2021届高考英语人教版一轮创新教学案：第1编Book8Unit2　Cloning

Unit 2　Cloning


1.As far as I am concerned, I don't think cloning human being is sensible.It may bring about many unexpected problems. We should respect life and let everything stay as it is.
就我个人而言，我认为克隆人类是不明智的，它会带来许多意想不到的问题。我们应该尊重生命，让一切顺其自然。
2.Apart from our brain having memory, cells in our body, in billions, have their own memory.
除了我们的大脑有记忆外，我们身体中数十亿个细胞也有记忆。
3.Reading widely enables me to have a chance to broaden my horizon.
广泛阅读使我有机会拓宽视野。
4.Upon hearing this news, we couldn't wait to hold a heated discussion, deciding to make Hanfu to take part in the competition.
一听到这个消息，我们迫不及待地展开了热烈的讨论，决定制作汉服去参赛。
自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)differ (vi.) 不同；相异→difference (n.) 不同；差异→different (adj.) 不同的
(2)cast (vt.) 扔；投；掷→cast (过去式/过去分词)
(3)object (vi.) 反对；不赞成→objection (n.) 反对；不赞成；异议
(4)obtain (vt.) 获得；赢得→obtainable (adj.) 可获得的；可得到的
(5)owe (vt.) 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……→owing (adj.) 欠着的；未付的
(6)retire (vi.) 退休；离开→retirement (n.) 退休；退职→retired (adj.) 退休的
(7)bother (vt.) 打扰 (vi.) 操心 (n.) 烦扰
(8)strike (vt.& vi.) 打；撞击；罢工(n.) 罢工→struck (过去式/过去分词)
(9)vain (adj.) 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的
(10)resist (vt.) 抵抗；对抗→resistance (n.) 抵抗力；反抗→resistant (adj.) 有抵抗力的

Ⅱ　阅读单词
(1)exact (adj.) 精确的；准确的
(2)commercial (adj.) 商业的；贸易的
(3)undertake (vt.) 着手；从事；承担
(4)breakthrough (n.) 突破
(5)procedure (n.) 程序；步骤；手续
(6)forbid (vt.) 禁止；不准
(7)accumulate (vt.& vi.) 积累；聚积
(8)assumption (n.) 假定；设想
(9)regulation (n.) 规则；规章；法规
(10)reasonable (adj.) 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的

　[单句语法填空]
1.His explanation was ________ (reason), so all of us were willing to accept it.
答案：reasonable
2.From the appearance, we cannot tell the ________ (differ) between the twins.
答案：difference
3.After his ________ (retire), he settled down in a remote village, teaching the kids there.
答案：retirement
4.Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no ________ (object) to it.
答案：objection
5.What I am doing is ________ (exact) what they need.
答案：exactly
6.Projects are ________ (undertake) on a team basis.
答案：undertaken

7.It is difficult ________ (obtain) reliable evidence.
答案：to obtain
8.We are playing a trick on the man who keeps ________ (bother) me.
答案：bothering
9.His own pride ________ (forbid) him to ask Tom for help.
答案：forbids
10.Will they be able ________ (resist) the temptation to buy？
答案：to resist

联想积累
1.快速掌握“获得”家族
①receive 收到，得到(信、命令、请帖等)；接受(欢迎，请愿等)
②get 获得；赚得；赢得
③obtain 得到；获得
④acquire 获得；学得
⑤gain 获得；赢得
⑥be available 可以得到的；可以买到的
⑦achieve 获得；取得
⑧win 获得；赢得
2.巧记合成词
①fall down→downfall 垮台
②get together→get­together 聚会
③break through→breakthrough 突破
④break out→outbreak 爆发


