adj. 脆弱的；易碎的
12．battery n. 电池
13．ecology n. 生态；生态学
14.inhabit v． 居住
15．insight n. 洞察力，眼光
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．annual adj. 每年的
2．state n. 状态；状况
3．adapt v. (使)适应
4．balance v. 使平衡
5．trap v. 储存，留存；使陷入困境
6．voyage n. (乘船的)旅行，航行
7．severe adj. 艰难的，艰巨的
8．dormitory n. 宿舍；寝室
9．emergency n. 紧急情况；突发事情
10．privilege n. 荣幸
11．eyesight n. 视力；目力
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．explorer n．探险者→explore v．探险/索；勘探→exploration n．探险/索；勘查
2．depth n．深度→deep adj.深的adv.深深地→deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地→deepen v．加深；深化
3．extreme adj.极端/度的→extremely adv.极端；极其
4．ceremonial adj.仪式性的；正式的→ceremony n．仪式
5．promote vt.促进，增进，提升→promotion n．促进；提升
6．abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的→normal adj.正常的
7．absence n．缺乏；没有→absent adj.缺席的；不在的
8．tiresome adj.烦人的，令人讨厌的→tired adj.厌烦的；疲倦的→tiring adj. 令人疲倦的
9．depressing adj.令人沮丧/抑郁的→depress v．使沮丧/萧条→depressed adj.沮丧的；萧条的→depression n．沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)
10．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头→discouraging adj.令人沮丧的→discouraged adj.沮丧的→discouragement n．泄气→encourage v．鼓励
11．reliability n．可靠性→reliable adj.可信赖的→rely v．依靠；信赖
12．inspiration n．鼓舞；启示；灵感→inspire v．鼓舞；激励→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
[语境活用]
1．Listening to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration.(inspire)
2．John is tired of watching the tiring soap operas on TV.He can't stand them any longer.(tire)
3．The lake is over 20 meters in depth.So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(depth)
4．With the extreme weather coming, people felt extremely cold and many got ill.(extreme)
5．On hearing the depressing news, he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression.(depress)
6．From his discouraged look, I judged he wasn't hired, which was really discouraging.But I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(discourage)
7．A team of explorers will explore the valley and the exploration will last 10 days.(explore)
8．We launched a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste, and the promotion succeeded at last.In return for our efforts, all the staff in our department were promoted.(promote)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1. set_foot_on 进入，到达，踏上
2．in_case_of 如果；假使；以免
3．on_average 平均
4．be_made_of 由……组成
5．be_fond_of 喜欢
6．stand_out 杰出；突出；引人注目
7．come_up_with 想出；提出
8．keep_one's_promise 信守诺言
1.He is an honest boy, and always keeps_his_promise.
2．They were filled with joy when they set_foot_on China soil in late July.
3．If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in_case_of emergency.
4．Since people are_fond_of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.
5．Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came_up_with a solution to it.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world.
它(南极洲)覆盖了南极周围约1 400万平方千米的面积，是世界第五大洲。
现在分词短语作伴随状语。
你每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛并准备好开始新的一天吗？
Do you wake up every morning feeling_energetic and ready to start a new day？
2.Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.
直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。
not until 置于句首引导的部分倒装句。
直到下周才会举行运动会。
Not until next week will_the_sports_meeting_be_held.
3.Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.
后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。
动词不定式作后置定语。
杰克是做这项工作的最佳人选。
Jack was the_best_man_to_do_the_job.
二、课堂重点深化
1．state n．状态；状况；国家；政府；州 v．陈述；声明
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①It is_stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)
补全句子
②In the face of failure, it is the most important to_keep_a_good_state_of_mind.
面对失败，最重要的是要保持良好的心态。
[系统归纳]
(1)in a(n) ...state＝in a state of ... 处于……的状态
a good state of health/mind 良好的健康状况/心态
(2)It is stated that ... 据说/据称……
(3)statement n. 说明；声明；陈述
make a statement 发表声明
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③(2018·江苏高考书面表达)每个判断都来自于一种特殊需要或者是一种独特的心理状态。
Every judgement comes from a specific need or a_unique_psychological_state.
