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北师大版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 CelebrationsLesson 1 Spring Festival优秀教学设计
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这是一份北师大版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 CelebrationsLesson 1 Spring Festival优秀教学设计，共16页。教案主要包含了Bat等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Her strng lcal accent(口音)betrayed her hmetwn.
2．I swept(扫除)rainwater ff the flat tp f a gravestne.
3．We talked abut the Dragn(龙) Bat Festival hliday and Children's Day.
4．There is an ice lantern(灯笼)shw in Harbin every year in winter.
5．Culd yu summarise(概括)the strengths f yur prpsal fr us?
6．This is happening in every schl thrughut the cuntry.
7．He jumped fr jy n being tld the news.
8．The entire wrld must take ntice f smething like this.
9．The nly wall decratins are candles and a single mirrr.
10．I gt in tuch with him immediately after I received the letter.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．ccasin n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→ccasinal adj.偶然的；临时的→ccasinally adv.偶尔地
2．graduate n．毕业生 vi.毕业→graduatin n．毕业
3．cngratulate vt.祝贺→cngratulatin n．恭喜，祝贺
4．traditin n．传统→traditinal adj.传统的→traditinally adv.传统地
5．scare vt.使(某人)惊恐；吓唬→scary adj.可怕的，引起恐慌的→scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的
6．surrund vt.环绕，围绕→surrunding adj.周围的；四周的→surrundings n．周围的环境
7．rigin n．起源；出身→riginal adj.原先的，最早的，最初的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．cme t an end 结束；终止
2．at war 在交战状态中
3．put up 举起；张贴
4．let ff 使某物爆炸
5．sweep away 扫除；清除
6．upside dwn 上下颠倒
7．light up 照亮；(使)变得喜悦
8．up t 从事，忙于；多大；能胜任
9． 把……吓跑
10．tens f thusands f 成千上万
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The cafe wner has put up the required “n smking” sign.
2．England and Germany used t be at war.
3．They must have knwn what their father was up t.
4．Terrrists let ff a car bmb in a crwded shpping centre.
5．The fight between the tw cuntries finally came t an end.
[寻规律、巧记忆]
ccasin n．重要的社交活动；时刻；时候
(1)n ne ccasin 有一次
n that ccasin 那时；在那种情况下
n ccasin 偶尔
(2)ccasinal adj. 偶尔的；不经常的；特殊场合的
ccasinally adv. 偶然地；偶尔；有时
①On ne ccasin，she called me in the middle f the night.
有一次，她半夜给我打电话。
②He has been knwn n ccasin t lse his temper.
大家都知道他有时会发脾气。
③He managed t remain cl by swimming ccasinally(ccasin)．
他不时地游泳来使自己保持凉快。
[名师点津]
当ccasin后接定语从句时，其引导词要依据ccasin的含义及在从句中所作的成分来确定。当ccasin作先行词，其含义为“场合；庆典”时，应将它看作充当从句中的地点状语，用where来引导；当表示“机会；时刻”时，应将它看作充当从句中的时间状语，用when来引导。
cngratulatin n．恭喜；祝贺
(1)cngratulatin n． 祝贺，恭贺(常用复数形式)
cngratulatins(t sb.)n sth.祝贺(某人)某事
(2)cngratulate sb.n sth. 祝贺某人某事
cngratulate neself n(ding)sth.
庆幸自己(做)某事
①He cngratulated himself n having survived the air crash.
他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于难。
②We cngratulated him n having passed(pass)the examinatin.
我们祝贺他通过了考试。
③I send yu my warmest cngratulatins(cngratulate)n yur success.
我对你的成功致以最热烈的祝贺。
cme t an end 结束
(教材P51)Amid the bm f firecrackers a year has cme t an end，and the spring wind has wafted warm breath t the wine.
爆竹声中一岁除，东风送暖入屠苏。
bring an end t sth.＝bring sth.t an end
使……结束
put an end t sth. 结束，消除
cme t an end 结束
in the end 最终，终于
end in 以……告终，最后的结果是……
end up with 以……结束
①When will we bring an end t the war between the USA and Iraq?
我们何时才能使美伊战争结束？
②The explratin ended in failure.
这次探险活动以失败告终。
③The discussin finally came t an end.
讨论终于结束了。
put up修建；举起；提供膳宿；张贴
(教材P52)t put up decratins
搭建装饰品
写出下列句中put up的含义
①They're putting up several new ffice blcks in the centre f twn.建造
②The exam results will be put up n Friday afternn.张贴
③If yu have any questins，put up yur hands.举起
④They agreed t put tw freign students up ver the summer.提供食宿
put up with 容忍，忍受
put ff 推迟，延期
put dwn 写下，记下；放下
put away 把……收拾起来；把钱、物等储存
起来
put n 穿上；打开；增加(体重等)；假装；
采纳
⑤I have t put up with my cat's fur all ver the huse.
