广东省肇庆市2020届高三第一次统考英语试题


肇庆市2020届高中毕业班第一次统一检测
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己所在学校、姓名、试室号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上对应位置，将条形码粘贴在指定区域。因测试不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Our national park system invites visitors to choose their own adventures in the most beautiful spots in the U.S. Here’s our selection for the most exciting and unusual national park activities.
Rock-Climbing: Yosemite National Park
Yosemite National Park is a climber’s paradise. Since 1969, the Yosemite Mountaineering School and Guide Service has been training newbies and accompanying seasoned climbers on trips in the park’s many climbing areas.
Snorkeling: Virgin Islands National Park
You’ll want flippers, a mask and snorkel to explore the best trail in St. John because it’s actually underwater. The snorkeling trail at Trunk Bay is a 225-yard swim lined with signs describing the fish, coral and plants that live in the warm turquoise waters.
Orienteering: Prince William Forest Park
Set off on a modern-day treasure hunt at Prince William Forest Park. Leave the GPS system at home for an orienteering adventure using Just a map and compass to follow clues around one of the park’s 30 courses. You can choose to set your own pace, whether it’s a slowpoke family stroll while the kids master the compass or a competitive jaunt to race to the final clue.
Hiking: Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Hikers can set off on a great adventure on foot any time of year in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. With more than 800 miles of trails, there are plenty of options including scenic strolls through fields of wildflowers and strenuous climbs to the top of the park’s glorious waterfalls.
1. Which park may a diver favor?
A. Yosemite National Park.
B. Virgin Islands National Park.
C. Prince William Forest Park.
D. Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
2. What is a necessity for an orienteering adventure in Prince William Forest Park?
A. GPS system. B. Treasure.
C. Compass. D. Pacer.
3. What can visitors do if they go to Great Smoky Mountains National Park?
A. Enjoy beautiful scenery. B. See underwater creatures.
C. Play hunt game. D. Receive climbing training.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个美国国家公园，邀请游客在公园中选择适合自己的冒险活动，为游客带来激动人心和与众不同的体验。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。首先通过标题关键词Snorkeling（潜水），初步确定答案范围，然后根据第三段中的“You’ll want flippers, a mask and snorkel to explore the best trail in St. John because it’s actually underwater.”可知，因为圣约翰的最佳步道实际上是在水下，因此你需要脚蹼，面罩和通气管来探索它，这是潜水员进行潜水所需要的东西，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Leave the GPS system at home for an orienteering adventure using just a map and compass to follow clues around one of the park’s 30 courses.”可知，将GPS系统留在家中进行定向越野冒险，只需使用地图和指南针即可，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“With more than 800 miles of trails, there are plenty of options including scenic strolls through fields of wildflowers and strenuous climbs to the top of the park’s glorious waterfalls.”可知，Great Smoky Mountains National Park（大烟雾山国家公园）拥有800多英里的步道，在这里游客有多种选择，包括在野花中漫步和攀登至瀑布的顶部，因此游客可以欣赏到美丽的景色，故选A。
B
A group of schools in Minnesota recently made a big change. They took some famous books off their reading list. One book was Mark Twain’s “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.” The other was Harper Lee’s “To Kill a Mockingbird.” The schools in Minnesota decided that some words in the books were racist and can be hurtful to students.
This is a step in the right direction. But the harmful words in the stories are just the beginning. There are other reasons why these books should no longer be in classrooms.
Many people think the book, “To Kill a Mockingbird”, for example, one of the best books of all time. That is not true. In the book, there is a white lawyer named Atticus Finch. He defends Tom Robinson, a black man, in court. Tom exists only to be saved by Atticus. He does not make decisions for himself. He does not have a full life. He is in the story only to teach the white community about racism. The character is not complete and the white savior (救世主) idea shows poor writing skills.
Students do not learn as much from flat characters like Tom. They should read more authors of color. They should read stories where people of color are important. There are books about people of color that show joy and success. These books give students a fuller understanding of racism. Students of color must be able to see their real lives reflected in books so that they can change to become more accepting of others.
