2021版英语全能大一轮复习外研版讲义：写作技法点拨系列三
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写作技法点拨系列
三、通晓三大复合句式, 用好复合句
复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句构成的句子。从句只充当句子的一个成分。根据从句在句子中的作用, 可分为定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句三类。
1. 定语从句
在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句, 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as和关系副词where, when, why等。例如:
·(2019·北京高考) Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
·(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over.
【点津】写好定语从句的三个步骤
例如: 去海边度假是个好主意。在那里我们可以享受阳光、蓝天和新鲜空气。
(1)首先写出简单句
It is a good idea to go to the seaside for a holiday. We can enjoy sunshine, blue sky and fresh air there.
(2)然后找出简单句中意义上重叠的词汇: the seaside和there。
(3)最后用相应的关系词连接
It is a good idea to go to the seaside for a holiday, where we can enjoy sunshine, blue sky and fresh air.
2. 名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词, 可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
引导词类别 | 常用词语 | 用法 |
从属连词 | that, whether/if | 只起连接作用, 不作成分 |
连接代词 | what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whichever | 起连接作用, 并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语 |
连接副词 | how, when, why, where, however, whenever, wherever | 起连接作用, 并在从句中充当状语 |
·(2019·浙江6月高考) What’s particularly interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause.
·(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) However, I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of camps among tons of rubbish.
3. 状语从句
在复合句中作状语成分的从句, 称为状语从句。常见状语从句的类型及连词如下:
状语 从句 | 连词 |
时间 | when, whenever, as, while, (ever) since, before, after, till, until, as soon as, hardly. . . when. . . , no sooner. . . than. . . , scarcely. . . when. . . , each time, every time |
地点 | where, wherever |
条件 | if, unless, providing/provided (that), supposing/suppose (that), given (that), as long as |
原因 | because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that |
让步 | though, although, even if, even though, as, while, no matter+疑问词, whether. . . or. . . |
比较 | than, the same as, not so. . . as. . . , as. . . as. . . |
方式 | as if, as though, as |
目的 | that, in order that, so that, in case, for fear (that), lest |
结果 | so that, so. . . that. . . , such. . . that. . . |
·(2019·北京高考)If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates to buy them a meal.
·When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
Ⅰ. 将以下句子改为复合句
1. The water was too dirty for us to drink.
→The water was so dirty that we can’t drink it.
2. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for the party.
→If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late for the party.
3. He built a lab at the age of nine.
→He built a lab when he was nine.
4. The teacher demanded us to come earlier.
→The teacher demanded that we should come earlier.
5. He came late because of the bad traffic.
→He came late because/as the traffic was bad.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示, 补全下列句子
1. I would like to know when the movie will end(电影什么时候结束).
2. As we all know, a good learning atmosphere is vital if we want to learn English well(如果我们想学好英语).
3. I’d like to invite you to the Tea Culture Festival, where you can taste all kinds of tea from across the world(在那里你可以品尝到来自世界各地的各种各样的茶).
4. You still have a lot of time to practice before the contest starts(在竞赛开始之前).
5. As our living conditions improve(随着我们生活条件的提高), it is not necessary for several generations to live together any more.
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