我必须要忍受我的猫在我的房子里掉了满地的猫毛。
⑥Just because f the rain，the sprts meet was put ff.
都是下雨，运动会才延期的。
⑦I nly put away the things that might prve t be a danger t a child.
我只是把可能对孩子造成危险的东西收了起来。
accunt vt.认为是，视为
n．描述，报道；(银行)账户；账目；解释，说明
(教材P52)Read the three readers' accunts.
读三位读者的描述。
(1)accunt fr 说明(原因等)；做出解释；
占……(比例)
(2)n accunt f 由于，因为
n any accunt 无论如何
n n accunt 绝不
take accunt accunt＝ cnsideratin 考虑……
①Yu shuld take these facts int accunt.
＝These facts shuld be taken int accunt.
你应将这些事实加以考虑。
②Hw d yu accunt fr making s many mistakes in yur hmewrk?
你如何解释作业中出现了这么多错误？
[名师点津]
n n accunt置于句首时，句子部分倒装。
attach vt.贴；固定；附上
(教材P52)Next，the Chinese character Fu was attached upside dwn t ur frnt dr.
接着，汉字“福”被倒着贴在门上。
(1)attach 把某物连接到/固定在/附在……上
attach imprtance/significance t...
重视；认为……重要/有意义/有价值
(2)attached 附属于；为……工作；依恋；爱慕
be attached t... 被连接到……；爱慕……
an attached schl 附属学校
①Attach a recent phtgraph t yur applicatin frm befre handing it in.
申请表上请贴一张近照再上交。
②I attach great significance t the summit meeting.
我认为这次峰会会议具有重要意义。
③This hspital is attached(attach)t Hefei Medical University nearby.
这个医院附属于附近的合肥医科大学。
let ff 使某物爆炸
(教材P52)Firewrks were being let ff acrss the city.
烟花在城市上空燃放。
let ut 放出；泄露
let sb.dwn 使某人失望
let in 让……进来，放进
let alne 更不用说，更谈不上
不打扰，不惊动
①I'm afraid she let us dwn badly.
很遗憾，她让我们大失所望。
②The bys were letting ff firewrks.
那些男孩在放烟花。
③With each bump f the airplane he wuld let ut a giggle f delight.
飞机的每一次颠簸都让他发出咯咯的笑声。
scare sb./sth.away把……吓跑
(教材P52)Mrs Chen said that it was t scare away the mnster Nian.
陈女士说这是为了吓走“年”兽。
(1)scared adj. 惊恐的，担惊受怕的
be scaredeq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(f ding... 不敢做……,t d... 害怕做……,that... 害怕))
be scared t death 吓得要命
(2)scare vt. 使某人受惊；惊吓
n. 恐慌；惊恐
scare sb.away/ff 把某人吓跑/吓退
scare sb.int ding sth. 恐吓某人做某事
①She tries t scare the child int behaving well.
她试图恐吓那孩子让其守规矩。
②She was scared t death(die)t wait fr the result f her entrance examinatin in the middle f June.
在六月中旬，她非常害怕地等着入学考试成绩。
③The little girl was scared t g(g)ut alne in the evening.
晚上小女孩不敢独自外出。
[语境助记]
The little girl is scared f ging acrss the bridge because she is scared t fall int the river.
surrund vt.环绕；围绕
(教材P53)Every year，the mment I get n the train，I am surrunded by Shanxi accents－and I knw that I am heading hme t my family.
每年，一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。
(1)surrund sb.使……包围某人/某物
be surrunded by/with... 被……包围/环绕
surrund＋反身代词＋with...
喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有
(某类东西)
(2)surrunding adj. 周围的，附近的
surrundings n. 周围的事物；环境；气氛
①Peple say it is Canada's mst beautiful city，surrunded by muntains and the Pacific Ocean.
人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。
②He lves t surrund himself with his family and friends.
他喜欢与家人和朋友在一起。
③I'd like t bring up my child in healthy surrundings(surrund)．
我想在健康的环境中养育我的孩子。
(教材P53)I usually start planning my trip hme t Shanxi weeks befre Spring Festival，as train tickets r flights have t be bked as early as pssible.
