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2020届广东省肇庆市高三高中毕业班第二次统一检测英语试题（解析版）
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试卷类型：A
肇庆市2020届高中毕业班第二次统一检测
英 语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。因测试不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Attractive lakeside cottages and cabins
Lafitte’s Landing Guest Quarters, Uncertain, Texas
There are five cottages featuring high ceilings and spacious bedrooms. Lafitte’s is a certified Backyard Wildlife Habitat, so you don’t have to go far for bird-watching. Explore the lake on a steamboat, or head to Caddo Lake State Park for night adventures such as Owl Nights and Bat Watches.
Rates: Summer nightly rates range from $559 to $1, 899
Lake Placid Lodge, Lake Placid, New York
With 17 cabins sitting along the shores of Lake Placid, the arts-and-crafts-style Lake Placid Lodge offers an exciting summer lake experience. Lakefront cabins come outfitted with hand-built beds and stone fireplaces. Go for a hike, or hit the lake for swimming, fishing, or boating.
Rates: Rates are $120 per night for double occupancy; each additional person is $20 per night.
Lake Crescent Lodge, Olympic National Park, Washington
Its cottages and cabins are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Choose between one-and two-bedroom Singer Tavern Cottages, or stay in the always favored (and often booked) Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins. Spend your days hiking in the surrounding Olympic National Park, or exploring Lake Crescent by boat.
Rates: Nightly rates for cottages and cabins range between $317 and $398.
Tamarack Lodge Resort, Mammoth Lakes, California
It is on the peaceful shores of the Twin Lakes. Choose between recently built Deluxe Cabins and old wood-and-stone cabins. Swimming, fishing, boating, biking, and hiking are popular pastimes.
Rates: Summer cabin rates range from $369 to $999 per night.
21. Where can you observe bats at night?
A. At Caddo Lake State Park B. At Lake Placid
C. At Olympic National Park D. At the Twin Lakes
22. If three people share one room in Lake Placid Lodge, how much will they pay?
A. $60 B. $120 C. $140 D. $360
23. Which of the following is difficult to reserve?
A. Cottages at Lafitte’s Landing Guest Quarters
B. Cabins at Lake Placid Lodge
C. Deluxe Cabins
D. Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins
【解析】
21．A．细节理解题．根据文章Lafitte's Landing Guest Quarters介绍部分， Explore the lake on a steamboat， or head to Caddo Lake State Park for night adventures such as Owl Nights and Bat Watches．乘坐蒸汽船探索湖面，或前往卡多湖州立公园进行夜游，可以看到猫头鹰和大量的蝙蝠，结合选项，故选A．
22．C．细节理解题．根据Lake Placid Lodge介绍部分：Rates： Rates are ﹩120 per night for double occupancy； each additional person is ﹩20 per night 价格：双人房每晚120英镑，每多一个人，则加收20英镑．可知，三个人住一个房间的话，收费应该是140英镑，结合选项，故选C．
23．D．推理判断题．根据文章Lake Crescent Lodge介绍部分：Choose between one-and two-bedroom Singer Tavern Cottages， or stay in the always favored （and often booked） Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins．在一居室和两居室的歌手酒馆小屋之间选择，或者住在一向受欢迎（而且经常预订）的罗斯福壁炉小屋．可知，最受欢迎的，也是比较难定到的就是Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins，结合选项，故选D．
本文章主要讲述了几个适合游玩的迷人的湖边小屋，并对每个景点的特点进行了描述．
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
B
Growing up, I thought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas(公式) and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. One of my teachers told my mother that I was “slow”. But my problem wasn't with math itself. In fact, when a topic seemed particularly interesting, I would go to the library and read more about it.
By high school, no one told me that I could become a professional mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.
The chances of that happening were very low. But that didn’t stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it. They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country. In the end, a Big Ten school, Penn State, did offer me a scholarship.
I wish math teachers were more like football coaches. Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan. They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback(反馈).
Until I got to college, I didn't really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as laborious(耗时费力的) calculations. Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem. It wasn't easy, but it was fascinating. My professor kept giving me problems, and I kept pursuing them, even though I couldn’t always solve them immediately. The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. Instead, it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy. It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity. I am now a Ph. D candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
24. Why did the writer think math class in school was “something to be endured” before
entering college?
A. Because he wasn’t interested in math.
B. Because his math teachers didn't care to push him.
C. Because he was too smart and talented for math class.
D. Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship.
25. According to the writer, students are affected by the following things from teachers or coaches EXCEPT ________.
A. a sense of purpose B. constant feedback C. passion D. specific instructions
26. We can conclude that after entering college, the writer ________.
A. was busy looking for math problems to solve
B. studied on his own just as he was in high school
C. met with laborious calculations in his studies
D. began to realize what mathematics really is
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. Interest is the best teacher
B. Be the best—you can make it
C. Math, taught like football
D. Once your teacher, always your teacher
24． B 细节理解题．根据第一段"Growing up， I thought math class was something to be endured， not enjoyed． I disliked memorizing formulas（公式） and taking tests， all for the dull goal of getting a good grade． One of my teachers told my mother that I was "slow"．在我的成长过程中，我认为数学课是值得忍受的，而不是享受的．我不喜欢背诵公式和参加考试，所有这些都是为了获得一个好成绩的枯燥目标．我的一位老师告诉我妈妈我"慢"．"可知数学老师觉得他"slow"应该是没有逼他学数学，所以作者认为数学课是值得忍受的．故选B．
25． A 细节理解题．根据第四段"
I wish math teachers were more like football coaches． Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan． They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers， and they seek a sense of purpose． They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback（反馈）．我希望数学老师更像足球教练．学生不仅会受到教案质量的影响．他们还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出反应，并寻求目标感．他们会从具体的指导和不断的反馈中受益．"可知他们从老师的热情，具体的指导和不断的反馈中受益．而目标感是学生自己的．故选A．
26． D 细节理解题．根据第五段"Until I got to college， I didn't really know what mathematics was．直到我上了大学，我才真正知道数学是什么．"可知作者进入大学才开始意识到数学到底是什么．故选D．
27． C 文章标题题．阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了作者大学以前不喜欢数学，老师也没有逼他．我希望数学老师更像足球教练．学生不仅会受到教案质量的影响．他们还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出反应，并寻求目标感．到了大学后，才真正知道数学是什么．它更接近于我小时候独自做的数学和逻辑难题．它给了我同样的好奇心和好奇心，它奖励了我的创造力．所以"Math， taught like football"做题目最合适．故选C．
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者大学以前不喜欢数学，老师也没有逼他．作者希望数学老师更像足球教练．学生不仅会受到教案质量的影响．他们还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出反应，并寻求目标感．到了大学后，才真正知道数学是什么．它更接近于作者小时候独自做的数学和逻辑难题．它给了作者同样的好奇心和好奇心，它奖励了作者的创造力．
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章
C
You have probably read about robots replacing human labor as a new era of automation takes root in one industry after another. But a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs.
In New Zealand, farmers are using drones(无人机) to herd and monitor cows and sheep, taking up a position that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a century. The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated(盗用) one of the animal’s most powerful tools: barking. The DJI Mavic Enterprise, a $3,500 drone favored by farmers, has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loudspeaker, giving the machine the ability to act as the dogs.
Corey Lambeth, a shepherd on a farm, told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective. “That’s the one thing I’ve noticed when you’re moving cows that the old cows stand up to the dogs, but with the drones, they’ve never done that,” he said, noting the drones move cows faster, with less stress, than the dogs do.