僻义牢牢记
④He stated his view that developing car industry in such a rapid speed is not beneficial in the long run.陈述
2．trap v．储存，留存；使困住；使陷入圈套/困境n.陷阱；圈套
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Don't fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.
②The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) their poor quality milk.
补全句子
③Dozens of people were/got_trapped_in_the_ruins after the earthquake.
地震过后，很多人被困在了废墟中。
[系统归纳]
(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事
be/get trapped in 被困在……中，陷入困境
(2)fall into the trap (of doing sth.) 落入(做某事的)圈套
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④更糟的是，我读英语时，我经常被一些不认识的单词困住。
What's worse, when I read English, I_am_often_trapped_in_the_unknown_words.
僻义牢牢记
⑤There is plenty of water trapped in the form of ice on the large continent.储存
3．promote v．促进，增进；晋升；提升；宣传；推销
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①“Once I get a promotion (promote), I'll be happy，” they think.
②While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
补全句子
③Pupils who pass the test will_be_promoted_to the next higher grade.通过这次考试的学生将升到更高年级。
[系统归纳]
(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.
把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
promote sth.to ... 把某物推销给……
(2)promotion n. 提升，晋级，促进
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④公众的分享和关爱意识将会得到进一步提升。
The public awareness of sharing and caring is to_be_further_promoted.
僻义牢牢记
⑤We tried to promote our new products in the European market.宣传；推销
4．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头；使气馁
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We discouraged him from giving up the job last month.
②The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged (discourage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
[系统归纳]
(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.
劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心
(2)discouraged adj. 沮丧的，灰心丧气的
discouraging adj. 令人泄气的，令人沮丧的
discouragement n. 灰心丧气；挫折；阻止
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③故事的寓意是：努力获取知识，无论处境多么艰难都不要轻易气馁。
The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never_get/be_discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.
1．stand out突出，显眼
[系统归纳]
stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持
stand for 代表；主张；象征；表示；忍受
stand up 站起来；站得住脚；经得起
stand up for 支持；维护(权利)
[重点强化]
用适当的介、副词填空
①The pigeon and olive branch stand for peace.
②The hotel we stayed at during our holidays stands by the seaside.
③Everyone stood up the moment the hero came into the lecture hall.
④As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand up for the legal rights of our own in the election.
佳句时时写
⑤李老师是我们可爱的老师，他在众多老师中很突出，用他独特的教学方法给我们留下了深刻的印象。
Mr Li is our lovely teacher, who_stands_out_among_the_teachers and leaves us a deep impression with his unique method of teaching.
2．in case of如果；假使；万一；以免
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.
②The sign reads, “In case of fire, break the glass and push the red button.”
[系统归纳]
in no case 无论如何不；决不(位于句首，句子要倒装)
in case (that) ... 万一；以防……
in any case 无论如何；不管怎样
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话
as is often the case 情况往往如此
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(in case/in case of)
③Take a hat with you in_case the sun is very hot.
④The wall was built along the river in_case_of floods.
佳句时时写
⑤我们绝不能违背自然法则，否则我们将会受到惩罚。
In_no_case_can_we_go_against the law of nature, or we will get punished.
3．序数词＋(n.)＋to do ... “第……个……的……”
[教材原句] Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first_man_to_set_foot_on the Antarctic mainland.
[自主体验]
①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)In 1931, Addams became the_first_American_woman_to_win the Nobel Peace Prize.
1931年，Addams成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
②Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the_only_way_for_us_to_survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，同样，我们存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和谐相处。
③The students are looking forward to having_an_opportunity_to_explore society for reallife experience.
学生们正在盼望有机会探索社会以获得真实生活经验。
[归纳点拨]
用法
规则
(2)the only＋n.＋to do sth.唯一一个做某事的……
(3)抽象名词＋to do sth.……的……
注意
事项
动词不定式也可以用来修饰含形容词或副词的最高级的名词或代词。
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)She was the first athlete to win the gold medal in the Rio Olympic Games.
