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2021高三统考人教英语一轮（经典版）学案：第一部分Book3Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote
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Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
基础自主检测
阅读识记
Ⅰ.英译汉
1.birthplace n. 出生地；故乡
2.phrase n. 短语；词组；惯用语
3.pavement n. 人行道
4.embassy n. 大使馆；大使及其官员
5.genuine adj. 真的；真诚的
6.barber n. 理发师
Ⅱ.汉译英
1.businessman n. 商人
2.bay n. 海湾
3.envelope n. 信封
4.scream vi. 尖声叫 n. 尖叫声；喊叫声
5.rag n. 破布；碎布
6.bow vi.& n. 鞠躬；弯腰
高频应用
1.wander vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊
2.ahead adv. 在前；向前；提前
3.stare vi. 凝视；盯着看
4.fault n. 过错；缺点；故障
5.spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 斑点；污点；地点
6.passage n. 船费 (包括食宿)；通道；(一)段
7.account vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有 n. 说明；理由；计算；账目
8.contrary n. 反面；对立面 adj. 相反的；相违的
9.amount n. 数量
10.manner n. 礼貌；举止；方式
11.indeed adv. 真正地；确实；实在
拓展变形
1.novel (n.) 小说；长篇故事 (adj.) 新奇的；异常的→novelist (n.) 小说家
2.adventure (n.) 奇遇；冒险→adventurous (adj.) 冒险的
3.scene (n.) (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色→scenery (n.) 景色
4.permit (vt.& vi.) 许可；允许；准许 (n.) 通行证；许可证；执照→permission (n.) 允许；许可→permitted (过去式/过去分词)
5.seek (vt.& vi.) 寻找；探索；寻求→sought (过去式/过去分词)
6.patience (n.) 耐性；忍耐→patient (adj.) 耐心的；有耐性的→patiently (adv.) 有耐心地
7.believe (vt.) 相信；信任→belief (n.) 信念；信仰→unbelievable (adj.) 难以置信的→believable (adj.) 可相信的
8.rude (adj.) 粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely (adv.) 粗鲁地→rudeness (n.) 粗鲁
1.前缀un必备形容词集锦
①unbelievable 难以置信的
②unable 不能的，不会的
③unimportant 不重要的
④unequal 不平等的
⑤unreasonable 不合理的
⑥unwilling 不愿意的
2.以ssion结尾的名词集锦
①permission 许可
②discussion 讨论
③possession 拥有
④expression 表情
⑤impression 印象
一 动词＋介/副词
1.bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出
2.go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
3.stare at 凝视；盯着看
4.account for 导致；解释
二 介词＋名词
5.in rags 衣衫褴褛
6.by accident 偶然；无意中；不小心
7.on the contrary 与此相反；正相反
三 动词＋名词
8.make a bet 打赌
9.take a chance 冒险
四 其他
10.a large amount of 许多；大量
11.as for 关于；至于
12.from the bottom of one's heart 发自内心
1.“v.＋for”高频短语聚焦
①account for 是……的原因；解释；占(比例)
②apply for 申请
③call for 要求；需要 ④care for 喜欢
⑤answer for 对……负责 ⑥arrange for 安排
⑦leave for 出发去(某地) ⑧hope for 希望；期望
2.“take a(n)＋n.”一览
①take a chance 冒险；碰运气
②take an opportunity 抓住机会
③take a seat 就座
④take a shower 淋浴，洗澡
⑤take an exam 参加考试
⑥take an example 举例，示范
⑦take a nap 小睡一会儿
⑧take a break 休息一下
1.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea (发觉自己被刮到海里去了) by a strong wind.(教材P18)
2.had just done ... when ... “刚做完……，这时……”
The next morning I'd just about given myself up (我正感到绝望的时候) for lost when I was spotted by a ship (这时一艘船发现了我). (教材P18)
3.强调句型： It＋be＋被强调部分＋that ...
