2019届广东省湛江市高三上学期第一次调研考试英语试题（解析版）

湛江市2019届普通高考调研测试
英语
本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。因测试不考听力，第Ⅰ卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.
AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost ￡169.15 at Booking.com. A week later, the same room cost ￡118.15.
If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid -or you’re looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as Whatsonwhen. com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.
STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.
Don’t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was ￡95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was ￡75.75.And at Farringdon, a double room cost just ￡f62.95.
LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O’Neill Flat on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, available for f 420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults.
1. At Whatsonwhen.com, you can ________.
A. find a room close to the station
B. find a room which costs less
C. know how to kill time
D. know when and where there will be events
2. “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably ________.
A. an ideal holiday destination
B. the name of a railway station
C. a hotel away from the train station
D. the tube line to Covent Garden
3. The passage shows that the O’Neill Flat _________.
A. lies on the ground floor
B. provides cooking facilities for tourists
C. is located in central London
D. costs over f100 on average per day in late September
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了削减去英国旅行成本的几个方法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据AVOID BIG EVENTS中的“check out sites such as Whatsonwhen. com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.”可知，在Whatsonwhen. Com，你可以按城市、日期和类别搜索在英国举行的活动，故D项正确。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据该词的“the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was ￡95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was ￡75.75.”可知，伦敦Travelodge’s Central Euston酒店最便宜的房间是￡95.95，Covent Garden酒店的房间是￡75.75，此处与前面并列，提到应该还是一个酒店，再结合本段标题“STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION”可知，这是一个离火车站很远的酒店，故C项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen.”可知，O’Neill Flat是一个拥有独立厨房的自助公寓，能够为游客提供烹饪设备，故B项正确。
B
Nisha Pradhan is worried. The recent college graduate just turns 21 and plans to live on her own. But she’s afraid she won’t be able to stay safe. That’s because she isn’t able to smell.
Back home, her family do her smelling for her. She’s moved in with them for now, but she’s looking for a place of her own. “Now that I’m searching for ways or place to live as an independent person, I find that the sense of smell is important to how we live our lives,” Pradhan says.
She says when she was a child she liked to eat and ate a lot. But there came a point where she lost interest in food.
“One of the first things that people notice whenever they have a smell problem is that food doesn’t taste right any more,” says Beverly Cowart, a researcher. That’s because eating and smell go hand in hand. How food tastes often rely on what we smell. “When you lose your sense of smell, your whole sense of food flavors changed and reduced,” Cowart says, “You can still taste the basic tastes. What you’re missing are the small distinctions.”
“When I go out to eat I have often found that food is very tasteless to me. I never feel full,” she says. “I think a lot of us today like to pretend to be food lovers and we all like to talk about ‘Oh, I think this could use a little bit more flavor,’ or ‘I think this has a hint of meat,’ I can’t really participate in those conversations,” she says.
Pradam thinks her smell loss also may have affected her memory. Pradhan may be on to something, according to biologist Paul Moore. “When smell signals come in, you feel about them first. And then you think about it and then the memory is laid down. So without the feel part, the thinking about its part doesn’t come And that means no new smell memory gets created.”
