2021版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习学案：必修4Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorld

[单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1．attack vt.袭击；攻击

2．creature n．动物；生物

3．calm adj.平静的

4．sceptical adj.怀疑的；不相信的

5．cover vt.占地(多大面积)

6．generous adj.有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的

7．reputation n．名誉；名声

8．positive adj.正面的

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．Beijing covers(cover) an area of 16, 000 square kilometers with a population of 1.3 million.

2．In man's early days, competition with other creatures(creature) must have been critical.

3．I hope you'll soon feel much calmer(calm) and carry on as normal.

4．The computer attacked(attack) by some unknown virus can't work well now.

5．The lady thought that he was more_generous(generous) than he really was！

拓展单词

1．fright n．害怕→frighten vt.使害怕→frightened adj.害怕的→frightening adj.吓人的

2．exist vi.存在→existence n．存在

3．sharp adj.锋利的；尖的→sharpen v．使变得锋利

4．mystery n．神秘之事→mysterious adj.神秘的

5．adapt vi.适应；适合→adaptation n．适应；改编

6．appear vi.出现→disappear vi.不见；消失

7．destroy v．毁坏；摧毁→destruction n．毁坏→destructive adj.毁灭性的；破坏性的

8．indicate vt.象征；暗示→indication n．象征；迹象

9．fortune n．运气；命运；财富→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．To his fright,_the frightening scene frightened children into crying.(fright)

2．There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one knows when it came into existence.(exist)

3．Some natural mysteries of the ancient times are still mysterious to people today.(mystery)

4．People destroy forests and rivers for their own benefit.Their destructive activities are likely to cause the destruction of the earth.(destroy)

5．He soon adapted himself to the new environment.That was to say, he made a quick adaptation_to the new environment.(adapt)

6．Fortunately,_he came to the new island safely.It is also fortunate for him to make his fortune here.(fortune)

阅读单词

1．footprint n．脚印；足迹

2．grey adj.灰色的

3．claw n．爪

4．nail n．(手、脚的)指甲；爪

5．journal n．杂志；学报；期刊

6．seal n．海豹

7．claim vt.声称

8．surface n．表面；水面

9．dive vi.潜水

10．unlikely adj.不可能的

11．extinct adj.绝种的；消亡了的

12．evolve vi.进化；演变

13．fierce adj.凶猛的；残暴的

14．emperor n．皇帝

15．border n．边境；国界

1．(2018·天津卷)If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.敏锐的

2．(2017·浙江卷)Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.急剧的

3．(2014·江西卷)The gun is given to him by the government.However, it is not used for hunting.In fact, a seal is fixed to it.封条

[短语　多维应用]

[句式　结构仿写]

1．attack vt.袭击；攻击；抨击；(疾病)侵袭 n．攻击；进攻；抨击；病情发作

(1)attack sb.for sth.由于某事而责难某人

attack sb.with sth.用……攻击某人

be attacked with a disease 患病

(2)make an attack on/upon ...对……发动进攻

under attack 受到攻击

attack the government for failing to offer timely help 抨击政府未能及时提供帮助

be under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory 因决定关闭工厂而受到猛烈抨击

be attacked with dysentery from the drinking of muddy water 喝了不卫生的水而患上了痢疾

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn't sit quietly.

②(2016·四川卷) In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks(attack)．

③Many people made an attack on/upon the government's policies.

[能力提升]——一句多译

当动物受到袭击时，它会跑走或反击。

①When an animal is_attacked,_it can run away or fight back.(attack v．)

②When an animal is_under_attack,_it can run away or fight back.(attack n．)

③When_attacked,_an animal can run away or fight back.(状语从句的省略)

2．exist vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在

(1)exist in 在于

exist on ＝ live on 靠……生存；靠……生活

There exist(s) ...有……

(2)existence n．存在；生存；生活

in existence 现存的；存在的

come into existence/being 开始存在

(3)existing adj. 现存的；现行的

exist on such a small income 靠这么少的收入生活

solve the existing problem in geography 解决现存的地理方面的问题

the only copy of the book in existence 这本书现存的唯一版本

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·北京卷)A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing(exist) relationships.