And it was the ship that (正是那艘船) brought you to England. (教材P18)
4.主语从句：It is wellknown that ... “众所周知”，it作形式主语，后面的that从句为真正的主语
It is wellknown that (众所周知) Americans like to eat a lot. (教材P22)
5.whenever＝no matter when，引导让步状语从句
Indeed, sir, I hope you'll come here whenever you like (您想来的时候就来). (教材P22)
单句语法填空
1.At this moment, they see a penniless young man (wander) on the pavement.
答案：wandering
2.It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
答案：who
3.I wonder, Mr Adams, you'd mind us asking a few questions.
答案：if
4.The fact is I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, accounts for my appearance.
答案：that; which
5. you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have？
答案：If
6.We know you're hardworking. That's we've given you the letter.
答案：why
7.It's (amaze) how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life.
答案：amazing
8.Henry is surprised but the owner and the waiter are (shock).
答案：shocked
9.I'm so sorry, sir, I cannot change this bank note.
答案：but
10.You must come whenever you want and have you like.
答案：whatever
考点步步冲关
1 scene n. (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
Act I, Scene 3 (P17)
第一幕，第3场
on the scene 在现场；出现；到场
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中
be/come on the scene 出场；登场
[名师点津] scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句时，若关系词在定语从句中作状语，一般用关系副词where或in which来引导。
即时练1
单句语法填空
①Nine people died the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.
②On receiving the call, the police rushed to the scene, a traffic accident happened.
答案：①on ②where/in which
2 permit v．允许；准许；许可
n．许可证；执照；通行证
Permit me to lead the way, sir. (P18)
先生，请让我来带路吧。
允许某人(做)某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
a driver's/driving permit 驾驶执照
(2)permission n. [U]允许；许可
with/without one's permission 得到允许/未经允许
ask for permission 请求允许
[名师点津] 与permit一样，后面直接跟doing或sb. to do sth.的动词还有：encourage, allow, advise, recommend, forbid等。
即时练2
单句语法填空
①She had asked the government for (permit) to move the books to a safe place, but they refused.
②The government has already permitted the company (use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.
答案：①permission ②to use
单句写作
③时间允许的话，我要去参观长城。
， I will visit the Great Wall.(用if从句)
→ ， I will visit the Great Wall.(用独立主格形式)
④你若没有驾驶执照，就不允许开这辆车。
Without you drive the car.
⑤没有你的许可，我决不会执行这项任务。
， I will never carry out the project.
答案：③If time permits; Time permitting ④a driver's/driving permit; are not permitted to ⑤Without your permission
3 account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有
n．说明；理由；计算；账目；报道
The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.(P18)
事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。
(1)account for 解释；说明；占……(比例)
(2)on account of 由于；因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
(3)take ... into account＝take ... into consideration 考虑……
(4)open an account 开设账户
即时练3
根据提示，在下面表示“决不”的短语中填入介词
① no case
② no means
③ no time
④ no way
⑤ no circumstances
⑥ no account
答案：①in ②by ③at ④in ⑤in/under ⑥on
单句写作
⑦因为缺钱，她不能继续学习了。
Lack of money her not continuing her studies.
⑧他由于健康不佳而退休了。
He retired poor health.
⑨离开住宅时千万要锁门。
On no account left unlocked.
⑩那可能还不错，但是我们必须全面考虑。
That might be OK, but we must .
答案：⑦accounts for ⑧on account of ⑨should the house be ⑩take everything into account/consideration
4 seek vt.& vi.(sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
I went to the American embassy to seek help, but ... (P18)
我去美国大使馆求助，但是……
seek after/for sth. 追寻/追求/寻找某物
seek sth. from sb. 向某人寻求某物
seek one's fortune 寻找致富及成功之道
seek sb./sth. out 找出或找到某人/某物
seek to do sth.＝try/attempt to do sth. 试图/企图做某事
[名师点津] 表示“寻找”的短语还有：look for, search for, hunt for等。
即时练4
单句语法填空
①How can we seek a really suitable person for the job?