②(精彩收尾句)If I have the chance to donate, I will also help the students with financial problems.
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“自然环境”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
话题词汇记一记
子话题(一) 天气与气候
温故浅
易词汇
①climate ②mild ③breeze
④rainfall ⑤freezing ⑥below
⑦warm ⑧increase ⑨cloudy
识记生
疏词汇
①haze n．雾霾 ②mist n．薄雾
③frost n．霜 ④drizzle n．毛毛雨
⑤shower n．阵雨 ⑥damp n．&adj.潮湿(的)
⑦chilly adj.寒冷的 ⑧rainbow n．彩虹
子话题(二) 地理与活动
温故浅
易词汇
④valley ⑤desert ⑥visitor
⑦convenient ⑧research ⑨sunrise
识记生
疏词汇
①continent n．大陆，大洲 ②range n．山
③jungle n．丛林；密林 ④Antarctica n．南极洲脉
⑤expedition n．远征；探险 ⑥adventure n．冒险
⑦challenge n．挑战 ⑧transportation n．交通
常用词块忆一忆
①freezing point 冰点
②heat wave 热浪
③average temperature 平均气温
④weather forecast 天气预报
⑤be separated from ... 与……分离
⑥be located in/lie in 坐落于/位于
⑦be surrounded by 被……包围/环绕着
⑧cover an area of ... 占地面积为……
⑨take on a new look 呈现新面貌
⑩be rich in tourist attractions 旅游资源丰富
⑪places of interest 名胜古迹
⑫play an important part in 在……起着重要作用
⑬range from ...to ... 从……到……不等
写作佳句背一背
①They're going to make an expedition to the South Pole.
②In the oceans around Antarctica, the temperature of the water is extremely low, always below zero.
③Its total land area is 16,808 square kilometers, among which the mountain areas account for 52%.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
话题应用文分步写作
请根据下面的提示，以介绍“Antarctica”为主题写一篇短文。内容包括：
1．南极洲在地球的最南端；
2．它的面积大约为1 400万平方千米；
3．它是世界上最寒冷的地方，常年有冰雪覆盖；
4．它的自然资源有铁、煤等；生存的动物有企鹅、鲸等；
5．目前只有一些科学工作者居住在那里。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：企鹅penguin 海豹seal
第一步：句写对——给词写句
用方框内的词汇翻译句子)
extreme, continent, cover an area of, adapt to, mineral resource, up to now, be rich in, lie in
1．南极洲位于地球的最南端，它是世界上最寒冷的大洲。
Antarctica_lies_in_the_extreme_south_of_the_earth.It_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world.
2．它的面积大约1 400万平方千米，常年有冰雪覆盖。
It_covers_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres.It_is_covered_with_ice_and_snow_all_year_long.
3．它是一个非常富饶的大洲。
It_is_a_very_rich_continent.
4．它有很多动物如企鹅、鲸鱼和海豹。它们已经适应了那里的极端条件。
It_has_many_animals_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals.They_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
5．它有丰富的矿产资源。
It_is_rich_in_mineral_resources.
6．目前只有一些科学工作者居住在那里。
Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
7．第2句中ice前加上定语“厚厚的”，snow前加上定语“深的”。
It_covers_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres.It_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.
8．第4句中“动物”后加上定语从句“我们所熟知的”。
It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with,_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals.They_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
9．第5句后增加“包括铁、煤等等”。
It_is_rich_in_mineral_resources,_including_iron,_coal_and_so_on.
10．第6句后增加简单句“或许有一天很多的家庭将会居住在那里”。
Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.Maybe_one_day_lots_of_households_will_live_there.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．用which 引导的非限制性定语从句改写第1句。
Antarctica,_which_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world,_lies_in_the_extreme_south_of_the_earth.
2．用v.ing形式作状语改写第7句。
Covering_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres,_it_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.
