2021届高考英语人教版一轮创新教学案：第1编Book5Unit5　Firstaid

Unit 5　First aid


1.Last week, our school held a fire drill, offering us a chance to learn the skills of escaping from a fire.
上周我们学校举行了一次消防演习，给我们提供了一次学习火中逃生技能的机会。
2.What impressed me most was that the classmates didn't hesitate to offer each other a helping hand when in danger.
给我印象最深的是，在遇到危险时，同学们毫不犹豫地互相帮助。
3.On seeing a student fall down, I immediately made my way to help him stand up while another student stopped to prevent others from walking down the stairs, in case more students would fall over.
看到一个学生跌倒，我立刻上前帮他站起来，而另外一个同学停下来阻止其他同学下楼梯，以防更多的同学摔倒。
4.It is through this activity that I realize the importance of having a good command of the skills of first aid.
正是通过这次活动，我意识到熟练掌握急救技能的重要性。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)bleed (vi.& vt.) 流血→blood (n.) 血；血液→bloody (adj.) 出血的；血腥的；残暴的
(2)poison (n.) 毒药；毒害 (vt.) 毒害；使中毒→poisonous (adj.) 有毒的
(3)variety (n.) 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→various (adj.) 各种各样的→vary (vt.& vi.) 不同；改变；变更
(4)mild (adj.) 轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly (adv.) 温和地；温柔地
(5)swell (vi.& vt.) (使)膨胀；隆起→swollen (adj.) 肿胀的
(6)squeeze (vt.& vi.) 榨；挤；压榨
(7)pour (vt.& vi.) 倒；灌；注；涌
(8)tight (adj.) 牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly (adv.) 紧地；牢牢地
(9)firm (adj.) (动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly (adv.) 坚固地；稳定地
(10)treat (vt.& vi.) 治疗；对待；款待 (n.) 款待；招待→treatment (n.) 治疗；诊疗；对待
(11)apply (vt.) 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 (vi.) 申请；请求；使用；有效→application (n.) 申请；请求；应用；运用；涂抹

Ⅱ　阅读单词
(1)temporary (adj.) 暂时的；临时的
(2)injury (n.) 损伤；伤害
(3)choke (vi.& vt.) (使)噎住；(使)窒息
(4)barrier (n.) 屏障；障碍(物)
(5)complex (adj.) 复杂的
(6)unbearable (adj.) 难以忍受的；不能容忍的
(7)vital (adj.) 至关重要的；生死攸关的
(8)ceremony (n.) 典礼；仪式；礼节
(9)bravery (n.) 勇敢；勇气
(10)pressure (n.) 压力；挤压；压迫(感)

　[单句语法填空]
1.I ________ (firm) believe that the harder we work, the better our future will be.
答案：firmly
2.He said ________ (mild) to me that he didn't mean to upset me.
答案：mildly
3.The people in the flooded area fought ________ (brave) against the natural disaster.
答案：bravely
4.The burning plastic gave off a ________ (poison) gas, which is harmful to our health.
答案：poisonous
5.Tom got badly ________ (injury) in the car accident.
答案：injured
6.The rain came ________ (pour) down and of course the football game was cancelled.
答案：pouring

7.If not ________ (treat) properly, the infection can be very stubborn.
答案：treated
8.He ________ (bleed) from a gash on his head.
答案：was bleeding
9.These days, I can't fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great ________ (press) on me.
答案：pressure
10.There is a wide ________ (vary) of patterns to choose from.
答案：variety


联想积累
1.“帮助”家族
①aid n．& vt. 帮助；援助
②facilitate vt. 帮助；促进
③assist vt. 帮助；协助
④assistance n. 帮助；协助
⑤support n．& vt. 支持；帮助
⑥sponsor vt. 赞助
2.后缀­ure构成的抽象名词集锦
①adventure 冒险
②architecture 建筑学
③failure 失败
④structure 结构
⑤pressure 压力；压迫(感)
⑥pleasure 快乐；高兴
3.“­al”为后缀的形容词速记
①historical (有关)历史的
②digital 数码的
③electrical 用电的；与电有关的
④equal 相等的；平等的
⑤physical 身体的
⑥mental 精神的
⑦essential 极其重要的；必不可少的
⑧vital 至关重要的；生死攸关的

