2021版新高考英语（北师大版）一轮复习教师用书：选修8Unit24Society

三言两语1.The Literature Society recommended a variety of good books，encouraging us to get pleasure from reading.2．They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity about science discoveries.3．Reading widely enables me to have a chance to broaden my horizons.1.约翰今天想来看我。我宁愿他明天来John wants to see me today.I would_rather_he_came_tomorrow.2．到了我们采取措施保护自然资源的时候了。It's_high_time_that_we_should_come/came to preserve the natural resources. [单词　拼写应用]核心单词1．sentence n．&vt.判决；判刑2．resign vt.&vi.辞职3．undertake vt.着手做，从事；答应；承诺4．virtue n．优点，长处5．rot vt.&vi.腐烂6．cast vt.&vi.投下7．consequently adv.所以，因此8．burden n．重担，负担9．abundant adj.大量的，丰富的10．accumulate   v. 积累， 积聚  11．adjustment n．调整，调节12．diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的13．delete vt.删除14．skip  v. 跳过；跳读15．edition n. 版本16．thirst n．渴望；口渴17．fine v．罚款18．abolish vt.废除，废止；取消19．swing vi.摇摆；秋千[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．He resigned (resign) as manager after eight years.2．They flew over the beach，casting(cast) a huge shadow.3．When I undertook(undertake) to mend his watch for him，I didn't bargain for all this trouble.4．The man was_sentenced(sentence) to death two years ago.5．He is poisoned by eating rotten(rot) meat.6．All the candidates have their virtues(virtue) and vices.拓展单词1．volunteer v．自愿做→volunteer n．志愿者→voluntary adj.自愿的2．abundant adj.大量的→abundance n．大量3．sign v．签名；打手势 n．招牌；迹象；符号→signature n．签名4．govern vt.统治，管理→governor n．统治者，总督→government n．政府5．adjust vt.调整，调节；使适应→adjustment n．调整，调节6．diverse adj.各种各样的→diversity n．多样性；差异7．mercy n．宽容，仁慈→merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的8．edit vt.编辑；校订→editor n．编辑；编者，校订者→edition n．版本9．elect vt.选举，推选→election n．选举10．thirst n．口渴→thirsty adj.口渴的11．contain vt.包含；装有→container n．容器[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式或所给提示填空。1．It doesn't have to be a large container to contain these fruits.(contain) 2．I am thirsty for them，and my thirst is overwhelming.(thirst) 3．The merciful merchant showed mercy to the poor father.(mercy) 4．The diversity of regions includes the diverse ways of historical development.(diverse) 5．Zhejiang has a long history and a brilliant culture behind，coupled with abundant natural sceneries and historical sites，contributing to the abundance of tourist resources.(abundant) 6．Thanks，will you please fill in the registration form and sign your signature here？(sign)7．If you move to a new city，you'd better adjust yourself to it.Sometimes，it is hard to make some adjustments.(adjust)8．In the latest election，Mary was elected chair woman of the Student Union.(elect)9．She used to edit newspapers，and now she is the editor of a dictionary which is now in its sixth edition.(edit)阅读单词1．inequality n．不平等2．graph  n．图表3．deposit vt.存储，储蓄4．currency  n．货币5．vacant adj.未住人的，空置的6．pension  n．退休金，养老金7．leisure  n．闲暇，空闲8．framework  n．构架，结构9．feast  n．盛宴，宴会10．fragrant adj.有香味的11．spoonful  n．一匙之量12．penalty  n．刑罚，惩罚13．moreover  adv.再者，此外14．merchant   n．商人 1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)．..we found that in 30 mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined.罚款2．We had to resign ourselves to making a loss on the sale.屈从3．She had a kind of vacant look on her face.茫然的4．She said the cast won't include any stars.演员表[短语　多维应用]高频短语1.come_into_being形成，存在2．show_off炫耀，夸耀3．do_away_with废除；摆脱，消灭4．knock_into_sb. 撞上某人；偶然遇到5．contribute_to促进；有助于6．play_an_important_role_in 在……中起重要作用7．take...into_account考虑；注意，体谅8．to_start_with首先[语境运用]　选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。My mother used to ask my elder sister to show off her singing and dancing in front of her friends and relatives.But in my view，he didn't ①take my sister's feelings into_account，because I found sometimes she did it unwillingly.So I advised that my mother should ②do_away_with this behavior.As we all know，parents' respect ③plays_an_important_role_in the children's growth，which ④contributes_to their healthy psychology.9.above_all最重要的是；首先10．be_well/better_off过得好/更好11．break_into闯入；突然开始12．wind_sb.up故意惹恼某人13．on_principle 根据原则14．keep_an_eye_on注意，留意15._take...seriously 认真对待……16．