4. What caused the change in some schools’ reading list according to paragraph 1?
A. Efforts to lessen students study burden.
B. Intention to focus students’ attention on certain books.
C. Dissatisfaction with some writers’ choice of words.
D. Disrespect for some writers like Mark Twain.
5. According to the passage, “To Kill a Mockingbird” ________.
A is the best book of all time
B. depicts all characters in detail
C. shows preference for the white
D. advocates harmony between races
6. What do we know about books about people of color?
A. They may disappoint their readers.
B. They fail to show joy and success.
C. They get in the way of readers’ understanding of racism.
D. They encourage readers’ acceptance of others.
7. What’s the best title of this passage?
A. Classroom reading lists change.
B. Two famous books lose appeal.
C. Different races conflict.
D. Words in books hurt.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。明尼苏达州的一些学校最近从读物清单上删除了一些著名的书。他们认为这些书带有种族主义色彩，学生应该多阅读有关有色人种的成功事迹，知道他们的重要性，从而能对种族主义有更全面的了解，更容易接受他人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The schools in Minnesota decided that some words in the books were racist and can be hurtful to students.”可知，明尼苏达州的一些学校认为书中的一些词语带有种族主义色彩，这可能会对学生造成伤害，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He is in the story only to teach the white community about racism. The character is not complete and the white savior (救世主) idea shows poor writing skills.” 和第四段中的“Students do not learn as much from flat characters like Tom. They should read more authors of color. They should read stories where people of color are important.”可知，黑人汤姆在这个故事中只起到了向白人传递种族主义的作用，这个角色的刻画并不完整，而对白人救世主的构思显示出糟糕的写作技巧。学生们从像汤姆这样平淡的人物身上学到的东西不多。学生应该多阅读有关有色人种的成功事迹，知道他们的重要性，这样才能传递种族平等的观念，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Students of color must be able to see their real lives reflected in books so that they can change to become more accepting of others.”可知，有色人种的学生必须能够看到他们的真实生活反映在书籍中，这样他们才能改变自己变得更能接受他人，故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“A group of schools in Minnesota recently made a big change. They took some famous books off their reading list.”可知，明尼苏达州的一些学校最近做出了很大的改变。他们从读物清单上删除了一些著名的书，接下来文章围绕着这个举措分析该做法的好处。故选A。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看文章首尾或各段开头寻找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是介绍一个研究结果的，该类文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此，考生直接抓住第一段中的“A group of schools in Minnesota recently made a big change. They took some famous books off their reading list.”即可找到文章中心，然后从中找出关键词，确定标题，因此该题选A项。
C
“The Lion King” is one of Disney’s highest earners. But behind “The Lion King”, a true story of Sundiata Keita is still largely invisible outside his own country.
Known as the Lion of Mali, Sundiata was the founder of the Malian Empire, the largest kingdom in West Africa. His empire expanded more than 1,000 miles from the Atlantic coast all the way to the Niger River. Sundiata ruled from 1235 to 1255.
Sundiata’s father, King Naré Maghann Konaté, was told by fortune tellers that if he married an ugly woman she would give birth to a son who would become a mighty and magnificent king. He already had a wife named Sassouma Bereté and a son named Dankaran Tourman. However, Konate took Sogolon Kedjou as his second wife. She gave birth to Sundiata, who was born disabled. Though the king favored him, both Sogolon and Sundiata were unfairly teased for his disability.
Sundiata became a great leader among his people, sparking resentment from his half-brother Tourman who wanted the throne for himself. When Konaté died, many suspected that he had been murdered. Fearful of an attack on their lives. Sogolon took Sundiata and the rest of her children and fled. The Mandinka people were taken over by the cruel and unfair King Soumaoro Kante of the Sosso people.
In need of their true leader, the people sent word for Sundiata to return and take his rightful place as the king. Outside of the country, Sundiata built alliances with the king of Mema and other local rulers. He gathered an army to free the Mandinka people and defeat the Sosso king. Upon his victorious return, he adopted a new title for himself. “Mansa,” which means king or emperor in Mandinka. Sundiata’s kingdom became one of the most wealthy and powerful empires in history.
8. Why is the movie “The Lion King” mentioned in paragraph 1?
A. To show us one of Disney’s achievements.
B. To encourage a view of the movie.
C. To introduce a true story.
D. To tell us its popularity among the public.
9. Why did Konaté get married to Sogolon Kedjou?
A. Because she was a recognized beauty.
B. Because he expected her to produce a great successor.
C. Because she adored him for his immense power.
D. Because he was not content with his first wife.
10. What does the underlined word “resentment” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Inspiration. B. Anger.
C. Admiration. D. Guilt.
11. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A magazine. B. A diary.