1.all_the_time 一直；始终
2.pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
3.cast_down 使失望；使沮丧
4.in_favo(u)r_of 赞成；支持
5.(be) bound to (do) ... 一定或注定(做)……
6.strike ... into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心
7.from time to time 不时；偶尔
8.bring back to life 使复生；使复活
9.in vain 白费力气；枉费心机
10.in good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏
　[选词填空]
cast down， in vain， pay off， from time to time， in poor condition， bring back to life
1.The house is really ________ and it will cost too much to repair.
答案：in poor condition
2.She has succeeded. She is pleased that her devotion to studying has ________.
答案：paid off
3.With all the efforts ________， he was very desperate, falling ill.
答案：in vain
4.Traffic accidents happen ________ on this road.
答案：from time to time
5.After the earthquake, the village was ________ with the villagers' efforts.
答案：brought back to life
6.He was ________ by the disappointing news.
答案：cast down

联想积累
1.“动词＋副词”回顾再记
①break down 坏掉；分解；被搞垮
②break up 打碎；结束；解散
③bring down 降低；降落
④come out 出版；结果是
⑤cut down 砍倒；削减
⑥get over 克服
⑦make out 辨认出；理解；开(支票等)
⑧put away 收起；储存
⑨set aside 拨出；置于一旁
⑩set off 出发；引爆
2.heart常见搭配
①lose heart 灰心
②heart and soul 全心全意地
③strike ... into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心
④put one's heart into ... 用心对待；全心全意
⑤lose one's heart to 喜欢；爱上


课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.
其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种抗疫力传给下一代。
The advantage is that ... “优势是……”，that引导表语从句。类似结构还有：The disadvantage is that ... “劣势是……”；the problem is that ... “问题是……”；the chances are that ... “很可能……”；The reason is that ... “原因是……”等。
________ why I recommend you to climb the Great Wall ________ it is a symbol of brilliant Chinese civilization.
我推荐你登长城的原因是，它是我们灿烂的中华文明的象征。

答案：The reason; is that

直击重点 突破考点

①objection　n. 不赞成；反对；异议(P12)

单句语法填空
①Many people raised an ________ (object) to the news report, arguing that it was not objective.
②Do you have any objection to ________ (change) your working hours？
答案：①objection　②changing


(1)raise an objection to sth. 对某事提出异议
make/take/have an objection to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
(2)object n. 物体；目标　vi. 反对；不赞成
object to sb./sth. 反对某人/某事
object to doing sth. 反对做某事
object that ... 反对……
(3)objective adj. 真实的；客观的

(1)object to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
(2)object表示“反对”，为不及物动词，接宾语需加介词to; oppose表示“反对”，为及物动词，接宾语不需加介词。be opposed to ... 表示“反对……，和……相对”。

②forbid　vt. (forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止；不准(P12)

(1)单句语法填空
①The new law forbids ________ (smoke) in offices.
②The guard forbade us ________ (look) out of the window when the train was moving.
③For this writer there is no such thing as a ________ (forbid) topic.
答案：①smoking　②to look　③forbidden
(2)单句改错
It is forbid to swim in the river alone.
________________________________________________________________
答案：forbid→forbidden


forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
forbid sb. to do sth.＝forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
It is forbidden to do sth. 做某事是被禁止的


③owe　vt. 欠(钱、账、人情等)；归功于；感激(P13)

单句语法填空
①He owes his good health ________ plenty of exercise and a regular life.
②He owed ________ to his first English teacher that he had a good pronunciation.
③She had a headache, ________ (owe) to the weather here, but she is now accustomed to it.
答案：①to　②it　③owing

(1)owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物；把……归功于某人
owe it to sb. that ... 多亏某人……
owe sb. an apology 该向某人道歉
owe thanks to sb. 感谢某人
(2)owing adj. 欠着的；未付的
owing to＝because of＝on account of＝due to 因为；由于

如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。如：
He owes it to his doctor's care that he is quite well again.
他的身体又很健康了，他把这归功于医生的照顾。

④strike　vt.& vi. (struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工
n. 罢工(P15)