1.fall_ill 生病
2.a_variety_of 各种各样的
3.squeeze_out 榨出；挤出
4.over_and_over_again 反复；多次
5.in_place 在适当的位置；适当
6.a number of 若干；许多
7.get injured 受伤
8.put one's hands on 找到
9.apply for 申请
10.make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用

　[选词填空]
fall ill， over and over again， in place， a variety of， squeeze out， get injured
1.Everything should be put ________ before we leave the lab.
答案：in place
2.His teacher has told him ________ not to do that but he won't listen.
答案：over and over again
3.On arriving in London, Tom suddenly ________ because he couldn't bear the weather there.
答案：fell ill
4.John ________ in the football match last week.
答案：got injured
5.This tool can be used in ________ ways.
答案：a variety of
6.Please ________ the water of the wet clothes before hanging them.
答案：squeeze out


联想积累
1.make a＋n. 集锦
①make a difference 有影响；区别对待；起(重要)作用
②make a face 做鬼脸
③make a noise 制造噪音
④make a decision 作出决定
⑤make a comment 作评论
2.fall构成的短语再记
①fall ill/asleep/silent 生病/睡着/变得静悄悄的
②fall back 退却；后退
③fall behind 落后；落在……后面
④fall down 落下；倒下；不能令人满意
⑤fall into 陷入；可以分为；能够分成
⑥fall off (从某物上)掉下，脱落；(质量、数量等)下降，减少
⑦fall over 摔倒；(计算机或程序)发生故障，不运转
⑧fall through 落空，失败，成为泡影

课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
if necessary“如果需要的话”，是省去了it is的省略句。
Please bring your notebooks with you and take notes while listening to the lecture. We can have a discussion about it ______________.
请携带笔记本，听讲时记笔记。如果有必要，我们可以进行讨论。

答案：if necessary

直击重点 突破考点

①aid　n．& vt. 帮助；援助；资助(P33)


(1)单句语法填空
John is so kind a boy that he often aids his mother ________ (clean) the house.
答案：to clean
(2)单句改错
Under the aid of a stick, I reached the village soon.
________________________________________________________________
答案：Under→With
(3)单句写作
We are collecting money ____________ cancer research.
我们正在筹集资金以资助癌症研究。
答案：in aid of

(1)with the aid/help of sth. 在某物的帮助下
in aid of 为了帮助/用以援助
do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid 进行急救
(2)aid sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上帮助某人
aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

②injury　n. 损伤；伤害(P33)

(1)单句语法填空
①Many common ________ (injury) happen every day at home.
②The doctor operated on the ________ (injury) man at once.
答案：①injuries　②injured
(2)单句写作
①____________ sent to the nearest hospital immediately.
伤者马上被送往最临近的医院。
②Be careful to pick out your words to avoid ________________ the little girl.
小心言语，避免伤害到这个小女孩。
答案：①The injured were　②doing an injury to


(1)do an injury to sb. 对某人造成伤害
(2)injure vt. 伤害(某人)；损害
(3)injured adj. 受伤的；受损害的
the injured 伤员/受伤者

the injured为“the＋adj.”用法，表示一类人，用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。有类似用法的还有：the rich (富人们)，the poor (穷人们)，the young (年轻人们)，the old (老人们)等。

③variety　n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)(P34)

(1)单句语法填空
He gave up the chance for ________ (variety) reasons.
答案：various
(2)单句写作
①This term, ____________ activities were held in our school, enriching our campus life.
本学期我校举办了各种课外活动，丰富了我们的校园生活。
②The height of the plants ____________ 8 cm ________ 20 cm.
这些植物的高度从8厘米到20厘米不等。
答案：①a variety of/varieties of/various　②varies from; to