C. A guidebook. D. A novel.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。《狮子王》是迪士尼影片公司收入最高的动画电影之一。被称为“马里狮子”的Sundiata Keita，是西非最大王国马里帝国的创始人。他从1235年至1255年统治马里，像影片中的狮子王一样，Sundiata Keita遭遇了艰难的挑战，最后终于成为了马里帝国的创始人。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的But behind “The Lion King”, a true story of Sundiata Keita is still largely invisible outside his own country.可知，国外的人们并不怎么了解关于桑迪亚塔·凯塔（Sundiata Keita）的真实故事，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“if he married an ugly woman she would give birth to a son who would become a mighty and magnificent king.”可知，算命先生告诉Naré Maghann Konaté国王，如果他娶一个丑陋的女人，她将生下一个儿子，这个儿子将成为一个威武强大的国王，故选B。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中划线词语前后内容可知，Sundiata同父异母的兄弟Tourman想要登基为王，而Sundiata成为他的人民中的伟大领导者会对Tourman产生威胁，因此Tourman感到愤怒和不满，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章首先提到了迪士尼影片公司收入最高的动画电影之一《狮子王》，进而讲述了Sundiata Keita克服艰难险阻建立了马里帝国，为读者提供了关于Sundiata Keita的很多详细的信息。可知，文章的出处可能是人物故事类的杂志。故选A。
D
Ready or not, here they come: Scientists who played hide-and-seek with rats found that their furry subjects seemed to love the game- and they were remarkably good at it.
The researchers taught six adolescent male rats how to play a one-on-one version of hide-and-seek. They equipped a large room with cardboard barriers and small containers to serve as hiding places for humans and rats, respectively. The game started when the rat was placed in a small box in the middle of the room. If the rat was the “seeker,” the scientist would hide and then remotely open the box. If the rat was the “hider the scientist would crouch (蹲伏) by the box when the rat came out. This prompted the little rodent to running quickly for cover. All six rats learned how to be the seeker. Five of them were able to handle hiding as well.
Compared with something like playful wrestling, hide-and-seek is more complex for several reasons. It requires an understanding of the rules, a clear grasp of players’ distinct roles and the ability to assume different roles on different rounds. This unconventional experiment sheds light on the sophisticated sense of play in these tiny rodents, and also hints at the evolutionary usefulness of this type of play.
Peggy Mason, a neurobiologist (神经生物学家) at the University of Chicago, said that she was most impressed by the discovery that the rats didn’t just learn hide and seek—they wanted to play it. Play probably helps young animals learn how to socially interact, Mason said. She pointed to evidence that when rodents are prevented from playing during early development, they don’t grow into normal adults. Instead, they become anxious, they don’t play well with others and they aren’t great parents.
12. What can we know about the experiment?
A. Rats do better than other creatures in hide-and-seek.
B. Rats may enjoy themselves in hide-and-seek.
C. Rats prefer hide-and-seek to other games.
D. Rats may be subject to humans in hide-and-seek.
13. What may drive the rat to hurriedly hide in the experiment?
A. The scientist’s getting close.
B. Potential danger out of the box.
C. Its sense of safety under the cover.
D. Other rats’ call for help.
14. Which of the following best describes hide-and-seek?
A. Unique B. Outdated
C. Easy D. Demanding
15. What may be a possible cause of a poor rat parent?
A. Deep anxiety over their kids’ growth.
B. Unwillingness to get on well with their kids.
C. A lack of confidence in their kids.
D. Absence of play in their early life.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过实验发现，老鼠喜欢并且擅长捉迷藏游戏。这项非常规的实验揭示了这些小型啮齿动物的复杂游戏意识，也暗示了这种游戏的进化实用性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists who played hide-and-seek with rats found that their furry subjects seemed to love the game- and they were remarkably good at it.”可知，与老鼠玩捉迷藏的科学家发现，他们毛茸茸的对象似乎很喜欢这款游戏，而且他们非常擅长这种游戏。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If the rat was the “hider”, the scientist would crouch (蹲伏) by the box when the rat came out. This prompted the little rodent to running quickly for cover.”可知，如果老鼠是“藏匿者”， 那么当它出来时发现科学家在箱子旁蹲伏，这会使它迅速奔跑寻求掩护。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Compared with something like playful wrestling, hide-and-seek is more complex for several reasons. It requires an understanding of the rules, a clear grasp of players’ distinct roles and the ability to assume different roles on different rounds”可知，与摔角之类的活动相比，“捉迷藏”是更为复杂的。老鼠需要了解规则，清楚地掌握玩家的不同角色，以及具备在不同回合中扮演不同角色的能力，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“She pointed to evidence that when rodents are prevented from playing during early development, they don’t grow into normal adults. Instead, they become anxious, they don’t play well with others and they aren’t great parents.”可知，她指出，有证据表明，当啮齿动物在早期发育过程中无法玩耍时，它们就不会长大成为成年鼠。相反，它们变得焦虑不安，彼此无法愉快玩耍，也不能成为优秀的老鼠父母。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do so Many People Like Golf?
