广东省广州市2020届高三普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语试题

秘密★启用前                                                        试卷类型：B

2020年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)

英   语

本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号及试卷类型（B）。因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
    3.回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分  阅读理解 ( 共两节，满分40分 )

第一节 ( 共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分 )

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

We can all think of times when people didn't make remembering easy. Directions given at machine-gun speed. New people introduced in a flood of names and handshakes. Whenever information is passed between people, it’s all too easy for it to go in one ear and straight out of the other. Thankfully, the opposite is also true. Look around you, and you’ll see parents who can get their children to remember exactly what they were told; advertisers who know how to imprint their sales messages on our brains.

So, how do they do? Their secrets can be summed up in four simple words: focus, imagery, reasons and engagement.

FOCUS means ensuring that the person you’re talking to can concentrate on learning. Choose your moment carefully. Check that they can properly hear or see the information. Communicate slowly and clearly enough for their memory to cope.

IMAGERY helps information to stick. Do everything your can to make other people “see” the ideas you’re giving them. Add visual details to directions, and illustrate abstract concepts with metaphors.

REASONS to remember help people to put in the mental effort. So, make it clear that your words are important, and be explicit about why. Maybe this information will save them time, protect them from embarrassment, or let them enjoy a particular experience or event.

EMGAGEMENT requires you to ask questions. Point out links between new concepts and things listeners already know. Activate their senses, spark their curiosity, get them doing something physical, or simply make them laugh.

The next time you’ve got an important message to pass on, put some of these techniques to the test. You’ll discover that there are benefits on both sides when you know how to FIRE people’s memories into action.

21. What is the main purpose of the text?

1. To report new research.
2. To provide some advice.
3. To explain a problem.
4. To define some terms.

22. How can you do to help a listener “focus” on what you are saying?

1. Select the appropriate time to raise the topic.
2. Do something humorous to get their attention.
3. Make sure the information provided is correct.
4. Speak as slowly and clearly as you possibly can.

23. Explaining to listeners why your information is important is an example of ________.

A. FOCUS  B. IMAGERY  C. REASONS  D. ENGAGEMENT

B

Special boxes lie at the bottom of my locked filing cabinet. Deposited there are important letters and cards collected throughout my life, from my grandparents, school friends, parents, wife and son. Since the invention of e-mail though, they’ve been few and far between.

Tonight is New York’s Eve 2029 and there’s a very special box of letters I want to look at. But first there’s something I have to do – The Ritual(惯例).

I go to my trusted computer and start. I begin to type: Dear -- . I leave the name blank for now, anticipating the thrill of typing it in. “I hope you are well and I wonder how this will find you. And you still planning to move to that villa in Portugal? Did your son marry Fiona? Is your mother still alive? Questions surge into my mind.

For the next two hours I sit writing. About what I’ve been doing for the last year, my failing health, my increasing wealth and sometime difficult marriage. Then about my goals and ambitions. Will he be interested? Do I climb Mt. Kilimanjaro? Do I get that novel published? the one that’s been rejected more times than I carte to think about.

Finally, it’s finished. 11:30 pm. I fill in the recipient’s name, print my letter, sign and address it and then seal it up with tape. I then delete the document and empty the trash folder – to avoid the possibility of temptation. That completes the ritual!

I walk over to my “special box”. It contains ten long, white, thick envelopes, all with the same handwriting. I place the one I have just written in at the back and take out the one at the front. It’s dated 2019, and labelled “to be opened 31st December 2029”.

The cycle is finally complete! I open it, trembling with anticipation. I begin to read, my eyes tearing up a little as I do so. Throughout the last ten long, eventful years, of life, death, joy and heartbreak, it has been waiting patiently in this box for me, though I now have no memory of ever having written it.