4. What is true about Pradhan?
A. She has had no sense of smell since she was born.
B. She suffers from loss of appetite through lack of smell sense.
C. She has something wrong with her stomach.
D. She is looking for a roommate to share the cost.
5. What can we infer from what Beverly Cowart said?
A. People with a smell problem have no food tastes.
B. Different food tastes the same for people of smell loss.
C. Lack of smell sense makes eating a dull experience.
D. People feel hungry easily for lack of smell sense.
6. When eating out, Pradhan ________.
A. feels left out sometimes B. often has a good appetite
C. pretends to have good smell sense D. has a sense of being full quickly
7. What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. Pradhan may be right. B. Pradhan may be foolish.
C. Pradhan may be crazy. D. Pradhan may be forgettable.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了21岁的女大学生Pradhan因缺乏嗅觉而食欲不振，她还认为记忆力也因此下降了。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“That’s because she isn’t able to smell.”及“But there came a point where she lost interest in food.”可知，她因缺乏嗅觉而食欲不振，故B项正确。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When you lose your sense of smell, your whole sense of food flavors changed and reduced”可知，当你失去嗅觉时，你对食物全部的味觉都变了，降低了，也就是说缺乏嗅觉使吃东西变得枯燥无味，故C项正确。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I think this could use a little bit more flavor,’ or ‘I think this has a hint of meat,’ I can’t really participate in those conversations,”可知，当Pradhan出去吃饭时，不会参与到対食物的评论中，由此可知，她有时会感觉被遗忘，故A项正确。
【7题详解】
句意理解题。上文说Pradhan认为缺乏味觉可能会影响他的记忆力，根据画线部分后的“When smell signals come in, you feel about them first. And then you think about it and then the memory is laid down.”可知，当气味信号进来时，你首先感觉到它们，然后你想了想，记忆就沉淀下来，由此可知画线部分说的是“Pradhan是对的”，故A项正确。
【点睛】句意理解题的难度很大，理解画线部分的上下文是关键，例如本篇第4题，上文说Pradhan认为缺乏味觉可能会影响她的记忆力，画线部分后的“When smell signals come in, you feel about them first. And then you think about it and then the memory is laid down.”是对画线部分的解释说明，即：当气味信号进来时，你首先感觉到它们，然后你想了想，记忆就沉淀下来，由此可知画线部分说的是“Pradhan是对的”。
C
As a little girl growing up in the early 1960s in a suburb of Pittsburgh, it was not always easy to find role models, But I was lucky. In my childhood, I knew smart, strong women who had accomplished much, one of whom invented the world’s first computer compiler (编译器).
Recently, though, I learned about a role model who was right under my nose—my own mother.
Growing up, I knew she had worked as a secretary before I was born. I knew that she had joined the WAVES—the Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service branch of the U.S. Naval Reserve (海军预备队)—during World War Ⅱ. And I knew she’d worked in an office that was involved with codes (编码). But when she talked about it—rare, because she had been sworn to secrecy—she described her duties as ordinary, routine. I never questioned it. After all, the woman I knew was a reserved suburban mom.
Not long ago, a chance conversation with a colleague led me to the book, Code Girls. It tells the story of the WAVES, who decrypted (解码) and encrypted secret messages during the war. They worked around the clock, knowing that the lives of tens of thousands of soldiers—their brothers, husbands, fathers—were on the line.
Inspired, I began a journey to explore the mystery of my mother’s service that continues to this day. I got some of her working records about her unit, OP19. In two years, she was promoted three times. She was no secretary, and her duties were hardly ordinary.
My mother always encouraged my interest in science and insisted to my father that I go to college. “You’re going to grow up to be another Madame Curie,” she told me. She was always pointing at other women. She did not see herself as someone to model on. Neither did I. Now I see her differently.
8. Why didn’t the author’s mother tell the truth about her job?
A. She was afraid of being fired by her company.
B. She thought her job was just unremarkable.
C. She thought secretary was better than her real job.
D. She knew well what to be expected of her career.
9. Which of the following words can best describe the authors mother?
A. Devoted and faithful. B. Ambitious and reserved.
C. Cooperative and sincere. D. Hardworking and skeptical.
10. What can we learn from the text?
A. The author doubted her mother’s job when she was a child.
B. The author’s mother saw herself as an example to follow.
C. Code Girls’ job is more important than that of the soldiers.
D. Code Girls inspired the author to learn more of her mother.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Code Girls, My Favourite Book.
B. Mom, My Real Role Model.
C. The OP19, A Buried Secret.
D. WAVES, A Mysterious Organization.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了《密码女孩》让作者开始了一段探索妈妈的工作之旅，作者发现原来自己的妈妈就是眼皮子底下的榜样。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“because she had been sworn to secrecy—she described her duties as ordinary, routine.”可知，妈妈曾发誓要保守秘密，所以她把工作描述为普通的例行公事，也就是说妈妈很清楚自己的工作性质，故D项正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。第二段说妈妈一直遵守誓言，保守工作秘密，她把工作描述为普通的例行公事，可见她很忠诚，根据第三段中的“They worked around the clock”可知，她和其他密码工作者一样日以及日地工作，可见她很有献身精神，故A项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Inspired, I began a journey to explore the mystery of my mother’s service that continues to this day.”可知，受《密码女孩》的鼓舞，作者开始了一段探索妈妈神秘的工作之旅，也就是说《密码女孩》的鼓舞作者了解更多关于妈妈的事情，故D项正确。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“Recently, though, I learned about a role model who was right under my nose—my own mother.”可知，本文主要讲述了作者眼皮子底下的榜样——她的妈妈，故B项正确。
【点睛】文章标题题难度较大，需要准确把握文章的主题句，例如本篇第4题，文章开篇就提到“role models”，紧接着在第二段“Recently, though, I learned about a role model who was right under my nose—my own mother.”说原来母亲就是自己眼皮子底下的榜样，故B.项Mom, My Real Role Model作标题最能概括出文章内容。
D
Many Americans think of driverless cars as a futuristic technology that will revolutionize travel in cities and along state highways. But recent experiments are proving that autonomous vehicles also have the potential to improve the quality of life for millions of Americans underserved by traditional ways of transportation, such as the elderly and disabled, so long as lawmakers make smart policies that pave the way for innovation.