The drones come in handy for more than just herding(放牧) cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals’ health without disturbing them. Jason Rentoul told RNZ that a two-hour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone. “Being a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done on foot, the drones really saved a lot of man hours,” he said.
For now, farmers say, there is still a need for herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer life span than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge.
28. What is the main advantage of the drones over herding dogs?
A. The drones can take up a job that the dogs hardly do well any longer.
B. The drones can frighten the old cows which are not afraid of the dogs.
C. The drones can finish a herding job more efficiently than the dogs.
D. The drones can work on a hilly farm and extreme weather while the dogs can’t.
29. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Herding dogs will gradually lose their position on the farmland.
B. The drones can only copy the dogs' barking with the current technology.
C. The drones are multi-functional and leave the animals undisturbed.
D. The market for the DJI Mavic Enterprise is pretty small because of its high price.
30. According to the passage, why can’t the drones replace the dogs entirely?
A. Because the drones can't bark as loudly as the dogs do.
B. Because cows are not used to seeing the drones.
C. Because the drones are much more expensive than the animal.
D. Because the drones’ power is limited and they need charging from time to time.
31. What is the author’s attitude towards the drones in the passage?
A. supportive B. objective C. critical D. doubtful
28．C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段Corey Lambeth， a shepherd on a farm， told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective． 科里•兰贝思是一个农场的牧羊人，他告诉RNZ，这些机器的效率出奇的高．可知与牧羊犬相比，无人机的主要优势是无人机能比狗更有效地完成放牧任务；故选C．
29．C．推理判断题．根据文章第三段That's the one thing I've noticed when you're moving cows that the old cows stand up to the dogs， but with the drones， they've never done that，这是我在移动奶牛时注意到的一件事，那就是老奶牛站起来对抗狗，但是有了无人机，它们从来没有这么做过，可知无人机是多功能的，让动物不受干扰；故选C．
30．D．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段 For now， farmers say， there is still a need for herding dogs， primarily because they have a longer life span than drones， can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge．农民们说，目前仍然需要放牧狗，主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长，可以在恶劣天气下工作，不需要每隔几个小时就有一个电源插座来充电．可知无人机不能完全代替狗因为无人机的能量有限，它们需要不时充电；故选D．
31．B．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段 For now， farmers say， there is still a need for herding dogs， primarily because they have a longer life span than drones， can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge．农民们说，目前仍然需要放牧狗，主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长，可以在恶劣天气下工作，不需要每隔几个小时就有一个电源插座来充电．可知 作者对通道中无人驾驶飞机的态度是客观的；故选B
文章介绍随着无人驾驶飞机技术的发展，很多农民开始使用无人驾驶飞机，帮助他们饲养动物和种植庄稼．
考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断
D
Recently I rolled into a local restaurant to try an Impossible Burger, an all-plant patty(人造肉饼) invented by Impossible Foods. It’s well known for having an strangely chewy(有咀嚼感), even bloody, meat-like quality, a surprising verisimilitude(逼真) that has made it “perhaps the country’s most famous burger,” as New York magazine wrote. One bite into its wonderful, smoky taste and, damn, I was convinced.
This is good news, because the time has come to consume fake meat. In the fight against climate change, meat replacement is something we can try. A University of Oxford study recently found that, to keep global warming below 2 degrees this century, we need to be eating 75 percent less beef and 90 percent less pork.
However, diets are culturally enshrined, so changing them will be hard. It isn’t easy to replace 75 to 90 percent of beef and pork with fake meat. The first taste of an Impossible Burger—a moment when low expectations work a powerful magic in the product’s favor—is one thing. But how do you keep meat-eaters asking for more after their sixth, and their 26th？
To get to true mass adoption, fake meat will need to compete favorably with the real thing on multiple fronts. Impossible Foods’ goal is to drive the price of its product below that of Safeway’s 80/20 hamburger meat, at which point people will simply vote with their wallets. The new industry also wants to improve on animal flesh in various ways. Fake meat has an advantage over traditional meat because “you won’t need to refrigerate it” cofounder Niko Koffeman says. Plus, custom(定制的) production could improve choice. “You could have very soft and tender meat for elderly people,” Koffeman adds. “You could have a tailored meat for whatever you need.”
You can tell the world is shifting this way, because the ranchers(牧场主) are nervous. Last year, the US Cattlemen’s Association asked the government to define “meat” as a product “coming directly from animals.” That anxiety—and the power of the science driving it—goes to show that this grand shift isn’t impossible.
32. According to passage, the author was convinced by the Impossible Burger because__.
A. it has a special taste that is different from normal ones.
B. it contains all non-meat materials that taste like meat.
C. more vegetables are used as main materials for the burger.
D. one bite of this burger can provide people with the energy needed for a whole day.
33. What does the author mean by saying "Diets are culturally enshrined"?
A. That people think their diet is the best in the world.
B. That people are unwilling to go against their culture by changing their diets.
C. That people's preference for food is linked to the food choice available to them.
D. That people's eating habits are consistently observed and closely connected with
their culture.
34. Which of the following statements is true about the advantages that fake meat will
have to beat over traditional meat?
A. Fake meat will not be necessarily stored in a refrigerator.
B. The price of fake meat will be just one-fourth of traditional meat's.
C. Fake meat will win over older people thanks to its tender and soft taste.
D. Fake meat will own a taste that is not found in traditional meat.
35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Meat must come from animals.
B. The world will probably embrace the idea of fake meat.
C. The ranchers are suffering economic loss due to fake meat.
D. The definition of meat has been changed because of fake meat.
33．B．细节理解题．根据第一段 One bite into its gorgeous， smoky flavor， and I was convinced．可知，作者被Impossible Burger所信服，因为它不含肉，但味道像肉．故选B．
34．D．句意理解题．根据第三段
However， diets are culturally enshrined， so changing them will be hard．然而，饮食文化是神圣的，所以改变他们将是困难的．可知人们的饮食习惯一直被观察到，并与他们的文化密切相关．故选D．
35．A．细节理解题．根据倒数第三段 Fake meat will outcompete traditional meat because "you won't need to refrigerate it if you're making it as you go，" co-founder Niko Koffeman says．假冒的肉类将胜过传统的肉类，因为"如果你按照自己的方式制作它，就不需要冷藏它"，联合创始人Niko Koffeman说．可知，假肉比传统肉更有优势，因为假肉不一定存放在冰箱里．故选A．
4．B．细节理解题．根据最后一段 That anxiety， which is no doubt caused by science， goes to show that this grand shift isn't impossible．毫无疑问，这种由科学引起的焦虑表明，这种重大转变并非不可能．可知，世界可能会接受假肉的想法．故选B．
本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了肉类替代品的发展，假肉可能会替代真肉．
考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom. 36 You will experience culture shock. Evidently, at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur.
The first stage is called "the honeymoon". In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. 37
Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the "hostility stage". 38 You become tired of many things about the new culture. Moreover, people don't treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired.
Then you come to the third stage called "recovery". You start feeling more positive, and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don't understand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable. 39
The last stage of culture shock is called "adjustment". 40 The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture.
A. Actually, culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country.
B. You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to
understand the new culture.
C. You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you.
D. You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages.
E. In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will
encounter.
F. However, when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully
enjoy it.
G.You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was.