(1)单句语法填空
①Don't strike terror ________ my heart.
②________ struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day.
答案：①into　②It
(2)单句写作
At the sight of the West Lake, I __________________ its beauty.
一看到西湖，我就被它的美景迷住了。
答案：was struck by/with

(1)strike ... into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心
be struck by/with 被……击中/打动/感动
It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
Sth. strikes/hits/occurs to sb. 某人突然想起……
(2)go/be on strike 举行罢工/在罢工

①pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清；(付清工资后)解雇(P11)

(1)单句写作
①The work is starting __________________.
这些努力开始奏效/取得成功。
②What delighted him was that after all these years he at last __________________ all his debts.
使他高兴的是几年之后他终于还清了所有的债务。
答案：①to pay off　②paid off
(2)写出下列句子中pay off的含义
①It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.__________
②Two hundred workers have been paid off.__________
③All those weeks of studying will pay off when you take the exam.__________
答案：①偿清　②(结工资后)解雇；打发走　③取得好结果

pay back 偿还(欠款)；报复；回报
pay for sth. 付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价
pay sb. for sth. 因某事物给某人报酬；为……付钱给某人
pay a visit to 参观；拜访
pay attention to 注意；留心

②in good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏(P17)

单句写作
①Mum's still got our pram—it's very old, but it's ______________________.
妈妈还留着我们的婴儿车——虽然很旧了，但仍然完好。
②Mum said that I could go camping ______________________ I must see to it that I was safe.
妈妈说我可以去露营，条件是确保安全。
③On no condition __________________ anything harmful to our country.
在任何情况下我们都不能做危害国家利益的事。
答案：①in good condition　②on condition that　③can we do

(1)out of condition 健康状况欠佳
meet the conditions 满足条件
on no condition 无论如何都不；决不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)
on condition that ... 只要；如果；条件是……
working/living/studying conditions 工作/生活/学习环境
(2)conditional adj. 有条件的；以……为条件的
unconditional adj. 无条件的；绝对的

①[教材原句]The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.(P11)
她看来是在正常地成长着，这个事实非常令人鼓舞。

(1)单句语法填空
①The idea ________ computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
②We haven't yet settled the question ________ we are going to spend our summer vacation.
③The question ________ we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.
答案：①that　②where 　③whether
(2)单句改错
We should consider the students' request that the school library must provide more books on popular science.
________________________________________________________________
答案：去掉must或must→should


本句含有一个由that引导的同位语从句，用于解释和说明fact的内容。引导词that不能省略。经常跟同位语从句的名词有fact, news, message, doubt, possibility, idea, reason, belief, hope, thought, promise, suggestion, question等。连接词有：连词that, whether；连接代词who, which, what；连接副词where, when, why, how等。

(1)一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news, idea, fact, promise, hope, message等)的后面，用于说明该名词所表达的具体内容。有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，这在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。
(2)在suggestion, advice, request, order等意为“建议，要求，命令”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should＋动词原形”，句中的should可以省略。

②[教材原句]Based on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years.(P15)
就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些已经灭绝了一万年以上的动物。

(1)单句语法填空
①________ (face) with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
②________ (satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.
③________ (absorb) in reading a novel, he didn't notice the teacher came in.
答案：①Faced　②Satisfied　③Absorbed
(2)单句改错
Lose in the forest, we had to ask the police for help.
________________________________________________________________
答案：Lose→Lost

be based on “以……为根据；基于……”，在句中是过去分词短语作状语。
有此用法的类似短语还有：
worried/concerned about 对……感到担忧
satisfied with 对……感到满意
surrounded by 被……包围
faced with 面对……
compared with 与……比较
absorbed in ... 专心于……