A retirement community in San Jose, Calif, which has been transformed by a small fleet (车队) of driverless taxis, shows the potential of self-driving cars to transform people’s lives. Built by a tech start-up called Voyage, the modified (被改进的) Ford Fusions are currently limited to a two-mile road, but residents are already having the benefits of these autonomous vehicles, which allow them to participate in social activities they would otherwise be unable to enjoy simply because they could not get to them.
When the trial run finally expands to 15 miles of road, these residents—whose average age is 76—will also have a convenient and reliable new way to appointments. As these cars continue to serve residents there, it is easy to understand why California is moving to simplify regulations for the industry.
In Michigan, forward-thinking policies have the potential to unlock other hidden benefits of autonomous vehicles, especially for those with physical disability. The Michigan Disability Rights Coalition has strongly advocated for the development of this technology, saying that it could give people with disabilities greater opportunities in the workforce and enable them to lead more fulfilling (满意的), independent lives.
Many recognize that autonomous vehicles will be the future of transportation, but it is too often overlooked that this future cannot arrive fast enough for millions of Americans who are forced to depend on others for day-to-day travel. The policymakers should follow the lead of places like California and Michigan, and pass rules and regulations to unlock these hidden benefits of driverless cars.
12. What’s the attitude of most American people to the future of autonomous vehicles?
A. uncertain B. optimistic
C. indifferent D. doubtful
13. What is the modified Ford Fusion?
A. A kind of autonomous vehicle. B. The name of a retirement community.
C. The collection of social activities. D. A two-mile road for self-driving cars.
14. Examples are given in the third and fourth paragraphs to prove ________.
A. how driverless technology benefits the aged and disabled
B. why driverless cars are restricted in many states in America
C. what are preventing the development of the technology
D. when driverless cars can enter people’s life eventually
15. What does the author attempt to inform us in the last paragraph?
A. The concept of autonomous vehicles has been widely recognized.
B. Regulations should go hand in hand with driverless technology.
C. The benefits of driverless cars have been fully unlocked.
D. The weak groups are often overlooked despite technology advances.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了试验表明自动驾驶技术能够改善人们的生活质量，同时还指出监管应该与自动驾驶技术携手并进。
【12题详解】
观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Many Americans think of driverless cars as a futuristic technology that will revolutionize travel in cities and along state highways.”可知，大多数美国民众认为自动驾驶技术将改变城市和州高速公路上的交通方式，由此可知，他们对自动驾驶汽车持乐观态度，故B项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the modified (被改进的) Ford Fusions are currently limited to a two-mile road, but residents are already having the benefits of these autonomous vehicles”可知，改良的福特福星目前仅限于行驶两英里，但当地居民已经拥有了这些自动驾驶汽车的好处，由此可知，改良的福特福星一种自动驾驶汽车，故A项正确。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When the trial run finally expands to 15 miles of road, these residents—whose average age is 76—will also have a convenient and reliable new way to appointments.”可知，自动驾驶汽车为76岁的老年人提供了一个方便可靠的预约；根据第四段中的“unlock other hidden benefits of autonomous vehicles, especially for those with physical disability.”可知，自动驾驶汽车对残疾人有潜在的好处，由此可知第三、四段的例子就是为了证明自动驾驶技术会使老年人和残疾人受益，故A项正确。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The policymakers should follow the lead of places like California and Michigan, and pass rules and regulations to unlock these hidden benefits of driverless cars.”可知，政策制定者应该效仿加州和密歇根州的做法，通过规章制度释放自动驾驶技术的好处，由此可知，作者想告诉我们监管应该与自动驾驶技术携手并进，故B项正确。
【点睛】关于举例证明的题型抓住段落主题句是关键，说明文的段落主题句一般在每段的段首，例如本篇第3题，根据第三段第一句“When the trial run finally expands to 15 miles of road, these residents—whose average age is 76—will also have a convenient and reliable new way to appointments.”可知，自动驾驶汽车为76岁的老年人提供了一个方便可靠的预约；根据第四段第一句“…unlock other hidden benefits of autonomous vehicles, especially for those with physical disability.”可知，自动驾驶汽车对残疾人有潜在的好处，由此可知，第三、四段的例子就是为了证明自动驾驶技术会使老年人和残疾人受益。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
What attitude would you have to disappointments in life? ___16___ Find out how a chair, a pair of sunglasses and other items can hold unexpected promise for controlling your anger.