通常春节前数周我就开始计划回山西的旅程，因为要尽早订火车票或飞机票。
【要点提炼】 句中的as作连词，表示原因。意为“因为”。
(1)as作为从属连词，可以引导下列从句
a．时间状语从句，意为“正当……的时候”、“一面……一面……”、“随着……”，从句可放主句之前或主句之后。
b．引导方式状语从句，意为“如同”、“按照……的方式、样子、办法”。as从句总跟在主句之后。
c．as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，多在主句之前，且多用倒装。(应将从句主要成分的形容词、副词、原形动词、不加冠词的单数名词置于as前面)。
d．as引导比较状语从句，意为“和……一样/不一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词(意为“那么”“如此”)，第二个as为连词(引导的比较状语从句常常用省略)。其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as。
(2)as作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，既可以单独使用，也可以与其他词连用，其用法要比that和which更为复杂，而且as在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语，可以指人也可指物。
(3)as作为介词的用法：表示“好像，作为，当作”。
①As he walked n，he felt himself getting mre and mre tired.
随着他继续走，他感到他越来越劳累。
②Difficult as it is，we shuld nt give it up.
尽管很难，我们不应该放弃。
③This film is as interesting as that ne.
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
(教材P53)Every year，the mment I get n the train，I am surrunded by Shanxi accents－and I knw that I am heading hme t my family.
每年一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。
【要点提炼】 句中the mment I get n the train是the mment引导的时间状语从句，the mment表示“一……就”。
表示“一……就”的形式还有：
1the minute/secnd/instant
2immediately/directly/instantly
3；n
4as sn as...
5n＋n./ding...
①I went hme directly I had finished wrk.
我一干完活就回家了。
②N sner had he arrived than he fell sick.
他刚抵达就病倒了。
③They were presented with flwers n arrival/arriving(arrive)at the airprt.
在他们到达机场时，向他们献了花。
被动语态的用法
一、基本知识
(一)概念
语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。
(二)构成
被动语态一般由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。
(三)用法
1．讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者。(这时可省略by短语)
My bike was stlen last night.
我的自行车昨晚被偷了。
2．借助被动的动作突出动作的受动者。
The bike was kncked dwn by a naughty by.
这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。
3．为使句子更加合理、流畅。
The plan was supprted by thse wh wished t live n the campus.
这计划得到希望住在校内的人的支持。
4．习惯用法的需要。
这类词常见的有brn，determine，devte，seat，dress，situate等。
He was brn in China in 2017.
他于2017年出生在中国。
[即时训练1] 用所给动词的正确形式填空
①－S what is the prcedure?
－All the applicants are interviewed(interview)befre a final decisin is made by the authrity.
②If nthing is dne(d)，the ceans will turn int fish deserts.
③Mum，I was wndering if yu culd lend me a few dllars until I get paid(pay)n Friday.
二、形式
The by is ften heard t play the pian.
人们经常听到这个男孩弹钢琴。(一般现在时)
She was seen t enter the hall.
有人看见她进了大厅。(一般过去时)
A new huse will be built by us next year.
明年我们要建一栋新房子。(一般将来时)
The prblem is being discussed at the meeting.
会议上正在讨论这个问题。(现在进行时)
A meeting was being held when I was there.
我到那儿时，正在开会。(过去进行时)
All these flwers have been watered.
这些花都浇过了。(现在完成时)
The building had been cmpleted befre I arrived.
在我去之前那座建筑就已竣工了。(过去完成时)
These bks may be kept fr tw weeks.
这些书可以借两周。(含情态动词)
[名师点津]
被动语态中的be动词有时可用get来代替。“get＋过去分词”一般用来谈论突然发生的事件，只表示动作，不表示状态。
She gt hurt n her way back hme.
她在回家的路上受伤了。
[即时训练2] 用所给动词的正确形式填空
①－Have yu heard abut that fire in the market?
－Yes，frtunately n ne was hurt(hurt)．
②The cnditin is usually treated with drugs and a strict diet.
③The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts will be rewarded(reward)with success in the end.
三、被动语态的注意事项
1．以主动形式表被动意义的动词
(1)表示状态特征的系动词，如lk，sund，feel，smell，taste，prve不用于被动语态，其后接形容词或名词构成系表结构，表示被动含义。
The fd tastes delicius.
这食物味道鲜美。
The cttn feels sft.
棉花摸上去很软。
(2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如pen，shut，lck，sell，write，wash习惯上以主动形式表示被动含义。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。
This kind f clth washes well.
这种布好洗。
The engine wn't start.
引擎发动不起来。
(3)need，want，require作谓语，其主语为物时，动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。
The plan required discussing.
这项计划需要讨论。
2．不用被动语态的几种情况
(1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，常见的有：appear，die，disappear，rise，end，fail，happen，last，lie，remain，sit，spread，stand，break ut，cme true，fall asleep，lse heart，take place等。
The price has risen.