课文回练 升华运用
Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of __1__ (make) an exact copy of another animal or plant. It has two major uses. One is __2__ gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants. __3__ other is that it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. However, the process of cloning is difficult __4__ (undertake).
Many attempts to clone mammals failed. The breakthrough that scientists made in history is in the year 1996. The first successful cloning, the sheep Dolly, made the whole __5__ (science) world follow its process, though it had __6__ (many) problems than the normal sheep. On the other hand, Dolly's appearance __7__ (raise) a storm of objections and had a great impact __8__ the media and public imagination. Different people have different __9__ (opinion) on it. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us. Maybe in the 21st century, cloning will be the __10__ (big) moral dilemma.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案　1.making　2.that　3.The　4.to undertake　5.scientific　6.more　7.raised　8.on　9.opinions 10.biggest

基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.选词填空

cast down, be bound to, strike ... into people's hearts, bring back to life, in good condition, at a reasonable price, in vain, shortly after, pay off, pass on ... to
1.Fortunately, some animals will survive and ________ the ability to resist the disease ________ the next generation.
答案：pass on; to
2.Many biologists ________ to hear that Dolly died young.
答案：were cast down
3.It is either impossible or unsuitable that dinosaurs can ________ now.
答案：be brought back to life
4.When you are dealing with so many patients, mistakes ________ happen.
答案：are bound to
5.The idea of cloning the dinosaurs still ________ horror ________.
答案：strikes; into people's hearts
6.It became obvious that all her complaints were ________.
答案：in vain
7.To everyone's surprise, the skeleton of the dinosaur was ________.
答案：in good condition
8.Small as it is, the restaurant is well known in this area for its good food ________.
答案：at a reasonable price
9.I was very interested in English and worked hard at it. Finally all my efforts ________.
答案：paid off
10.He finished a difficult task on his own ________ he entered the company.
答案：shortly after
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.I'm writing to tell you that I am ______________ (赞成) the second traveling route, a visit to Mount Tai.
答案：in favo(u)r of
2.______________ of using the solar energy____________ (……的优势是) it won't create any pollution.
答案：The advantage; is that
3.To enrich our school life, the Student Union organized a variety of activities ____________________.
为了丰富我们的学校生活，学生会不时地组织各种各样的活动。
答案：from time to time
4._______________________________________________________________
最后，我们的努力得到了回报。一套优雅的汉服制作成功。(pay off)
答案：Finally, our hard work paid off. A set of elegant Hanfu was created.
5._____________________________________________________________
我应该把成功归功于老师和同学们。