ECGDB
1．E．文章衔接题．根据后文You will experience culture shock． Evidently， at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur．可知你会经历文化冲击．显然，文化冲击调整至少有四个基本阶段．E项：In spite of these advantages， however， there are also some challenges you will encounter．然而，尽管有这些优势，你也会遇到一些挑战．符合文意，故选E．
2．C．语境辨析题．根据前文In this stage， you feel excitement about living in a different place， and everything seems to be marvelous．可知在这个阶段，你会对生活在一个不同的地方感到兴奋，一切似乎都很奇妙．C项：You like everything， and everybody seems to be so nice to you．你喜欢一切，每个人似乎都对你很好．符合语境，故选C．
3．G．理解判断题．根据后文You become tired of many things about the new culture．可知你会对新文化的很多东西感到厌倦．G项：You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was．你开始注意到，并不是所有的事情都像你最初认为的那样好．符合文意，故选G．
4．D．联系上文题．根据前文The whole situation starts to become more favorable． 可知整个形势开始好转．D项：You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages．你会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来．符合文意，故选D．
5．B．逻辑推理题．根据前文The last stage of culture shock is called "adjustment"． 可知文化冲击的最后一个阶段叫做"调整"．B项：You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture．你已经达到了一个感觉良好的阶段，因为你已经学到了足够多的东西来理解新的文化．符合文意，故选B．
本文是一篇选句填空阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在不同的国家学习是一个新的体验，但也要注意文化冲击．
本文是一篇选句填空阅读，题目主要考查上下文内容联系以及文章内容理解．做题时学生应仔细阅读原文，把握文章主要内容，联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义，从中选出正确答案，一定要做到有理有据，切忌胡乱猜测．
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For centuries, Beijing has been one of China's most important cities. 41 a place for emperors and officials, today it is an international city and a popular tourist
42 . People from all over the country are moving to Beijing to 43 jobs and opportunities as this exciting city is a place where dreams can come true. Throughout the city, 44 dressed business people 45 for their offices, mobile phones held to their ears and visitors can only watch and imagine the deals and 46 being made at that very second.
Beijing's streets provide a fascinating 47 of the past and the present. In tea houses, groups of old men play chess 48 the Macdonald's next door is filled with laughing teenagers sipping milkshakes. Walking through the broad streets 49 with designer stores and multi-storey skyscrapers, you can 50 a turn and suddenly find yourself in a century’s old 51 where a fruit seller chats happily to an old woman sitting in the sun. Many of the road signs and advertising billboards are now in 52 , making Beijing more 53 to foreigners. Public transport is efficient, new businesses are 54 , and every modern convenience and international brand is 55 in this booming global city.
Beijing has some of China's most stunning 56 . Visitors often come to Beijing with the single 57 to see the Great Wall, one of the ancient wonders of the world, but once they’ve arrived, they realize that this is only one of the city's 58 . In fact, what visitors ever seem to only 59 about Beijing, is that they simply 60 time before seeing it all.
41. A. Separately B. Importantly C. Originally D. Specially
42. A. place B. destination C. scenery D. feast
43. A. search for B. look into C. race with D. struggle against
44. A. casually B. seriously C. smartly D. traditionally
45. A. call B. work C. advertise D. head
46. A. benefits B. fortunes C. calls D. appointments
47. A. development B. description C. introduction D. mix
48. A. while B. when C. as D. although
49. A. filled B. accompanied C. lined D. equipped
50. A. take B. cross C. find D. face
51. A. shop B. square C. house D. lane
52. A. English B. Chinese C. sight D. order
53. A. attractive B. impressive C. unforgettable D. accessible
54. A. changing B. growing C. trading D. declining
55. A. affordable B. beneficial C. available D. significant
56. A. sights B. traditions C. events D. records
57. A. advantage B. desire C. benefit D. routine
58. A. descriptions B. attractions C. possessions D. marks
59. A. enjoy B. travel C. complain D. praise
60. A. take up B. get rid of C. make use of D. run out of
CBACD BDACA DADBC ABBCD
1．C． 考查副词辨析．Separately单独；B．Importantly重要的是；C．Originally 最初；D．Specially特别地；原来是皇帝和官员的地方，今天它是一个国际城市和一个受欢迎的旅游目的地．故选C
2．B． 考查名词辨析．place地点；B．destination目的地；C． scenery 风景；D． feast 盛宴；原来是皇帝和官员的地方，今天它是一个国际城市和一个受欢迎的旅游目的地．故选B
3．A． 考查短语辨析． search for寻找；B． look into 调查；C．race with与…赛跑；D．struggle against抗争；来自全国各地的人们正搬到北京寻找工作和机会，因为这个令人兴奋的城市是一个梦想可以实现的地方．故选A
4．C． 考查副词辨析．casually随便；B．seriously 严肃的；C． smartly聪明地；D．traditionally传统上；在整个城市，穿着漂亮的商务人士去他们的办公室，故选C
5．D． 考查动词辨析．A． call呼叫；B． work 工作；C．advertise 宣传；D． head朝着；在整个城市，穿着漂亮的商务人士去他们的办公室，故选D
6．B． 考查名词辨析．A． benefits好处；B． fortunes 命运；C． calls 电话；D．appointments 约会；手机留在他们的耳朵和游客只能看到和想象在那一秒的交易和命运； 故选B
7．D． 考查名词辨析．A．development发展；B．description说明；C．introduction导言；D． mix 混合；北京的街道提供了一个迷人的过去和现在的混合．故选D
8．A． 考查连词辨析．在茶馆里，一群老人在下棋，而麦克唐纳的隔壁到处都是爱笑的青少年在喝奶昔．故选A
9．C． 考查动词辨析．A． filled填充；B．accompanied 陪伴；C． lined 内衬；D．equipped装备；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天．故选C
10．A． 考查动词辨析． take带走；B． cross 十字架；C． find查找；D． face 脸；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天．故选A
11．D． 考查名词辨析．A． shop商店；B． square 广场；C． house 房子；D． lane 车道；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天．故选D
12．A． 考查名词辨析．A． English英语、B． Chinese 中文、C． sight视线、D． order 命令；现在许多路标和广告牌都是用英文制作的，让外国人更容易接触北京．故选A
13．D． 考查形容词辨析．A． attractive吸引人；B． impressive 令人印象深刻；C．unforgettable 难忘的；D．accessible可接受的；现在许多路标和广告牌都是用英文制作的，让外国人更容易接触北京．故选D
14．B． 考查动词辨析．A． changing改变；B． growing 成长；C trading交易；D．declining 衰落的；公共交通是高效的，新的企业正在增长，在这个蓬勃发展的全球城市，每一个现代化的便利设施和国际品牌都是可用的．故选B
15．C． 考查形容词辨析．A．affordable负担得起；B． beneficial有益的；C．available可用的；D．significant 重要的；公共交通是高效的，新的企业正在增长，在这个蓬勃发展的全球城市，每一个现代化的便利设施和国际品牌都是可用的．故选C
16．A． 考查名词辨析．sights景点；B． traditions 传统；C． events事件；D． records记录；北京有一些中国最令人惊叹的景点．故选A
17．B． 考查名词辨析．A． advantage优势；B． desire 欲望；C． benefit 利益；D． routine路线；游客来北京往往只想看长城，故选B
18．B． 考查名词辨析．descriptions说明；B．attractions 景点；C．possessions财产；D． marks 标记；但一旦他们到了，他们就会意识到这只是这个城市的景点之一．故选B
19．C． 考查动词辨析． enjoy享受；B． travel旅行；C． complain抱怨；D． praise 赞扬；事实上，游客们似乎只会抱怨北京，他们只是在看到这一切之前就已经没有时间了．故选C
20．D． 考查短语辨析． take up拿起；B． get rid of摆脱；C．make use of 利用；D．run out of用完；事实上，游客们似乎只会抱怨北京，他们只是在看到这一切之前就已经没有时间了．故选D
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了北京一直是中国最重要的城市之一，也是著名的旅游城市．
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In modern India, polluting sectors continue to be important pillars of the economy. Many argue that any attempt to get rid of coal would result 61 a widespread loss of jobs. 62 (similar), much of India's commercial transport is run on diesel(柴油). The idea of replacing diesel trucks and cars with cleaner electric powered vehicles
63 (consider) too expensive. As the change from coal to natural gas would increase their operating 64 (cost), business owners fear becoming less 65 (compete) in an increasingly global market.