1. ___17___
There’s a reason you’ve probably never gotten into an angry state of mind from a chair. W. Robert Nay, a clinical professor, says, “Our brains become conditioned to associate sitting and lying down with feeling relaxed.” That’s why it’s so easy to fall asleep on an airplane. Sitting down, Nay says, sends a message of safety and security to your brain.
2. Don’t get mad; get organized.
A study of nearly 11,000 subjects in 42 countries found that the key to hold back anger is preventing it in the first place. Spending a few minutes every morning to map out your day will go far in lowering anger and anxiety levels. The theory: ___18___
3. Keep your cool with a pair of shades.
Research in the journal Cognition & Emotion (情绪) found that when people walk in direct sun without sunglasses, the light causes them to feel depressed. ___19___ Study co-author Daniele Marzoli suggests seeking shade during heated exchanges: “Compared outdoor, indoor conversations have more friendly interactions.”
4. Handle anger in a sensible way.
We are busy working all day as if running a car on the high way. But remember: remind yourself to brake at any time in case of sudden crash. When you’ re in anger, say to yourself, “Why am I angry? Is it necessary?” ___20___ It’s useful to handle problems.
A. Take a seat right now.
B. Don’t be an angry bird.
C. Well begun is half done.
D. You’re suddenly a crazy angry person.
E. Effective time management keeps you on track, avoiding stress.
F. When attention is transferred, blind emotion will be controlled.
G. Those who walked unshaded against the rays had increased aggressiveness scores.
【答案】16. B 17. A
18. E 19. G
20. F
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何控制愤怒情绪的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据本空后的“Find out how a chair, a pair of sunglasses and other items can hold unexpected promise for controlling your anger.”可知，看看一把椅子、一副太阳镜以及其他的东西时如何出人意料地帮助你控制愤怒的，此处是说不要做一个愤怒的人，故B项（不要做一只愤怒的小鸟）符合语境。
【17题详解】
根据本段中的“Sitting down, Nay says, sends a message of safety and security to your brain.”可知，坐下来会向你的大脑传递一种安全和保障的信息，本段讲的是坐下来对控制愤怒的好处，故A项（马上坐下来）符合语境。
【18题详解】
根据本空前的“Spending a few minutes every morning to map out your day will go far in lowering anger and anxiety levels.”可知，每天早晨花几分钟规划你的一天会大大降低愤怒和焦虑的水平，故E项（有效的时间安排能让你保持正轨，避免压力）符合语境。
【19题详解】
根据本空前的“when people walk in direct sun without sunglasses, the light causes them to feel depressed”可知，不戴太阳镜走在阳光下，阳光会让他们沮丧，此处承接上文，讲的还是光线对人们情绪的影响，故G项（那些走路没有遮挡阳光的人攻击性得分更高）符合语境。
【20题详解】
根据本空前的“When you’re in anger, say to yourself, “Why am I angry? Is it necessary?””可知，愤怒时，问自己“我为什么发怒？有必要么？”，由此可知，此处是说利用转移注意力的方法来控制愤怒，故F项（当注意力转移时，盲目的情绪就会被控制）符合语境。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完型填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As my husband, Doug, stood on the busy New York city street to stop a taxi, I tried to protect my daughter from the cold December wind and rain. I put my head down to kiss her ___21___face.
Frustrated and wet, my husband gave up his attempt to hail a taxi. I knew the feeling. Just after her first birthday, we were told our daughter Katie has a ___22___ brain illness. Since that moment, Doung and I felt like ___23___ in a marathon race where the finish line kept disappearing. We knew Katie was running out of ___24___. It had taken months before we finally had a name for the ___25___, but we were told only a few specialists in the world knew how to ___26___ it. Now, as we finally found a brilliant doctor to ___27___ our girl, we were in a strange city in the cold rain.