(1)a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的
(2)various adj. 各种各样的；不同种类的
(3)vary v. 变化；使多样化
vary from ... to ... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动

④vital　adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的(P35)

(1)单句语法填空
It is vital that schools ________ (teach) students to use computer technology.
答案：(should) teach
(2)单句写作
①Regular exercise ____________ your health.
经常锻炼对健康非常重要。
②As a matter of fact, ________________ do more reading when people are young.
实际上，人们年轻时多读书至关重要。
答案：①is vital for/to　②it is vital to


be vital to/for 对……至关/极其重要
It is vital to do sth. 做某事至关/极其重要
It is vital that ... 至关/极其重要的是……(从句谓语动词要用should＋动词原形，should可以省略)

⑤treat　vt.& vi. 治疗；对待；款待　n. 款待；招待(P38)

(1)单句改错
She treated each of the children for an ice cream.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：for→to
(2)单句写作
①Don't treat this serious matter ____________.
不要把这件严肃的事看作是一个玩笑。
②Treat others in the same way you want to ____________.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
答案：①as a joke　②be treated


(1)treat sb./sth. like/as ... 把某人/某物看作……
treat sb. badly/well 虐待某人/对某人好
treat sth. seriously 严肃认真地对待某事
treat sb. to sth. 请某人吃某物；用某物招待某人
treat sth. with sth. 用某物医治某种疾病
(2)(It's) my treat. 我请客。
(3)treatment n. 治疗；对待；处理

⑥apply　vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效　vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用(P38)

(1)单句语法填空
①We should know how to apply the knowledge ________ practice.
②Karl is thinking about ________ (apply) for a manager's job in the company.
答案：①to　②applying
(2)单句写作
You will pass the exam only if you really ______________ your study.
只有专心学习，你才能通过这次考试。
答案：apply yourself to


(1)apply sth. to sth. 将某物应用于某物
apply to ... 适用于……
apply for ... 申请……
apply to ... for ... 向……申请……
apply oneself to (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事
be applied to 适用于；应用于
(2)applied adj. 应用的；实用的
(3)application n. 应用；申请(书)
(4)applicant n. 申请人

①in place 在适当的位置；适当(P35)

单句写作
①The chairs for the concert were nearly all ______________.
音乐会要用的椅子差不多都摆好了。
②Robots can now do such dangerous jobs ________________ human beings.
机器人现在可以代替人类做这样的危险工作。
答案：①in place　②in place of


(1)out of place 不在适当的位置；不恰当
(2)in place of 代替
take the place of sb./take sb.'s place 代替某人
(3)take place 发生，进行
(4)make place/room for 为……腾出地方

②make a difference 有影响；区别对待；起(重要)作用(P38)


(1)单句语法填空
It isn't what you have done but what you will do that makes a ________ (different).
答案：difference
(2)单句改错
Morning or afternoon, it will make no difference for me.
________________________________________________________________
答案：for→to
(3)单句写作
①Only through this experience did I realize that small things could ________________.
只有通过这次经历，我才意识到事情虽小意义非凡。
②Can you ________________ between the twins？
你能区分这对双胞胎吗？
答案：①make a big difference　②tell the difference


make some/no difference (to ...) (对……)有一些/没有作用或影响
tell the difference (between ... and ...) 辨别/区分(……与……的)差异

①[教材原句]Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. (P34)
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。


单句语法填空
①Look out for cars when ________ (cross) the street.
②If ________ (impossible), I'll arrive there on time.
③When ________ (ask) what he had done, John just kept silent.
答案：①crossing　②possible　③asked