One of the 66 (large) contributors to air pollution in India, especially in the north of the country, is the agricultural sector. Every year, between October and November, thousands of farmers burn harvest residue(剩余物) as 67 prepare fields for the new crop. The practice, 68 (know) as stubble burning, leads to a smoky haze(雾霾) forming in much of northern India.
The government 69 (try) to encourage the use of green technology, such as so-called "Happy Seeder" machines 70 can sow seeds without having to remove the agricultural residue. However, this has proven to be expensive.
61． in． 考查介词，result in：导致，故填in．
62． Similarly．考查副词，修饰整句话，相似的是，故填Similarly．
63． is considered． 考查被动，主语是idea，结合上下文使用一般现在时，被认为，故填is considered．
64． costs． 考查名词，增加运营成本，根据their可知使用复数，故填costs．
65． competitive． 考查形容词，没那么有竞争力，形容词的比较级形式，故填competitive．
66．largest． 考查最高级，空气污染最大的元凶之一，故填最高级largest．
67． they． 考查代词，they指代前面的farmers， 故填they．
68． known． 考查非谓语，be known as：作为…被熟知，以…著称，故填known．
69． has tried． 考查时态，已经尝试过，使用现在完成时，主语是单数名词，故填has tried．
70． that/which．考查连词，先行词是machines，在定语从句中做主语，使用关系代词which或者that．
文章讲述了印度的污染治理中出现的一系列问题，如成本太高等，导致其难以实行．
语法填空旨在考查学生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力．从总体上来说对学生的要求还是提高了，学生必须对整个语篇有总体的把握，然后根据上下文的逻辑关系进行分析的基础上确定每个空要填的是什么，解题时既需要有充足的词汇量，又需要对语法知识有比较明晰的理解和掌握，可以说综合性更强一些，更需要学生有合适的答题技巧．
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从笫11处起)不计分。
My experience with a foreign language begins in junior middle school. I had a kind and patient English teacher which often praised all the students. Because his positive method, I eager answered all the questions I could, never worrying much about make mistakes. However, my experience in senior school was very difference from before. When my former teacher had been patient with all the student, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. As a result, not only did he lose my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in the English.
答案：
My experience with a foreign language begins in junior middle school． I had a kind and patient English teacher which often praised all the students． Because∧ his positive method， I eager answered all the questions I could， never worrying much about make mistakes． However， my experience in senior school was very difference from before． When my former teacher had been patient with all the student， my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers． As a result， not only did he lose my joy in answering questions， but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in the English．
解析：
1．begins→ began．考查动词的时态．本句时间状语是in junior middle school，讲述的是作者在初中时的经历，谓语动词用一般过去时．故将begins改为began．
2．which→ who．考查定语从句的引导词．teacher作先行词，引导词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who．故将which改为who．
3．because后面加of．考查介词短语．because是连接词，引导原因状语从句，此处后面接名词，应用介词短语because of．故在because后面加of．
4．eager→ eagerly．考查副词的用法．eager（热切的、渴望的）是形容词，用来修饰名词；此处作状语修饰动词answered，应该用副词eagerly．故将eager改为eagerly．
5．make→ making．考查动词的形式．介词about后面接动词的ing形式，故将make改为making．
6．difference→ different．考查形容词的用法．difference（区别、不同）是名词，此处在句子中作表语，前面又有副词very修饰，应用形容词different．be different from和……不同．故将difference改为different．
7．When→ while．考查连接词的用法．句意：以前，老师对所有的学生都很耐心，而新老师则总是惩罚答错的学生．本句表达"对比、对照"，when引导时间状语从句，不含有对比的意思，应改为While．故将When改为While．
8．student→ students．考查名词的数．all修饰可数名词的复数形式，故将student改为students．
9．he→ I．考查代词的用法．此处对应上文I eagerly answered all the questions I could，指的应该是"我"失去了回答问题的乐趣．故将he改为I．
10．去掉the．考查冠词的用法．in English用英语、用英语说、用英语表达，表达语言的名词前不需要加冠词．故去掉the．
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你要完成一项关于中美学生寒假生活的调查，请给你的美国笔友Peter写一封信，交流相关信息。要点如下：
1.写信的原因；
2.介绍中国学生的寒假生活：时长约20天；过春节等
3.询问美国学生的寒假生活。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Peter，
How is everything？（表示问候）
I'm doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．【高分句型一】（写信的原因） In China， the winter vacation is usually about twenty days long． It falls during the Chinese New Year， so most students take part in different Spring Festival activities， such as visiting family， eating lots of foods， and most importantly， getting lucky money! During the holiday many students will also go travelling with their parents． Unfortunately they can't travel for long because Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break． 【高分句型二】Many must even attend special holiday classes．（介绍中国学生的寒假生活）
What about in the USA？ How do the students spend the winter holidays there？ I'm looking forward to your reply．（询问美国学生的寒假生活）
Yours，
Li Hua
高分句型
1．I'm doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．
句子里，how 引导宾语从句America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．
我在做一个关于美国和中国学生如何度过寒假的项目．
2．Unfortunately they can't travel for long because Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break．
句子里，because 引导原因状语从句Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break．
不幸的是，他们不能长时间旅行，因为中国学生在这段时间总是有很多家庭作业要做．
审题是否清楚是一篇书面表达成功与否的关键所在，在整个写作过程中起着决定性作用．审好题会让我们做到"磨刀不误砍柴工"，审题时要做到以下几点：
（1）审要求：书面表达试题一般都由"情景"和"要求"两部分构成．"情景"中包括所写材料的目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等，一般在书面表达题的前半部分；而"要求"一般在书面表达的后半部分，以"注意"形式给出，实际上是对考生提出的要求．因而考生对于题目所提供的说明，应认真分析、反复推敲，搞清提出的内容要求，抓住所要表达的信息点． （2）审文体：高考书面表达的体裁一般有三大类：记叙文、说明文和应用文，具体形式有便条，日记，通知，书信，人物、事情、情景故事的描写，看图说话，缩写，扩写，改写等．审题时要审清文体，注意格式上的不同，避免出错．
（3）审人称：审查书面表达题干中隐含的读者对象和撰写人，即搞清楚此篇文章是"由谁写给谁"的．写稿人是谁一般都已明确指出，给出形式假设环境中的"某人"，如"假设你是李华"，写作时即用第一人称"我"，即李华．而读者对象有时没有明示，要考生自己去进行判断．
（4）审时态：根据情景判断短文需要的主体时态，即搞清楚要写的是什么时候的事，过去的就用过去时．比如日记，是叙述过去发生的事情，自然用过去时；通知多用将来时．
肇庆市2020届高中毕业班第二次统一检测
英 语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。因测试不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Attractive lakeside cottages and cabins
Lafitte’s Landing Guest Quarters, Uncertain, Texas
There are five cottages featuring high ceilings and spacious bedrooms. Lafitte’s is a certified Backyard Wildlife Habitat, so you don’t have to go far for bird-watching. Explore the lake on a steamboat, or head to Caddo Lake State Park for night adventures such as Owl Nights and Bat Watches.