Today’s golf enthusiasts like golf for many reasons. ____16____ Trees and lakes provide aesthetic pleasure and a natural environment for animals, including birds, squirrels, fish, and in some states like Florida, even alligators. In an era of crowded cities and suburbs, the open-air, breezy golf course is a tonic (补药).
In addition to the pleasing serenity of a golf course, people also like golf because of the exercise. ____17____ Short courses can be easily walked, while many choose an electric golf cart on long courses. Even so, a golfer must walk from cart to ball for each shot, which amounts to a good deal of exercise. The swing also works several upper body muscles.
People also like golf because of the challenge. ____18____ Getting the swing just right makes all the difference in sending the ball sailing from the tee. Putting on the green requires an opposite skill set that includes a sharp eye, choosing the right line, and applying just the right amount of strength.
____19____ Often called “the gentleman’s sport” women like golf too because it is a non-contact sport that nearly anyone can enjoy with a little practice. Whether competing for titles in local or international tournaments, or playing for pleasure on a lazy afternoon, golf is a sport with much to offer all ages and both genders. ____20____
A. Try it and you just might find you like golf too.
B. Finally, people like golf because of the pleasure.
C. Finally, many like golf because it is a social game.
D. While it may seem like an easy game, it is highly technical.
E. It seems like more people like golf today than ever before.
F. Rolling green courses are landscaped not only for technical challenge but for beauty.
G. Golf courses are 18 holes, and can be long or short to accommodate different skill levels.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章说明了人们喜欢高尔夫运动的原因。
【16题详解】
空后的 “aesthetic pleasure”和F选项中的“beauty”内容相近，可知起伏的绿色球场、树木和湖泊提供了美的享受，这是在阐述人们喜欢高尔夫运动的原因，故选F。
【17题详解】
空后出现了short和long，和选项G相呼应。高尔夫球场有18个洞，球场可以长也可以短，以适应不同人的技术水平，但不论长短，都可以给人带来运动的机会，这与段首句的exercise语意相符，故选G。
【18题详解】
上一句提到“人们喜欢高尔夫运动也是因为它具有挑战性。”承接上文，D选项“虽然这看起来很简单，但技术含量很高。”切题，highly technical与challenge相呼应，故选D。
【19题详解】
由文章的写作结构可以看出，此空应填入人们喜欢高尔夫运动的原因，C选项“最后，很多人喜欢高尔夫运动，因为它是一种社交活动。”符合要求，故选C。
【20题详解】
上一句提到“高尔夫运动是一项可以为所有年龄段的男性女性提供很多东西的运动。”承接上文，A选项“尝试一下，你可能会发现你也喜欢高尔夫运动。” 切题，it指代上句中的golf，故选A。
【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第1小题中的“beauty”，第2小题中的“short、long”，第3小题中的“highly technical”，第4小题中的“because”，第5小题中的“it”均与上下文有相呼应的词语。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once upon a time, there was an old man who lived alone in a small shack (棚屋). Every day at ____21____, when the birds were singing from branches in the treetops, as the sun set and the sky grew ____22____, the old man would sit outside his shack and tell ____23____ to the dandelion that grew in his garden. So ____24____ were the tales that no one could remember if they really happened.
One day, a group of ____25____ walked past the shack. They heard the old man talking and telling a story. They found it to be ____26____. The children remained standing there ____27____ until the old man finished telling another old tale. One of the girls ____28____, “Granddad! Who are you telling your stories to?” “I tell them to this dandelion growing down here, ____29____ next to me,” the old man replied. The children looked and for the first time _______30_______ the small dandelion growing in the old man’s garden. How _______31_______, they thought -telling stories to a dandelion. Why?
“He knows how to listen,” answered the old man, responding to the children’s _______32_______ look.
So, day after day, the children _______33_______ and listened to Granddad’s stories until one morning, when the dandelions were noticed to have _______34_______.Its small yellow petals disappeared and in their place were fuzzy (毛茸茸的) white hairs. A sudden _______35_______ dispersed the fuzzy white hairs off the dandelion and scattered its seeds in _______36_______ direction. Children looked at the white hairs _______37_______ in the air.
