2021版英语全能大一轮复习外研版讲义：写作技法点拨系列五
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写作技法点拨系列
五、完美衔接过渡, 巧妙起承转合
高考书面表达最高档次的评分标准要求“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分, 使全文结构紧凑”。要想在高考有限的时间里写出能获得较高分数的书面表达, 就必须应用恰当的衔接过渡词汇来使句子、段落之间的衔接通顺自然, 达到内容连贯、 文章结构紧凑的目的。
1. 语句间常用的衔接过渡词汇
表起始 | first of all; according to; in my opinion; as far as I am concerned; as far as I know; as for me |
表递进 | besides; what’s more; what’s worse; furthermore; in addition to; additionally |
表并列 | also; as well(as); or; either. . . or. . . ; neither. . . nor. . . ; not only. . . but also; both. . . and |
表因果 | therefore; thanks to; as a result of. . . ; because of; due to; owing to |
表强调 | above all; indeed; surely; certainly; of course; at least; obviously |
表解释 | that is to say; in other words; believe it or not; to tell you the truth; namely; actually |
表比较 | just as; just like; in the same way; similarly |
表空间 | on the left/right; to the left/right; on one side of. . . ; at the foot/top/end of |
表时间 | at first; in the beginning; next; then; later; about two months later; after a while; soon; soon after that; after that; afterwards; since then; meanwhile; in the end; at last; finally |
表转折 或对比 | however; on the other hand; on the contrary; in spite of; after all; in fact; as a matter of fact |
表列举 | for one thing. . . and for another(thing); first; firstly; second(ly); third(ly); last but not least |
表举例 | for example; for instance; take. . . for example; such as; as follows; and so on |
表总结 | in short; in a word; in conclusion; in brief; generally speaking; to sum up; all in all |
2. 段落间常用的衔接过渡词汇
文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成, 在修辞中称为起、承、转、合。“起”是文章的开头, 讲究简洁有力、引人入胜; “承”“转”是文章的中间部分, 讲究内容充实、层次清晰; “合”是文章的结尾部分, 讲究照应主题、回味深远。一篇错落有致、行文流畅的作文不仅能从视觉上吸引阅卷老师, 更能从文笔上打动阅卷老师, 作文取得高分甚至是满分也就在情理之中。
用于“起”的过渡词汇(用在段落或文章的开头) | first; first of all; at first; in the first place; firstly; to begin with; to start with; recently; now; at present; in recent years; lately; currently等 |
用于“承”的过渡词汇(用在段落中的第一个扩展句中) | second; similarly; in addition; besides; then; furthermore; moreover; what is more; what is worse; for example; for instance; certainly; surely; obviously等 |
用于“转”的过渡词汇(用在段落中的第二个扩展句中) | but; however; on the other hand; on the contrary; in contrast; in any case; nevertheless(虽然如此); otherwise; or; or else; while; whereas; in spite of; yet; instead等 |
用于“合”的过渡词汇(用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中) | in a word; in general; in short; above all; after all; generally speaking; to sum up; finally; in conclusion; at last; in summary; therefore; as a result; thus; eventually; hence; on the whole等 |
近来, 中学生普遍缺乏自我保护意识这一问题备受关注, 请你用英语写一篇短文:
1. 概括中学生自我保护的重要性;
2. 就如何保护自己谈谈你的看法(至少两点)。
请阅读下面短文, 选择方框中适当的过渡性词语使文章结构更紧凑。
above all; besides; meanwhile; for one thing; for
another thing; personally; in a word
Recently, it has been a great public concern that the students lack self-protection awareness.
There is a lack of social experience among students and therefore learning how to protect ourselves is of great significance to us all. ①For one thing, security comes first. Without security, we can achieve nothing and cannot live up to our parents’ expectations. ②For another thing, protecting ourselves contributes to the healthy development of the students, which is associated with the happiness of every family. ③Meanwhile, it also helps to build a more harmonious society.
④Personally, in order to protect us students, ⑤above all, we should strengthen our security awareness. ⑥Besides, when accidents occur, we should calm down and turn to teachers or parents for help. The government also plays a leading role in protecting students. ⑦In a word, only by the combined efforts of every side involved can we live and study in harmony.
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