答案：I should owe my success to my teacher and classmates.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)Recently researchers have had a finding __1__ singing in groups could have a positive impact on reducing __2__ (anxious) and depression. The research is from the University of East Anglia in the UK, in cooperation with a community singing group __3__ (call) Sing Your Heart Out. A research team conducted the study __4__ (examine) how singing with other people affects mental health. Researchers followed a group of people __5__ attended free weekly singing workshops for six months. They discovered that singing in groups was __6__ essential part in helping people recover from mental illness. In addition, it helped people feel __7__ (little) stressed, enhanced their mood and increased their confidence, social skills and feeling of well－being. Lead researcher, Professor Tom Shakespeare, said, “We found that singing as part of a group contributes __8__ people's recovery from mental health problems.\” He added, “All of the __9__ (participant) we spoke to reported positive effects as a direct result of taking part in the singing workshops. For some, it __10__ (represent) one component of a wider program of support. For others, it stood out as the key to their maintenance of health.\”
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9.________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，合唱可以缓解压力，减少沮丧，有利于精神健康。
1.that　考查同位语从句的连接词。设空处引导从句解释说明a finding的内容，作其同位语，设空处在句中不作句子成分，无语意，仅起连接作用，故用that。
2.anxiety　考查词性转换。本空作reducing的宾语，与depression并列，故用名词anxiety。
3.called　考查非谓语动词。call和a community singing group构成被动关系，故用其过去分词形式called作后置定语。
4.to examine　考查非谓语动词。此处表示一个研究小组进行该研究是为了调查与他人一起唱歌是如何影响精神健康的，表目的，故用动词不定式to examine。
5.who/that　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为people，从句中缺少主语，故填who或that。
6.an　考查冠词。part在此处为可数名词，且在文中第一次提及，故用不定冠词修饰，又因为essential的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
7.less　考查副词的比较级。根据下文“enhanced their mood ... feeling of well－being”可知，合唱帮助人们缓解压力，即帮助人们感受到更少的压力，故用副词的比较级less，修饰其后的形容词“stressed”。
8.to　考查介词。contribute to sth.是固定搭配，意为“有助于/促成某事”，故填to。
9.participants　考查名词。participant “参与者”为可数名词，根据空格前的“All of the”可知，此处表示复数的概念，故填participants。
10.represented　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语；根据后一句中的stood out及全文的基本时态为一般过去时可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填represented。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Dear Tom，
It's great to receive your email. Now I'd like to tell you anything that took place in my school yesterday. In the afternoon we hold a growing­up ceremony for our coming 18­years­old. First, we made a promise which as grown­ups we should have the sense of duty to our society from now on. Then we gave our thanks to our parents had gone through hardship to bring us up and teachers who had been educating us patient. And our teachers also gave us cards, expressing our good wishes for our future. Finally, we put on wonderful performances, singing and dancing. We learned a lot of from the activity. I think it's more important for us. I will remember the day forever.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Tom，
It's great to receive your email. Now I'd like to tell you that took place in my school yesterday. In the afternoon we a growing­up ceremony for our coming . First, we made a promise as grown­ups we should have sense of duty to our society from now on. Then we gave our thanks to our parents had gone through hardship to bring us up and teachers who had been educating us . And our teachers also gave us cards, expressing good wishes for our future. Finally, we put on wonderful performances, singing and dancing. We learned a lot from the activity. I think it's important for us. I will remember the day forever.
Yours，
Li Hua
难项分析：
第四处：which→that　考查同位语从句的连接词。此处是对promise的进一步说明，引导同位语从句，在从句中不作成分，无语意，故用that。
第六处：parents后加that/who　考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为parents，且在从句中作主语，指人，故用that/who引导该从句。
第九处：去掉of　考查固定短语。a lot “许多，大量”，修饰动词。