价格升高了。
The accident happened last week.
事故是上周发生的。
[名师点津]
要想正确地使用被动语态，就需注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
(2)有些及物动词和及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，常见的有：fit，have，hld，marry，wn，wish，cst，ntice，watch，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in，suffer frm，happen t，take part in，walk int，belng t。
This key just fits the lck.这把钥匙适合这把锁。
Yur stry agrees with what he heard.
你的故事与他听到的相符。
[即时训练3] 用所给动词的正确形式填空
①Yur idea sunds(sund)a gd ne.
②This cheese desn't cut(nt cut)easily.It's t sft.
③The flwers in the garden needs watering(water)．
单句语法填空
1．Vegetables and fruits in this shp sell(sell)well.
2．Ftball is played(play)in mst cuntries f the wrld.
3．I had nt been wken(wake)up by the nise，s I was late this mrning.
4．When was the first manmade satellite sent(send)up int space?
5．Hw many magazines can be brrwed(brrw)frm yur library every week?
6．I have t g t wrk by taxi because my car is being repaired(repair)at the garage.
7．Unless sme extra mney is fund(find)，the theatre will clse.
8．I had a strng desire t reach in and play with the ty，but was held(hld)back thankfully by the shp windw.
9．It is reprted that a space statin will be built(build)n the mn in years t cme.
10．The Great Wall is knwn(knw)all ver the wrld.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Instantly(instant)he saw me，he held ut his hands.
2．As a Party member，I'll take the lead in everything.
3．Fxes started cming in frm the surrunding(surrund)cuntryside.
4．He was scared(scare)t crss the rickety bridge.
5．He hasn't enugh mney fr fd，let alne amusements.
6．Much imprtance is attached t the develpment f the individual self.
7．He culd nt accunt fr his absence frm schl.
8．Make sure that yu put dwn every wrd she says.
9．I hpe we have brught an end t ur arguments.
10．We must telephne ur cngratulatins(cngratulate)t the happy cuple.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．无论他怎样努力也达不到目标。
Hwever hard he may try，he will nt attain his gal.
2．告诉他，他一到我就要见他。
Tell him I need t see him the minute he arrives.
3．这是花草树木环绕周围的房子。
This is a huse surrunded with trees and flwers.
4．他脸色苍白，看起来吓得要死。
His face was white and he lked scared t death.
5．我决不向他道歉。
On n cnditin d I make an aplgy t him.
n.＋al→adj.
v.＋away→动词短语
persnal 个人的
exceptinal 例外的
reginal 地区性的
give away泄露，分送
get away逃脱，离开
put away把……收起来放好
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.It is believed that when Fu is put upside dwn，happiness arrives.
人们相信当“福”字倒着贴，福就会到来。
It be＋过去分词＋that...
It is believed that the cuple have left the cuntry.
据信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
2.I usually start planning my trip hme t Shanxi weeks befre Spring Festival，as train tickets r flights have t be bked as early as pssible.
通常春节前数周我就开始计划回山西的旅程，因为要尽早订火车票或机票。
as表示原因
As she was nt well，I went there alne.
因为她身体不好，所以我独自到那里去了。
3.Every year，the mment I get n the train，I am surrunded by Shanxi accents－and I knw that I am heading hme t my family.
每年，一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。
the mment引导时间状语从句
I fund myself in an entirely new wrld the mment I arrived in Beijing.
我一到北京就感到耳目一新。
4.What's imprtant is wh we eat it with.
重要的是我们和谁一起吃。
what引导主语从句
What he said at the meeting astnished everybdy present.
他在会议上所说的让在场的所有人很震惊。
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family.
2.First，the huse was cleaned frm tp t bttm.
3.Firewrks were being let ff acrss the city.
4.The night sky was lighted up by them.
am surrunded by Shanxi accents...
6.Great fun is als enjyed in the kitchen as the dumplings are being made.
以上各句均为被动语态。其中1、5、6句为一般现在时的被动语态；具体结构是：am/is/are dne；2、4句为一般过去时的被动语态，具体
结构是：was/were dne；3句为过去进行时的被动语态，具体结构是was/were being dne；6句为现在进行时的被动语态，具体结构为am/is/are being dne。
时态名称
被动语态形式
一般现在时
am/is/are＋过去分词
一般过去时
was/were＋过去分词
一般将来时
will/shall＋be＋过去分词
过去将来时
wuld＋be＋过去分词
现在进行时
am/is/are＋being＋过去分词
过去进行时
was/were＋being＋过去分词
现在完成时
have/has＋been＋过去分词
过去完成时
had＋been＋过去分词
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Her strng lcal accent(口音)betrayed her hmetwn.