句中if necessary 为状语从句的省略形式，补充完整应为if it is necessary ...。
在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, whether等连词或相当于连词的短语引导的状语从句中，如果谓语含有be动词的某种形式，且主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it时，从句的主语和be动词常可省略。

②[教材原句]John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. (P38)
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫。


单句写作
①I ________________________ I caught sight of an old man practicing calligraphy on the ground.
我正在跑步，突然看到一位老人在地上练习书法。
②We ________________ the bus when we noticed the shared bikes by the roadside.
我们正要上公共汽车，这时注意到了路边的共享单车。
③We ________________ the high­speed train when it began to pull out.
我们刚登上高铁，列车就开动了。
答案：①was running when　②were about to board/were on the point of boarding　③had just got on


(1)when在此作并列连词用，意为“在这时/那时”，相当于at this/that time。
(2)类似此用法的结构有：
be about to do ... when ... 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing ... when ... 正要做……这时……
had just done ... when ... 刚做了……这时……

课文回练 升华运用
There are three types of burns. They are called first, second or third degree burns, __1__ (depend) on which layers of the skin are burned.
First degree burns affect only __2__ top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel __3__ (good) within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by __4__ (touch) a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.
Second degree burns affect __5__ the top and the second layer of the skin. These burns are serious __6__ take a few weeks __7__ (heal). Examples include severe sunburn and burns __8__ (cause) by hot liquids.
Third degree burns affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs __9__ the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe __10__ (injure) and the victim must go to hospital at once.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.depending　2.the　3.better　4.touching　5.both
6.and　7.to heal　8.caused　9.under　10.injuries

