2021版英语全能大一轮复习人教版讲义：必修5Unit1　Greatscientists

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必修5

Unit 1　Great scientists

Ⅰ. 多维记忆重点单词

※核心单词速记

1. defeat vt.  打败; 战胜; 使受挫n. 失败

2. expert adj.  熟练的; 经验或知识丰富的n.  专家; 行家

3. attend vt.  照顾; 护理; 出席; 参加

4. expose vt.  暴露; 揭露; 使曝光

5. absorb vt.  吸收; 吸引; 使专心

6. blame vt.  责备; 谴责n. 过失; 责备

7. suspect vt.  认为; 怀疑 n.  被怀疑者; 嫌疑犯

8. positive adj. 积极的; 肯定的; 确实的

9. cure n. 治愈; 痊愈vt. 治愈; 治疗

10. victim n.  受害者

11. foresee vt.  预见; 预知

12. handle n. 柄; 把手vt. 处理; 操纵

13. chart n. 图表

14. enthusiastic adj. 热情的; 热心的

15. pollute vt.  污染; 弄脏

16. link vt. &n.  连接; 联系

17. spin vi. &vt.  (使)旋转; 纺(线或纱)

※联想单词串记

18. science n. 科学→scientific adj. 科学的→scientist n. 科学家

19. conclude vt. &vi. 结束; 推断出→conclusion n. 结论; 结束

20. challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向……挑战→challenging adj. 具有挑战性的

21. severe adj. 严重的; 剧烈的; 严厉的→severely adv.  严重地; 严厉地

22. announce vt.  宣布; 通告→announcement n.  通知; 宣告→announcer n. 播音员; 广播员

23. instruct vt.  命令; 指示; 教导→instruction n.  指导; 指示; 命令

24. construct vt.  建设; 修建→construction n.  建设; 建筑物

25. contribute vt. &vi. 捐献; 贡献; 捐助→contribution n. 捐献; 贡献

26. cautious adj. 小心的, 谨慎的→caution n. 小心; 谨慎→cautiously adv. 小心地; 谨慎地

27. reject vt. 拒绝; 抛弃; 不接受→rejection n. 拒绝; 抛弃

单句语法填空

1. Children exposed(expose)to difficult situations are better at handling those hard tasks.

2. Absorbed(absorb)in his work,  Tom simply forgot food and sleep.

3. Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were handled(handle).

4. I’ve tried to solve the problem,  but it defeats(defeat)me.

5. Who is to blame(blame)for starting the big fire?  

6. I want to be a scientist to make a scientific breakthrough to save people’s lives. (science)

7. Mary announced to her teammates that she was to marry a Chinese boy. The announcement of their marriage would appear in the local newspaper next week. (announce)

8. The workers are constructing the bridge damaged by the flood,  and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town. (construct)

9. The first lady Peng Liyuan has contributed a lot of money to the school and she has made great contributions to education. (contribute)

10. I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge. Last week I got a new job in a big firm,  and I found it very challenging. (challenge)

Ⅱ. 语境记忆重点短语

1. put forward 　　　　　　　提出 

2. draw a conclusion  得出结论 

3. expose. . . to  使显露; 暴露

4. link. . . to. . .   将……和……联系或连

 接起来

5. apart from  除……之外; 此外 

6. make sense  讲得通; 有意义 

7. (be) strict with. . .   对……严格的 

8. be to blame  应受谴责/责备 

9. look into  调查 

10. lead to  导致; 通向 

11. be determined to do sth.   决定做某事 

12. slow down  慢下来 

13. cure sb. of. . .   治愈某人的…… 

用以上短语的适当形式填空

1. Everyone is supposed to put forward some suggestions on how to improve our environment at the meeting.  

2. We must be strict with our students while we should give them love and care as well.  

3. I wrote a letter of complaint,  and the manager has promised to look into the matter.  

4. We can’t draw a conclusion without having a wide investigation into this matter.  

5. Eating too much fat can lead to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.  

6. I think that it is I rather than my sister that am to blame for what has happened.  

7. Don’t waste time thinking about a sentence which doesn’t make sense.  

8. Apart from the English class,  I took an active part in English Corner and other after-class English activities.  

Ⅲ. 应用记忆经典句式

1. Neither(既不) its cause nor(也不) its cure was understood. (neither. . . nor. . . 既不……也不……)

2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak(每次霍乱爆发时). (every time作连词引导时间状语从句) 

3. To prevent(为防止)this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined(被检测). (不定式作目的状语/suggest(建议)+宾语从句) 

4. Only if you put the sun there(只有当你把太阳放在那儿)did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. (only if置于句首的倒装句) 

5. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it(行星都围绕着太阳转)and only the moon still going round the earth. (with sb. /sth. doing复合结构) 

6. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying(死亡)in 1543. (doing作伴随状语)

句式仿写

1. 父亲和孩子们对这部新电视剧都不感兴趣。

Neither the father nor the children are interested in the new TV play.

2. 只有当我有一份兼职工作时,  我才有足够的钱买一套新房子。

Only if I get a part-time job will I have enough money to buy a new apartment.  

3. 你每次借书时都必须出示借书证。

You must present your library ticket every time you borrow books.   

4. 为了在考试中取得好成绩, 他努力学习。

To do well in the exam,  he studies hard.  

话题——人物介绍

　　请根据以下提示, 为你班黑板报写一则关于世界著名的农业专家袁隆平的简介, 向同学们介绍这位伟大的科学家。

1. 大学时代热衷于学习, 并吸取很多知识。

2. 毕业后, 对工作要求严格, 经常日晒雨淋。他下定决心提高水稻产量并积极进行农业研究, 虽然有很多困难, 但从不放弃。

3. 提出了许多先进理论, 并向世界宣布已经成功研发出了一种新的水稻品种。由于他对农业的巨大贡献, 被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。

【参考范文】

  ①When he studied in the university,  Yuan Longping was fond of study and absorbed a lot of knowledge.

  After graduation,  he was strict in his work and often exposed himself to the sun and rain. He was determined to increase rice harvest and active in doing agriculture research. ②Despite all hardships,  he never gave up.

  At last he put forward many advanced theories and announced to the world that he had succeeded in developing a new type of rice. Thanks to the great contributions to agriculture,  he was honored as “Father of Hybrid Rice”.

话题词汇摘要

1. 热衷于　　 　　　　be fond of  

2. 在……方面严格要求 be strict in sth.  

3. 日晒雨淋 expose oneself to the sun and rain 

4. 下定决心做某事 was determined to 

5. 积极做某事  be active in doing sth.  

6. 虽然有很多困难 despite all hardships 

7. 提出 put forward  

8. 成功做某事  succeed in doing sth.  

9. 多亏, 由于 thanks to 

10. 被誉为 be honored as 

词汇句式升级

1. 按要求升级句①

词汇升级: 用enthusiastic 短语替换上句中的词汇

When he studied in the university,  Yuan Longping was enthusiastic about study and absorbed a lot of knowledge.  

2. 按要求升级句②

句式升级: 用倒装改写句子

Never did he give up despite all hardships.  

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