3．用which 引导的非限制性定语从句改写第8句。
It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with,_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals,_which_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
根据语句间的逻辑关系，可添加过渡性词汇however，what's more连句成文。
Antarctica，which_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world,_lies_in_the_extreme_south of_the_earth.Covering_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres,_it_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.However,_it_is_a_very_rich_continent.It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with_such_as_penguins，whales_and_seals，which_have_adapted_to_its extreme_conditions.What's_more,_it_is_rich_in_mineral_resources,_including_iron,_coal_and_so_on.Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.Maybe_one_day_lots_of_households_will_live_there.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's necessary for us to keep the balance (平衡) of nature and protect the environment.
2．I hope you can adapt (适应) to the new school life as soon as possible.
3．It is important for everyone to keep good eyesight (视力)．
4．Last but not least, you need an intense (强烈的) interest in learning English.
5．I decided to buy a laptop because it is portable (便携的)．
6．I believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely (极其)important roles in modern society.
7．He came all the way to China for promoting (增进) friendship rather than for making money.
8．Black is depressing (令人沮丧的) while light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．The weather in the small island is ❶extremely (extreme) bad.The ❷absence (absent) of fresh water may get you ❸trapped (trap) if you set foot ❹on it.Any ❺explorer (explore) arriving at the island cannot survive for a week ❻before they leave by lifeboat.
2．❶Annually (annual), there are lots of reports about the increase of teenagers ❷whose eyesight is becoming worse because they are fond ❸of using electronic devices, especially the smartphones.It's high time that our government took measures to discourage them ❹from spending much time on the screens.
3．Linda is a rich young lady, who likes to make ❶voyages (voyage) to the world.Each time she comes to a new country, she buys some ❷luxuries (luxury) so that she can stand ❸out among her friends.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．莫言是中国第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。(the＋序数词＋不定式)
Mo Yan is the_first_writer_to_win the Nobel Prize in Literature in China.
2．直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。(not until 置于句首的倒装)
Not_until_he_had_failed_in_the_job_interview_did_he_realize how important confidence was.
3．看着这张照片，我不禁怀念起我的中学时光来。(现在分词作状语)
Looking_at_the_picture,_I couldn't help missing my middle school days.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
I'm glad to hear that you're coming to Sichuan in August.You've made the wise choice ❶to travel (travel) here.Sichuan Province is rich in tourist ❷attractions (attract) and enjoys many worldfamous ❸places_of_interest (名胜古迹), such as Jiuzhaigou and Du Jiangyan Irrigation Project.
Jiuzhaigou is wellknown for its beautiful lakes, of which the water is clear and looks colorful.It can inspire ❹visitors' (visit) imagination.Another attraction is Du Jiangyan Irrigation Project, which ❺was_built (build) over 2,000 years ago and is still ❻playing an important part_in (在……方面起着重要作用) irrigation today.And the newlybuilt Wenchuan Earthquake Museum can make all the people present call for that breathtaking moment.Besides, the nice weather and ❼convenient transportation (便利的交通) here can make your trip more ❽enjoyable (enjoy)．I'm sure you'll have a good time.
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
warm， sunrise， ups and downs， below， range， increase， due to， Antarctic， manage， walk around
As I've discussed in previous blog posts that our stay in Antarctica has had some ❶ups_and_downs.An injury to my hand set us back a bit.And we lost about a week of flying time ❷due_to that and some bad weather in the middle of the month.In spite of that setback, we ❸managed to do 33 flights which would allow us to meet our scientific goals for the project.The flights were conducted during both daytime and nighttime conditions with ❹ranging from as cold as minus 51 degrees F to as ❺warm as plus 5 degrees F．While most of you wouldn't think that 5 degrees F feels warm, to us, after almost a month of nearly continuously ❻below zero weather, a temperature of plus 5 degrees F actually feels pretty comfortable.In fact, for the last week or so, I've been ❼walking_around in a woolen jacket rather than an ordinary coat.
When we first arrived in late August, the sun was only up for less than 6 hours each day, but the day length was ❽increasing by 20 minutes each day.These trips are my favorite Antarctic trips since we have got to see ❾sunrise and sunset every day and enjoy the ❿Antarctic night sky and stars.
