2021高三统考人教英语一轮（经典版）学案：第一部分Book2Unit1Culturalrelics


　　第一部分
教材重点全程攻略 Book 2
Unit 1 Cultural relics

基础自主检测

阅读识记
Ⅰ.英译汉
1.vase n. 花瓶；瓶
2.dynasty n. 朝代；王朝
3.jewel n. 珠宝；宝石
4.troop n. 群；组；军队
Ⅱ.汉译英
1.honey n. 蜜；蜂蜜
2.castle n. 城堡
3.trial n. 审判；审讯；试验
4.maid n. 少女；女仆
高频应用
1.fancy adj. 奇特的；异样的　vt. 想象；设想；爱好
2.style n. 风格；风度；类型
3.artist n. 艺术家
4.worth prep. 值得的；相当于……的价值　n. 价值；作用　adj. [古]值钱的
5.local adj. 本地的；当地的　　　　6.apart adv. 分离地；分别地
7.painting n. 绘画；画 8.entrance n. 入口
9.sink vi. 下沉；沉下 10.debate n．& vi. 争论；辩论
拓展变形
1.rare (adj.) 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的→rarely (adv.) 很少地；难得地
2.valuable (adj.) 贵重的；有价值的→value (n. & vt.) 价值；重视→invaluable (adj.) 无法估计的；极宝贵的
3.survive (v.) 幸免(于)；幸存；比……活得长；生还→survival (n.) 生存；幸存→survivor (n.) 幸存者
4.amaze (vt.) 使吃惊；惊讶→amazing (adj.) 令人吃惊的→amazed (adj.) 吃惊的→amazement (n.) 惊奇
5.select (vt.) 挑选；选择→selection (n.) 选择；选拔
6.design (n.) 设计；图案；构思 (vt.) 设计；计划；构思→designer (n.) 设计者；构思者
7.decorate (v.) 装饰；装修→decoration (n.) 装饰品；装饰
8.reception (n.) 接待；招待会；接收→receive (vt.) 接受；接待；招待→receiver (n.) (电话)听筒/受话器
9.remove (vt.) 移动；搬开→removal (n.) 移走；除去
10.wooden (adj.) 木制的→wood (n.) 木头
11.doubt (n.) 怀疑；疑惑 (vt.) 怀疑；不信→doubtful (adj.) 怀疑的
12.former (adj.) 以前的；从前的→latter (反义词) (adj.) 后者的；后面的
13.evidence (n.) 根据；证据→evident (adj.) 明显的；清楚的
14.explode (vi.) 爆炸→explosion (n.) 爆炸
15.sailor (n.) 水手；海员；船员→sail (v.) (乘船)航行；起航 (n.) 航行；帆；起航
16.informal (adj.) 非正式的→formal (反义词) (adj.) 正式的


1.分词用作形容词
①amaze→amazing 令人惊奇的→amazed 惊讶的
②inspire→inspiring 鼓舞人心的→inspired 卓越的；激动人心的
③excite→exciting 令人兴奋的→excited 兴奋的
④interest→interesting 有趣的→interested 感兴趣的
⑤puzzle→puzzling 令人迷惑的→puzzled 困惑的
2.含后缀­al的名词荟萃
①survive→survival 幸存
②remove→removal 移走
③arrive→arrival 到达
④refuse→refusal 拒绝
⑤approve→approval 批准；同意
3.以­ence结尾的名词集锦
①evident→evidence 根据；证据
②consequent→consequence 结果
③convenient→convenience 便利；方便
④absent→absence 缺乏；缺席
⑤competent→competence 能力；胜任


一 动词＋介/副词
1．belong to 属于
2．serve as 充当；起作用
3．add ... to ... 把……加到……上
4．take apart 拆开
5．think highly of 看重；器重
二 介词＋名词(＋介词)
6．in search of 寻找
7．in return 作为报答；回报
8．at war 处于交战状态
9．by the light of 借助……的光线
三 其他
10．less than 少于
11．rather than 而不是；与其……倒不如


1．“in＋n.＋of”结构大集合
①in search of 寻找
②in memory of 为了纪念
③in favor of 支持；赞同
④in honour of 为了纪念；为向……表示敬意
⑤in terms of 就……而言；在……方面
⑥in place of 代替；取代
2．“at＋n.”常考短语荟萃
①at war 处于交战状态
②at peace 处于和平时期
③at school 在求学
④at play 在玩耍
⑤at sea 在大海上，在航行
⑥at work 在工作