sentence_sb.to_death 判某人死刑[语境运用]　选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。After giving birth to a second baby，my friend told me that her life ⑤was not better_off.Her daughter often ⑥broke_into her younger brother's bedroom and hit him.It was obvious that she ⑦winded him up，which made her angry.But I think ⑧on_principle，it was she that should be responsible for this.So I advised her to ⑨take it seriously and  ⑩keep_an_eye_on her daughter in daily life.[句式　结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.not...but...Not increased happiness，but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.我生气不是因为你犯错，而是因为你没有告诉我。I am angry not_because_you_made _mistakes，but because you did not tell me about them.2.would rather后面跟虚拟语气I'd rather you didn't mention that.我真希望你马上就动身。I would_rather_you_started_off right away.3.make复合宾语They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs，which made it easier to keep an eye on people's movements.我记得我向你清楚表示过我不会来。I remember I made_it_clear_to_you that I was not coming.4.what if 要是……会怎么样呢What if some married people have affairs？如果下周数学考试我不及格怎么办？What_if I fail the maths exam next week？1．burden n. 负担，重担 vt. (使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等) (1)be a burden on/to...是……的负担(2)burden sb./oneself with sth.装载……；使……负担……be burdened with...负重；为……所累 carry the burden  挑起这副担子be burdened with heavy taxation  承担沉重的税款[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①I don't want to burden you with my problems.②The burden on his back seemed to be crushing him to the earth.③Too much praise is a burden to a child.④Burdened such a big family，he had to work hard all day long.Burdened后加with[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)He was burdened with endless paperwork，so he didn't have time to assist you.(高级表达)Burdened_with_endless_paperwork，he didn't have time to assist you.(过去分词短语作状语)2．undertake vt.着手做，从事，承担；允诺，答应  undertake＋n./pron.承担……undertake to do...着手做……；答应做……undertake that...答应……undertake for...为……负责undertake responsibility 承担责任undertake to finish the job 同意完成这项工作[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.②I'll undertake for your security.③He undertook improving the working conditions and the workers were expecting it.improving→to_improve[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)She undertook to finish the job by Friday last night.(高级表达)She undertook_that_she_would_finish_the_job by Friday last night.3．abundant adj.大量的；丰盛的；充裕的  (1)be abundant in 富有……；……很丰富(2)abundance n. 丰富an abundance of丰富的，许多的in abundance大量；富裕be abundant in natural resources 有丰富的自然资源[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①There was an abundance(abundant) of corn last year.②Wild flowers grow in abundance on the hillsides.③South Africa is a developing country which is abundant in natural resources.④At the feast of New Year's Eve there is an abundance in food and drinks.in→of[链接写作]——完成句子这个国家有很多熟练工人，但工作职位不够。The country has an_abundance_of_skilled_workers，but not enough jobs.4．resign vt. & vi. 辞职，辞去；使顺从 resign one's job/post/position辞去工作/职位resign from 从……辞职resign oneself to (doing) sth.顺从……；使自己安于(做)某事resign as...辞去当……的职务resign...to...把……托付给……[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①She resigned from her job for personal reasons.②You must resign yourselves to waiting(wait) a bit longer.③It is reported that more and more parents resign their children to their grandparents at hometown.④We had to resign ourselves making a loss on the sale.ourselves后加to[链接写作]——完成句子他仍在董事会，但几个月前他辞去了董事长职务。He is still on the board，but he resigned_as_chairman some months ago.(resign as)5．elect vt.选举，推选；选择  (1)elect sb.to...选举某人进入……elect sb.as/to be...选举某人为……elect to do sth.选择做某事(2)election n．选举；推举；当选run for an election参加竞选elect Smith as mayor  选史密斯当市长a general election    大选[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Six theatre companies have been elected to_take(take) part in this year's festival.②F·D·Roosevelt was elected four times as president of the US.③The final election(elect) results will be announced on Friday.