Just at the moment, a middle-aged woman ___28___ and said, “Pardon me? May I offer you a(n) ___29___?
Before we could say ____30____, she continued, “It’s really no ____31____ for me. Just get in.”
It was then that I noticed her thick Irish ____32____, which ____33____ me up like hot soup. We ____34____ said, “Thanks! Roosevelt Hospital, please,” as we got in her car for the ride.
“Are you going for the baby?” she asked us.
I nodded my head, holding back my ____35____.
At the hospital, we ____36____ her a dozen times for the ride. As the woman hugged me, I noticed her face was ____37____ with tears. She promised to pray for us before she left.
After three more visits to New York and two more ____38____ surgeries (手术), Katie is cured. But the voice of the Irish Angel still rang as a constant ____39____ of a tiny ray of light that appeared in our ____40____ days.
21. A. smiling B. tiny C. round D. beautiful
22. A. rare B. simple C. normal D. natural
23. A. passers-by B. judges C. lawyers D. runners
24. A. money B. confidence C. time D. courage
25. A. race B. illness C. doctor D. challenge
26. A. fix B. check C. reach D. explain
27. A. protect B. meet C. encourage D. save
28. A. pulled over B. put up C. turned down D. stood by
29. A. ride B. seat C. car D. umbrella
30. A. nothing B. anyone C. anything D. someone
31. A. difference B. question C. trouble D. loss
32. A. appearance B. accent C. custom D. hair
33. A. picked B. called C. warmed D. woke
34. A. normally B. simply C. angrily D. regularly
35. A. tears B. anger C. smile D. surprise
36. A. respected B. praised C. thanked D. accepted
37. A. annoyed B. disappointed C. happy D. wet
38. A. eye B. brain C. kidney D. heart
39. A. warning B. effort C. reminder D. exercise
40. A. busiest B. luckiest C. happiest D. darkest
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者夫妇在一个雨天里打不到车为女儿看病，一个好心的爱尔兰妇女主动把他们送到了医院，她的声音始终提醒着作者：在生活中最黑暗的日子里，也曾出现过一缕微光。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. smiling微笑的；B. tiny小的；C. round圆的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据上文中的“my daughter”可知，我亲吻女儿的小脸，故B项正确。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. rare罕见的、稀少的；B. simple简单的；C. normal正常的；D. natural自然的。根据下文把给女儿治病比作一场看不见终点的马拉松可知，女儿得了一种罕见的脑病，故A项正确。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. passers-by路人；B. judges裁判；C. lawyers律师；D. runners赛跑选手。根据本空后的“in a marathon race”可知，为了给女儿看病，我们就像参加马拉松赛跑的选手，故D项正确。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. money金钱；B. confidence自信；C. time时间；D. courage勇气。上文说女儿得了很罕见的脑病，我们知道她的时间已经不多了，故C项正确。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. race 赛跑；B. illness疾病； C. doctor医生；D. challenge挑战。这种病是极为罕见的，我们花了好几个月才确诊这是什么病，但医生告诉我们，世界上只有少数专家才知道如何治疗这种病，故B项正确。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. fix解决（治疗）；B. check检查；C. reach到达；D. explain解释。医生告诉我们，世界上只有少数专家才知道如何治疗这种病，故A项正确。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. protect保护；B. meet会见；C. encourage鼓励；D. save挽救。现在，我们终于找到了一位出色的医生来救女儿的命，故D项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. pulled over路边停车；B. put up张贴；C. turned down调低；D. stood by支持。上文说我们在路上打车，一个中年妇女把车停在路边，主动提出要载我们一程，故A项正确。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. ride载； B. seat座位； C. car车；D. umbrella伞。她主动提出要载我们一程，故A项正确。
【30题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。A. nothing什么也没有；B. anyone任何人； C. anything任何事；D. someone某人。根据本空后的“It’s really no ___11___ for me. Just get in.”可知，我们还没来得及说什么，她又说“上车吧，这对我来说真的不麻烦”，此处指“在我们说任何话之前”，故C项正确。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. difference不同；B. question问题；C. trouble麻烦；D. loss损失。她又说“上车吧，这对我来说真的不麻烦”，故C项正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. appearance外表； B. accent口音；C. custom习俗；D. hair头发。根据本空前的“I noticed her thick Irish”可知，我注意到她浓重的爱尔兰口音，故B项正确。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. picked捡起；B. called打电话； C. warmed温暖；D. woke叫醒。根据本空后的“me up like hot soup”可知，她浓重的爱尔兰口音像热汤一样温暖了我，故C项正确。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. normally正常地；B. simply简单地；C. angrily生气地；D. regularly有规律地。根据本空后的“said, “Thanks! Roosevelt Hospital, please”可知，我们只是简单地说“谢谢，去罗斯福医院”，故B项正确。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. tears泪水；B. anger愤怒；C. smile微笑；D. surprise惊讶。上文说她问去医院是给孩子看病么？这问到了一个母亲的痛处，我强忍住眼泪点了点头，故A项正确。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. respected尊重；B. praised表扬；C. thanked感谢； D. accepted接受。到了医院，我们一再感谢她，故C项正确。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. disappointed失望的；C. happy高兴的；D. wet湿的。当她拥抱我的时候，我注意到她的眼眶也湿润了，wet with tears表示“眼泪汪汪”，故D项正确。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. eye眼睛；B. brain大脑；C. kidney肾脏；D. heart心脏。Katie得的是脑病，自然要做脑部手术，故B项正确。