②(2019·江苏卷)So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of existence(exist)．

③You can't imagine what difficulty they have existing on the little money he's earning.

[能力提升]——完成句子

众所周知，年轻人和老年人之间存在着代沟。

As is known to all, there_exists_a_generation_gap between the young and the old.

3．calm adj.平静的；镇静的 v．使平静；镇定下来 n．平静，宁静

(1)calm oneself (使)自己平静下来

calm (sb.) down (使某人)平静下来，镇静下来

(2)keep/stay/remain calm 保持冷静

keep calm in an emergency 在紧急状况下保持镇静

in the calm surface of the lake 在平静的湖面上

accept her decision with his usual calm 以他惯有的镇定接受了她的决定

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer(calm), healthier?

②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.

③She was breathing deeply and tried to calm herself(she)．

[能力提升]——一句多译

在这种状态下，婴儿很难安静下来。

①In this state, it is difficult for the baby to keep/stay/remain_clam.(calm adj.)

②In this state, the baby is difficult to calm_down.(calm v．)

4．adapt v．(使)适应；(使)适合；改编；改写

(1)adapt to 适应

adapt oneself to 使自己适应

(2)adapt ...from ...根据……改编……

adapt ...for ...改编……为……之用

(3)adaptable adj.能适应的；可修改的

adaptation n．适应；改编；改写本

better adapt to the development and changes of society 更好地适应社会的发展和变化

be specially adapted for the disabled 专门为残疾人改造的

adaptable workers who are willing to learn new skills 愿意学习新技能的、适应力强的工人

[名师点津]　adopt与adapt形式相近，但它意为“采纳；采用；收养”。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①After graduation from college, I gradually adapted myself to living(live) on my own.

②The film was adapted from a novel written by a famous writer.

③Children are highly adaptable(adapt)—they just need time to readjust.

[能力提升]——完成句子

对于你们这些新生来说，如何适应新的环境是你们要面对的第一件事。

To all of you, fresh students, how_to_adapt_(yourself)_to_the_new_environment is the first thing that you have to face.

5．die out灭绝；(习俗、习惯等)消失

(1)die away (声音或感情等)慢慢变弱/渐渐消失

die down (风或噪音等)渐弱；逐渐平息

die off 先后死去；一一死去

die of/from ...死于……

(2)be dying for 很想要；渴望

be dying to do sth.极想做某事

in the danger of dying out 处于灭绝的危险

die off from the disease 相继病故

be dying for a cold beer in the hot sun 大热天很想喝杯冰镇啤酒

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Many rare animals are dying out.We must find ways to protect our environment.

②Although the wind now died down completely, the air was still as cold as before.

③You mentioned that you would like to teach me English in return, which is exactly what I am dying for.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

直到河里所有的鱼都死光了，他们才意识到环境保护的重要性。

①They didn't realize the importance of environment protecting until_all_the_fish _in_the_river_died_out.

②Not_until_all_the_fish_in_the_river_die_out_did_they_realize the importance of environment protecting.(部分倒装)

6．due to由于；因……造成；应支付；归功于

be due to do sth.预期做某事，预定要做某事

be due to sth./sb.归因于某事/某人；欠某人……

be due for sth.应得到某物

be abandoned due to a lack of money 由于缺乏资金被放弃

be due to be published in November 预计11月份出版

be due for a pay rise 要加薪了

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2016·北京卷)The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.

②The bus was due to_arrive(arrive) at 5 p．m., but it arrived one hour late due to being_held(hold) up by heavy fog.

③Any money that is due to you will be paid before the end of the month.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：It is well known that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe because of global warming.

高级表达：It is well known that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe due_to global warming.