基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.It is vital that these forms ________ (send) back as early as possible.
答案：(should) be sent　It is vital that ... “……是十分重要的”。其中that从句中谓语动词应用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略，句中的forms和send之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
2.________ the aid of the computer, we finished the experiment successfully.
答案：With　with the aid/help of ... “在……的帮助下”。
3.You'd better put things back ________ place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find them.
答案：in　in place “在适当的位置”。
4.We ________ (watch) TV when there was a power failure.
答案：were watching　be doing ... when ... “正在做……这时……”，再由“there was ...”可知，应用过去进行时，故填were watching。
5.The new technology, if ________ (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
答案：applied　从句为状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为“if it is applied ...”。The new technology与apply之间为被动关系，故填applied。
6.Men and women should ________ (treat) equally in education and employment.
答案：be treated　Men and women和treat之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。
7.If the cut ________ (bleed) a lot, stop it by applying gentle pressure with a clean washcloth.
答案：is bleeding　此处表示伤口正在流血，故此处应用现在进行时，表示现在正在持续的状态。
8.Everyone arrived late at the party for ________ (variety) reasons.
答案：various　修饰名词reasons应用形容词，表示“各种各样的”，故填various。
9.Nowadays, television violence ________ (poison) the minds of young people.
答案：is poisoning　表示现阶段正在持续发生的动作，应用现在进行时。
10.Dozens of people got ________ (injury) and many vehicles were set on fire.
答案：injured　get injured “受伤”。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.Besides, a good reading habit ________________(意义非凡).
答案：makes a great difference
2.______________ (如有必要), we shall write an email to inform him of the latest development.
答案：If necessary
3.________________ that running does good to our health.
毫无疑问跑步对我们的健康有益。
答案：There is no doubt
4.______________________________________________________________
他们正通过互联网募资来给各种项目提供资金。(a variety of)
答案：They are raising money via the Internet to fund a variety of projects.
5._______________________________________________________________
如果你不设定目标，你将一事无成。
答案：You will never get anywhere unless you have set your goal.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·贵阳市普通高中高三年级摸底考试)One night __1__ winter, a bear came into the city in Vancouver, Canada. It walked through the city streets past houses, shops and offices. Then it __2__ (find) some food in bins outside a restaurant and started eating. In the morning, someone saw the bear and called the police. The police came with a vet (兽医) from the city zoo. They put the bear in a lorry and took it to the mountains outside the city. __3__ (lucky), the bear was safe. But __4__ happens in other countries when big animals come into cities? In Vancouver it is unusual __5__ (see) a bear, but in some cities you can see big animals on the city streets every day.
Big animals usually come into cities to find food. In Cape Town in South Africa baboons (狒狒) come into the city when they are __6__ (hunger). Human food is very bad for the baboons' __7__ (tooth) because it has a lot of sugar. Now, there are Baboon Monitors working in Cape Town. __8__ (they) job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.
In Berlin, Germany, pigs sometimes come into the city for food. They eat flowers and plants in parks and gardens. Sometimes they eat vegetables from gardens __9__ they walk in the street, causing accidents. Some people like the pigs and they give them food and water. Other people do not like the pigs and they want the government and the police to stop them __10__ (enter) the city.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9.________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了温哥华、开普敦和柏林三个城市对待闯入城市的动物的方式。
1.in　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“在冬天的一个晚上”，故应用介词in，表示“在(某月、某年、某季节等)”。
2.found　考查动词的时态。根据上文中的“One night”和本句中的“started”可知，这里讲述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时，填found。
3.Luckily　考查副词。根据该空后面的逗号和句子成分可知，此处要填副词修饰整个句子，故填Luckily。
4.what　考查疑问句。根据该句句末的问号并结合语境可知，该句是一个疑问句，且该句子的主句缺少主语，表示“什么”，故填what。
5.to see　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句中的“it”为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式，故填to see。
6.hungry　考查词性转换。be动词后面要接形容词作表语，表明主语的状况，故填hungry。
7.teeth　考查名词。tooth “牙齿”为可数名词，此处表示“狒狒的牙齿”，为复数概念，故该空要填名词tooth的复数形式teeth。
8.Their　考查代词。此处指的是“Baboon Monitors”的工作，故此处要填形容词性物主代词Their。
9.and　考查连词。此处前后表述的内容是并列关系，故填and。
10.entering　考查非谓语动词。stop sb. doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”是固定用法，故填entering。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Last Sunday, I sat at my favorite table in a restaurant and wait for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I found that Lin Ling, one of my classmate, worked like a waitress there. Honest speaking, it was great surprise for me to find her working there. As far as I know, she's from a richer family. What was it that made her to work there? I walked up to her and asked her the reason. When asking, she said, “I just want to earn some pocket money so that we can help some children in poor areas go back to school.” How a good girl! I should learn from her.
答案：
Last Sunday, I sat at my favorite table in a restaurant and for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I found that Lin Ling, one of my ， worked a waitress there. speaking, it was great surprise for me to find her working there. As far as I know, she's from a family. What was it that made her work there? I walked up to her and asked her the reason. When ， she said, “I just want to earn some pocket money so that can help some children in poor areas go back to school.” a good girl! I should learn from her.
难项分析：
第一处：wait→waited　考查动词的时态。由时间状语“Last Sunday”可知用一般过去时。
第三处：like→as　考查介词。as “作为……”符合句意。
第八处：asking→asked　考查省略句。补充完整为：When she was asked, she said ... 此处省略了主语和be动词。