24. Why does the author receive fewer “important letters” these days ?

A. He has moved from his original address.

B. He is rarely in contact with his friends and family.

C. People communicate with each other less often than before.

D. Electronic communication has largely replaced physical letters.

25. Who does the underlined word “he” in paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The author himself.

B. The author’s son.

C. The author’s school friend.

D. The author’s book publisher.

26. Why does the author probably delete the completed letter from his computer?

A. So that no one else will be able to read it.

B. So that he won’t read it ahead of schedule.

C. Because he decides at last not to send it.

D. Because he wants forget what has happened.

27. How does the author feel as he is about to open his special letter?

A. Relieved  B. Moved  C. Excited  D. Afraid

C

Texas rancher(牧场主) Charles Goodnight had a problem. He needed skilled cowboys to drive his herd of two thousand longhorn cattle to New Mexico to be sold. He couldn't offer high wages. He couldn't promise easy jobs or even nice weather. But he decided that decent, warm meals might entice men to work for him.

In the mid-to-late 1800s, cattle drives sometimes took three to four months, and once the drive began, there were no stores for hundreds of miles. All the food and supplies needed for the trip were carried on two-wheeled carts. Usually, the cowboy's food was boring and unappetizing.

Goodnight went to work and solved the problem. His invention of a mobile kitchen, the chuck wagon(四轮马车), got its name from the cowboy word for food, "chuck." Goodnight took an old army wagon and rebuilt it with Osage orange, a wood so tough that Indians used it to make bows. The wagon's iron axles were stronger than the wooden ones found on standard wagons, and the wider wheels lasted longer. Besides food, coffee sugar and eating utensils, it held everything from first-aid supplies to needles and thread. It even contained cooking stove.

The first chuck wagon was an instant success. Eighteen cowhands joined Goodnight and his partner, Oliver Loving, to drive the cattle to New Mexico for a handsome profit. The route they took—later called the Goodnight-Loving Trail—became one of the most heavily used cattle trails in the Southwest.

The chuck wagon soon was the backbone of all successful cattle drives. Other ranchers created their own moving kitchens, and eventually the Studebaker Company produced chuck wagons that sold for $75 to $100 apiece, about $1,000 today.

The chuck wagon was much more than a mobile kitchen. Sometimes called "the trail drive's mother ship," it was like a magnet that drew the men together. The wagon and the ground around it were the cowboy's home. There he enjoyed hot meals, a warm fire, and good companionship. He could also get a bandage, a haircut, or horse liniment for his sore muscles. And there, under the stars and around the chuck wagon, he crawled into his bedroll each night.

28. Who does the underlined word “entice” in paragraph 1 mean?

A. Inform   B. Direct  C. Enable  D. Attract

29. Why were cattle drives in the mid-to-late 1800s so tough ?

1. All the cattle were carried on two-wheeled vehicles.
2. Fresh food supplies were hard to find on the drive.
3. There were not enough cowboys to drive the cattle.
4. There was no place to store food and necessary supplies.

30. What do we know about Goodnight’s chuck wagon from the text?

A. It was stronger than the ordinary wagons.

B. It was mainly used to provide first aid.

C. It could be changed into a sleeping area.

D. It was sold to other ranchers by Goodnight.

31. What is the best title for the text?

1. The Cowboys’ Problem
2. Goodnight-Loving Trail
3. The Cowboys’ Home on Wheels
4. Exciting Cattle Drives in the West

D

Depending on what language you speak, your eye perceives colours – and the world – differently than someone else.

The human eye can physically perceive millions of colours. But we don’t all recognise these colours in the same way. Some people can’t see differences in colours – so called colour blindness – due to a defect or absence of the cells in the retina that are sensitive to high levels of light: the cones. But the distribution and density of these cells also varies across people with ‘normal vision’, causing us all to experience the same colour in slightly different ways.

Language affects our colour perception too. Different languages and cultural groups also categorize colours differently. Some languages like Dani, spoken in Papua New Guinea, and Bassa, spoken in Liberia and Sierra Leone, only have two terms, dark and light. Dark roughly translates as cool in those languages, and light as warm. So colours like black, blue, and green are glossed as cool colours, while lighter colours like white, red, orange and yellow are glossed as warm colours. Other cultural groups have no word for “colours” at all.

Remarkably, most of the world’s languages have five basic colour terms. As well as dark, light, and red, these languages typically have a term for yellow, and a term that refers to both blue and green. That is, these languages do not have separate terms for “green” and “blue” but use one term to describe both colours. Also, Russian, Greek, Turkish and many other languages have two separate terms for blue – one referring exclusively to darker shades, and one referring to lighter shades.