Rates: Summer nightly rates range from $559 to $1, 899
Lake Placid Lodge, Lake Placid, New York
With 17 cabins sitting along the shores of Lake Placid, the arts-and-crafts-style Lake Placid Lodge offers an exciting summer lake experience. Lakefront cabins come outfitted with hand-built beds and stone fireplaces. Go for a hike, or hit the lake for swimming, fishing, or boating.
Rates: Rates are $120 per night for double occupancy; each additional person is $20 per night.
Lake Crescent Lodge, Olympic National Park, Washington
Its cottages and cabins are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Choose between one-and two-bedroom Singer Tavern Cottages, or stay in the always favored (and often booked) Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins. Spend your days hiking in the surrounding Olympic National Park, or exploring Lake Crescent by boat.
Rates: Nightly rates for cottages and cabins range between $317 and $398.
Tamarack Lodge Resort, Mammoth Lakes, California
It is on the peaceful shores of the Twin Lakes. Choose between recently built Deluxe Cabins and old wood-and-stone cabins. Swimming, fishing, boating, biking, and hiking are popular pastimes.
Rates: Summer cabin rates range from $369 to $999 per night.
21. Where can you observe bats at night?
A. At Caddo Lake State Park B. At Lake Placid
C. At Olympic National Park D. At the Twin Lakes
22. If three people share one room in Lake Placid Lodge, how much will they pay?
A. $60 B. $120 C. $140 D. $360
23. Which of the following is difficult to reserve?
A. Cottages at Lafitte’s Landing Guest Quarters
B. Cabins at Lake Placid Lodge
C. Deluxe Cabins
D. Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins
【解析】
21．A．细节理解题．根据文章Lafitte's Landing Guest Quarters介绍部分， Explore the lake on a steamboat， or head to Caddo Lake State Park for night adventures such as Owl Nights and Bat Watches．乘坐蒸汽船探索湖面，或前往卡多湖州立公园进行夜游，可以看到猫头鹰和大量的蝙蝠，结合选项，故选A．
22．C．细节理解题．根据Lake Placid Lodge介绍部分：Rates： Rates are ﹩120 per night for double occupancy； each additional person is ﹩20 per night 价格：双人房每晚120英镑，每多一个人，则加收20英镑．可知，三个人住一个房间的话，收费应该是140英镑，结合选项，故选C．
23．D．推理判断题．根据文章Lake Crescent Lodge介绍部分：Choose between one-and two-bedroom Singer Tavern Cottages， or stay in the always favored （and often booked） Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins．在一居室和两居室的歌手酒馆小屋之间选择，或者住在一向受欢迎（而且经常预订）的罗斯福壁炉小屋．可知，最受欢迎的，也是比较难定到的就是Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins，结合选项，故选D．
本文章主要讲述了几个适合游玩的迷人的湖边小屋，并对每个景点的特点进行了描述．
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
B
Growing up, I thought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas(公式) and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. One of my teachers told my mother that I was “slow”. But my problem wasn't with math itself. In fact, when a topic seemed particularly interesting, I would go to the library and read more about it.
By high school, no one told me that I could become a professional mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.
The chances of that happening were very low. But that didn’t stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it. They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country. In the end, a Big Ten school, Penn State, did offer me a scholarship.
I wish math teachers were more like football coaches. Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan. They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback(反馈).
Until I got to college, I didn't really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as laborious(耗时费力的) calculations. Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem. It wasn't easy, but it was fascinating. My professor kept giving me problems, and I kept pursuing them, even though I couldn’t always solve them immediately. The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. Instead, it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy. It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity. I am now a Ph. D candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
24. Why did the writer think math class in school was “something to be endured” before
entering college?
A. Because he wasn’t interested in math.
B. Because his math teachers didn't care to push him.
C. Because he was too smart and talented for math class.
D. Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship.
25. According to the writer, students are affected by the following things from teachers or coaches EXCEPT ________.
A. a sense of purpose B. constant feedback C. passion D. specific instructions
26. We can conclude that after entering college, the writer ________.
A. was busy looking for math problems to solve
B. studied on his own just as he was in high school
C. met with laborious calculations in his studies
D. began to realize what mathematics really is
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. Interest is the best teacher
B. Be the best—you can make it
C. Math, taught like football
D. Once your teacher, always your teacher
24． B 细节理解题．根据第一段"Growing up， I thought math class was something to be endured， not enjoyed． I disliked memorizing formulas（公式） and taking tests， all for the dull goal of getting a good grade． One of my teachers told my mother that I was "slow"．在我的成长过程中，我认为数学课是值得忍受的，而不是享受的．我不喜欢背诵公式和参加考试，所有这些都是为了获得一个好成绩的枯燥目标．我的一位老师告诉我妈妈我"慢"．"可知数学老师觉得他"slow"应该是没有逼他学数学，所以作者认为数学课是值得忍受的．故选B．
25． A 细节理解题．根据第四段"
I wish math teachers were more like football coaches． Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan． They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers， and they seek a sense of purpose． They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback（反馈）．我希望数学老师更像足球教练．学生不仅会受到教案质量的影响．他们还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出反应，并寻求目标感．他们会从具体的指导和不断的反馈中受益．"可知他们从老师的热情，具体的指导和不断的反馈中受益．而目标感是学生自己的．故选A．
26． D 细节理解题．根据第五段"Until I got to college， I didn't really know what mathematics was．直到我上了大学，我才真正知道数学是什么．"可知作者进入大学才开始意识到数学到底是什么．故选D．
27． C 文章标题题．阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了作者大学以前不喜欢数学，老师也没有逼他．我希望数学老师更像足球教练．学生不仅会受到教案质量的影响．他们还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出反应，并寻求目标感．到了大学后，才真正知道数学是什么．它更接近于我小时候独自做的数学和逻辑难题．它给了我同样的好奇心和好奇心，它奖励了我的创造力．所以"Math， taught like football"做题目最合适．故选C．
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者大学以前不喜欢数学，老师也没有逼他．作者希望数学老师更像足球教练．学生不仅会受到教案质量的影响．他们还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出反应，并寻求目标感．到了大学后，才真正知道数学是什么．它更接近于作者小时候独自做的数学和逻辑难题．它给了作者同样的好奇心和好奇心，它奖励了作者的创造力．
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章
C
You have probably read about robots replacing human labor as a new era of automation takes root in one industry after another. But a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs.
In New Zealand, farmers are using drones(无人机) to herd and monitor cows and sheep, taking up a position that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a century. The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated(盗用) one of the animal’s most powerful tools: barking. The DJI Mavic Enterprise, a $3,500 drone favored by farmers, has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a loudspeaker, giving the machine the ability to act as the dogs.
Corey Lambeth, a shepherd on a farm, told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective. “That’s the one thing I’ve noticed when you’re moving cows that the old cows stand up to the dogs, but with the drones, they’ve never done that,” he said, noting the drones move cows faster, with less stress, than the dogs do.