②He is a man who likes seeking wealth and power.
③We seek (help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the process of learning.
答案：①out ②after ③to help
单句写作
④事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。
The fact is that nowadays many young people are in big cities.
答案：seeking their fortune
1
bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
教材
原句
He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River.(P17)
他在密西西比河畔密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。
bring about 导致；造成
bring back 带回；恢复；使回忆
bring down 降低；减少
bring in 带来；引进；赚钱
bring out 使显现；出版
bring sth. to life 使……复苏
即时练1
写出下列句中bring up的含义
①These are matters that you can bring up in the committee.
②We are brought up to respect others.
③Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
④He was so sick that he brought up everything.
答案：①提出 ②教育 ③教育；抚养 ④呕吐
用bring相关短语的适当形式填空
⑤He left her to three young children on her own.
⑥His singing my memories of my father.
⑦The new plan will the inflation rate.
⑧The boy about 30 dollars a week by doing that odd job.
答案：⑤bring up ⑥brings back ⑦bring down ⑧brings in
2
go ahead 前进；先走；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；请说；请做；干吧；开始吧
教材
原句
Go right ahead.(P18)
请问吧。
go ahead with ... 开始/进行……
go against 反对；不利于；与……相背
go without 没有……也行；将就……
go out 外出；(灯、火)熄灭
go over 仔细检查；反复研究
go through 仔细查看；遭受；经历
go after 追求；设法获得
go wrong 出毛病
即时练2
用go相关短语的适当形式填空
①—Do you mind if I smoke here?
— .
② your story; we are all ears.
③The famous singer's behavior social morality and law.
④There's no money for a holiday; we'll have to .
⑤You can have what you want, only if you will it.
答案：①Go ahead ②Go ahead with ③goes against ④go without ⑤go after
3
take a chance 冒险；碰运气
教材
原句
Well, we'll have to take a chance.(P22)
哦，我们得冒点儿风险。
take chances＝take a chance冒险
have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
by chance＝by accident偶然；碰巧
The chances are (that) ... 有可能……(that引导表语从句)
There is a chance that ... 可能……(that引导同位语从句)
即时练3
单句语法填空
①What's more, I consider it a good chance (enjoy) the wonderful scenery and taste the delicious food here and there.
②I ran into her chance one night and got her email address.
答案：①to enjoy ②by
一句多译
如果他得到及时的治疗，他很可能在一个星期内康复。
③ he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment. (the chances are ... )
④ he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment. (there be ... )
答案：③The chances are that ④There is a chance that
1
Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.(P18)
翻译
哦，快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。
(1)find＋宾语＋
(2)可用于复合宾语结构的动词有：see, hear, watch, notice, have等。
(3)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)
即时练1
单句语法填空
①But when the police arrived, they found the door (lock) and all windows closed.
②A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (smoke) in the kitchen.
③That's why she often finds herself (help) when she meets with some challenges.
答案：①locked ②smoking ③helpless
单句写作——句式升级
④他发现女儿被书和信件包围着，看上去很焦急。
a．普通表达：
He found that his daughter books and letters and that she looked very worried.
b．高级表达：
He found his daughter books and letters and . (分词作宾补)
答案：a.was surrounded by b．surrounded by; looking very worried
2
The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.(P18)
翻译
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
(1)had just done ... when ... 刚做完……这时……；when在这个结构中为并列连词，相当于and then或and just at that time。
(2)其他结构相同的句型还有：
be doing ... when ... 正在做……这时/突然……
be about to do ... when ... 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing ... when ... 正要做……这时……
即时练2
单句语法填空
①I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
②He had walked for about a mile a volunteer searcher found him.
答案：①was driving ②when
单句写作
③我正打算离开时，突然有人给他打电话。
I someone called him up.
④一天早上，我正步行去上学，就在这时发现了一个坐在长凳上读报纸的人。
One morning, I on the bench reading newspapers.