④He was elected the chairman of the education committee.去掉第一个the[链接写作]——完成句子在美国每四年举行一次总统选举。In America，presidential elections_are_held_every_four_years.6．sentence n．判决 vt.宣判；判刑 (1)serve a sentence 服刑pass/give sentence on sb.给某人判刑(2)sentence sb.to sth.给某人判……刑(常用被动语态)be sentenced to death/three years in  prison被判死刑/三年徒刑[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Wang Lijun was sentenced to 15 years in prison.②The prisoner has served a sentence and will be released tomorrow.③They were sentenced for their part in April's coup attempt.④The judge will pass sentence to the murder tomorrow after looking at the report.to→on[链接写作]——完成句子因他是初次犯罪，法官对他予以轻判。The judge passed_a_light_sentence_on_him because it was his first offence.7．cast vt.投下；投以(笑容，视线)；投射(光、影子)；扔；抛；投票  cast a shadow/cloud over/on sth.给……投下一层阴影cast doubt on sth.使怀疑某事，使不确信某事cast a look/glance at sb./sth.向……看一眼cast down 使沮丧，使失望cast his net into water  把网撒到水里cast a shadow on the wall 把影子投射到墙上[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Her father's illness cast a shadow over the wedding celebrations.②She cast a glance in the mirror and went out，shutting the door behind her.③He was cast down by the sad news.[链接写作]——完成句子他的所作所为使人们对他的诚实产生了怀疑。What he had done cast_doubt_on_his_honesty.8．thirst n．渴，口渴；渴望  (1)satisfy/relieve one's thirst解渴，止渴die of thirst死于干渴a thirst for knowledge如饥似渴的求知欲thirst for sth.渴望/渴求某物(2)thirsty adj.渴的be thirsty for sth.渴望/渴求某物[基础练习]——单句语法填空Drink whenever you feel thirsty(thirst) during exercise.[链接写作]——一句多译虽然他不富裕，但他非常渴求电脑知识。①Though he is not rich，he is_thirsty_for the computer technology. (thirsty)②Though he is not rich，he is_dying_for the computer technology. (dying)③Though he is not rich，he longs_for the computer technology. (long)④Though he is not rich，he is_eager_for the computer technology. (eager)9．show off 炫耀，夸耀；卖弄；显示  on show 公开展出show sb.in 带某人进来show sb.around sp.带某人参观某个地方show up 到达；显现出来；使别人难堪show sb.out 带某人出去show sth.to sb.向某人展示某物[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils.②She showed me around_her factory and introduced me to everybody.③A few hundred people showed off，as well as some television cameramen and reporters.off→up[链接写作]——完成句子你昨天为什么没有参加会议？Why didn't you show_up_at_the_meeting yesterday?10．come into being 形成，存在  come into existence开始存在，建立，产生come into effect/force生效come into use开始被使用come into power掌权come into sight/view看见；进入视野come into fashion开始流行[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①When did the term of “new­new people” come into existence (exist)?②The new tax regulations came into effect/force last month.③The Kingdom of Italy formally came into being(be) on 17 March 1861.④I don't know when the union we have been looking forward to will be come into being.去掉be[链接写作]——完成句子当敌人进入我们的视野再开枪。Don't fire until the enemies come_into_our_sight.11．keep an eye on 照看；密切注视  keep away (from)不使接近，不接近keep back阻止，抵制；扣下；隐瞒keep out使不入内keep up保持，继续，持续keep up with...不落后，赶上keep sb.from doing sth.不让某人做……keep in touch with与……保持联系[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Will you keep an eye on my child for a while?②Food production is not keeping up with population.③We had no way to keep him from getting(get) involved in the matter.④I keep in the touch with them from time to time by the phone.去掉第一个the[链接写作]——完成句子请帮忙照看一下我的行李好吗？Could you do me a favour and keep_an_eye_on_my_luggage?12．knock into 撞上某人  knock about/around闲逛，漫游knock down/over撞倒；打倒；拆除knock at (on) 敲(门、窗、墙等)knock out撞出；敲击knock against撞到……上knock off减价；中断，停止[基础练习]——单句语法填空①The elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson.②He has now knocked out most of the other competitors.③He was knocked over by a bus and broke his leg.[链接写作]——完成句子我们想去北京，在那儿待几天到处逛逛。We want to go to Beijing，and knock_about_for_a_few_days.13．(教材P34)Not increased happiness，but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.(结果)不是更快乐了，而是压力(增加了)，独处和享受与朋友、家人共处的自由支配时间更少了。  [句法句式]not...but...“不是……而是……”，表示取舍关系，常连接主语、表语和宾语。(1)not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，表示递进关系，常连接两个并列的主语、谓语、状语和并列句。(2)若not...but...与not only...but also...连接两个主语，谓语动词应与就近的名词、代词保持人称、数的一致。