As the children _______38_______ adults, they left their homes and built new homes here or there. Granddads stories, just like the dandelion’s _______39_______ from which dozens of new dandelions _______40_______, were scattered along with the children who grew up.
21. A. dawn B. night C. noon D. dusk
22. A. bright B. blue C. white D. dark
23. A. lies B. tales C. messages D. news
24. A. old B. interesting C. mysterious D. good
25. A. people B. children C. scholars D. students
26. A. dull B. scary C. fascinating D. instructive
27. A. telling B. sharing C. debating D. listening
28. A. called out B. gave in C. called back D. asked for
29. A. right B. fully C. seldom D. even
30. A. heard B. noticed C. felt D. praised
31. A. amusing B. strange C. boring D. pleasant
32. A. confused B. determined C. thrilled D. worried
33. A. left B. played C. returned D. arrived
34. A. grown B. changed C. improved D. died
35. A. storm B. rain C. snow D. wind
36. A. another B. one C. every D. no
37. A. fighting B. dropping C. diving D. flying
38. A. took care of B. looked up to C. grew up into D. got along with
39. A. seeds B. petals C. hairs D. leaves
40. A. planted B. withered C. blossomed D. faded
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。很久以前，有一个老人每天都给园里种的蒲公英讲故事。一群好奇的孩子每天都来听讲。日复一日，新的蒲公英长出来，孩子们也长大了。爷爷的故事就像新长出的蒲公英一样陪伴在孩子们的身边。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天随着太阳逐渐落下，老人都坐在他的棚屋外面，向花园里的蒲公英讲故事。A. dawn黎明； B. night夜晚； C. noon中午； D. dusk黄昏。由“the sun set”可知，太阳落下是在黄昏时，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太阳逐渐落下，天慢慢地黑了。A. bright明亮的； B. blue蓝色的； C. white白色的； D. dark黑暗的。根据“the sun set”判断，天渐渐黑了，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：老人向花园里的蒲公英讲故事。A. lie谎言；B. tale故事； C. message信息； D. news消息。由下一句的“so…were the tales that…”,可知老人讲的是故事（tales），故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老人讲的故事太古老了，以至于没人记得它是否真的发生过。A. old古老的； B. interesting有趣的； C. mysterious神秘的； D. good好的。由句意可知，故事太久远了，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，一群孩子走过小屋。A. people人们； B. children孩子； C. scholar学者； D. student学生。由下文的“The children remained standing there…”,可知是孩子们经过小屋，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们觉得老人讲故事很吸引人。A. dull 单调的；枯燥无味的;B. scary恐怖的，吓人的； C. fascinating吸引人的； D. instructive有教育意义的。由下文孩子们依旧站在小屋外听老人讲故事，可知故事很吸引人，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们一直站在那儿听老人讲完另一个古老的故事。A. tell告诉； B. share 分享； C. debate辩论； D. listen听。孩子们没有离开，听老人讲故事听得入迷了，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一位女孩喊到“爷爷！您在向谁讲故事？” A. call out喊，叫，大声说出； B. give in屈服，让步； C. call back给…回电话； D. ask for向某人要…。女孩因为困惑，喊到爷爷，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：老人回答，“我讲故事给生长在这里的蒲公英，它就在我身旁。” A. right正好，恰好； B. fully完全地； C. seldom很少；D. even甚至。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们看了看，第一次注意到老人花园里生长的小蒲公英。A. hear听见； B. notice注意到； C. feel感觉； D. praise表扬。根据下文，孩子们四下查看，注意到老人在和蒲公英说话，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们认为，给蒲公英讲故事是多么的奇怪啊。A. amusing好笑的；B. strange奇怪的； C. boring令人厌烦的； D. pleasant令人愉快的‘。根据why看出孩子们觉得老人和蒲公英说话是很奇怪的，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老人回答说：“他知道如何听”，回应孩子们困惑的表情。A. confused困惑的； B. determined有决心的； C. thrilled兴奋的，激动的；D. worried担忧的。孩子们觉得老人和蒲公英说话是很奇怪的，因此流露出困惑的表情，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，日复一日，孩子们回到爷爷那里听他讲故事。A. leave离开； B. play玩耍； C. return返回； D. arrive到达。孩子们喜欢听爷爷讲故事，因此每天都会回到爷爷那里，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到一个早晨，他们发现蒲公英变了。A. grow生长； B. change改变； C. improve提高，改善； D. die死亡。根据下文Its small yellow petals disappeared and in their place were fuzzy (毛茸茸的) white hairs.，看出蒲公英的花瓣被白色的茸毛代替了，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然一阵风将白色的茸毛从蒲公英上吹开，并将它的种子吹向四面八方。A. storm风暴； B. rain雨； C. snow雪D. wind风。根据下文the white hairs…in the air可知，是风将蒲公英的茸毛吹向空中，storm是风暴，因此不合理，故选D。