The drones come in handy for more than just herding(放牧) cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals’ health without disturbing them. Jason Rentoul told RNZ that a two-hour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone. “Being a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done on foot, the drones really saved a lot of man hours,” he said.
For now, farmers say, there is still a need for herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer life span than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge.
28. What is the main advantage of the drones over herding dogs?
A. The drones can take up a job that the dogs hardly do well any longer.
B. The drones can frighten the old cows which are not afraid of the dogs.
C. The drones can finish a herding job more efficiently than the dogs.
D. The drones can work on a hilly farm and extreme weather while the dogs can’t.
29. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Herding dogs will gradually lose their position on the farmland.
B. The drones can only copy the dogs' barking with the current technology.
C. The drones are multi-functional and leave the animals undisturbed.
D. The market for the DJI Mavic Enterprise is pretty small because of its high price.
30. According to the passage, why can’t the drones replace the dogs entirely?
A. Because the drones can't bark as loudly as the dogs do.
B. Because cows are not used to seeing the drones.
C. Because the drones are much more expensive than the animal.
D. Because the drones’ power is limited and they need charging from time to time.
31. What is the author’s attitude towards the drones in the passage?
A. supportive B. objective C. critical D. doubtful
28．C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段Corey Lambeth， a shepherd on a farm， told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective． 科里•兰贝思是一个农场的牧羊人，他告诉RNZ，这些机器的效率出奇的高．可知与牧羊犬相比，无人机的主要优势是无人机能比狗更有效地完成放牧任务；故选C．
29．C．推理判断题．根据文章第三段That's the one thing I've noticed when you're moving cows that the old cows stand up to the dogs， but with the drones， they've never done that，这是我在移动奶牛时注意到的一件事，那就是老奶牛站起来对抗狗，但是有了无人机，它们从来没有这么做过，可知无人机是多功能的，让动物不受干扰；故选C．
30．D．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段 For now， farmers say， there is still a need for herding dogs， primarily because they have a longer life span than drones， can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge．农民们说，目前仍然需要放牧狗，主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长，可以在恶劣天气下工作，不需要每隔几个小时就有一个电源插座来充电．可知无人机不能完全代替狗因为无人机的能量有限，它们需要不时充电；故选D．
31．B．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段 For now， farmers say， there is still a need for herding dogs， primarily because they have a longer life span than drones， can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge．农民们说，目前仍然需要放牧狗，主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长，可以在恶劣天气下工作，不需要每隔几个小时就有一个电源插座来充电．可知 作者对通道中无人驾驶飞机的态度是客观的；故选B
文章介绍随着无人驾驶飞机技术的发展，很多农民开始使用无人驾驶飞机，帮助他们饲养动物和种植庄稼．
考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断
D
Recently I rolled into a local restaurant to try an Impossible Burger, an all-plant patty(人造肉饼) invented by Impossible Foods. It’s well known for having an strangely chewy(有咀嚼感), even bloody, meat-like quality, a surprising verisimilitude(逼真) that has made it “perhaps the country’s most famous burger,” as New York magazine wrote. One bite into its wonderful, smoky taste and, damn, I was convinced.
This is good news, because the time has come to consume fake meat. In the fight against climate change, meat replacement is something we can try. A University of Oxford study recently found that, to keep global warming below 2 degrees this century, we need to be eating 75 percent less beef and 90 percent less pork.
However, diets are culturally enshrined, so changing them will be hard. It isn’t easy to replace 75 to 90 percent of beef and pork with fake meat. The first taste of an Impossible Burger—a moment when low expectations work a powerful magic in the product’s favor—is one thing. But how do you keep meat-eaters asking for more after their sixth, and their 26th？
To get to true mass adoption, fake meat will need to compete favorably with the real thing on multiple fronts. Impossible Foods’ goal is to drive the price of its product below that of Safeway’s 80/20 hamburger meat, at which point people will simply vote with their wallets. The new industry also wants to improve on animal flesh in various ways. Fake meat has an advantage over traditional meat because “you won’t need to refrigerate it” cofounder Niko Koffeman says. Plus, custom(定制的) production could improve choice. “You could have very soft and tender meat for elderly people,” Koffeman adds. “You could have a tailored meat for whatever you need.”
You can tell the world is shifting this way, because the ranchers(牧场主) are nervous. Last year, the US Cattlemen’s Association asked the government to define “meat” as a product “coming directly from animals.” That anxiety—and the power of the science driving it—goes to show that this grand shift isn’t impossible.
32. According to passage, the author was convinced by the Impossible Burger because__.
A. it has a special taste that is different from normal ones.
B. it contains all non-meat materials that taste like meat.
C. more vegetables are used as main materials for the burger.
D. one bite of this burger can provide people with the energy needed for a whole day.
33. What does the author mean by saying "Diets are culturally enshrined"?
A. That people think their diet is the best in the world.
B. That people are unwilling to go against their culture by changing their diets.
C. That people's preference for food is linked to the food choice available to them.
D. That people's eating habits are consistently observed and closely connected with
their culture.
34. Which of the following statements is true about the advantages that fake meat will
have to beat over traditional meat?
A. Fake meat will not be necessarily stored in a refrigerator.
B. The price of fake meat will be just one-fourth of traditional meat's.
C. Fake meat will win over older people thanks to its tender and soft taste.
D. Fake meat will own a taste that is not found in traditional meat.
35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Meat must come from animals.
B. The world will probably embrace the idea of fake meat.
C. The ranchers are suffering economic loss due to fake meat.
D. The definition of meat has been changed because of fake meat.
33．B．细节理解题．根据第一段 One bite into its gorgeous， smoky flavor， and I was convinced．可知，作者被Impossible Burger所信服，因为它不含肉，但味道像肉．故选B．
34．D．句意理解题．根据第三段
However， diets are culturally enshrined， so changing them will be hard．然而，饮食文化是神圣的，所以改变他们将是困难的．可知人们的饮食习惯一直被观察到，并与他们的文化密切相关．故选D．
35．A．细节理解题．根据倒数第三段 Fake meat will outcompete traditional meat because "you won't need to refrigerate it if you're making it as you go，" co-founder Niko Koffeman says．假冒的肉类将胜过传统的肉类，因为"如果你按照自己的方式制作它，就不需要冷藏它"，联合创始人Niko Koffeman说．可知，假肉比传统肉更有优势，因为假肉不一定存放在冰箱里．故选A．
4．B．细节理解题．根据最后一段 That anxiety， which is no doubt caused by science， goes to show that this grand shift isn't impossible．毫无疑问，这种由科学引起的焦虑表明，这种重大转变并非不可能．可知，世界可能会接受假肉的想法．故选B．
本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了肉类替代品的发展，假肉可能会替代真肉．
考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的的能力，在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．此类的填空题一定要联系上下文，根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解，再作出正确的判断
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom. 36 You will experience culture shock. Evidently, at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur.
The first stage is called "the honeymoon". In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. 37
Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the "hostility stage". 38 You become tired of many things about the new culture. Moreover, people don't treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired.
Then you come to the third stage called "recovery". You start feeling more positive, and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don't understand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable. 39
The last stage of culture shock is called "adjustment". 40 The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture.
A. Actually, culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country.
B. You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to
understand the new culture.
C. You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you.
D. You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages.
E. In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will
encounter.
F. However, when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully
enjoy it.
G.You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was.