2．I swept(扫除)rainwater ff the flat tp f a gravestne.
3．We talked abut the Dragn(龙) Bat Festival hliday and Children's Day.
4．There is an ice lantern(灯笼)shw in Harbin every year in winter.
5．Culd yu summarise(概括)the strengths f yur prpsal fr us?
6．This is happening in every schl thrughut the cuntry.
7．He jumped fr jy n being tld the news.
8．The entire wrld must take ntice f smething like this.
9．The nly wall decratins are candles and a single mirrr.
10．I gt in tuch with him immediately after I received the letter.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．ccasin n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→ccasinal adj.偶然的；临时的→ccasinally adv.偶尔地
2．graduate n．毕业生 vi.毕业→graduatin n．毕业
3．cngratulate vt.祝贺→cngratulatin n．恭喜，祝贺
4．traditin n．传统→traditinal adj.传统的→traditinally adv.传统地
5．scare vt.使(某人)惊恐；吓唬→scary adj.可怕的，引起恐慌的→scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的
6．surrund vt.环绕，围绕→surrunding adj.周围的；四周的→surrundings n．周围的环境
7．rigin n．起源；出身→riginal adj.原先的，最早的，最初的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．cme t an end 结束；终止
2．at war 在交战状态中
3．put up 举起；张贴
4．let ff 使某物爆炸
5．sweep away 扫除；清除
6．upside dwn 上下颠倒
7．light up 照亮；(使)变得喜悦
8．up t 从事，忙于；多大；能胜任
9． 把……吓跑
10．tens f thusands f 成千上万
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The cafe wner has put up the required “n smking” sign.
2．England and Germany used t be at war.
3．They must have knwn what their father was up t.
4．Terrrists let ff a car bmb in a crwded shpping centre.
5．The fight between the tw cuntries finally came t an end.
[寻规律、巧记忆]
ccasin n．重要的社交活动；时刻；时候
(1)n ne ccasin 有一次
n that ccasin 那时；在那种情况下
n ccasin 偶尔
(2)ccasinal adj. 偶尔的；不经常的；特殊场合的
ccasinally adv. 偶然地；偶尔；有时
①On ne ccasin，she called me in the middle f the night.
有一次，她半夜给我打电话。
②He has been knwn n ccasin t lse his temper.
大家都知道他有时会发脾气。
③He managed t remain cl by swimming ccasinally(ccasin)．
他不时地游泳来使自己保持凉快。
[名师点津]
当ccasin后接定语从句时，其引导词要依据ccasin的含义及在从句中所作的成分来确定。当ccasin作先行词，其含义为“场合；庆典”时，应将它看作充当从句中的地点状语，用where来引导；当表示“机会；时刻”时，应将它看作充当从句中的时间状语，用when来引导。
cngratulatin n．恭喜；祝贺
(1)cngratulatin n． 祝贺，恭贺(常用复数形式)
cngratulatins(t sb.)n sth.祝贺(某人)某事
(2)cngratulate sb.n sth. 祝贺某人某事
cngratulate neself n(ding)sth.
庆幸自己(做)某事
①He cngratulated himself n having survived the air crash.
他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于难。
②We cngratulated him n having passed(pass)the examinatin.
我们祝贺他通过了考试。
③I send yu my warmest cngratulatins(cngratulate)n yur success.
我对你的成功致以最热烈的祝贺。
cme t an end 结束
(教材P51)Amid the bm f firecrackers a year has cme t an end，and the spring wind has wafted warm breath t the wine.
爆竹声中一岁除，东风送暖入屠苏。
bring an end t sth.＝bring sth.t an end
使……结束
put an end t sth. 结束，消除
cme t an end 结束
in the end 最终，终于
end in 以……告终，最后的结果是……
end up with 以……结束
①When will we bring an end t the war between the USA and Iraq?
我们何时才能使美伊战争结束？
②The explratin ended in failure.
这次探险活动以失败告终。
③The discussin finally came t an end.
讨论终于结束了。
put up修建；举起；提供膳宿；张贴
(教材P52)t put up decratins
搭建装饰品
写出下列句中put up的含义
①They're putting up several new ffice blcks in the centre f twn.建造
②The exam results will be put up n Friday afternn.张贴
③If yu have any questins，put up yur hands.举起
④They agreed t put tw freign students up ver the summer.提供食宿
put up with 容忍，忍受
put ff 推迟，延期
put dwn 写下，记下；放下
put away 把……收拾起来；把钱、物等储存
起来
put n 穿上；打开；增加(体重等)；假装；
采纳
⑤I have t put up with my cat's fur all ver the huse.