【36题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：突然一阵风将模糊的白发从蒲公英上散开，并将它的种子吹向四面八方。A. another另一个；B. one一个；C. every每一个；D. no没有、不。in every direction意为“朝向四面八方”，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们看着空中飞舞的白色茸毛。A. fight打架、斗争； B. drop落下； C. dive潜水； D. fly飞、飞翔。茸毛飞向空中，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当孩子们长大成人时，他们开始离开家园，在其他地方建造了新家。A. took care of照顾； B. look up to尊敬； C. grow up into 长成；D. get along with和…相处，进展。孩子们一点点长大成人，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：爷爷的故事就像蒲公英的种子一样，生出新的蒲公英，散落在已经长大的孩子们身边。A. seed种子；B. petal花瓣； C. hair头发，(植物叶茎上的) 茸毛；D. leaf叶子。故事就像蒲公英的种子一样，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爷爷的故事就像蒲公英的种子一样，绽放出新的蒲公英，散落在已经长大的孩子们身边。A. plant种植； B. wither枯萎，凋谢； C. blossom开花，绽放； D. fade褪色。新的蒲公英从种子绽放出来，故选C。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第4小题判断故事是什么样的。该题可根据这句中“no one could remember if they really happened”进行判断，老人讲的故事太古老了，以至于没人记得它是否真的发生过。故选A项。还可以根据生活常识进行解答。比如：第2小题判断天变得怎么样了，上文提到the sun set，太阳落下了，因此天变得黑了，故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China unveiled the official mascots ____41____ September 17 for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympic Games.
The mascot was ____42____ (joint) unveiled by Vice-Premier Han Zheng, International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach and Gou Zhongwen, Executive President of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Games, at a ceremony ____43____ (attend) by 1,600 people at a training venue for the 2022 Winter Games.
The panda ____44____ (name) “Bing Dwen Dwen” in Chinese. Bing means “ice!” in Chinese, while Dwen Dwen suggests “health and ingenuity”—____45____ (characteristic) also shared by pandas Pandas are perhaps the most ____46____ (recognize) animal species in China, organizers said.
Soon after the launch of Bing Dwen Dwen, Beijing organizers also introduced Shuey Rhon Rhon—a personification of a red lantern—as ____47____ mascot for the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games. Shuey RhonRhon does not easily translate into English but ____48____ (contain) characters for both “snow” and “forbearance”.
The two new mascots will serve as spirited symbols of the Games ____49____ will take place in the three zones of downtown Beijing, the suburban district of Yanqing and co-host city Zhangjiakou in _____50_____ (surround) Hebei province.
【答案】41. on 42. jointly
43. attended
44. is named
45. characteristics
46. recognizable / recognized
47. the 48. contains
49. that / which
50. surrounding
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。9月17日，北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会吉祥物“雪容融”发布活动在北京举行，这两个新的吉祥物将成为冬季奥运会和残奥会的精神象征。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国于9月17日揭幕了北京2022年冬季奥运会和残奥会的官方吉祥物。在某一天，使用介词on。故填on 。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：吉祥物由韩正副总理、国际奥委会主席托马斯·巴赫（Thomas Bach）、2022年北京冬奥会和残奥会组织委员会执行主席苟仲文共同揭幕。修饰谓语动词was unveiled用副词。故填 jointly。
【43题详解】
考查过去分词。句意： 在一个由1600人参加的仪式上。ceremony（仪式）和attend之间为被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填attended 。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：熊猫在中文中被称为“ Bing Dwen Dwen”。主语the panda 和name之间为被动关系，介绍吉祥物的情况应使用一般现在时。故填is named 。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：组织者说，Bing在中文中的意思是“冰”，而Dwen Dwen则表示“健康和独创性”，这也是熊猫具有的特征。根据health and ingenuity可知，这是两个特征，故填characteristics 。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。熊猫也许是中国最知名的动物。形容词修饰animal species作定语 。 recognized意为“公认的，经过验证的”。 recognizable意为：“容易认出的， 易于识别的”。故填recognizable/recognized。
【47题详解】