ECGDB
1．E．文章衔接题．根据后文You will experience culture shock． Evidently， at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur．可知你会经历文化冲击．显然，文化冲击调整至少有四个基本阶段．E项：In spite of these advantages， however， there are also some challenges you will encounter．然而，尽管有这些优势，你也会遇到一些挑战．符合文意，故选E．
2．C．语境辨析题．根据前文In this stage， you feel excitement about living in a different place， and everything seems to be marvelous．可知在这个阶段，你会对生活在一个不同的地方感到兴奋，一切似乎都很奇妙．C项：You like everything， and everybody seems to be so nice to you．你喜欢一切，每个人似乎都对你很好．符合语境，故选C．
3．G．理解判断题．根据后文You become tired of many things about the new culture．可知你会对新文化的很多东西感到厌倦．G项：You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was．你开始注意到，并不是所有的事情都像你最初认为的那样好．符合文意，故选G．
4．D．联系上文题．根据前文The whole situation starts to become more favorable． 可知整个形势开始好转．D项：You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages．你会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来．符合文意，故选D．
5．B．逻辑推理题．根据前文The last stage of culture shock is called "adjustment"． 可知文化冲击的最后一个阶段叫做"调整"．B项：You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture．你已经达到了一个感觉良好的阶段，因为你已经学到了足够多的东西来理解新的文化．符合文意，故选B．
本文是一篇选句填空阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在不同的国家学习是一个新的体验，但也要注意文化冲击．
本文是一篇选句填空阅读，题目主要考查上下文内容联系以及文章内容理解．做题时学生应仔细阅读原文，把握文章主要内容，联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义，从中选出正确答案，一定要做到有理有据，切忌胡乱猜测．
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For centuries, Beijing has been one of China's most important cities. 41 a place for emperors and officials, today it is an international city and a popular tourist
42 . People from all over the country are moving to Beijing to 43 jobs and opportunities as this exciting city is a place where dreams can come true. Throughout the city, 44 dressed business people 45 for their offices, mobile phones held to their ears and visitors can only watch and imagine the deals and 46 being made at that very second.
Beijing's streets provide a fascinating 47 of the past and the present. In tea houses, groups of old men play chess 48 the Macdonald's next door is filled with laughing teenagers sipping milkshakes. Walking through the broad streets 49 with designer stores and multi-storey skyscrapers, you can 50 a turn and suddenly find yourself in a century’s old 51 where a fruit seller chats happily to an old woman sitting in the sun. Many of the road signs and advertising billboards are now in 52 , making Beijing more 53 to foreigners. Public transport is efficient, new businesses are 54 , and every modern convenience and international brand is 55 in this booming global city.
Beijing has some of China's most stunning 56 . Visitors often come to Beijing with the single 57 to see the Great Wall, one of the ancient wonders of the world, but once they’ve arrived, they realize that this is only one of the city's 58 . In fact, what visitors ever seem to only 59 about Beijing, is that they simply 60 time before seeing it all.
41. A. Separately B. Importantly C. Originally D. Specially
42. A. place B. destination C. scenery D. feast
43. A. search for B. look into C. race with D. struggle against
44. A. casually B. seriously C. smartly D. traditionally
45. A. call B. work C. advertise D. head
46. A. benefits B. fortunes C. calls D. appointments
47. A. development B. description C. introduction D. mix
48. A. while B. when C. as D. although
49. A. filled B. accompanied C. lined D. equipped
50. A. take B. cross C. find D. face
51. A. shop B. square C. house D. lane
52. A. English B. Chinese C. sight D. order
53. A. attractive B. impressive C. unforgettable D. accessible
54. A. changing B. growing C. trading D. declining
55. A. affordable B. beneficial C. available D. significant
56. A. sights B. traditions C. events D. records
57. A. advantage B. desire C. benefit D. routine
58. A. descriptions B. attractions C. possessions D. marks
59. A. enjoy B. travel C. complain D. praise
60. A. take up B. get rid of C. make use of D. run out of
CBACD BDACA DADBC ABBCD
1．C． 考查副词辨析．Separately单独；B．Importantly重要的是；C．Originally 最初；D．Specially特别地；原来是皇帝和官员的地方，今天它是一个国际城市和一个受欢迎的旅游目的地．故选C
2．B． 考查名词辨析．place地点；B．destination目的地；C． scenery 风景；D． feast 盛宴；原来是皇帝和官员的地方，今天它是一个国际城市和一个受欢迎的旅游目的地．故选B
3．A． 考查短语辨析． search for寻找；B． look into 调查；C．race with与…赛跑；D．struggle against抗争；来自全国各地的人们正搬到北京寻找工作和机会，因为这个令人兴奋的城市是一个梦想可以实现的地方．故选A
4．C． 考查副词辨析．casually随便；B．seriously 严肃的；C． smartly聪明地；D．traditionally传统上；在整个城市，穿着漂亮的商务人士去他们的办公室，故选C
5．D． 考查动词辨析．A． call呼叫；B． work 工作；C．advertise 宣传；D． head朝着；在整个城市，穿着漂亮的商务人士去他们的办公室，故选D
6．B． 考查名词辨析．A． benefits好处；B． fortunes 命运；C． calls 电话；D．appointments 约会；手机留在他们的耳朵和游客只能看到和想象在那一秒的交易和命运； 故选B
7．D． 考查名词辨析．A．development发展；B．description说明；C．introduction导言；D． mix 混合；北京的街道提供了一个迷人的过去和现在的混合．故选D
8．A． 考查连词辨析．在茶馆里，一群老人在下棋，而麦克唐纳的隔壁到处都是爱笑的青少年在喝奶昔．故选A
9．C． 考查动词辨析．A． filled填充；B．accompanied 陪伴；C． lined 内衬；D．equipped装备；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天．故选C
10．A． 考查动词辨析． take带走；B． cross 十字架；C． find查找；D． face 脸；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天．故选A
11．D． 考查名词辨析．A． shop商店；B． square 广场；C． house 房子；D． lane 车道；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天．故选D
12．A． 考查名词辨析．A． English英语、B． Chinese 中文、C． sight视线、D． order 命令；现在许多路标和广告牌都是用英文制作的，让外国人更容易接触北京．故选A
13．D． 考查形容词辨析．A． attractive吸引人；B． impressive 令人印象深刻；C．unforgettable 难忘的；D．accessible可接受的；现在许多路标和广告牌都是用英文制作的，让外国人更容易接触北京．故选D
14．B． 考查动词辨析．A． changing改变；B． growing 成长；C trading交易；D．declining 衰落的；公共交通是高效的，新的企业正在增长，在这个蓬勃发展的全球城市，每一个现代化的便利设施和国际品牌都是可用的．故选B
15．C． 考查形容词辨析．A．affordable负担得起；B． beneficial有益的；C．available可用的；D．significant 重要的；公共交通是高效的，新的企业正在增长，在这个蓬勃发展的全球城市，每一个现代化的便利设施和国际品牌都是可用的．故选C
16．A． 考查名词辨析．sights景点；B． traditions 传统；C． events事件；D． records记录；北京有一些中国最令人惊叹的景点．故选A
17．B． 考查名词辨析．A． advantage优势；B． desire 欲望；C． benefit 利益；D． routine路线；游客来北京往往只想看长城，故选B
18．B． 考查名词辨析．descriptions说明；B．attractions 景点；C．possessions财产；D． marks 标记；但一旦他们到了，他们就会意识到这只是这个城市的景点之一．故选B
19．C． 考查动词辨析． enjoy享受；B． travel旅行；C． complain抱怨；D． praise 赞扬；事实上，游客们似乎只会抱怨北京，他们只是在看到这一切之前就已经没有时间了．故选C
20．D． 考查短语辨析． take up拿起；B． get rid of摆脱；C．make use of 利用；D．run out of用完；事实上，游客们似乎只会抱怨北京，他们只是在看到这一切之前就已经没有时间了．故选D
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了北京一直是中国最重要的城市之一，也是著名的旅游城市．
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In modern India, polluting sectors continue to be important pillars of the economy. Many argue that any attempt to get rid of coal would result 61 a widespread loss of jobs. 62 (similar), much of India's commercial transport is run on diesel(柴油). The idea of replacing diesel trucks and cars with cleaner electric powered vehicles
63 (consider) too expensive. As the change from coal to natural gas would increase their operating 64 (cost), business owners fear becoming less 65 (compete) in an increasingly global market.