[联想发散]　表示原因的介词短语还有：because of, on account of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of等。

7．(教材P52)He claims to_have_seen_a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。

[句型公式]　句中to have seen为不定式的完成式，表示不定式所发生的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

不定式的时态有三种：

(1)不定式的一般式：表示与谓语动词同一时间发生或发生在谓语动词后。

(2)不定式的进行式：表示与谓语动词同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。

(3)不定式的完成式：表示发生在谓语动词之前。

[金句推送]　(天津卷)I have successfully got admitted as a volunteer for the 13th National Games, which is scheduled to be held at the end of August in Tianjin.我已经成功地成为第13届全运会的志愿者，全运会按计划将于8月末在天津举行。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①I'm terribly sorry to have_put(put) you through so much trouble.

②The boy pretended to_be_concentrating(concentrate) on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.

③ I have wrapped the parcels and they're ready to_be_posted(post)．

[能力提升]——一句多译

这个小女孩比赛之前一点也不紧张。她好像做好了充分的准备。

①The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition.She seemed_to_have _prepared_for_it_pretty_well.

②The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition.It seemed_that_she_ had_prepared_for_it_pretty_well.

多维训练——夯实基础

维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空

1．The animal will defend itself when attacked(attack) by making a strange noise.

2．Mother was worried about whether she could adapt to living(live) in the mountainous village alone.

3．Mrs Green didn't realize there was a gap existing(exist) between her and her son.

4．Marco Polo is said to_have_sailed(sail) on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.

5．The identification (identify) of the crash victims was a long and difficult task.

维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词

1．Our success was largely due to the good cooperation of all team members.

2．If people don't pay attention to the protection of rare animals, they will soon die out.

3．The police found that it was difficult to calm down the angry crowd.

4．He has been waiting for a chance to make a fortune overnight.

5．Let's come straight to the point because we don't have enough time.

维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空/单句改错)

1．The central argument is that capitalism sows the seeds of its own destruction (destroy)．

2．There is something mysterious(mystery) about the childhood of this famous writer.

3．There are a lot of signs indicating(indicate) men are more likely to have heart attacks than women.

4．At last the tourists managed to escape from the dangerous place, hungry and frightening.frightening→frightened

5．He tried all his best to throw light to the problem, but the children couldn't understand him.第二个to→on/upon

维度4——话题写作

1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)

①在百慕大三角存在着许多神秘之事，它被认为是世界上最变化莫测的地方之一。

There_exists_many_mysterious_events in Bermuda Triangle, which is considered to be one_of_the_most_unpredictable_places in the world.

②1981年，载有6个人的一艘船在经过百慕大三角时突然消失了，这使得水手们很害怕。

In 1981, a boat with six people suddenly_disappeared when passing the Bermuda Triangle, and it made_sailors_very_frightened.

③每个人都怀疑他们是否有幸活着。

Everyone is_sceptical_about_whether_they_are_fortunate_to_be_alive.

④八年后，这艘船在同一个地方再次出现，船上的六个人仍然活着。

The boat_appeared_again eight years later in the same spot, with all the six people still alive on board.

⑤他们声称他们不可能失踪，因为对他们而言，八年只是很短的一段时间。

They_claimed_that_they_were_unlikely_to_have_been_lost,_because to them, eight years was just a minute.

⑥直到现在仍没有任何证据能帮助弄清楚这个谜。

No evidence has_thrown_light_on_the_mystery so far.

2．升级平淡句

(1)用非限制性定语从句改写句②

In_1981,_a_boat_with_six_people_suddenly_disappeared_when_passing_the_

Bermuda_Triangle,_which_made_sailors_very_frightened.

(2)用主语从句改写句⑤

It's_claimed_that_they_were_unlikely_to_have_been_lost,_because_to_them,_

eight_years_was_just_a_minute.

3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：surprisingly)

There exists many mysterious events in Bermuda Triangle, which is considered to be one of the most unpredictable places in the world.In 1981, a boat with six people suddenly disappeared when passing the Bermuda Triangle, which made sailors very frightened.Everyone is sceptical about whether they are fortunate to be alive.Surprisingly, the boat appeared again eight years later in the same spot, with all the six people still alive on board.It's claimed that they were unlikely to have been lost, because to them, eight years was just a minute.No evidence has thrown light on the mystery so far.