1．could not/never have done “(过去)不可能做……”
Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined (绝不可能想到) that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(教材P1)
2．This is/was a time when ... “这是一个……的时期/时候”
This was a time when (这是一个……的时期) the two countries were at war.(教材P2)
3．There is no doubt that ... “毫无疑问……”
There is no doubt that (毫无疑问) the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.(教材P2)
4．what引导名词性从句
After that, what happened (所发生的一切) to the Amber Room remains a mystery.(教材P2)
5．疑问词＋不定式
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to
believe (哪些证人可信，哪些不可信). (教材P5)
6．nor位于句首引起的部分倒装结构
Nor do I think (我也不认为) they should give it to any government.(教材P7)


单句语法填空
1．It was also a treasure (decorate) with gold and jewels, took the country's best artists about ten years to make.
答案：decorated; which　
2．About four metres long, the room served a small reception hall for important visitors.
答案：as
3． (late), Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room (move) to a palace outside St Petersburg she spent her summers.
答案：Later; moved; where
4．Sadly, although the Amber Room (consider) one of the (wonder) of the world, it is now missing.
答案：was considered; wonders
5．For example, it can be proved China has more people any other country in the world.
答案：that; than
6．An opinion is someone believes is true but has not been proved.
答案：what
7．He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, must be facts rather than opinions.
答案：which
8． April 1945 I heard something explode midnight.
答案：In; at
9． my surprise the entrance the mine was closed.
答案：To; to
10. So I think that those find the Amber Room should decide to do with it.
答案：who; what

考点步步冲关

1 survive　vi.幸免；幸存；生还
vt.比……活得长；幸免于；从(困境等中)挺过来
Is it enough to have survived for a long time？(P1)
只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？
(1)A survives B (by ... )A比B多活……
survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from 从……存活下来/流传下来
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存　[C]残存物；幸存的事物
[名师点津]　survive当表示“幸存；幸免于”时，不需要加in或from。

即时练1
单句语法填空
①He died in 1940, but his wife survived him another 20 years.
②I don't know how you all manage to survive your small salary.
③The plane crashed in an area of dense jungle. There were no (survive)．
④His only chance of (survive) was a heart transport.
答案：①by　②on　③survivors　④survival


2 amazing　adj.令人吃惊的
Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(P1)
普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
(1)amaze vt. 使惊讶
(2)amazed adj. 吃惊的
be amazed at 对……感到吃惊
(3)amazement n. 惊奇
to one's amazement 令某人吃惊的是

即时练2
单句语法填空
①(2017·浙江高考)He (amaze) at what Benjamin had done with his gift.
②(2017·北京高考) (amaze), Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before.
③Moreover, the scenery along the river is (amaze), with many well­known sightseeing spots.
答案：①was amazed　②Amazingly　③amazing
一句多译
让他感到吃惊的是，他的惊人的成就没有使我们大为惊讶。
④ ， we were not at his achievements.
⑤ was that we were not at his achievements.
答案：④To his amazement; amazed; amazing　⑤What amazed him/What made him amazed; amazed; amazing

3 design　vt.设计；计划；构思
　 n．设计；图案；构思
The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(P1)
琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。
(1)design ... for ... 为……设计……
be designed for ... 为……而设计
be designed to do ... 目的在于/为了……
be designed as ... 为……的目的而制造或设计
(2)by design＝on purpose有意地；故意地
(3)designer n. 设计者；构思者
[名师点津]　表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结
(1)故意地
①by design　②on purpose　③deliberately
(2)偶然地
①by chance　②by accident　③accidentally

即时练3
单句语法填空
①They pump out perfumes (design) to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.
②The method is specifically designed use in small groups.
③She arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was by accident or design I'm not sure.
④He wants to become a fashion (design) when he grows up.
答案：①designed　②for　③by　④designer
单句写作
⑤这门课程是专门为像你这样的初学者设计的，重点在于听说训练。
， focusing on listening and speaking practice.
答案：This course is specially designed for beginners like you

4 fancy　adj.奇特的；异样的
vt.想象；设想；爱好　
n．空想；幻想；爱好
The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(P1)
琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。
fancy oneself as ... 自认为是……
fancy doing sth. 想做某事
catch/take sb.'s fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人
take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/物

即时练4
单句写作
①成都有许多新的百万富翁，亚洲最大的建筑和漂亮的新宾馆。
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and .
②今晚你想不想外出？
Do you fancy this evening?
③她仔细查看旅馆广告，直到有一家符合她的心意。
She looked through the hotel advertisements until one of them .
④我想萨姆真的爱上了你。
I think Sam really you.
答案：①fancy new hotels　②going out　③caught her fancy　④takes a fancy to

