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2019届广东省广州市高三上学期调研测试题（12月第一次模拟考试）英语试题（解析版）
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试卷类型：A
2019届广州市高三年级调研测试
英语
本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Turkey - Yakamoz Hotel
Established 1992
Yakamoz is a small and friendly hotel situated near Fethiye in South-West Turkey. Offering traditional Turkish hospitality, fabulous Mediterranean cuisine, and charming gardens, Yakamoz delights all who enter its gates.
· All rooms have bathrooms and balconies;
· Open April to late October;
· 2019 rates - twin rooms £20 per person - incl. breakfast;
· Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet magazine discount.
www.yakamozhotel.com
Email: infoyakamozhotel.com
Castaways
Specialist tailor-made holidays to Mallorca,
Spain, Madeira, Portugal, The Canary Islands,
Cyprus and France.
* * * * *
Quote Lonely Planet MAGAZINE TO SAVE
£50 per PERSON ON YOUR 2019 HOLIDAY.
* * * * *
01737 812255
www.castaways.co.uk
ONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTURE
The Desert, the Andes and the Amazon on a spectacular 2-week Self Drive guided holiday. Reach locations in South America others can only dream of with Peru Safari.
～ ～ ～ ～ ～
PERU SAFARI
The heart of adventure
～ ～ ～ ～ ～
T: 01744 889819 or
M: 07522 776160
E: infoperusafari.com
W: www.perusafari.com
Rail Holidays of the World
· Discover Peru and Brazil’s cultural highlights by train;
· Explore California by steam and railroad;
· Travel by rail into Eastern Canada’s remote wilderness;
· Take a fabulous rail tour of Australia & New Zealand in early 2019.
Over 40 Years of Unforgettable Rail
Journeys
☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆
FFestingiog Travel
www.ffestingiogtravel.com 0017 512400
1. What is the cost for 2 nights of accommodation for 2 people at the Yakamoz Hotel with the Lonely Planet discount?
A. £88. B. £80.
C. £72. D. £64.
2. Rail holidays are available for ________.
A. North America, Europe and Australia
B. North America, South America and Asia
C. Australia, Asia and Europe
D. North America, South America and Australia
3. How many advertisements offer holidays to Peru?
A. One. B. Two.
C. Three. D. Four.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
本文属于广告，介绍四条旅游线路及宾馆。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一部分2019 rates - twin rooms £20 per person - incl. breakfast; Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet magazine discount.可知，每个人20英镑一晚上，两人两夜共80英镑，10%的优惠，故需付72英镑，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分Discover Peru and Brazil’s cultural highlights by train Explore California by steam and railroad;· Travel by rail into Eastern Canada’s remote wilderness;· Take a fabulous rail tour of Australia & New Zealand in early 2019.可知，该旅行线路经过北美洲、澳大利亚以及南美洲，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三个广告ONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTURE以及第四个广告中Discover Peru and Brazil’s cultural highlights by train可知，提供到秘鲁旅行的有ONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTURE 和Rail Holidays of the World，共计两则广告，故选B。
B
Across the world, studies have consistently found that girls perform significantly better than boys in reading. These studies show that girls typically read more frequently than boys, and have a more positive attitude toward reading.
There are several reasons that help explain these gender-based differences. Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage. Recent research has found even though boys read less frequently than girls, girls still receive more encouragement to read from their parents.
So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys’ reading?
To improve boys’ reading performance, parents and educators may look for ways to connect boys with reading. This has led to discussion about the importance of promoting so-called “boy-friendly” books that boys supposedly “prefer” These are typically assumed to be non-fiction works, as many people believed that boys prefer to read non-fiction.
But this belief is not supported by recent research, which in fact suggests boys are more likely to choose to read fiction than non-fiction. Encouraging all boys to read non-fiction under the mistaken belief that it is their preference may actually be harmful. Fiction readers read more frequently and demonstrate faster language learning and higher language ability.
Besides encouraging more fiction reading, there are a number of ways that we can help connect boys with books. Firstly, don’t assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.
Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling. Girls visit the library in their free time more than boys, and as students move to higher grades they often have less access to libraries during class. Access to books for boys is essential to promote reading.
In addition, we should keep paper books available because research shows that boys are less likely to choose to read on screens than girls. Finally we should promote reading as an enjoyable pastime by being a role model. Let your children or students see you read for pleasure.