答案：③was just about to leave/was on the point of leaving when ④was walking to school when I found a man sitting
名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句
宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句(Object Clause)。引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连词that, whether, if等；连接代词what, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等；连接副词when, where, why, how等。
①He told me that he would go to Guangzhou the following day.
他告诉我他第二天要去广州。
②I don't know if/whether he will attend the meeting.
我不知道他是否会参加会议。
③I want to know where she has gone.
我想知道她去哪里了。
(1)宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中需用陈述句语序。
④Where is the post office? He doesn't know.
→He doesn't know where the post office is.
他不知道邮局在哪里。
(2)宾语从句中的时态
宾语从句的时态应与主句谓语动词时态呼应。(客观事实除外)
⑤He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们当时正在开会。
⑥He said that light travels much faster than sound.
他说光传播速度比声音快得多。
表语从句
在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句(Predicative Clause)，通常由连词that, whether；连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等以及连接副词when, where, how, why引导。从句的语序用陈述语序。此外，表语从句还可用as if, as though, because等引导。if不引导表语从句。
⑦What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
他想知道的是到明天早晨我们是否能完成工作。
⑧The patient looked as if he had been ill for a long time.
这个病人看起来好像病了很长一段时间。
⑨The reason why he was so late was that he missed the first bus this morning.
他如此晚的原因是他今天早晨错过了第一辆公共汽车。
即时练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not knowing she was heading.
答案：where
2．He asked me I could help him.
答案：whether/if
3．Please tell me my mother will return from abroad, so I can meet her at the airport.
答案：when
4．It is the same old story of not being grateful for we have until we lose it.
答案：what
5．After five hours' drive, they reached they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
答案：what
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The problem is that who will be equal to the task.
答案：去掉that
2．We can't imagine how the ancient life was like.
答案：how→what
3．I'll give her however she needs.
答案：however→whatever
4．The telephone is ringing. Answer it to see whoever is calling.
答案：whoever→who
5．The members of his family are proud of that he has achieved in the past three years.
答案：that→what
基础达标演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Good (manner) are key to your social success.
答案：manners
2．It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others' kindness and (rude)．
答案：rudeness
3．I don't know how they manage (bring) up four children, for they are as poor as church mice.
答案：to bring
4．I (wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station.
答案：was wandering
5．Finally he lost his (patient) and started to yell at his mother.
答案：patience
6．Many people spend years (seek) for peace of mind, often with little success.
答案：seeking
7．When he came to himself, he found himself (lock) in the room.
答案：locked
8．His health does not permit him (climb) the hill.
答案：to climb
9．It is the children are making so much noise in the garden.
答案：who/that
10．Tom's careless driving accounted the accident yesterday.
答案：for
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．When we wanted to go through the forest, we found ourselves losing.
答案：losing→lost
2．I had just finished writing the novel then the electricity was cut off.
答案：then→when
3．The manager had mercy on the children dressed in rag and gave them some food.
答案：rag→rags
4．There is a chance he will attend the important meeting.
答案：chance后加that
5．I need to call my dad and ask for permit before we go out.
答案：permit→permission
Ⅲ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．上周六，我在街上溜达时无意中碰见了我妈妈的一个好朋友。(wander; by accident)
答案：Last Saturday, I was wandering along the street when I met one of my mother's good friends by accident.
2．她开始向我诉说我妈妈抚养我有多么不容易。(bring up)
答案：She began to tell me the great difficulty my mum had bringing me up.
3．说实话，我不想让她继续说下去。(go ahead)
答案：To be honest, I didn't want her to go ahead with the story.
4．不是因为我不礼貌。(manner)
答案：It was not because I had bad manners.
5．相反，我不想回忆起那段痛苦的日子。(contrary)
答案：On the contrary, I didn't want to recall that painful memory.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：Last Saturday, I was wandering along the street when I met one of my mother's good friends by accident. She began to tell me the great difficulty my mum had bringing me up. To be honest, I didn't want her to go ahead with the story. It was not because I had bad manners. On the contrary, I didn't want to recall that painful memory.