我必须要忍受我的猫在我的房子里掉了满地的猫毛。
⑥Just because f the rain，the sprts meet was put ff.
都是下雨，运动会才延期的。
⑦I nly put away the things that might prve t be a danger t a child.
我只是把可能对孩子造成危险的东西收了起来。
accunt vt.认为是，视为
n．描述，报道；(银行)账户；账目；解释，说明
(教材P52)Read the three readers' accunts.
读三位读者的描述。
(1)accunt fr 说明(原因等)；做出解释；
占……(比例)
(2)n accunt f 由于，因为
n any accunt 无论如何
n n accunt 绝不
take accunt accunt＝ cnsideratin 考虑……
①Yu shuld take these facts int accunt.
＝These facts shuld be taken int accunt.
你应将这些事实加以考虑。
②Hw d yu accunt fr making s many mistakes in yur hmewrk?
你如何解释作业中出现了这么多错误？
[名师点津]
n n accunt置于句首时，句子部分倒装。
attach vt.贴；固定；附上
(教材P52)Next，the Chinese character Fu was attached upside dwn t ur frnt dr.
接着，汉字“福”被倒着贴在门上。
(1)attach 把某物连接到/固定在/附在……上
attach imprtance/significance t...
重视；认为……重要/有意义/有价值
(2)attached 附属于；为……工作；依恋；爱慕
be attached t... 被连接到……；爱慕……
an attached schl 附属学校
①Attach a recent phtgraph t yur applicatin frm befre handing it in.
申请表上请贴一张近照再上交。
②I attach great significance t the summit meeting.
我认为这次峰会会议具有重要意义。
③This hspital is attached(attach)t Hefei Medical University nearby.
这个医院附属于附近的合肥医科大学。
let ff 使某物爆炸
(教材P52)Firewrks were being let ff acrss the city.
烟花在城市上空燃放。
let ut 放出；泄露
let sb.dwn 使某人失望
let in 让……进来，放进
let alne 更不用说，更谈不上
不打扰，不惊动
①I'm afraid she let us dwn badly.
很遗憾，她让我们大失所望。
②The bys were letting ff firewrks.
那些男孩在放烟花。
③With each bump f the airplane he wuld let ut a giggle f delight.
飞机的每一次颠簸都让他发出咯咯的笑声。
scare sb./sth.away把……吓跑
(教材P52)Mrs Chen said that it was t scare away the mnster Nian.
陈女士说这是为了吓走“年”兽。
(1)scared adj. 惊恐的，担惊受怕的
be scaredeq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(f ding... 不敢做……,t d... 害怕做……,that... 害怕))
be scared t death 吓得要命
(2)scare vt. 使某人受惊；惊吓
n. 恐慌；惊恐
scare sb.away/ff 把某人吓跑/吓退
scare sb.int ding sth. 恐吓某人做某事
①She tries t scare the child int behaving well.
她试图恐吓那孩子让其守规矩。
②She was scared t death(die)t wait fr the result f her entrance examinatin in the middle f June.
在六月中旬，她非常害怕地等着入学考试成绩。
③The little girl was scared t g(g)ut alne in the evening.
晚上小女孩不敢独自外出。
[语境助记]
The little girl is scared f ging acrss the bridge because she is scared t fall int the river.
surrund vt.环绕；围绕
(教材P53)Every year，the mment I get n the train，I am surrunded by Shanxi accents－and I knw that I am heading hme t my family.
每年，一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。
(1)surrund sb.使……包围某人/某物
be surrunded by/with... 被……包围/环绕
surrund＋反身代词＋with...
喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有
(某类东西)
(2)surrunding adj. 周围的，附近的
surrundings n. 周围的事物；环境；气氛
①Peple say it is Canada's mst beautiful city，surrunded by muntains and the Pacific Ocean.
人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。
②He lves t surrund himself with his family and friends.
他喜欢与家人和朋友在一起。
③I'd like t bring up my child in healthy surrundings(surrund)．
我想在健康的环境中养育我的孩子。
(教材P53)I usually start planning my trip hme t Shanxi weeks befre Spring Festival，as train tickets r flights have t be bked as early as pssible.