One of the 66 (large) contributors to air pollution in India, especially in the north of the country, is the agricultural sector. Every year, between October and November, thousands of farmers burn harvest residue(剩余物) as 67 prepare fields for the new crop. The practice, 68 (know) as stubble burning, leads to a smoky haze(雾霾) forming in much of northern India.
The government 69 (try) to encourage the use of green technology, such as so-called "Happy Seeder" machines 70 can sow seeds without having to remove the agricultural residue. However, this has proven to be expensive.
61． in． 考查介词，result in：导致，故填in．
62． Similarly．考查副词，修饰整句话，相似的是，故填Similarly．
63． is considered． 考查被动，主语是idea，结合上下文使用一般现在时，被认为，故填is considered．
64． costs． 考查名词，增加运营成本，根据their可知使用复数，故填costs．
65． competitive． 考查形容词，没那么有竞争力，形容词的比较级形式，故填competitive．
66．largest． 考查最高级，空气污染最大的元凶之一，故填最高级largest．
67． they． 考查代词，they指代前面的farmers， 故填they．
68． known． 考查非谓语，be known as：作为…被熟知，以…著称，故填known．
69． has tried． 考查时态，已经尝试过，使用现在完成时，主语是单数名词，故填has tried．
70． that/which．考查连词，先行词是machines，在定语从句中做主语，使用关系代词which或者that．
文章讲述了印度的污染治理中出现的一系列问题，如成本太高等，导致其难以实行．
语法填空旨在考查学生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力．从总体上来说对学生的要求还是提高了，学生必须对整个语篇有总体的把握，然后根据上下文的逻辑关系进行分析的基础上确定每个空要填的是什么，解题时既需要有充足的词汇量，又需要对语法知识有比较明晰的理解和掌握，可以说综合性更强一些，更需要学生有合适的答题技巧．
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从笫11处起)不计分。
My experience with a foreign language begins in junior middle school. I had a kind and patient English teacher which often praised all the students. Because his positive method, I eager answered all the questions I could, never worrying much about make mistakes. However, my experience in senior school was very difference from before. When my former teacher had been patient with all the student, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. As a result, not only did he lose my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in the English.
答案：
My experience with a foreign language begins in junior middle school． I had a kind and patient English teacher which often praised all the students． Because∧ his positive method， I eager answered all the questions I could， never worrying much about make mistakes． However， my experience in senior school was very difference from before． When my former teacher had been patient with all the student， my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers． As a result， not only did he lose my joy in answering questions， but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in the English．
解析：
1．begins→ began．考查动词的时态．本句时间状语是in junior middle school，讲述的是作者在初中时的经历，谓语动词用一般过去时．故将begins改为began．
2．which→ who．考查定语从句的引导词．teacher作先行词，引导词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who．故将which改为who．
3．because后面加of．考查介词短语．because是连接词，引导原因状语从句，此处后面接名词，应用介词短语because of．故在because后面加of．
4．eager→ eagerly．考查副词的用法．eager（热切的、渴望的）是形容词，用来修饰名词；此处作状语修饰动词answered，应该用副词eagerly．故将eager改为eagerly．
5．make→ making．考查动词的形式．介词about后面接动词的ing形式，故将make改为making．
6．difference→ different．考查形容词的用法．difference（区别、不同）是名词，此处在句子中作表语，前面又有副词very修饰，应用形容词different．be different from和……不同．故将difference改为different．
7．When→ while．考查连接词的用法．句意：以前，老师对所有的学生都很耐心，而新老师则总是惩罚答错的学生．本句表达"对比、对照"，when引导时间状语从句，不含有对比的意思，应改为While．故将When改为While．
8．student→ students．考查名词的数．all修饰可数名词的复数形式，故将student改为students．
9．he→ I．考查代词的用法．此处对应上文I eagerly answered all the questions I could，指的应该是"我"失去了回答问题的乐趣．故将he改为I．
10．去掉the．考查冠词的用法．in English用英语、用英语说、用英语表达，表达语言的名词前不需要加冠词．故去掉the．
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你要完成一项关于中美学生寒假生活的调查，请给你的美国笔友Peter写一封信，交流相关信息。要点如下：
1.写信的原因；
2.介绍中国学生的寒假生活：时长约20天；过春节等
3.询问美国学生的寒假生活。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Peter，
How is everything？（表示问候）
I'm doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．【高分句型一】（写信的原因） In China， the winter vacation is usually about twenty days long． It falls during the Chinese New Year， so most students take part in different Spring Festival activities， such as visiting family， eating lots of foods， and most importantly， getting lucky money! During the holiday many students will also go travelling with their parents． Unfortunately they can't travel for long because Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break． 【高分句型二】Many must even attend special holiday classes．（介绍中国学生的寒假生活）
What about in the USA？ How do the students spend the winter holidays there？ I'm looking forward to your reply．（询问美国学生的寒假生活）
Yours，
Li Hua
高分句型
1．I'm doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．
句子里，how 引导宾语从句America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．
我在做一个关于美国和中国学生如何度过寒假的项目．
2．Unfortunately they can't travel for long because Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break．
句子里，because 引导原因状语从句Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break．
不幸的是，他们不能长时间旅行，因为中国学生在这段时间总是有很多家庭作业要做．
审题是否清楚是一篇书面表达成功与否的关键所在，在整个写作过程中起着决定性作用．审好题会让我们做到"磨刀不误砍柴工"，审题时要做到以下几点：
（1）审要求：书面表达试题一般都由"情景"和"要求"两部分构成．"情景"中包括所写材料的目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等，一般在书面表达题的前半部分；而"要求"一般在书面表达的后半部分，以"注意"形式给出，实际上是对考生提出的要求．因而考生对于题目所提供的说明，应认真分析、反复推敲，搞清提出的内容要求，抓住所要表达的信息点． （2）审文体：高考书面表达的体裁一般有三大类：记叙文、说明文和应用文，具体形式有便条，日记，通知，书信，人物、事情、情景故事的描写，看图说话，缩写，扩写，改写等．审题时要审清文体，注意格式上的不同，避免出错．
（3）审人称：审查书面表达题干中隐含的读者对象和撰写人，即搞清楚此篇文章是"由谁写给谁"的．写稿人是谁一般都已明确指出，给出形式假设环境中的"某人"，如"假设你是李华"，写作时即用第一人称"我"，即李华．而读者对象有时没有明示，要考生自己去进行判断．
（4）审时态：根据情景判断短文需要的主体时态，即搞清楚要写的是什么时候的事，过去的就用过去时．比如日记，是叙述过去发生的事情，自然用过去时；通知多用将来时．
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