课时作业
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2020·河南省高三阶段性考试(三))One night in 2003, Jans and his wife Sherrie were walking the dog Dakotah near their house. Suddenly, a young __1__ appeared and began running in their direction. Amazed and __2__， the couple immediately broke Dakotah loose to protect them. “However, the two animals stopped yards apart and __3__ stared at each other as if each were looking at an almost forgotten face and trying to remember something，” recalls Jans in his book A Wolf Called Romeo.
Over the next week, the Janses always __4__ the wolf playing with the dogs in the neighborhood. They __5__ that when the wolf saw a dog, he would make a fool of himself­wagging, pacing, and even striking some dog poses. Because of the wolf's __6__， Sherrie named him Romeo. The __7__ extended from dogs to locals quickly. __8__， crowds of locals started coming to __9__ the wolf, and some liked him so much that they seemed to forget that wolves are __10__.
For the next five years, Romeo __11__ to the area in fall and winter. “He would be in the same place every morning to __12__ people going to work or walking their dogs, __13__ he'd set with a time clock”， writes Jans. As the only wolf in the area, Romeo had very __14__ creatures to eat, a large open space to live in, and little __15__ from other animals. However, some critics felt Romeo was a(n) __16__， and there was a talk about driving him out of the area.
Romeo came again in September 2009, but later that month, he __17__ again. After some searching, a supporter found he had been __18__ by Park and Jeff. Both men were arrested later. They ended up paying fines according to the local law, losing hunting __19__. In late November 2010, a memorial service was held for Romeo.
“Nothing can take away the years we spent in his __20__，” writes Jans. “We'll remember the happiness he brought to us forever.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只混入人迹的狼渐渐地受到当地人的喜爱。虽然后来这只狼被人猎杀，但是当地人发起纪念它的活动，由此展现了人与动物和谐共处的美好画面。
1.A.woman B．boy
C.wolf D．dog
答案：C　根据下文“recalls Jans in his book A Wolf called Romeo”可知，这对夫妻在遛狗时突然发现了一只狼(wolf)，这是Jans在他的书中回忆的。
2.A.curious B．terrified
C.disappointed D．content
答案：B　根据下文“这对夫妇立即松开了他的狗Dakotah来保护他们”可知，Jans夫妇感到惊讶和害怕(terrified)。
3.A.anxiously B．tentatively
C.angrily D．hardly
答案：B　根据下文关键词“as if”和上下文语境可知，两只动物没有互相攻击，而是试探性地(tentatively)盯着对方，好像彼此在看着一张几乎被遗忘的脸，并且在努力回忆着什么。
4.A.spotted B．prevented
C.protected D．imagined
答案：A　根据上下文可知，在随后的几周，Jans夫妇总是发现(spotted)这只狼和附近的狗一起玩耍。
5.A.hated B．believed
C.observed D．warned
答案：C　根据语境可知，Jans夫妇观察到(observe)当狼看到狗的时候，它会像个傻瓜一样摇来摇去，踱来踱去，甚至摆出一些狗的姿势。
6.A.experience B．violence
C.companion D．behavior
答案：D　根据上文可知，这只狼摆出各种姿势来吸引狗的注意，正是由于它的这种举止(behavior)，Sherrie为它取名为Romeo。
7.A.friendship B．challenge
C.campaign D．freedom
答案：A　根据上下文可知，很快狼与狗的友谊(friendship)延伸到了狼与人之间。
8.A.Approximately B．Generally
C.Importantly D．Gradually
答案：D　根据下文可知，逐渐地(Gradually)，成群的当地人都来观看(have a look at) Romeo。
9.A.keep a record of B．have a look at
C.make an example of D．take advantage of
答案：B　根据下文可知，一些人非常喜欢它，所以当地人来看Romeo。have a look at “观看”，符合语境。
10.A.aggressive B．kind
C.stubborn D．lonely
答案：A　根据上文“有些人非常喜欢它”可知，大家都几乎忘记了狼具有攻击性(aggressive)。
11.A.reacted B．adapted
C.returned D．referred
答案：C　根据下文“Romeo came again in September 2009”可知，Romeo会在秋天和冬天回到(return)这个地区。
12.A.attack B．stop
C.inform D．meet
答案：D　根据语境可知，它每天早上都会在同一个地方去遇见(meet)那些去上班或遛狗的人。
13.A.even if B．as though
C.so that D．in case
答案：B　根据上文可知，它每天早上都会在同一个地方，所以就像(as though)它设置了一个时钟。
14.A.offensive B．limited
C.common D．abundant
答案：D　根据上文可知，作为该地区唯一的狼，Romeo有充足的(abundant)动物可以吃，有很大的户外空间可以住。
15.A.competition B．acquaintance
C.cooperation D．acquisition
答案：A　根据上文可知，Romeo是这个地区唯一的狼，很少与其他动物竞争。competition “竞争”，符合语境。
16.A.pride B．pity
C.danger D．accomplishment
答案：C　根据此句转折以及人们要把它赶走可知，反对者认为Romeo是个危险(danger)(的动物)。
17.A.burst B．arose
C.changed D．disappeared
答案：D　根据上文中的关键词“came again”和but后的转折可知，Romeo再次消失(disappear)。
18.A.shot B．hidden
C.fooled D．raised
答案：A　根据下文“两个男人被捕”可知，Romeo已经被Park和Jeff猎杀(shoot)。
19.A.methods B．privileges
C.partners D．habits
答案：B　根据上下文语境可知，Park和Jeff由于猎杀了Romeo，失去了打猎的特权(privilege)。
20.A.hand B．direction
C.company D．opinion
答案：C　Jans写到“没有什么能夺去我们在它陪伴下(company)度过的岁月”。in one's company意为“在某人的陪伴下”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解