通常春节前数周我就开始计划回山西的旅程，因为要尽早订火车票或飞机票。
【要点提炼】 句中的as作连词，表示原因。意为“因为”。
(1)as作为从属连词，可以引导下列从句
a．时间状语从句，意为“正当……的时候”、“一面……一面……”、“随着……”，从句可放主句之前或主句之后。
b．引导方式状语从句，意为“如同”、“按照……的方式、样子、办法”。as从句总跟在主句之后。
c．as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，多在主句之前，且多用倒装。(应将从句主要成分的形容词、副词、原形动词、不加冠词的单数名词置于as前面)。
d．as引导比较状语从句，意为“和……一样/不一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词(意为“那么”“如此”)，第二个as为连词(引导的比较状语从句常常用省略)。其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as。
(2)as作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，既可以单独使用，也可以与其他词连用，其用法要比that和which更为复杂，而且as在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语，可以指人也可指物。
(3)as作为介词的用法：表示“好像，作为，当作”。
①As he walked n，he felt himself getting mre and mre tired.
随着他继续走，他感到他越来越劳累。
②Difficult as it is，we shuld nt give it up.
尽管很难，我们不应该放弃。
③This film is as interesting as that ne.
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
(教材P53)Every year，the mment I get n the train，I am surrunded by Shanxi accents－and I knw that I am heading hme t my family.
每年一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。
【要点提炼】 句中the mment I get n the train是the mment引导的时间状语从句，the mment表示“一……就”。
表示“一……就”的形式还有：
1the minute/secnd/instant
2immediately/directly/instantly
3；n
4as sn as...
5n＋n./ding...
①I went hme directly I had finished wrk.
我一干完活就回家了。
②N sner had he arrived than he fell sick.
他刚抵达就病倒了。
③They were presented with flwers n arrival/arriving(arrive)at the airprt.
在他们到达机场时，向他们献了花。
被动语态的用法
一、基本知识
(一)概念
语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。
(二)构成
被动语态一般由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。
(三)用法
1．讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者。(这时可省略by短语)
My bike was stlen last night.
我的自行车昨晚被偷了。
2．借助被动的动作突出动作的受动者。
The bike was kncked dwn by a naughty by.
这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。
3．为使句子更加合理、流畅。
The plan was supprted by thse wh wished t live n the campus.
这计划得到希望住在校内的人的支持。
4．习惯用法的需要。
这类词常见的有brn，determine，devte，seat，dress，situate等。
He was brn in China in 2017.
他于2017年出生在中国。
[即时训练1] 用所给动词的正确形式填空
①－S what is the prcedure?
－All the applicants are interviewed(interview)befre a final decisin is made by the authrity.
②If nthing is dne(d)，the ceans will turn int fish deserts.
③Mum，I was wndering if yu culd lend me a few dllars until I get paid(pay)n Friday.
二、形式
The by is ften heard t play the pian.
人们经常听到这个男孩弹钢琴。(一般现在时)
She was seen t enter the hall.
有人看见她进了大厅。(一般过去时)
A new huse will be built by us next year.
明年我们要建一栋新房子。(一般将来时)
The prblem is being discussed at the meeting.
会议上正在讨论这个问题。(现在进行时)
A meeting was being held when I was there.
我到那儿时，正在开会。(过去进行时)
All these flwers have been watered.
这些花都浇过了。(现在完成时)
The building had been cmpleted befre I arrived.
在我去之前那座建筑就已竣工了。(过去完成时)
These bks may be kept fr tw weeks.
这些书可以借两周。(含情态动词)
[名师点津]
被动语态中的be动词有时可用get来代替。“get＋过去分词”一般用来谈论突然发生的事件，只表示动作，不表示状态。
She gt hurt n her way back hme.
她在回家的路上受伤了。
[即时训练2] 用所给动词的正确形式填空
①－Have yu heard abut that fire in the market?
－Yes，frtunately n ne was hurt(hurt)．
②The cnditin is usually treated with drugs and a strict diet.
③The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts will be rewarded(reward)with success in the end.
三、被动语态的注意事项
1．以主动形式表被动意义的动词
(1)表示状态特征的系动词，如lk，sund，feel，smell，taste，prve不用于被动语态，其后接形容词或名词构成系表结构，表示被动含义。
The fd tastes delicius.
这食物味道鲜美。
The cttn feels sft.
棉花摸上去很软。
(2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如pen，shut，lck，sell，write，wash习惯上以主动形式表示被动含义。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。
This kind f clth washes well.
这种布好洗。
The engine wn't start.
引擎发动不起来。
(3)need，want，require作谓语，其主语为物时，动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。
The plan required discussing.
这项计划需要讨论。
2．不用被动语态的几种情况
(1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，常见的有：appear，die，disappear，rise，end，fail，happen，last，lie，remain，sit，spread，stand，break ut，cme true，fall asleep，lse heart，take place等。
The price has risen.