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
基础自主检测
阅读识记
Ⅰ.英译汉
1.birthplace n. 出生地；故乡
2.phrase n. 短语；词组；惯用语
3.pavement n. 人行道
4.embassy n. 大使馆；大使及其官员
5.genuine adj. 真的；真诚的
6.barber n. 理发师
Ⅱ.汉译英
1.businessman n. 商人
2.bay n. 海湾
3.envelope n. 信封
4.scream vi. 尖声叫 n. 尖叫声；喊叫声
5.rag n. 破布；碎布
6.bow vi.& n. 鞠躬；弯腰
高频应用
1.wander vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊
2.ahead adv. 在前；向前；提前
3.stare vi. 凝视；盯着看
4.fault n. 过错；缺点；故障
5.spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 斑点；污点；地点
6.passage n. 船费 (包括食宿)；通道；(一)段
7.account vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有 n. 说明；理由；计算；账目
8.contrary n. 反面；对立面 adj. 相反的；相违的
9.amount n. 数量
10.manner n. 礼貌；举止；方式
11.indeed adv. 真正地；确实；实在
拓展变形
1.novel (n.) 小说；长篇故事 (adj.) 新奇的；异常的→novelist (n.) 小说家
2.adventure (n.) 奇遇；冒险→adventurous (adj.) 冒险的
3.scene (n.) (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色→scenery (n.) 景色
4.permit (vt.& vi.) 许可；允许；准许 (n.) 通行证；许可证；执照→permission (n.) 允许；许可→permitted (过去式/过去分词)
5.seek (vt.& vi.) 寻找；探索；寻求→sought (过去式/过去分词)
6.patience (n.) 耐性；忍耐→patient (adj.) 耐心的；有耐性的→patiently (adv.) 有耐心地
7.believe (vt.) 相信；信任→belief (n.) 信念；信仰→unbelievable (adj.) 难以置信的→believable (adj.) 可相信的
8.rude (adj.) 粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely (adv.) 粗鲁地→rudeness (n.) 粗鲁
1.前缀un必备形容词集锦
①unbelievable 难以置信的
②unable 不能的，不会的
③unimportant 不重要的
④unequal 不平等的
⑤unreasonable 不合理的
⑥unwilling 不愿意的
2.以ssion结尾的名词集锦
①permission 许可
②discussion 讨论
③possession 拥有
④expression 表情
⑤impression 印象
一 动词＋介/副词
1.bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出
2.go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
3.stare at 凝视；盯着看
4.account for 导致；解释
二 介词＋名词
5.in rags 衣衫褴褛
6.by accident 偶然；无意中；不小心
7.on the contrary 与此相反；正相反
三 动词＋名词
8.make a bet 打赌
9.take a chance 冒险
四 其他
10.a large amount of 许多；大量
11.as for 关于；至于
12.from the bottom of one's heart 发自内心
1.“v.＋for”高频短语聚焦
①account for 是……的原因；解释；占(比例)
②apply for 申请
③call for 要求；需要 ④care for 喜欢
⑤answer for 对……负责 ⑥arrange for 安排
⑦leave for 出发去(某地) ⑧hope for 希望；期望
2.“take a(n)＋n.”一览
①take a chance 冒险；碰运气
②take an opportunity 抓住机会
③take a seat 就座
④take a shower 淋浴，洗澡
⑤take an exam 参加考试
⑥take an example 举例，示范
⑦take a nap 小睡一会儿
⑧take a break 休息一下
1.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea (发觉自己被刮到海里去了) by a strong wind.(教材P18)
2.had just done ... when ... “刚做完……，这时……”
The next morning I'd just about given myself up (我正感到绝望的时候) for lost when I was spotted by a ship (这时一艘船发现了我). (教材P18)
3.强调句型： It＋be＋被强调部分＋that ...