课时作业
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2020·黄冈市高三质量检测)You might think having to dial 911 in an emergency would be scary, but really it was OK because I knew what to do. One __1__ I was sitting on a rock watching my mom __2__ a horse. The next second, she went __3__ backward when the horse kicked her. She landed on the ground, __4__， got up on her knees, and held her face in her hands. The horse ran off.
I was in a bit of __5__. I yelled to my mom and __6__ if she was all right. She didn't answer. __7__， she ran inside the house. I was scared, but I knew my mom would want me to make sure the horse was __8__. I led him back to the barn. He's not __9__ or scary or anything—sometimes accidents __10__ happen.
Once I put him in a stall, I ran __11__. My mom did not look OK. I called 911 and told the __12__ what had happened. The ambulance came and drove us a short distance to where a helicopter was waiting to __13__ my mom to the hospital. In the ambulance, I called my mom's friend, who came and took me to the __14__， too.
I was crying and so__15__and shaking. Would my mom be OK？ After a(n) __16__ and five days in the hospital, she came home. I was so __17__ to have her back. She was training __18__ again after about six weeks.
Later on, I couldn't believe it when the government gave me an award for how I __19__ the emergency and helped my mom. One thing's for sure: She can always __20__ me.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者拨打911救妈妈的一次经历。
1.A.moment B．line
C.zone D．second
答案：D　根据下文中的“The next second”(下一秒)可推知，此处表示这一秒“我”坐在石头上看妈妈驯马。故选D。
2.A.push B．train
C.beat Dfeed
答案：B　根据倒数第二段尾句“She was training __18__ again after about six weeks.”可知，此空应填train “训练”。
3.A.approaching B．fighting
C.flying Dcrashing
答案：C　根据本句中的“the horse kicked her”可知，马把妈妈踢飞了。故选C。
4.A.rolled over B．stepped forward
C.slipped away D．spread out
答案：A　根据上文妈妈被马踢飞以及空处所在句的一连串动作可知，此处表示妈妈落地，翻滚，屈膝起来，用手捂脸。roll over意为“翻身”，故选A。step forward “向前走”；slip away “溜走”；spread out “散开”。
5.A.shock B．sadness
C.disappointment Damusement
答案：A　联系上文可知，突如其来的意外事故令“我”震惊。amusement “娱乐”。
6.A.responded B．asked
C.explored Dcomforted
答案：B　根据下文中的“answer”可知，此处应是“我”询问妈妈，故选B。
7.A.Thus B．Unfortunately
C.Instead DActually
答案：C　根据语境可知，妈妈没有回答反而跑进屋里。故选C。
8.A.dead B．wild
C.heavy Dsafe
答案：D　根据语境及空后的“I led him back to the barn”可知，此处表示“我”知道妈妈想让“我”确保马是安全的。故选D。
9.A.mean B．mild
C.lovely Dspecial
答案：A　根据空后的“or scary”并结合语境可知，空处应与scary为同一感情色彩的词。mean意为“凶狠的”，故A项符合语境。mild “温和的”。
10.A.just B．already
C.rarely Drather
答案：A　该句前半部分表述这匹马并不凶狠或吓人，由此可知此处表示有时候意外就是恰巧发生了。故选A。
11.A.outside B．away
C.inside Doff
答案：C　根据第二段中的“she ran inside the house”可知，此时“我”应该也是跑进屋里看妈妈。故选C。
12.A.operator B．waiter
C.doctor Ddirector
答案：A　作者拨打了911，接电话的应是接线员(operator)。
13.A.sacrifice B．bring
C.hold Dtake
答案：D　根据下文妈妈在医院住了5天可知，直升机正等着带妈妈去医院。take sb. to someplace意为“把某人带到某地”。
14.A.helicopter B．hospital
C.ambulance Dbarn
答案：B　根据空后的“too”可知，妈妈的朋友把“我”也带到了医院。故选B。
15.A.discouraged B．frightened
C.confused Dfrozen
答案：B　根据上文妈妈受了很重的伤和该句中的“crying” “shaking”可知，此处表示“我”很害怕。故B项符合语境。
16.A.connection B．recovery
C.operation Dadventure
答案：C　根据上文妈妈受了很重的伤可知，此处表示妈妈手术之后在医院待了5天。recovery “恢复”；operation “手术”。
17.A.upset B．cross
C.happy Dcalm
答案：C　根据语境并结合常识可知，此处表示妈妈回来“我”很开心。故选C。cross “恼怒的”。
18.A.legs B．knees
C.bikes Dhorses
答案：D　根据上文“watching my mom __2__ a horse”可知，妈妈好了之后又开始驯马。故选D。
19.A.handled B．survived
C.instructed Dclaimed
答案：A　根据上下文内容可知，政府因“我”处理紧急情况的方式和帮助了妈妈而奖励了“我”。故选A。claim “宣称”。
20.A.care about B．count on
C.get hold of Dlook up to
答案：B　根据上文“我”处理紧急情况，帮助了妈妈可知，有一点可以肯定的是她可以一直依靠我。care about “关心”；count on “依靠”；get hold of “抓住”；look up to “钦佩”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解