【39题详解】
A. warning警告； B. effort努力；C. reminder提醒；D. exercise练习。根据本空后的“of a tiny ray of light that appeared in our ___20___ days.”可知，那个爱尔兰天使的声音提醒我们，在我们生活最黑暗的日子里，也曾出现过一缕微光，故C项正确。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. busiest忙碌的；B. luckiest幸运的；C. happiest快乐的；D. darkest黑暗的。在我们生活最黑暗的日子里，也曾出现过一缕微光，故D项正确。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was nine years old when I leant to ride a bike. The bike was a birthday present from my uncle. You can imagine how excited I was when I saw the bike, and I ___41___ (beg) my uncle to teach me how to ride it right away. However, before I got on the bike, I felt ___42___ (extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off and hurt myself. My uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get on the bike. While I was riding, he was running along beside me, holding the seat ___43___ I would not fall over. I was so grateful to him for his help.
As I was practicing, I became more and more confident. Then, I heard my uncle ___44___ (shout), “You are riding it by ___45___ (you) now!” I was both excited and scared. I was really riding by myself, but what if I fell off? Could I use the brakes ___46___ (stop)? As I was wondering about this, my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike. I slowed down and came to ___47___ stop. My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike. ___48___ (late) that day, having learnt how to get on the bike and get off it, I felt like I was walking on air! I am still ___49___ (thank) to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike ___50___ my ninth birthday.
【答案】41. begged
42. extremely
43. so 44. shouting
45. yourself
46. to stop
47. a 48. Later
49. thankful
50. on
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者九岁生日那天叔叔教他骑自行车的故事。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：我央求叔叔教我骑自行车。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故填begged。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：在上自行车之前，我感到非常紧张，怕会掉下来伤到自己。修饰形容词nervous用副词，故填extremely。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：在我骑车的时候，他在我旁边跑着，扶着车座，所以我就不会摔倒。此处表示结果，故填so。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，我听到叔叔大喊“你现在正自己骑呢！”hear sb doing表示“听见某人正在……”，故填shouting。
【45题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意参考上题解析，by oneself表示“独自”，故填yourself。
【46题详解】
考查不定式。句意：我可以刹车么？use …to do…表示“用……做……”，故填to stop。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我减速，停了下来。stop作名词“停止”时是可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填a。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：那天晚些时候，学会了如何上自行车和下自行车，我觉得自己像在空中漫步。later是副词，表示“晚些时候、后来”，故填Later。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我仍然感激叔叔在我九岁生日时教我骑自行车，作表语用形容词，故填thankful。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意参考上题解析，on one’s birthday表示“在某人生日那天”，故填on。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As we all know, questioning can lead to searching for an answer. If we are in the habit raising doubts as to whether that we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.
Two years ago, our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class. Although the answer seemed a little strange, but nobody except me doubted it. Think that his answer might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work them out in a different way. Half a hour later, I managed to find the correct answer. When I showed my answer to him, the teacher praised me as my independently thinking.