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Not you but your father is(be) to blame.②They own not one but three houses.③Not only cancer，but also heart and lung disease is influenced by smoking.is→are14．(教材P36)What_if_some married people have affairs？要是一些已婚的人有了婚外情怎么办？  [句法句式]What if...？表示“如果……怎么办？”。(1)how come意为“……是怎么回事？”，可以单独出现在对话中，也可以在how come后接语序完整的陈述句。(2)So what？“那又怎么样？”[金句推送]　(2018·天津卷)What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in?如果他们谈论一幅你不感兴趣的画很长时间你会怎么办？[基础练习]——单句语法填空①What if it rains tomorrow？Will we still have the practice?②Since she spent five years in Paris，how come her French is so bad?[链接写作]——完成句子——他比你小15岁！——那又怎么样？—He is fifteen years younger than you! —So_what？多维训练——夯实基础维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空1．The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.2．Don't take it seriously (serious)—he was only teasing.3．At the party there was food and drink in abundance (abundant)．4．It's high time that you started/should_start (start) working.5．The little girl would rather walk (walk) home from school every afternoon.维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词1．It is good manners(manner) for an Arab to stand close to his friend when they are talking.2．He was sentenced to three years in prison because of family violence.3．The old man was knocked down/over by an electric bike，but fortunately not seriously hurt.4．The girl decided that she would resign herself to his father's guidance.5．The old man doesn't want to be a burden to/on his children.维度3——查缺补漏1．Since everything develops，we have to make an adjustment (adjust) to the changing situation.2．He spoke so clearly as to make himself understood (understand)．3．Why do you want to volunteer for our organization?4．The company was fined(fine) $20,000 for breaking safety regulations.5．3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. 语篇练习——提升能力提能一　单元话题语篇练根据教材课文P34内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In modern society，1.trapped (trap) in a spending circle，most of us work hard to earn more money and 2.when we have more money，we spend more，so we have to work even harder.But the more money we earn，the 3.less (little) we often see it.In the spending circle，we accumulate 4.possessions (possess) and work towards the ownership of bigger and better houses.As a result，what we get is not 5.increased (increase) happiness，6.but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.There is a growing resistance to this consumer society，for it is 7.especially (especial) affecting the youth of today with its modern equipment.Trade unions demand that people share work 8.to_reduce (reduce) unemployment.We should try to control advertising，especially advertising 9.which is aimed at children.Young people should be taught to use their free time in a proper way.We should remember that “being” and “doing” 10.are (be) much more important than “having”．提能二　单元话题写作练1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)①前几天我承担了一项任务，去采访一名罪犯。The other day I undertook_a_task to interview a criminal.②他因闯入一家超市盗取大量的珠宝而被判处三年监禁。He was_sentenced_to_three_years_in_prison because he broke into a supermarket to steal abundant jewellery.③他告诉我他曾经是一个好孩子，当选过班上的班长。He told me he used to be a good boy and was_elected_monitor_in_ his_class.④后来常去一家不良网吧，就变坏了。政府是时候取缔这样的网吧了。But later he often went to a bad cybercafe and he became bad. It_is_high_time_that_the_government_banned such cybercafes.2．升级平淡句(1)用介词短语升级1中的②He was sentenced to three years in prison because_of breaking into a supermarket to steal abundant jewellery.(2)用状语从句升级1中的④But later because he often went to a bad cybercafe，he became bad.It is high time that the government banned such cybercafes.3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：but)The other day I undertook a task to interview a criminal.He was sentenced to three years in prison because of breaking into a supermarket to steal abundant jewellery.He told me he used to be a good boy and was elected monitor in his class.But later because he often went to a bad cybercafe，he became bad.It is high time that the government banned such cybercafes.