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·天津高考)The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to_explore (explore) the outer space.
2．(2017·江苏高考)Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways.
3．(2016·四川高考)In the depths (deep) of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous (土著的) people.
4．(2016·北京高考)Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency (emerge)．
5．(2015·北京高考)Most of them are extremely (extreme) delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.
6．(2015·四川高考)More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to_promote (promote) the local economy.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用trap, promote, in case填空)
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move __55__ she injured her neck.in_case
2．(2014·天津高考完形填空)One night, when I was eight, my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget.“Sweetie, my company wants to __16__ me but needs me to work in Brazil.This is like your teacher telling you that you've done well and allowing you to skip a grade (跳级), but you'll have to leave your friends.Would you say yes to your teacher？”promote
3．(2012·江苏高考完形填空)Travelers have ended up lost on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives.They can also make people feel __52__ and forced to answer unwanted calls or reply to unwanted texts.trapped
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：海底世界资源丰富，但过度开发会导致污染和破坏，聚焦“坚持生态优先，珍惜海洋资源”的环保理念，提高人们保护海洋资源、和平利用开发海洋的意识。高考围绕此话题进行命题，旨在提高人们的环保意识。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
She looked up at me sadly, her pain being unbearably obvious. I __1__ her as she swam silently around the small pool, surrounded by people she didn't know.The top left corner of her yellow shell was __2__， and her flippers (鳍状肢) were filled with cuts and scars.Then she swam slowly to others.
I couldn't help but think that these __3__ creatures looked as though they were war heroes wounded in battle, but they weren't.They were just a group of innocent sea turtles that had been injured by __4__ humans.
Earlier that day, our group of forty high school students had learned that those endangered sea turtles were being __5__all the time__6__water pollution, litter, and careless boaters and fishermen.We were taught how to __7__ the deaths and injuries of this species and to encourage others to conserve our ocean life and environment.
I had always been conscious of the damage our environment was suffering__8__I had never truly been given the opportunity to see the devastating (毁灭性的) effects of environmental destruction until I observed that __9__. Seeing a picture or movie of these animals cannot truly sense the pain on their faces.Now that I have witnessed the __10__ caused by the pollution and people's carelessness, I try to encourage my friends to __11__ their eating habit, which can benefit our environment.I am devoted to __12__ time and money to help save endangered animals.I stress to them that we need to start saving our environment now before it's too late. And we try to get the governments to pass laws __13__ animals in danger.Quite a few countries have passed laws to forbid the killing of animals or plants on the danger __14__.
All in all, we must fight for those creatures that cannot fight for themselves because we share one common world and we have the responsibility to __15__ them.
语篇解读：作者从一只受伤的小海龟说起，鼓励朋友们改变饮食习惯，捐赠时间和金钱来帮助拯救濒临灭绝的动物，从而使环境受益。
1．A.recognized B．introduced
C．watched D．satisfied
解析：选C 根据语境，我看着她，她静静地在小池塘里游着。watch“观察，观看”，符合题意。
2．A.strange B．missing
C．shining D．complex
解析：选B 根据上下文可知，这是受伤的海龟。此处应该是指左上边的黄色外壳不见(missing)了。
3．A.troublesome B．rare
C．ugly D．unfortunate