5 worth　prep.值得的；相当于……的价值
n．价值；作用
adj.[古]值钱的
Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing？(P2)
重建失去的文化遗产，如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园，是否值得？
(1)be (well) worth doing ... ……(非常)值得做
be worth the money/an effort/a try值得花钱/努力/一试
be worth it 值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)
(2)
(3)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事
[名师点津]　worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。

即时练5
单句语法填空
①This article is well worth (read), but it is not worthy of (translate)．
答案：reading; being translated　
一句多译
既然你对传统的中国文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日值得你体验。
②Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is . (worth)
③Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is . (worthy)
④On account of your interest in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is . (worthy)
⑤Because of your interest in traditional Chinese culture, I think it is this festival. (worthwhile)
答案：②worth experiencing　③worthy to be experienced　④worthy of being experienced　⑤worthwhile experiencing/to experience


1
in search of 寻找；搜寻；寻求
教材
原句
IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM(P1)
寻找琥珀屋
(1)search sth./sb.搜查某物/搜某人的身
search for＝look for寻找
search ... for ... 为找到……而搜查……
(2)常见的“in＋名词＋of”短语有：
in memory of为了纪念……
in favour of支持；赞同
in honour of为了纪念；为向……表示敬意
in need of需要
in charge of掌管；负责
in possession of拥有……
[名师点津]　in search of “寻找，搜寻”，在句中常作表语或目的状语。名词search前不加限定词；若search前加a/the/one's等限定词时，of一般换成for。search作动词用时，search的宾语是指搜查的范围，可以是人、物或地点；而搜寻要找的人或物时，要加介词for。

即时练1
单句语法填空
①I searched the whole room the lost key, but in vain.
②If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search warm shelter.
③After a long search the murder weapon, the police found a knife.
答案：①for　②for　③for
一句多译
救援人员徒手移开砖块和石头，搜寻地震中的幸存者。
④The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands any survivor in the earthquake. (search n．)
⑤The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands any survivor in the earthquake. (search n．)
⑥The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands any survivor in the earthquake. (search v．)
答案：④in search of　⑤in their search for　⑥to search for

2
belong to 属于
教材
原句
However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.(P2)
然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。
(1)belong to表示“属于”，不能用于进行时态和被动语态，作后置定语时，常用现在分词，有类似用法的短语还包括：date back to/date from (追溯到)，consist of (由……组成)等
(2)belong vi.属于；应在(某处)，适合(某种情形)，没有含被动意味的过去分词的用法
(3)belongings n．财产；所有物；财物

即时练2
单句语法填空
①Nothing can change the fact that the Diaoyu Islands belong China.
②As is known to us, China is a country (belong) to the Third World.
③Having sold most of his (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house.
答案：①to　②belonging　③belongings
句型转换
④A tiger is a large fierce animal belonging to the cat family.
→A tiger is a large fierce animal the cat family.
答案：which/that belongs to

3
in return 作为报答；回报
教材
原句
In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.(P2)
作为回报，沙皇送给他一队自己最好的士兵。
(1)in return (for sth.)作为(对……的)回报
return like for like以牙还牙
(2)in turn依次；相应地；转而
by turns 轮流地；交替地

即时练3
用turn/return相关短语的适当形式填空
① ， she received a sense of satisfaction and achievement.
②He spends too much time on maths, and this affects the progress of his other subjects.
③It is our responsibility to take care of our sick mother .
④I gave him my favourite book his timely help.
答案：①In return　②in turn　③by turns　④in return for


1
Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(P1)
翻译
普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
在句中could have done sth.表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能做过某事”。该结构还表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为“本来能够去做某事却没有做”。有类似用法的结构还有：
must have done sth. 过去一定做过某事
might have done sth. 过去可能做过某事；本可能做某事
needn't have done sth. 本没必要做某事(却做了)
ought to/should have done sth. 本该做某事(而未做)
would have done sth. 本来要做某事

即时练1
单句写作
①你本能够做得更好，但你太粗心了。
You ， but you were too careless.
②蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢，因为烟和噪音，对乘客们来说那一定是相当不愉快的旅行。
Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
③在来新学校前我本没有必要担心，因为这儿的同学对我很友好。
I before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
答案：①could have done better　②must have been　③needn't have worried