4. According to the author, what is the main cause of the difference in boys’ and girls’ reading ability?
A. Social factors.
B. Teaching methods.
C. Personal preferences.
D. Psychological differences.
5. Why does the author recommend that adults regularly talk to boys about reading?
A. To persuade boys to read more often.
B. To learn what boys are most interested in.
C. To help boys improve their language ability.
D. To show that adults are good reading role models.
6. When should schools give students additional library access according to the author?
A. Before and after class.
B. At any time of the school day.
C. At regular times during class.
D. When they are in the lower grades.
7. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To show students ways to improve their reading.
B. To explain why boys are not as good at reading as girls.
C. To urge governments to provide more reading resources.
D. To provide strategies that can help improve boys’ reading ability.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
本文属于科普文，介绍女孩在阅读方面要比男孩做的好，以及背后的原因，提升男孩阅读能力的解决办法。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage.可知，父母与女儿读书的机会更多，同时也给大家传递一条信息，书籍是为女孩提供的，故推断出，出现差异主要原因是社会因素，故选A.
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段Firstly, don’t assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.可知，不要认为同年男孩的兴趣都一样或者兴趣保持不变，因此需要定期和孩子讨论阅读内容，从而知道其兴趣的变化，提供相应的阅读材料，可知这么做的原因是帮助了解孩子的兴趣，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling.可知，学校应该在学年读书期间让孩子能够得以使用图书馆，故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys’ reading?可知，本文主要讲述女孩在阅读方面要比男孩做的好，以及背后的原因，提升男孩阅读能力的解决办法，故选D。
C
“Anything you want, anytime you need it.”
The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day: December 12th, at 12 p.m.. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the same message were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news companies.
One found its way to the desk of Chris Lin, a business reporter at The Post. The card was beautifully designed – a black background with the words printed out in crisp white letters. There was no explanation on the back, just a website address.Chris went to the website. Its style was identical to the card’s and said: “Anytime: Starting Tomorrow.”
The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shopping website like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytime’s marketing had worked – it was a household name before it’d even made a single sale.
When the opening came, that day at noon, the Anytime website suddenly had a single field that read, “What do you want?” All you had to do was type the words into that box, and then specify how quickly you wanted your item delivered: within one, ten, or twenty-four hours.
Bloggers were the first to test the service. And their reviews were glowing. Within weeks, Anytime had become a part of daily life. Nobody used other delivery sites or the post anymore as Anytime was much cheaper and faster.
Chris still wondered what exactly Anytime was. He tried to find out who owned the company, but it was registered in a small country that did not require such information to be made public. He did find some interesting facts, though. Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. A government official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news stories suddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court died in a car accident just days before the case was to begin.
Chris began making a list of all the people who had something terrible happen to them after opposing or criticising Anytime. By lunch, he had more than one hundred examples. Something was definitely wrong. Chris worked on his list the rest of the day, emailing people who could provide more information and looking through newspaper records. After working through the night, an exhausted Chris finally fell asleep at his desk at 4 a.m..
When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stop making trouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.
8. What was on the front of the card sent to Chris Lin?
A. An invitation to a company opening.
B. The website address of a new company.
C. The words “Anytime: Starting tomorrow”.
D. The words “Anything you want, anytime you need it”.
9. Why did the company choose to send the cards to many news reporters?
A. Because it didn’t have enough money for traditional advertising.
B. Because it wanted to attract the reporters as customers.
C. So the reporters would write stories about the new company.
D. So people would find the new company interesting.
10. What did Chris’ s research suggest about Anytime?
A. It may be very dangerous.
B. Its popularity would soon decrease.
C. It was doing business all over the world.
D. It was being widely criticised by journalists.
11. How did Chris feel at the end of the story?
A. Scared that he would get into trouble.
B. Confident that he would find the truth.
C. Nervous about what the company would do.
D. Satisfied that he had discovered the company’s secret.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
本文属于故事，介绍所有新闻记者的电脑桌面上都是关于Anytime的信息，引发了记者们的注意力，让其成为人们话题，同时任何反对Anytime的人都会遭遇到严重麻烦，但是Chris相信自己找到了真相。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一二段“Anything you want, anytime you need it.” The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day: December 12th, at 12 p.m.. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the same message were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news companies.可知，卡片上的信息与电脑屏幕上的信息一致，故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shopping website like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytime’s marketing had worked - it was a household name before it’d even made a single sale.可知，第二天所有的新闻网站和博客都是关于Anytime的内容，让Anytime还没做出销售就很出名了，这么做是为了吸引记者讨论Anytime，为宣传作攻势，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. A government official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news stories suddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court died in a car accident just days before the case was to begin.可知，任何挑战Anytime的人都遇到严重的问题，比如一个批评Anytime逃税的官员被爆出不忠被迫辞职，另外一家把它告到法庭的公司老板在案件开始前遭遇车祸去世，由此可知，挑战Anytime的人会遇到麻烦，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stop making trouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.可知，当电脑屏幕上出现信息的时候，不要再捣乱，他笑了，根本没打算停下来，因为他在往正确的道路上行进，可知Chris相信自己找对了发现真相的方向，故选B。
D
Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris, a small metal cylinder (圆柱体) rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars. It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the room’s three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.