Karina Karitas, from Florida, learned that her 14­year­old dog Baby was ill and would soon pass away. Karitas decided to proceed with genetic preservation for cloning. Later, the embryo (胚胎) was put into the reproductive tract of a dog to carry out the pregnancy. Baby passed away of natural causes. After about two months, Baby “No. 2” was cloned in September 2017.Karitas brought her home at 8 weeks old.
If this technology can make someone so incredibly happy, why is there debate surrounding it?
Some might argue that people gain an enormous benefit by having the opportunity to reconnect with an animal identical to one they once loved so dearly. It's true that a cloned animal has a very good chance of looking like the original dog. But there's no guarantee a clone will be identical. The way units of hereditary (遗传的) material, called genes, function can vary—even between animals with identical sets of genes. Environmental factors can also have a great effect on how an organism develops both its physical attributes and temperament.
Another ethical concern is that dog cloning has only about a 20 percent success rate. That means the process of collecting egg cells to create an embryo and implanting the cloned embryo into a surrogate dog must usually be done many times before a healthy puppy is born. These procedures involve conducting operations on unwilling animals. Klitzman says that performing any surgery carries risks to animals. He explains that surgeries should be done only if they benefit an animal's health or advance medical or scientific research. “We are subjecting animals to harm when there is a nonessential benefit，” he says, “and that is ethically problematic.”
Many critics ask: Why clone a dog or a cat when there are nearly 8 million animals in the US waiting to be adopted? “There are plenty of shelter dogs who need a loving home，” says Milutinovich, a researcher.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。失去宠物的痛苦或许只有经历的人懂。如果有一项技术可以让你心爱的宠物“死而复生”，你会支持吗？
1.Why does the writer tell the story of Karitas？
A.To stress the high price for cloning pets.
B.To reflect the ethical problems of cloning.
C.To prove the advanced technology of cloning.
D.To explain the American's love for pets.
答案：C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，Karina的宠物狗死了之后，克隆了一个，说明了克隆技术已经非常先进。
2.What can cloning pets be of help to people？
A.Cloning pets might accelerate emotional healing.
B.A cloned pet is similar to its original.
C.Genes often change in the course of cloning.
D.The success of cloning depends on its environment.
答案：A　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，克隆宠物令人们有机会可以和自己曾经最爱的宠物重新建立联系，也就是可以帮助宠物主人尽早抚平情绪上的创伤。
3.What does Klitzman consider an ethical problem？
A.People do operations on sick animals.
B.Surgeries are done for dangerous animals.
C.Doing cloning is for medical researches.
D.Cloning does no good to animals and humans.
答案：D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，他认为克隆动物在对人类没有必要的好处的时候，还令动物处于风险之中，这样就产生了伦理上的问题。因此对动物和人类都没好处。
4.What's Milutinovicht's emotions about cloning pets？
A.Uncaring. B．Disapproving.
C.Supportive. D．Doubtful.
答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Milutinovicht认为庇护所里有很多狗等着被领养，需要一个充满爱的家，为什么要去克隆已经死了的宠物呢？说明他对这一现象持反对态度。故选B。