You may need to give first aid. First aid is defined as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person. The goals of first aid are to prevent death and to prevent injuries from becoming worse.
Each emergency condition is different. However, the following rules apply to any kind of emergency.
☆ Be aware of your limitations. Do not try to do more than you are able to. Nor should you do things if you are unfamiliar with them. Do what you can under the conditions at the time.
☆ Stay calm. Acting calmly will help the victim feel safe.
☆ Take a quick look to see if the victim is bleeding, and if there is a pulse.
☆ Keep the victim lying down and do not move him or her. You could make an injury worse if you move the victim.
☆ Take necessary emergency steps.
☆ Call for help or ask someone to make the EMS system (急救系统) start.
☆ Do not remove clothing unless you have to. If clothing must be removed, tear the clothes along the seams (线缝).
☆ Keep the victim warm. Cover the victim with a blanket. Coats and sweaters can be used if a blanket cannot be found.
☆ Reassure the victim. Explain what is happening and that help has been called.
☆ Do not give the victim any food or fruits.
☆ Keep the bystanders away from the victim. Bystanders want to have a look, offer advice, and say something about the victim's condition. The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了平时在进行急救的时候，普遍适用的正确做法。
1.When a person is badly injured on the road, you should ________.
A.act worriedly and hurriedly
B.do whatever you want freely
C.not move him or her
D.make the injured person stand up
答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章中所列的第四个注意事项可知，不要移动受害者，否则你可能会使他/她的伤势恶化，其余选项均与文章细节不符。
2.What can we know from the passage？
A.You should help an injured person in any condition.
B.Don't remove the clothing of the injured person whatever happens.
C.It is necessary to cover the victim with a blanket.
D.If the injured person feels hungry, you should give him or her some food.
答案：C　细节理解题。结合文章中所列的第八个注意事项可知，给受害者盖上一个毛毯，如果找不到毛毯的话，就使用外套或者毛衣。故选C项。
3.Why should bystanders be kept away from the victim？
A.Because bystanders can prevent the victim from receiving first aid.
B.Because what they say can make the victim think the condition is very bad.
C.Because the victim doesn't want to accept the advice of bystanders.
D.Because the victim hates being surrounded by bystanders.
答案：B　细节理解题。结合最后一段最后一句“The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is.”可知，受害者会认为他/她的情况比真实的情况更糟糕。故选B项。
4.The main purpose of the passage is to tell ________.
A.how to save a person
B.what to do when an accident happens
C.how to call for help
D.how to give first aid
答案：D　推理判断题。结合第一段第一句“You may need to give first aid.”和下文的每一件该做或者不该做的事情可知，这篇文章主要是讲怎样进行急救。