First, the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft, alcohol-soaked cloth. Then it is steamed with pure water. Finally, the 1kg cylinder is returned, carefully, to its resting place.
Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual, but has a purpose. The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and that piece of shining, circular metal is its holiest relic. It is the defining mass (质量)against which all other kilograms are measured. This is the international prototype, or standard, of the kilogram. The IPK, in short.
Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made. They are stored around the world and used to standardise individual nations’ weights and measures systems.
But the days of the IPK, in its current form, are numbered. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement – based on electric current – in order to define the mass of an object. The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned.
“One key reason for doing this work is to provide international security,” says Bureau spokesman Paul Robinson. “If the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed, we would have no reference left for the world’s metric weights system. There would be chaos. The current definition of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder in Paris, after all.”
Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements. “Drug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even billionths of a gram,” says Robinson. “We need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”
12. What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?
A. It’s cared for with great devotion.
B. It’s used in religious ceremonies.
C. It’s beautifully designed and decorated.
D. It’s the most valuable metal in the world.
13. Which of the following best explains “dethroned” underlined in paragraph 5?
A. rebuilt B. removed
C. destroyed D. upgraded
14. What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?
A. To protect the metal cylinder from damage.
B. To make taking measurements more economical.
C. To provide all countries with the same standard.
D. To satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. No more kilos
B. A heavy technology
C. The future of the kilo
D. The history of measures
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍国际公斤原器以及将要被电子类型替代。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the room’s three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.可知，圆柱体被放置在那里差不多一个世纪了，只有当举行开幕式需要技术人员进入清扫的时候，才受到影响，可知这个圆柱体受到极大的保护，故选A。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement - based on electric current - in order to define the mass of an object.可知，国际度量衡局决定将用一个更基础的测量方式来替代这个单一的物理模型，新的测量方式以电流为基础，这可以更好定义一个物体的质量，因而可知，这个仪器将要退役，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements.可知，替换现有的IPK是因为越来越精确测量的需求，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述现有的IPK将要被新的模型替代，以及替代的原因，故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It was the 2015 “super storm” in New South Wales that restored my faith in people.
During a break in the weather, I stupidly decided to drive into town to buy some groceries. However, as I left the supermarket and drove back, the weather took a turn for the worse. ___16___ Having nowhere to go, I spotted a young man in his front yard assessing the situation. He quickly waved to me to come and park in his driveway.___17___.
The man, who introduced himself as Trent, then invited me to wait inside his house with his wife, Kayti and their two daughters. I told him I was concerned about the damage to my car, as the continuing rain was starting to turn into hail (冰雹).Trent then grabbed a blanket from his garage and covered my car. ___18___ Fortunately, his efforts saved my car from being damaged by the hail.
By 11:00 a.m., the electricity and phone services had both gone. ___19___ Trent made me a cup of tea and Kayti gave me a towel to dry myself off. The three of us chatted while waiting for the weather to get better. I learned that Trent had lost his job and was struggling to feed the family.
When the hail stopped, I shook Trent’s hand and kissed Kayti goodbye. ___20___ I was very moved by their kindness and it renewed my faith in people.
As I went out the door, I asked Trent for two of his business cards. My father has since called to offer him a job as a clerk at his company.