And it was the ship that (正是那艘船) brought you to England. (教材P18)
4.主语从句：It is wellknown that ... “众所周知”，it作形式主语，后面的that从句为真正的主语
It is wellknown that (众所周知) Americans like to eat a lot. (教材P22)
5.whenever＝no matter when，引导让步状语从句
Indeed, sir, I hope you'll come here whenever you like (您想来的时候就来). (教材P22)
单句语法填空
1.At this moment, they see a penniless young man (wander) on the pavement.
答案：wandering
2.It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
答案：who
3.I wonder, Mr Adams, you'd mind us asking a few questions.
答案：if
4.The fact is I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, accounts for my appearance.
答案：that; which
5. you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have？
答案：If
6.We know you're hardworking. That's we've given you the letter.
答案：why
7.It's (amaze) how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life.
答案：amazing
8.Henry is surprised but the owner and the waiter are (shock).
答案：shocked
9.I'm so sorry, sir, I cannot change this bank note.
答案：but
10.You must come whenever you want and have you like.
答案：whatever
考点步步冲关
1 scene n. (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
Act I, Scene 3 (P17)
第一幕，第3场
on the scene 在现场；出现；到场
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中
be/come on the scene 出场；登场
[名师点津] scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句时，若关系词在定语从句中作状语，一般用关系副词where或in which来引导。
即时练1
单句语法填空
①Nine people died the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.
②On receiving the call, the police rushed to the scene, a traffic accident happened.
答案：①on ②where/in which
2 permit v．允许；准许；许可
n．许可证；执照；通行证
Permit me to lead the way, sir. (P18)
先生，请让我来带路吧。
允许某人(做)某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
a driver's/driving permit 驾驶执照
(2)permission n. [U]允许；许可
with/without one's permission 得到允许/未经允许
ask for permission 请求允许
[名师点津] 与permit一样，后面直接跟doing或sb. to do sth.的动词还有：encourage, allow, advise, recommend, forbid等。
即时练2
单句语法填空
①She had asked the government for (permit) to move the books to a safe place, but they refused.
②The government has already permitted the company (use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.
答案：①permission ②to use
单句写作
③时间允许的话，我要去参观长城。
， I will visit the Great Wall.(用if从句)
→ ， I will visit the Great Wall.(用独立主格形式)
④你若没有驾驶执照，就不允许开这辆车。
Without you drive the car.
⑤没有你的许可，我决不会执行这项任务。
， I will never carry out the project.
答案：③If time permits; Time permitting ④a driver's/driving permit; are not permitted to ⑤Without your permission
3 account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有
n．说明；理由；计算；账目；报道
The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.(P18)
事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。
(1)account for 解释；说明；占……(比例)
(2)on account of 由于；因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
(3)take ... into account＝take ... into consideration 考虑……
(4)open an account 开设账户
即时练3
根据提示，在下面表示“决不”的短语中填入介词
① no case
② no means
③ no time
④ no way
⑤ no circumstances
⑥ no account
答案：①in ②by ③at ④in ⑤in/under ⑥on
单句写作
⑦因为缺钱，她不能继续学习了。
Lack of money her not continuing her studies.
⑧他由于健康不佳而退休了。
He retired poor health.
⑨离开住宅时千万要锁门。
On no account left unlocked.
⑩那可能还不错，但是我们必须全面考虑。
That might be OK, but we must .
答案：⑦accounts for ⑧on account of ⑨should the house be ⑩take everything into account/consideration
4 seek vt.& vi.(sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
I went to the American embassy to seek help, but ... (P18)
我去美国大使馆求助，但是……
seek after/for sth. 追寻/追求/寻找某物
seek sth. from sb. 向某人寻求某物
seek one's fortune 寻找致富及成功之道
seek sb./sth. out 找出或找到某人/某物
seek to do sth.＝try/attempt to do sth. 试图/企图做某事
[名师点津] 表示“寻找”的短语还有：look for, search for, hunt for等。
即时练4
单句语法填空
①How can we seek a really suitable person for the job?
②He is a man who likes seeking wealth and power.