(2020·湖南师大附中高三摸底考试)Shark attacks not only disturb beach activities, but can affect associated tourist industries. Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches, but they cause dangers to sea ecosystems.
Seeking a cost­effective way to monitor beach safety over large areas, we have developed a system called Sharkspotter. It combines artificial intelligence (AI) computing power, and drone (无人机) technology to identify and warn lifesavers of sharks near swimmers. The project is a cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group, which is pioneering the use of drones—called “Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers”—in the search and rescue movement in Australia.
Sharkspotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real­time aerial imagery. The system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for sharks, send warnings, and conduct rescues. Developed with techniques known as “deep learning”， the Sharkspotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene. Once certain objects are detected, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale, dolphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers, and swimmers.
If a shark is detected, Sharkspotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Sharkspotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action. In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by.
In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds.
We believe Sharkspotter is a win­win, for both marine (海洋的) life and beach goers. This unique technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches, protecting environments, and promoting tourism.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种旨在防御鲨鱼袭击的技术Shark spotter的工作原理以及重要意义。
5.A Sharkspotter is ________.
A.a solution to monitor sharks
B.an equipment to identify lifesavers
C.a technology to prevent shark attacks
D.a project to pioneer the use of drones
答案：C　细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“如果发现鲨鱼，Sharkspotter 会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉信号，并向操作员发出听觉警告。操作员确认警告，从Sharkspotter系统向冲浪救生员发出短信，以便采取进一步行动。”可知Sharkspotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C。
6.When a shark is spotted near a swimmer, the system will ________.
A.take timely action
B.analyze the visual data
C.classify the identified objects
D.turn on “deep learning” mode
答案：A　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“在紧急情况下，无人机配备了一个救生漂浮仓和一个电子驱鲨器，当游泳者遇到严重麻烦，被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时，可以将电子驱鲨器放入水中。”可推知游泳者在遇到麻烦时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A。
7.The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is ________.
A.efficient in saving lives
B.effective in detecting sharks
C.smart in driving sharks away
D.practical over the whole sea area
答案：A　推理判断题。第五段中的例子是一个成功营救两名被困游泳者的事件，由此可推知，这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的，故选A。
8.What is the authors attitude towards the future of Sharkspotter？
A.Doubtful. B．Optimistic.
C.Negative. DObjective.
答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“我们相信Sharkspotter对海洋生物以及海滩游客来说都是双赢的。”可推知作者对Sharkspotter的未来的态度是积极乐观的，故选B。
Ⅲ.短文改错
Last Saturday our class went hiking in a countryside. We meet at our school gate and set off at 8：00 am. On the way, we were singing and laughing happily while a girl suddenly fell into a deep hole. She felt so frightening and even burst into tears. One of my classmate found a long rope and we finally got him out. Fortunately, she didn't suffer seriously injuries, but it seemed that her ankle slightly twisted. We managed to sending her to the nearest hospital. It is an experience we'll never forget it, though we didn't enjoy ourselves very much that day.
答案：
Last Saturday our class went hiking in countryside. We at our school gate and set off at 8：00 am. On the way, we were singing and laughing happily a girl suddenly fell into a deep hole. She felt so and even burst into tears. One of my found a long rope and we finally got out. Fortunately, she didn't suffer injuries, but it seemed that her ankle slightly twisted. We managed to her to the nearest hospital. It is an experience we'll never forget ， though we didn't enjoy ourselves very much that day.
1.a→the　考查冠词。in the countryside “在农村”。
2.meet→met　考查动词的时态。文章描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。
3.while→when　考查并列连词。在句型“was doing ... when ... (正在做某事，这时突然发生了另一件事)”中用when。
4.frightening→frightened　考查形容词。描述人的主观心理和感觉时，用­ed结尾的形容词。
5.classmate→classmates　考查名词。在“one of the＋名词”结构中，其中的名词应用复数形式。
6.him→her　考查代词。由上文“a girl suddenly fell into a deep hole”可知，此处指将这个小女孩拉上来，故将him改为her。
7.seriously→serious　考查形容词。修饰后面的名词injuries，用形容词。
8.slightly前加was　考查动词的语态。脚踝被扭伤，用被动语态；主语ankle是第三人称单数形式，所以加上was。
9.sending→send　考查非谓语动词。manage to do sth. 为固定动词短语，意为“设法做成某事”，故将sending改为send。
10.删除it　考查定语从句。句中“we'll never forget”是省略了引导词that/which的定语从句，引导词在从句中作forget的宾语，相当于an experience，所以不能再使用it。