解析：选D 根据上文“The top left corner of her yellow shell was __2__， and her flippers(鳍状肢)were filled with cuts and scars.”，左上角的黄色外壳不见了，她的鳍状肢充满了伤口和伤疤可知，她们是不幸的(unfortunate)。
4．A.skillful B．stubborn
C．intelligent D．careless
解析：选D 根据下文“careless boaters and fishermen”可知，这是一群无辜的海龟，被粗心的(careless)人类伤害。
5．A.studied B．discovered
C．killed D．displayed
解析：选C 这些濒临灭绝的海龟因为水污染、乱丢垃圾、粗心大意的渔船和渔民而被杀(killed)。
6．A.because of B．in case of
C．in spite of D．apart from
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
7．A.report B．lessen
C．escape D．prove
解析：选B 根据常识，我们学会了如何减少这个物种的死亡和伤害，lessen为动词，意为“减少”。
8.A.so B．but
C．or D．and
解析：选B 我总能意识到我们的环境所遭受的伤害，但(but)我从来没真正有机会看到毁灭性的环境破坏的影响，直到亲眼看到这些海龟受的伤害才深深感触到这些。
9．A.boater B．fisherman
C．visitor D．turtle
解析：选D 根据上文可知，直到我看到了这些受伤的海龟(turtle)，我才知道了这些。
10．A.worry B．harm
C．anger D．shame
解析：选B 既然现在我已经目睹了污染和人们的疏忽造成的伤害(harm)。
11．A.mention B．form
C．change D．check
解析：选C 我试图鼓励我的朋友们改变(change)他们的饮食习惯。
12．A.donating B．sharing
C．ignoring D．recording
解析：选A 根据语境可知，我捐赠(donate)时间和金钱来帮助拯救濒临灭绝的动物。
13．A.protecting B．pretending
C．forbidding D．allowing
解析：选A 根据常识，通过的法律是用来保护(protecting)濒危动物。
14．A.range B．list
C．variety D．show
解析：选B 许多国家已经通过法律禁止残害危险动物名单(list)上的那些动植物。
15．A.save B．take
C．bring D．notice
解析：选A 我们和动物拥有同一个世界，我们有责任去挽救(save)它们。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
完形填空技法(9)——克服词汇多义和生义理解不透，力避“望文生义”
在英语中，不少单词有两个甚至多个意思，我们把这种现象称之为一词多义。一词多义是很普遍的语言现象。在完形填空的选项中，有时也出现一些多义词。对这类词的常见意义掌握得不够全面，会给考生在解答完形填空时带来很大的干扰，导致错选。如对上文第7题选项lessen的词义掌握不到位，就容易造成错选。
在复习词汇的过程中，我们要特别关注和积累多义词，特别是常用动词及其短语，在解题过程中，注意认真思考，不要“望文生义”。
A
(2019·石家庄毕业班质检)
Four Popular Places to Go This Winter
Harbin, China
China Harbin's winter is for the brave ones — the average temperature is 1.8 — but those who brave the cold will be rewarded with experiencing one of the world's largest winter festivals. 2017 marks the 33rd Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival (January－March), when massive frozen structures rise and are lit up, transforming the city into a winter wonderland.
Lyon, France
Paris may be called The City of Light, but every December, light takes center stage in Lyon, France's thirdlargest city. That's when the annual Festival of Lights (around December 8) takes over, with light installations (装置) that transform the city's streetscapes into modern works of art. The city is also home to two Christmas markets (one in La CroixRousse; the other at the Place Carnot; through December 25)．
Lima, Peru
Peru's capital Lima is home to the world's highest number of cooking schools per person. Aside from its delicate dining, the city also has great cocktail bars where you can taste classic or contemporary takes on the Pisco Sour. Combine that with the oceanfront setting and temperatures in the 80s, and you'll understand why Lima should no longer be ignored this winter.
Vermont, US
Winter in Vermont means skiing and snowboarding. Many resorts (度假胜地) have greatly upgraded their snowmaking abilities as part of a $15 million statewide program that replaced many outdated snow guns with new, lowenergy models. These new machines will also improve the quality of snow surfaces and lengthen the season, meaning this will be one of the best winters for skiing and riding in Vermont in recent memory.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个冬天受人欢迎的游览之地：中国的哈尔滨、法国的里昂、秘鲁的利马以及美国的佛蒙特州。
1．What similarities do the first two places have?
A．They are decorated with lights.
B．They offer snow sculptures.
C．They have threeday festivals.
D．They are extremely cold.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“when massive frozen structures rise and are lit up”及第二段第一句中的“every December, light takes center stage in Lyon”可知，前两个地方的相似之处是都有灯装饰。
2．Which provides a good chance to buy a Christmas gift?
A．Harbin. B．Lyon.