考查冠词 。句意：赛事组织者还介绍了Shuey Rhon Rhon（雪容融）作为2022年北京冬季残奥会的吉祥物。mascot后有定语for the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games修饰，应在mascot前使用定冠词表示特指意义。 故填the 。
【48题详解】
考查时态 。句意：Shuey RhonRhon不易译成英语，但它包含了“雪”和“忍”两个字 。主语是 Shuey RhonRhon，contain作为谓语动词和doesn’t translate并列，应使用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填contains。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词 。句意：奥运会将在北京市区，延庆郊区和邻近的河北省协办城市张家口三地共同举办。空格后的从句为定语从句，修饰先行词the Games，从句中缺主语 。故填that/which。
【50题详解】
考查形容词 。句意：奥运会将在北京市区，延庆郊区和邻近的河北省协办城市张家口三地共同举办。此空需要填入形容词修饰Hebei province作定语，surrounding意为“周围的，附近的”。故填surrounding。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
High school is very important in one’s lifetime Nowadays, the movies about the high school time are so popular, and the stories are overstated. My feelings about high school life are so different of the movies. In the past two years, study occupied most of my time. I fought for the future with my classmates. We studied hardly and shared our opinion about the difficult points together. When I made a great progress, I was so happy, but when I fell behind, I would not give up. I grew up and became patience. I was not a little girl anymore. In the spare time, I would go to play basketball with my friends, that became the most excited thing at that time. Though the high school life was simple, I gained a lot. I would never forget the classmates who worked with them together.
【答案】1. and→but；2. of→from；3. occupied前加has；4. hardly→hard ；5. opinion→opinions ；6. 将a去掉； 7. patience→patient；8.that→which；9. excited→exciting；10.them →me。
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我对高中生活的记忆。我和同学们一起为未来努力学习，互相帮助。课余时间,我和朋友们一起去打篮球。高中生活在我的心中留下了深刻的印象。
【详解】1. 考查连词。句意：如今，有关高中时期的电影非常受欢迎，但故事情节却被夸大了。前后内容不是并列关系，而是转折关系，故将and改为but。
2. 考查介词。句意：我对高中生活的感受与电影中的不同。be different from意为“与……不同”，故将of改为from。
3. 考查时态。由时间状语in the past two years可知，该句描述的是从过去到现在的情况，该句应用现在完成时态，而不是一般过去时态。故在occupied前加has。
4. 考查副词。修饰动词studied用副词，hardly意为“几乎不”，work hard意为“努力学习”，故将hardly改为hard。
5. 考查名词。句意：我们一起努力学习，并且分享我们对难点的意见。此处opinion应用复数形式，故将opinion改为opinions。
6. 考查名词。句意：当我取得很大的进步的时候,我很高兴。progress是不可数名词，故将a去掉。
7. 考查形容词。句意：我长大了,变得有耐心了。become后接形容词作表语，故将patience改为patient。
8. 考查定语从句。 which引导的非限定性定语从句用来说明前面整个句子的情况或其中的一部分。本句中which指代“I would go to play basketball with my friends.”这件事，并在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限定性定语从句。故将that改为which。
9. 考查形容词。句意：在课余时间,我会和我的朋友一起去打篮球,这是最令我兴奋的事情。exciting表示“令人兴奋的”，指事物给人的感觉；excited表示“感到兴奋的”，强调人自身的感受。此处表示打篮球是最令人兴奋的事情，故将excited改为exciting。
10. 考查代词。句意：我永远不会忘记曾和我一起学习的同学。who引导定语从句，指代先行词classmates ，在从句中作主语，即the classmates work with…,因此介词with后应该用me，故将them改为me。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你们学校正在举行有关“garbage sorting”英语演讲比赛。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 垃圾分类的现状
2. 能做的事情
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen!
I’m Lihua. _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good morning, ladies and gentlemen!
I’m Li Hua. It’s a great honor for me to deliver my speech about garbage sorting, a hot topic recently.
As Shanghai issued a mandatory household sorting, Beijing followed its suit. Yet the reality seems remote from vision. So as middle school students, we are supposed to raise our awareness and take action. As for how we can help in the daily life,I think, there are three ways. Firstly, at home, we can help classify the household garbage, putting different kinds of garbage into the trash cans of different colors. Secondly, in the school, we can organize some activities to reuse the materials in the recycling trash can. Last but not least, we can publicize it directly in the communities to call on more people to take part in it.
Though we are young and our power is limited, every effort we take counts!
Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，介绍垃圾分类的现状以及作为学生能做的事情。
【详解】演讲稿写作要点：
1.按照所给内容提示，以听众为中心的方式确定演讲主题。
2.设定明确的中心思想、主旨句和主要要点，称谓要得体。
3.为你的演讲找论据。论据材料必须中肯、多样、详尽、恰当。
推荐写作模板：
模板①
Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen,
It’s a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.（表示荣幸）My name is __________.（自我介绍）The topic of my speech is ___________.（提出演讲主题）
__________（话题或现象列举）To begin with, many people suggest that  ___________.Secondly, __________. Thirdly, __________.（建议或解决问题的办法）
What I want to stress is that __________.（重申主题）For one thing, _________ . For another, _________. Besides, ___________.（原因或重要性列举）In a word, ___________.（总结）
模板②
Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone,
It’s nice to see all of you here. It’s so nice to see all of you here. I feel honored to have the opportunity to give you a speech on/ about___________ .It’s a great pleasure for me to speak here.
The topic of my speech is __________. (演讲的主题) First of all, ___________. Besides, __________. Secondly, ___________. What’s more, ____________ . (具体内容)
As far as I am concerned, ____________. From what has been discussed above, we can safely draw the conclusion that ____________. Thanks for your attention/listening. (总结演讲)

演讲稿写作步骤：
第一步：对听众的称呼语
根据不同情况，选用 Ladies and gentlemen, Fellow students, Distinguished guests, Mr Chairman, Honorable Judges(评委)等等。本篇作文开头已经给出，即 Ladies and gentlemen。
第二步：提出论题
由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。提出论题的方法有各种各样，但最生动，最能引起注意的是用举例法。比如：你要呼吁大家关心贫穷地区的孩子，你可以用亲眼看到的或者收集到的那些贫穷孩子多么需要帮助的实例开始。另外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如：你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，你可以从举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。本文提到上海，北京的垃圾强制分类做法，以引起听众的注意力和思考。
第三步：论证
对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等。文中提出三个建议，作为学生应该做些什么。通过Firstly, Secondly, Last but not least举出具体的做法。
第四步：结论
结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。
第五步：结尾
结尾要简洁，不要受汉语影响，说些类似＂准备不足，请谅解＂，＂请批评指正＂这样的话语。结尾可以说：Thank you very much for your attention.
【点睛】这是一篇演讲稿，要点都已经给出，时态主要是一般过去时和一般现在时，描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出来。写作时要点要全面涵盖，不能有遗漏和省略。但是要点只是提纲，考生还要在此基础上增加细节，不要逐字逐句翻译，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。如文章中使用Firstly, Secondly, Last but not least将学生能做的事情连接起来，以使内容和逻辑连贯。短语 follow its suit，remote from vision， are supposed to，raise our awareness ， take action 和句型It’s a great honor for me to deliver my speech about…, As for how we can help in the daily life, I think, there are three ways., Though we are young and our power is limited, every effort we take counts!等的使用，使文章增添色彩和亮点。
附录：书面表达评分参考
一、评分原则
1. 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其档次，然后以该档次要求衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3. 评分时应关注内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性、准确性及上下文的连贯
4. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5. 如书写较差以至影响交际，将其分数降低一个档次。
二、内容要点、篇章结构和语言逻辑
1．写作的要点必须清楚：
1. 垃圾分类的现状
2. 能做的事情
内容要点可用不同的方式表达；内容可适当拓展（如稿件要求的内容、形式、字数等），但应紧扣主题，内容合理。
2. 信的内容一般用2-3个自然段来组织，但各段要主题清晰，层次分明。不分段（包括格式不合理的）整体扣除2分。
3. 行文逻辑清晰，意义连贯，能恰当使用体现篇章连贯的各种手段，如连词（连接单
词和短语、连接句子或者从句）、副词、介词和介词短语等等。
三、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档（21～25分）
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
－ 覆盖所有内容要点。
－ 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
－ 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。
－ 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。

第四档（16～20分）
完成了试题规定的任务。
－ 虽漏掉一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
－ 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
－ 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇
所致。
－ 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
达到了预期的写作目的。

第三档（11～15分）
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
－ 虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。
－ 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
－ 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
－ 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

第二档（6～10分）
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
－ 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
－ 语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
－ 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
－ 较少使用语句间连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

第一档（1～5分）
未完成试题规定的任务。
－ 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
－ 语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
－ 较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
－ 缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
信息未能传达给读者。

0分
未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。