A. It began pouring so heavily that I was forced to stop.
B. The couple were so modest as I thanked them for their help.
C. I was surprised that he didn’t ask for anything in return for his assistance.
D. I was grateful to escape the running water that was about to drown my car.
E. I tried driving faster to escape the heavy downpour that was sure to come.
F. As a result, I couldn’t contact my parents, despite knowing they’d be worried.
G. He was wet but he didn’t seem to mind being out in the wild weather on my behalf.
【答案】16. A 17. D
18. G 19. F
20. B
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者在路上遭遇冰雹，被好心的房屋主人收留，没有要求任何回报。
【16题详解】
根据前一句 as I left the supermarket and drove back, the weather took a turn for the worse.可知天气变得糟糕，再根据后一句Having nowhere to go, I spotted a young man in his front yard assessing the situation.可知，没地方可去，看见一个在院子里查看天气，并且向作者招手，A选项，雨下得很大，被迫停车，与下一句承接，切题，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前一句He quickly waved to me to come and park in his driveway.可知，房屋主人朝作者挥手，示意作者把车停在他的私家车道上，D选项，作者为避免车辆被淹没充满感激之情，承接上文，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据前一句Trent then grabbed a blanket from his garage and covered my car.以及后一句Fortunately, his efforts saved my car from being damaged by the hail.可知，Trent从车库拿了一张毯子把车盖住，因此让作者的车避免被冰雹损害，G选项，他全身湿透，但是为我这么做一点也不介意，切题，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据前一句By 11:00 a.m., the electricity and phone services had both gone.可知，由于冰雹，停电，电话也停了，F选项，作者无法联系上自己的家人，前后因果关系，切题，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据后一句I was very moved by their kindness and it renewed my faith in people.可知，作者被夫妇的善意感动，重拾对人的信任，可知，作者对夫妇表示谢意，但是夫妇依然很谦虚，切题，故选B。
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Why study history?
People live in the present. They plan for the ___21___. History, however, is the study of the past. Given all the ___22___ and pressures that come from living in the present and ___23___ what is yet to come, why bother with what has been? Given all the available branches of knowledge, why insist - as most ___24___ systems do - on history? And why urge many students to study even more history than they are ___25___ to?
Any subject of study needs ___26___: supporters must explain why it is worth ___27___. Like most widely accepted ___28___, history attracts people who simply ___29___ the information and modes of thought involved. But for people who are less interested in the subject and more ___30___ about why they should bother with it, a clearer explanation of its purpose is required.
___31___ do not perform heart transplants, improve highway design, or arrest criminals. In a society that quite correctly expects education to serve ___32___ purposes, history’s functions can seem more difficult to ___33___ than those of engineering or medicine. History is in fact very useful, actually ___34___, but the products of historical study are often less ___35___ and immediate than those of other subjects.
History helps us understand people, societies and how they ___36___. For example, how can we ___37___ past wars (and future threats) without using historical materials? Unfortunately, major aspects of a society’s operation cannot be set up as precise experiments. ___38___, history must serve, however imperfectly, as our ___39___, helping us understand who we are and why we do what we do. This, fundamentally, is why we cannot ___40___ history.
21. A. process B. result C. future D. environment
22. A. causes B. demands C. choices D. orders
23. A. avoiding B. fearing C. celebrating D. anticipating
24. A. financial B. social C. educational D. political
25. A. required B. invited C. forced D. permitted
26. A. direction B. exploration C. justification D. revolution
27. A. assessment B. attention C. expectation D. mention
28. A. subjects B. concepts C. topics D. concerns
29. A. provide B. receive C. share D. like
30. A. doubtful B. worried C. thoughtful D. certain
31. A. Supporters B. Historians C. Audiences D. Teachers
32. A. public B. multiple C. different D. useful
33. A. define B. expect C. satisfy D. ignore
34. A. optional B. attractive C. accessible D. essential
35. A. valuable B. interesting C. obvious D. instructive
36. A. imagine B. behave C. fight D. fade
37. A. prevent B. remember C. evaluate D. declare
38. A. Consequently B. Alternatively C. Fortunately D. Admittedly
39. A. library B. laboratory C. clinic D. museum
40. A. make up for B. give in to C. get close to D. stay away from
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