③We seek (help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the process of learning.
答案：①out ②after ③to help
单句写作
④事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。
The fact is that nowadays many young people are in big cities.
答案：seeking their fortune
1
bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
教材
原句
He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River.(P17)
他在密西西比河畔密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。
bring about 导致；造成
bring back 带回；恢复；使回忆
bring down 降低；减少
bring in 带来；引进；赚钱
bring out 使显现；出版
bring sth. to life 使……复苏
即时练1
写出下列句中bring up的含义
①These are matters that you can bring up in the committee.
②We are brought up to respect others.
③Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
④He was so sick that he brought up everything.
答案：①提出 ②教育 ③教育；抚养 ④呕吐
用bring相关短语的适当形式填空
⑤He left her to three young children on her own.
⑥His singing my memories of my father.
⑦The new plan will the inflation rate.
⑧The boy about 30 dollars a week by doing that odd job.
答案：⑤bring up ⑥brings back ⑦bring down ⑧brings in
2
go ahead 前进；先走；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；请说；请做；干吧；开始吧
教材
原句
Go right ahead.(P18)
请问吧。
go ahead with ... 开始/进行……
go against 反对；不利于；与……相背
go without 没有……也行；将就……
go out 外出；(灯、火)熄灭
go over 仔细检查；反复研究
go through 仔细查看；遭受；经历
go after 追求；设法获得
go wrong 出毛病
即时练2
用go相关短语的适当形式填空
①—Do you mind if I smoke here?
— .
② your story; we are all ears.
③The famous singer's behavior social morality and law.
④There's no money for a holiday; we'll have to .
⑤You can have what you want, only if you will it.
答案：①Go ahead ②Go ahead with ③goes against ④go without ⑤go after
3
take a chance 冒险；碰运气
教材
原句
Well, we'll have to take a chance.(P22)
哦，我们得冒点儿风险。
take chances＝take a chance冒险
have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
by chance＝by accident偶然；碰巧
The chances are (that) ... 有可能……(that引导表语从句)
There is a chance that ... 可能……(that引导同位语从句)
即时练3
单句语法填空
①What's more, I consider it a good chance (enjoy) the wonderful scenery and taste the delicious food here and there.
②I ran into her chance one night and got her email address.
答案：①to enjoy ②by
一句多译
如果他得到及时的治疗，他很可能在一个星期内康复。
③ he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment. (the chances are ... )
④ he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment. (there be ... )
答案：③The chances are that ④There is a chance that
1
Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.(P18)
翻译
哦，快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。
(1)find＋宾语＋
(2)可用于复合宾语结构的动词有：see, hear, watch, notice, have等。
(3)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)
即时练1
单句语法填空
①But when the police arrived, they found the door (lock) and all windows closed.
②A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (smoke) in the kitchen.
③That's why she often finds herself (help) when she meets with some challenges.
答案：①locked ②smoking ③helpless
单句写作——句式升级
④他发现女儿被书和信件包围着，看上去很焦急。
a．普通表达：
He found that his daughter books and letters and that she looked very worried.
b．高级表达：
He found his daughter books and letters and . (分词作宾补)
答案：a.was surrounded by b．surrounded by; looking very worried
2
The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.(P18)
翻译
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
(1)had just done ... when ... 刚做完……这时……；when在这个结构中为并列连词，相当于and then或and just at that time。
(2)其他结构相同的句型还有：
be doing ... when ... 正在做……这时/突然……
be about to do ... when ... 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing ... when ... 正要做……这时……
即时练2
单句语法填空
①I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
②He had walked for about a mile a volunteer searcher found him.
答案：①was driving ②when
单句写作
③我正打算离开时，突然有人给他打电话。
I someone called him up.
④一天早上，我正步行去上学，就在这时发现了一个坐在长凳上读报纸的人。
One morning, I on the bench reading newspapers.