The way we perceive colours can also change during our lifetime. Greek speakers, who have two fundamental colour terms to describe light and dark blue, are more likely to see these two colours as the same after living for long periods of time in the UK. There, these two colours are described in English by the same fundamental colour term: blue.

Different languages can influence our perceptions in all areas of life, not only colour. Scientists are now investigating how different languages changes the way we perceive everyday objects. Ultimately, this happens because learning a new language is like giving our brain the ability to interpret the world differently

32. What is mainly discussed in paragraph 2?

A. The medical causes of people’s colour blindness.

B. The different types of colours that people can see.

C. The physical causes of variation in people’s vision.

D. The cultural reasons for differences in colour perception.

33. What colours are commonly referred to using the same word by many language groups?

A. Yellow and red.

B. Warm and cold.

C. Dark and light.

D. Blue and green.

34. What do we know about the Russian language?

A. It classifies colours as either warm or cold.

B. It has more than one word for the colour blue.

C. It mainly describes objects in terms of their colour.

D. It has only five basic terms to describe colours.

35. Why does the author mention Greek speakers living in England?

A. To illustrate how social context can affect our senses.

B. To provide an example of cultural miscommunication.

C. To highlight the variation in the words used to describe colour.

D. To demonstrate how languages can combine to produce new words.

第二节 ( 共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分 )

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Tropical Cyclones

Have you ever seen a TV weatherperson pointing to a large, white spiral of storm clouds spinning over the Earth on their video screen? If so, then you've gotten a small look at what the most powerful storm in the world looks like: a tropical cyclone.(热带风暴)

   36   The warm air and water at the equator(赤道) rise into the atmosphere, cool off, and then sink back down. As this cycle repeats itself over and over again, the storm begins to grow and the winds around the storm begin to move faster.

Depending on where a tropical cyclone is in the world, it is called either a hurricane, a typhoon, or a cyclone. If tropical cyclones move over the northwestern Pacific Ocean, they’re called typhoons.   37   In the South Pacific or the Indian Ocean, they’re called cyclones.

The center of a tropical cyclone is called the “eye”.   38   Most of the strong winds do not reach the eye of the storm, so the eye is the calmest part.

   39   A storm that is rated as a Category 1 is the weakest. A Category 5 tropical cyclone is the strongest, which has winds of over 300km per hour, can cause catastrophic damage.

Once these storms come onto land, they no longer have the warm ocean water they need to grow larger. This means that they begin to grow weaker. This doesn't stop them from causing a lot of damage before they go away.   40   

1. They still may produce strong rain and tornadoes.
2. Tropical cyclones are categorised based on their strength.
3. They withdraw as quickly as they arrive and leave the land untouched.
4. The rest of the storm moves in a circle around the eye at incredibly high speeds.
5. Tropical storms with wind speeds that reach 74 miles per hour are called hurricanes.
6. Tropical cyclones start as tropical storms that form in warm ocean waters near the Earth's equator.
7. Such storms moving over the northeastern Pacific or the Atlantic Ocean are termed hurricanes.

第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

    阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。By WENQIANG

In today's world, we find ourselves communicating more through online channels such as messaging, social media and video calls, often at the   41   of face-to-face dialogue. There are certain situations where online communication is   42   but others where we opt for virtual over a real-life conversation. Which begs the   43  : is online communication   44  . in today's world?

To begin with, I'd like to outline the advantages of online communication. One of the main arguments in its   45   is that it opens up the possibility of communicating with people in different places around the globe. This has considerable benefits in the workplace as   46  . can take place via video conferencing between Stockholm, San Francisco and Shanghai without the need for   47   , exhausting, long-haul business trips.   48   , it provides opportunities for long-distance families and friends to keep in touch on a daily basis. Another point is that written online communication gives us the option of responding either   49   or at a time that suits us as well as allowing us to   50   and polish our message.