2
There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.(P2)
翻译
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。
(1)There is no doubt that ... 为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，that后面的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。
doubt常见句式及搭配：
There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether ... 有疑问……
I don't/never doubt that ... 我确信……；我不怀疑……
I doubt whether/if ... 我怀疑是否……
without/beyond doubt无疑；必定
(2)类似的句型结构有：
There is＋
It is no use/no good doing sth.做某事没有用处/好处
It is no wonder that ... (＝No wonder that ...)难怪；怪不得……
[名师点津]　(1)当名词doubt用在否定句中时，后面接that引导的同位语从句；用在肯定句中时，后面接whether引导的同位语从句，注意此时不可以用if替换whether。
(2)及物动词doubt后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。

即时练2
单句语法填空
①There is no doubt our educational system leaves too much to be improved.
②There is some doubt he is suitable for the job.
③You can complain, but I doubt it will make any difference.
④There is no need (put) the meeting ahead because we still have three weeks before the end of the term.
答案：①that　②whether　③if/whether　④to put

3
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. (P5)
翻译
在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
(1)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(2)whether后可接不定式，而if不可。
[名师点津]　疑问代词(who, which除外)后面须跟及物动词；若是不及物动词，后面须跟相应的介词。疑问副词后可以接不及物动词；若接及物动词，动词不定式须有自己的宾语。

即时练3
单句写作
①从教师的观点来看，应该由孩子来决定读什么和怎么读。
From the teacher's point of view, children should be left to decide .
②何时何地去郊游还没有决定。
hasn't been decided.
③当今，有各种各样的词典可供英语学习者选择。
Today's English learners have a wide choice of dictionaries .
答案：①what to read and how to read　②When and where to go on an outing　③from which to choose


限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
定语从句的种类
定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
定语从句的定义
1．限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的成分，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。
①This is the MP4 (that/which) I bought for my daughter yesterday.
这是我昨天为女儿买的MP4。
②The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.
这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。
2．非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。在这类定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。
③He passed the driving test, which surprised his parents.
他通过了驾照考试，这使他的父母很吃惊。

即时练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Let's go and help Mary after school today, father is seriously ill in hospital.
答案：whose
2．Opposite is St Paul's Church, you can hear some lovely music.
答案：where
3．China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
答案：which
4．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.
答案：where
5．As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.
答案：when
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.

答案：that→which
2．Yesterday I met Li Ping, that seemed to be very busy.

答案：that→who
3．They planned to plant some trees on the mountain where didn't need much water.

答案：where→that/which
4．Is this the classroom that the old professor is going to make us a lecture?

答案：that→where
5．I have told them the reason, for why I changed my mind.

答案：why→which
基础达标演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He told us whether (have) a picnic was still under discussion.
答案：to have
2．Their most (value) belongings were locked in a safe in the bedroom.
答案：valuable
3．It is well worth (make) an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.
答案：making
4．Tom is a stubborn boy, so it is no use debating him.
答案：with
5．The book is designed a reference manual.
答案：as
6．Mr Reed, (select) to represent us in the meeting, has been sent to have a talk with them.
答案：selected
7．I am always thinking that studying well is the only thing that I can do return.
答案：in
8．There is no doubt the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has made China enter a “new era”．
答案：that
9．The vase has so (amaze) a story that nobody cares about its beauty.
答案：amazing
10．We shouldn't be too crazy about learning English, but it is also too extreme to remove English college entrance exams.
答案：from
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Henry told me that there was a time that he stayed up all night going over his lessons.

答案：第二个that→when
2．I have been told that the pen as well as the books belong to him.

答案：belong→belongs
3．There is no doubt at all whether we did the right thing.

答案：whether→that
4．It is said that the early European playing cards were designed to entertainment and education.

答案：to→for
5．Our friends, whom were always late for everything, missed the train again.

答案：whom→who
Ⅲ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．众所周知，文化遗产属于全人类而不是个人。(belong to; rather than)


答案：It's well­known that cultural relics belong to the human being rather than individuals.
2．有些人想方设法寻找它们，并非法占有它们。(search for)


答案：Some people try their best/take great pains to search for them and take possession of them illegally.
3．其中一些文化遗产已遭破坏，只有少数幸免于难。(survive)


答案：Some of the cultural relics have been damaged while only a few survive.
4．我们每一个人都应尽最大努力避免它们遭到破坏。(make efforts)



答案：Every one of us should make efforts to protect them from being destroyed.
5．毫无疑问保护好文化遗产是我们的责任。(there is no doubt that)


答案：There is no doubt that it is our duty to protect cultural relics.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范

答案：It's well­known that cultural relics belong to the human being rather than individuals. However, some people take great pains to search for them and take possession of them illegally. Some of them have been damaged while only a few survive. Therefore, every one of us should make efforts to protect them from being destroyed, for there is no doubt that it is our duty to protect cultural relics.