From this experiences, I have learned that questioning can serve as a bridge that help us to seek the truth.
【答案】habit后面加上of
that→what
去掉but
Think→Thinking
them→it
a→an
as→for
imdependently→independent
experiences→experience
help→helps
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过一次质疑老师答案的经历认识到质疑可以作为一个桥梁，帮助我们寻求真理。
【详解】第一处：考查介词。句意：如果我们养成了质疑别人告诉我们的东西是否是正确的习惯，我们能够找到正确的答案，并且能学到更多。the habit of表示“……的习惯”，故在habit后面加上of。
第二处：考查宾语从句。句意参考上题解析，分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，从句中told缺少宾语，故that改为what。
第三处：考查连词。句意：尽管答案似乎有点奇怪，但除了我，没有人质疑。前面已经有although，不能再用but，故删掉but。
第四处：考查非谓语动词。句意：想到他的答案可能是错的，我仔细分析了这道题并尝试用另一种方法解决它。Think与I之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作原因状语，故Think改为Thinking。
第五处：考查代词。句意参考上题解析，此处指代前面的the problem，故them改为it。
第六处：考查冠词。句意：半个小时后，我设法得出了正确的答案。hour以元音音素开头，故a改为an。
第七处：考查介词。句意：当我把我的答案给他看时，老师表扬了我独立思考的能力。praise sb for表示“因……而表扬某人”，故as改为for。
第八处：考查形容词。句意参考上题解析，修饰名词thinking用形容词，故imdependently改为independent。
第九处：考查名词。句意：从这个经历中，我学到了质疑可以作为一个桥梁，帮助我们寻求真理。This修饰可数名词单数，故experiences改为experience。
第十处：考查主谓一致。句意参考上题解析，定语从句的先行词为a bridge，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故help改为helps。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52.假如你是学生会主席李华，学生会将进行“唐诗宋词朗诵大赛”(Tang and Song Poetry Recitation Contest)，以此弘扬中国悠久文化，特邀请学校国外交换生参加，请你根据提示写一则通知。主要内容包括:
1. 大赛目的和意义；
2. 时间:2018年11月5日。地点:校礼堂；
3. 欢迎国外交换生报名参加。
注意:1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Do you want to have a further knowledge of the treasures of Chinese literature? Here comes your opportunity: the Student Union will organize a Tang and Song Poetry Recitation Contest, which allows us students to enjoy the charm of classical poetry. Meanwhile, the significance of the event lies in developing exchange students’ taste and interest in classical Chinese poetry. I’d like to share with you some details. As scheduled, the contest is to be held on November 5th, 2018. You are supposed to get prepared before the contest. Above all, it’s recommended that you should read Tang and Song poetry, and learn to appreciate the beauty of ancient Chinese culture. Whoever feels interested and has a passion for Chinese culture, please sign up for the contest as soon as possible. If you want to attend it, please come to the school assembly hall.
Don’t hesitate to take part! I’m sure you will benefit a lot and your Chinese will ain much progress.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一则通知。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一则通知：假如你是学生会主席李华，学生会将进行“唐诗宋词朗诵大赛”，以此弘扬中国悠久文化，特邀请学校国外交换生参加，请你根据提示写一则通知。主要内容包括:1. 大赛目的和意义；2. 时间:2018年11月5日。地点:校礼堂；
3. 欢迎国外交换生报名参加。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：Tang and Song Poetry Recitation Contest（唐诗宋词朗诵大赛），charm（魅力），significance（意义），classical（古典的），attend（参加），benefit（受益）及assembly hall（礼堂）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有have a further knowledge of （对……有一个更深的了解），the treasures of Chinese literature（中国文化瑰宝），lie in（在于），share with (与……分享)，be interest in（对……感兴趣），be supposed to（应该）以及sign up（报名），而且还使用了宾语从句“I’m sure you will benefit a lot and your Chinese will ain much progress.”，主语从句“Whoever feels interested and has a passion for Chinese culture, please sign up for the contest as soon as possible.”，状语从句“If you want to attend it, please come to the school assembly hall.”，非限定性定语从句 “the Student Union will organize a Tang and Song Poetry Recitation Contest, which allows us students to enjoy the charm of classical poetry.”，形式主语“Above all, it’s recommended that you should read Tang and Song poetry, and learn to appreciate the beauty of ancient Chinese culture.”，倒装句“Here comes your opportunity”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。