答案：③was just about to leave/was on the point of leaving when ④was walking to school when I found a man sitting
名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句
宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句(Object Clause)。引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连词that, whether, if等；连接代词what, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等；连接副词when, where, why, how等。
①He told me that he would go to Guangzhou the following day.
他告诉我他第二天要去广州。
②I don't know if/whether he will attend the meeting.
我不知道他是否会参加会议。
③I want to know where she has gone.
我想知道她去哪里了。
(1)宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中需用陈述句语序。
④Where is the post office? He doesn't know.
→He doesn't know where the post office is.
他不知道邮局在哪里。
(2)宾语从句中的时态
宾语从句的时态应与主句谓语动词时态呼应。(客观事实除外)
⑤He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们当时正在开会。
⑥He said that light travels much faster than sound.
他说光传播速度比声音快得多。
表语从句
在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句(Predicative Clause)，通常由连词that, whether；连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等以及连接副词when, where, how, why引导。从句的语序用陈述语序。此外，表语从句还可用as if, as though, because等引导。if不引导表语从句。
⑦What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
他想知道的是到明天早晨我们是否能完成工作。
⑧The patient looked as if he had been ill for a long time.
这个病人看起来好像病了很长一段时间。
⑨The reason why he was so late was that he missed the first bus this morning.
他如此晚的原因是他今天早晨错过了第一辆公共汽车。
即时练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not knowing she was heading.
答案：where
2．He asked me I could help him.
答案：whether/if
3．Please tell me my mother will return from abroad, so I can meet her at the airport.
答案：when
4．It is the same old story of not being grateful for we have until we lose it.
答案：what
5．After five hours' drive, they reached they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
答案：what
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The problem is that who will be equal to the task.
答案：去掉that
2．We can't imagine how the ancient life was like.
答案：how→what
3．I'll give her however she needs.
答案：however→whatever
4．The telephone is ringing. Answer it to see whoever is calling.
答案：whoever→who
5．The members of his family are proud of that he has achieved in the past three years.
答案：that→what
基础达标演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Good (manner) are key to your social success.
答案：manners
2．It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others' kindness and (rude)．
答案：rudeness
3．I don't know how they manage (bring) up four children, for they are as poor as church mice.
答案：to bring
4．I (wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station.
答案：was wandering
5．Finally he lost his (patient) and started to yell at his mother.
答案：patience
6．Many people spend years (seek) for peace of mind, often with little success.
答案：seeking
7．When he came to himself, he found himself (lock) in the room.
答案：locked
8．His health does not permit him (climb) the hill.
答案：to climb
9．It is the children are making so much noise in the garden.
答案：who/that
10．Tom's careless driving accounted the accident yesterday.
答案：for
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．When we wanted to go through the forest, we found ourselves losing.
答案：losing→lost
2．I had just finished writing the novel then the electricity was cut off.
答案：then→when
3．The manager had mercy on the children dressed in rag and gave them some food.
答案：rag→rags
4．There is a chance he will attend the important meeting.
答案：chance后加that
5．I need to call my dad and ask for permit before we go out.
答案：permit→permission
Ⅲ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．上周六，我在街上溜达时无意中碰见了我妈妈的一个好朋友。(wander; by accident)
答案：Last Saturday, I was wandering along the street when I met one of my mother's good friends by accident.
2．她开始向我诉说我妈妈抚养我有多么不容易。(bring up)
答案：She began to tell me the great difficulty my mum had bringing me up.
3．说实话，我不想让她继续说下去。(go ahead)
答案：To be honest, I didn't want her to go ahead with the story.
4．不是因为我不礼貌。(manner)
答案：It was not because I had bad manners.
5．相反，我不想回忆起那段痛苦的日子。(contrary)
答案：On the contrary, I didn't want to recall that painful memory.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：Last Saturday, I was wandering along the street when I met one of my mother's good friends by accident. She began to tell me the great difficulty my mum had bringing me up. To be honest, I didn't want her to go ahead with the story. It was not because I had bad manners. On the contrary, I didn't want to recall that painful memory.
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