China became the first country to clone a monkey using non­reproductive cells, scientists said on Thursday. By December 2017, the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques (猕猴) named “Zhongzhong” and “Huahua” by nuclear transferring of body cells—any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells. This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996.
Telra, a monkey born in 1999, was the world's first ever­cloned monkey, but it was done using a simpler method called embryo splitting (胚胎分裂), and couldn't be genetically modified to suit experimental needs, said Pu Muming, a leading researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “Cloning a monkey using body cells has been a world­class challenge because it is a primate (灵长类) that shares its genetic make­up and all of its complexity with humans，” he said.
“For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly and bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes，” Pu said.
“By cloning a monkey using body cells, we can reproduce a large number of genetically identical monkeys in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit our needs，” he added. “This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine.”
Sun Qiang, director of the non­human primate research facility at the institute, said most of the drug trials were currently done on lab mice. However, drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different.
Monkeys and humans are both primates, so they are closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans. This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to study of primate brains.
篇章导读：本文是一篇科普类说明文。文章讲述了中国在克隆技术上取得的成就——中国是第一个使用非生殖细胞克隆猕猴的国家。
5.What do we know about the two clone macaques？
A.They were the first monkeys ever cloned in the world.
B.They were created using reproductive cells.
C.They would be fed to suit experimental needs.
D.The technology used to create them was similar to that of creating Dolly.
答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996.”可知，克隆猕猴使用的技术与著名的克隆羊多莉使用的技术是相似的。
6.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “identical” in the fourth paragraph?
A.Same. B．Similar.
C.Relevant. D．Close.
答案：A　词义猜测题。通过阅读画线词所在段落可知，该段与上一段内容形成对照，上一段叙述了由于猴子基因不同造成的坏处，本段讲述了各种好处原因是用这种方法可以复制出基因相同的猴子，据此推断，画线词意为“相同的”，故选A。
7.What can be learned from the passage？
A.Pu Muming and Sun Qiang were doing most work in cloning the two macaques.
B.Genetic research on monkeys can be seen as effective as that on humans.
C.Mice share the same genetic make­up and complexity with humans.
D.Scientists can reproduce cloned monkeys to cut down experiment costs.
答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Monkeys and humans are both primates, so they are closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans.”可知，猴子和人都是灵长类，他们关系密切，因此对于猴子的基因研究应该与对人类的研究一样有效。
8.This passage above can be most probably read in ________.
A.a science magazine B．a guidebook
C.a storybook D．a brochure
答案：A　推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述克隆技术方面的研究成果，中国成功用非生殖细胞克隆出猕猴。因此推断文章很可能在科技杂志上找到。
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2019·辽宁省五校协作高三联合模拟题)
Dear Joy，
How are you doing? Here is an exciting news for you. There will be an invention competition in our school in the 20th of October. However, there is a rule the participants shall be in a group. But I'd like to invite you to be my partners.
I know that you have been longed to design a tiny cooler that people can wear around the wrist. I think it will be a wonderfully idea for the competition. We can make a small air conditioner to controlling the temperature of the wearer.
How do you think of my suggestion? Looking forward to you reply.
Yours，
Zhang Xin
答案：
Dear Joy，
How are you doing? Here is exciting news for you. There will be an invention competition in our school the 20th of October. However, there is a rule the participants shall be in a group. I'd like to invite you to be my .
I know that you have been to design a tiny cooler that people can wear around the wrist. I think it will be a idea for the competition. We can make a small air conditioner to the temperature of the wearer.
do you think of my suggestion? Looking forward to reply.
Yours，
Zhang Xin
1.删除an　考查冠词。news为不可数名词，不用冠词修饰，故an多余。
2.in→on　考查介词。在具体的某一天应用介词on。
3.rule后加that　考查同位语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，rule后的句子为同位语从句，解释说明rule的具体内容，从句不缺句子成分且意思完整，故用that引导该同位语从句。
4.But→So　考查连词。该句与前一句为因果关系而非转折关系，故将But改为So。
5.partners→partner　考查名词。作者邀请Joy一人作为队友，因此应该用可数名词单数。
6.longed→longing　考查动词的语态。you与long之间是主动关系且表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在并且可能继续下去，故用现在完成进行时的主动形式。
7.wonderfully→wonderful　考查形容词。名词前应该用形容词修饰，故将wonderfully改为wonderful。
8.controlling→control　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，其中to为不定式符号而不是介词，故将controlling改为control。
9.How→What　考查疑问词。What do you think of ... 为固定句式，意为“你觉得……怎么样？”故将How改为What。
10.you→your　考查代词。此处表示：期待你的回复。名词reply前应用形容词性物主代词，故将you改为your。