C．Lima. D．Vermont.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The city is also home to two Christmas markets (one in La CroixRousse; the other at the Place Carnot; through December 25)．”可知，里昂提供了一个很好的购买圣诞礼物的机会。
3．What's new to the resorts in Vermont?
A．Skiing and snowboarding.
B．Updated equipment.
C．Cooking schools.
D．A longer winter.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Many resorts (度假胜地) have greatly upgraded their snowmaking abilities as part of a $15 million statewide program that replaced many outdated snow guns with new, lowenergy models.”可知，佛蒙特州的度假胜地的新鲜事是设备更新了。
B
(2019·成都高中毕业班检测)Every ocean lover knows the dangers of getting caught in a rip current (离岸流). Experienced swimmers know it is relatively easy to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore. However, inexperienced beachgoers often panic, and try to swim to land, placing themselves at risk of drowning due to tiredness. According to the US National Ocean Service, the currents kill about 100 Americans each year and account for 80% of all lifeguard rescues. These scary statistics may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to Clever Girl, a smart buoy (浮标) that warns swimmers of the presence of deadly rip currents.
The smart device is the brainchild of Australian teenager Maddison King, who created Clever Girl as a project for her Grade 12 Design and Technology class. The 18yearold, who works as a lifeguard during her spare time, came up with the brilliant idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.
The basketballsized plastic buoy, which can be attached to a chain of similar devices or the ocean floor, is fitted with a small propeller (螺旋桨). When the water travels at the speed of over 70 centimeters per second, it spins the propeller fast enough to power the light atop the buoy, warning swimmers to stay clear of the area.
Though it sounds simple enough, the youngster had to overcome numerous design challenges. For instance, she picked a red light since it is easy to see in the bright sunlight and also because the color serves as a universal warning sign for tourists that do not speak the local language. The device's smooth surface and high handles ensure swimmers do not get hurt, while the black, white, and red striped underside, keeps sharks and other animals at bay.
Future versions might include something like a warning siren, which would provide sound warnings of rip currents. Besides, the present model costs about $300 to make. “That's beyond my purse，” she laughs. “The cost has to be cut down.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在海洋里游泳时，一些缺乏经验的游泳者遇到高速离岸流时常常感到恐惧，并试图游向陆地，最终因疲劳而溺水身亡。受做临时救生员工作经历的启发，Maddison King发明了一种装置，能在离岸流达到一定速度时发出预警，从而避免人们误入高速洋流。
4．Which of the following is the right way to escape the rip current?
A．Waiting for rescues.
B．Swimming to the shore.
C．Moving fast in the water.
D．Floating with the water.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Experienced swimmers know ...by swimming alongside the shore.”可知，有经验的游泳者知道，通过在快速流动的水中漂浮，让流水带着自己流入海洋或沿着海岸游泳是逃避离岸流的有效方式。
5．Why did Maddison decide to invent Clever Girl?
A．She wanted to challenge her creativity.
B．She was motivated by her working experience.
C．She was supposed to complete it for her class.
D．She was scared by the statistics of the government.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，18岁的Maddison King在业余时间做救生员，她发现大多数孩子都无法察觉到离岸流，终究会因为疲劳而使自己处于溺水的危险之中，故B项正确。
6．What do we know about the present version of Clever Girl?
A．It's not available on the market.
B．It's quite attractive for sea animals.
C．It's based on a complex theory.
D．It can give warnings in different ways.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，每年大约有100个美国人死于离岸流，但这些可怕的统计数据可能很快成为过去，这多亏了警告浮标装置—— Clever Girl。结合最后一段可知，这种装置的成本很高，且未形成成品；据此可以判断，其目前版本还没有投放市场。
7．What could the future version of Clever Girl be like?
A．Safer and greener.
B．Cheaper and safer.
C．Greener and more effective.
D．Cheaper and more effective.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Besides, the present model costs about $300 to make. ‘That's beyond my purse，’ she laughs. ‘The cost has to be cut down.’”可知，这种产品目前的版本成本大约是300美元，在将来成本可能会下降；根据最后一段第一句可知，这种产品会更有效。
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