价格升高了。
The accident happened last week.
事故是上周发生的。
[名师点津]
要想正确地使用被动语态，就需注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
(2)有些及物动词和及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，常见的有：fit，have，hld，marry，wn，wish，cst，ntice，watch，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in，suffer frm，happen t，take part in，walk int，belng t。
This key just fits the lck.这把钥匙适合这把锁。
Yur stry agrees with what he heard.
你的故事与他听到的相符。
[即时训练3] 用所给动词的正确形式填空
①Yur idea sunds(sund)a gd ne.
②This cheese desn't cut(nt cut)easily.It's t sft.
③The flwers in the garden needs watering(water)．
单句语法填空
1．Vegetables and fruits in this shp sell(sell)well.
2．Ftball is played(play)in mst cuntries f the wrld.
3．I had nt been wken(wake)up by the nise，s I was late this mrning.
4．When was the first manmade satellite sent(send)up int space?
5．Hw many magazines can be brrwed(brrw)frm yur library every week?
6．I have t g t wrk by taxi because my car is being repaired(repair)at the garage.
7．Unless sme extra mney is fund(find)，the theatre will clse.
8．I had a strng desire t reach in and play with the ty，but was held(hld)back thankfully by the shp windw.
9．It is reprted that a space statin will be built(build)n the mn in years t cme.
10．The Great Wall is knwn(knw)all ver the wrld.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Instantly(instant)he saw me，he held ut his hands.
2．As a Party member，I'll take the lead in everything.
3．Fxes started cming in frm the surrunding(surrund)cuntryside.
4．He was scared(scare)t crss the rickety bridge.
5．He hasn't enugh mney fr fd，let alne amusements.
6．Much imprtance is attached t the develpment f the individual self.
7．He culd nt accunt fr his absence frm schl.
8．Make sure that yu put dwn every wrd she says.
9．I hpe we have brught an end t ur arguments.
10．We must telephne ur cngratulatins(cngratulate)t the happy cuple.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．无论他怎样努力也达不到目标。
Hwever hard he may try，he will nt attain his gal.
2．告诉他，他一到我就要见他。
Tell him I need t see him the minute he arrives.
3．这是花草树木环绕周围的房子。
This is a huse surrunded with trees and flwers.
4．他脸色苍白，看起来吓得要死。
His face was white and he lked scared t death.
5．我决不向他道歉。
On n cnditin d I make an aplgy t him.
n.＋al→adj.
v.＋away→动词短语
persnal 个人的
exceptinal 例外的
reginal 地区性的
give away泄露，分送
get away逃脱，离开
put away把……收起来放好
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.It is believed that when Fu is put upside dwn，happiness arrives.
人们相信当“福”字倒着贴，福就会到来。
It be＋过去分词＋that...
It is believed that the cuple have left the cuntry.
据信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
2.I usually start planning my trip hme t Shanxi weeks befre Spring Festival，as train tickets r flights have t be bked as early as pssible.
通常春节前数周我就开始计划回山西的旅程，因为要尽早订火车票或机票。
as表示原因
As she was nt well，I went there alne.
因为她身体不好，所以我独自到那里去了。
3.Every year，the mment I get n the train，I am surrunded by Shanxi accents－and I knw that I am heading hme t my family.
每年，一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。
the mment引导时间状语从句
I fund myself in an entirely new wrld the mment I arrived in Beijing.
我一到北京就感到耳目一新。
4.What's imprtant is wh we eat it with.
重要的是我们和谁一起吃。
what引导主语从句
What he said at the meeting astnished everybdy present.
他在会议上所说的让在场的所有人很震惊。
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family.
2.First，the huse was cleaned frm tp t bttm.
3.Firewrks were being let ff acrss the city.
4.The night sky was lighted up by them.
am surrunded by Shanxi accents...
6.Great fun is als enjyed in the kitchen as the dumplings are being made.
以上各句均为被动语态。其中1、5、6句为一般现在时的被动语态；具体结构是：am/is/are dne；2、4句为一般过去时的被动语态，具体
结构是：was/were dne；3句为过去进行时的被动语态，具体结构是was/were being dne；6句为现在进行时的被动语态，具体结构为am/is/are being dne。
时态名称
被动语态形式
一般现在时
am/is/are＋过去分词
一般过去时
was/were＋过去分词
一般将来时
will/shall＋be＋过去分词
过去将来时
wuld＋be＋过去分词
现在进行时
am/is/are＋being＋过去分词
过去进行时
was/were＋being＋过去分词
现在完成时
have/has＋been＋过去分词
过去完成时
had＋been＋过去分词
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