On the other hand, there are several significant   51   to over-reliance on online communication. Some experts are   52   that a lack of face-to-face interaction   53   the development of vital social skills such as empathising and reacting to situations in   54  . time. Also, the very nature of conversation is   55   in the virtual world. If short messages decorated with emoticons   56   longer stretches of direct conversation with   57  . expressed on real faces, we are running the risk of   58   the art of real conversation.

  59  , I believe that online communication brings an overall advantage in today's fast-paced, global society. However, we shouldn’t   60   the benefits of engaging in face-to-face dialogue.

41. A. beginning   B. risk    C. request   D. expense

42. A. unnecessary   B. unavoidable  C. challenging  D. meaningful

43. A. question   B. conclusion   C. idea    D. consequence

44. A. understandable  B. incredible   C. preferable   D. possible

45. A. opinion    B. favour    C. presence   D. condition

46. A. payments   B. incidents   C. meetings   D. classes

47. A. time-consuming  B. heartbreaking  C. user-friendly  D. cost-effective

48. A. Gradually   B. Consequently  C. Otherwise   D. Furthermore

49. A. earlier    B. immediately  C. frequently   D. conventionally

50. A. delete    B. copy    C. edit    D. send

51. A. drawbacks   B. puzzles   C. improvements  D. changes

52. A. annoyed   B. curious   C. confident   D. concerned

53. A. crosses out   B. slows down  C. turns up   D. gets over

54. A. work    B. spare    C. local    D. real

55. A. important   B. practical   C. different   D. attractive

56. A. remove    B. replace   C. release   D. revise

57. A. emotions   B. concepts   C. wishes   D. doubts

58. A. denying   B. misunderstanding C. losing    D. missing

59. A. After all   B. By the way   C. On the contrary  D. On balance

60. A. overlook   B. emphasize   C. preserve   D. destroy

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。By WENQIANG

It’s just another day for William Lindesay. It begins by spending some time with his sons… and the Great Wall of China. He has lost count of the number of times he   61  (climb) the wall. However, he still remembers the day he first saw   62  .

The UK native came back to China in 1986 with   63  (plan) to run the wall's entire   64  (long) – but it didn't quite work out that time. He came back a year later and fulfilled his dream, before finally settling in China in 1990. Lindesay has had eight books on the Great Wall   65   (publish) over the years. He has completed three photo projects that show   66   it has changed with the passage of time and led conservation efforts to protect it. Now he and his Chinese friends are using drones(无人机)   67  (film) the Great Wall, which provides a   68   (complete) new and fascinating perspective.

In many ways, the Great Wall has defined Lindesay's life. His solo adventure   69   (describe) as “the most successful foreign exploration of the Great Wall”. He even received a medal   70   the Chinese government for his conservation efforts.

第四部分  写作 ( 共两节，满分35分 )

第一节  短文改错 ( 共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分 )

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Flowing through the centre of Guangzhou, the Pearl River plays an important role in the life of city. Each day, boats take people in and from work, and ships transport goods to factory and markets. The river is also a great source of entertain. Along the river banks, where you can see people walking, exercising and enjoy beautiful views. In recent years, locals had worked hard to improve the river environment. Among their efforts are planting trees along the banks or creating several new parks. Most important, they’ve reduced river pollution, making the water so clean as people can now fish in the river.

第二节  书面表达 ( 满分25分 ) By WENQIANG

假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Chris将要参加中文诗歌朗诵比赛(recitation contest)，发邮件向你询问下面这首诗歌的含义。请你回复邮件，介绍该诗歌的主要内容、表达的思想感情和写作手法。：

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2020年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)

英 语 答 案

第Ⅰ卷

第二部分

第一节  21～25 BACDA      26～30 BCDBA       31～35 CCDBA

第二节  36～40 FGDBA  

第三部分

第一节 

41～45 DBACB  46～50 CADBC   51～55 ADBDC    56～60 BACDA   

第Ⅱ卷

第三部分

第二节 61. has climbed 62. it 63. plans 64. length 65. published

66. how  67. to film 68. completely 69. is/was/has been described 70. from

第四部分

第一节

1. city前加the  2. in-to  3. factory-factories  4. entertain-entertainment  5. where  6. enjoy-enjoying  7. had-have   8. or-and  9. important-importantly   10. as-that