本文属于议论文，讨论学习历史的必要性和意义。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们生活在当下，为将来做计划。A. process进程；B. result结果；C. future未来；D. environment环境。根据本句可知，为未来做计划，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到生活在当下和预测未来的压力和需求，为什么要花时间去考虑过去的事情呢？A. causes原因，事业；B. demands 需求；C. choices选择；D. orders命令。根据本句pressure可知，本句讲述压力和需求，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到生活在当下和预测未来的压力和需求，为什么要花时间去考虑过去的事情呢？A. avoiding避免；B. fearing害怕；C. celebrating庆祝；D. anticipating预测。根据前文They plan for the ___1___.可知，预测未来，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到所有可以获取的知识，为什么要坚持学历史呢？这也是大多数教育体系做的。A. financial金融的；B. social社会的；C. educational教育的；D. political政治的。根据后文可知，讲述学生学历史的必要性，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么要敦促学生学习超过他们需要的历史知识呢？A. required需要，要求；B. invited邀请；C. forced被迫；D. permitted允许 。根据文章可知，本文强调学习历史的重要性，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何一门学科的学习都需要学习它的正当理由。A. direction方向；B. exploration探索；C. justification辩解；D. revolution革命。本段主要分析学习一门学科的必要性，必须要有正当理由，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：支持的人必须要解释为什么值得注意。A. assessment评估；B. attention注意力；C. expectation期待；D. mention提及。根据前一句可知，学科学习都有其正当理由，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：像大多数被接受的学科一样，历史吸引着那些喜欢历史信息和涉及到思维模式的人。A. subject学科；B. concepts概念；C. topics 话题；D. concerns担忧。根据文章可知，历史与其他学科有共同之处，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像大多数被接受的学科一样，历史吸引着那些喜欢历史信息和涉及到思维模式的人。A. provide提供；B. receive接收；C. share分享；D. like喜欢。根据文章可知，本句讲述支持历史的人的原因，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是对于不怎么感兴趣人以及怀疑为什么要学历史的人来说，一个清晰的目的解释就很有必要了。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. worried担忧的；C. thoughtful沉思的；D. certain确定的。本句讲述不喜欢这么学科的人的特点，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：历史学家不做心脏移植手术，不会改进高速路的设计，也不会逮捕罪犯。A. Supporters支持者；B. Historians历史学家；C. Audiences听众；D. Teachers教师。根据后文可知，本段讲述历史的必要性，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个非常准确地期望教育为有用的目的服务，历史的功能较工程学或者医学似乎很难让人定义。A. public公共的；B. multiple多样的；C. different不同的；D. useful有用的。根据文章可知，本句讲述历史与其他学科的比较，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个非常准确地期望教育为有用的目的服务，历史的功能较工程学或者医学似乎很难让人定义。A. define定义； B. expect期望；C. satisfy满意；D. ignore忽视。根据文章可知，本句讲述历史与其他学科的比较，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：历史是非常有用的，甚至是必不可少的，但是历史学研究的成果与其他学科相比没那么明显，那么立竿见影。A. optional选择的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. accessible可接近的；D. essential必不可少的。本句讲述历史的价值，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：历史是非常有用的，甚至是必不可少的，但是历史学研究的成果与其他学科相比没那么明显，那么立竿见影。A. valuable有价值的；B. interesting有趣的；C. obvious明显的；D. instructive有教育意义的。本句讲述历史的价值，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史帮助我们理解人类和社会，以及是怎样运行的。A. imagine想象；B. behave表现；C. fight反抗；D. fade褪色。根据文章可知，历史让我们理解人类社会发展的规律，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果不用历史资料，我们怎么评估过去的战争或者将来的威胁呢？A. prevent阻止；B. remember回忆；C. evaluate评估；D. declare声称。本句讲述历史的意义，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，尽管历史多么的不完美，必需要充当实验室，帮助我们理解我们是谁，我们做一些事情的理由。A. Consequently因此；B. Alternatively或者；C. Fortunately幸运的是；D. Admittedly必须要承认的是。分析前后句可知，前后句属于因果关系，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，尽管历史多么的不完美，必需要充当实验室，帮助我们理解我们是谁，我们做一些事情的理由。A. library图书馆；B. laboratory实验室；C. clinic诊所；D. museum博物馆。本句讲述历史的意义和价值，故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从根本上来说，这就是我们不能不学历史的原因。A. make up for弥补；B. give in to 让步；C. get close to靠近； D. stay away from远离，不接近。本句讲述我们必须要学历史的理由，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
A few years ago, after a long morning of sightseeing in New York, my children and I took a rest on a park bench in Central Park.
“Look!” my son said, ___41___ (point) to a nearby rubbish bin. That’s when we saw our first raccoon (浣熊). Quite at home in the big city, he paid us no attention, concentrating only on finding a ___42___ (taste) lunch. He sorted through a few options before coming out with a wrapped sandwich ___43___ (hold) between his paws.
___44___ (surprise), rather than run away, he jumped down and walked casually to a spot on the path, not a metre from ___45___ we sat. The children were spellbound, the raccoon providing better ___46___ (entertain) than any museum. He glanced at us, perhaps checking to see ___47___ we were about to steal his lunch.
___48___ delicate fingers, he peeled back the layers of plastic wrap until the half-eaten sandwich ___49___ (uncover).
Then he surprised us all. Instead of starting his food, he turned to a nearby pool of water and ___50___ (dip) his paws in. With a casual air, he rubbed his paws together underwater for a moment, brushed his fur, then started gracefully picking at his meal.
【答案】41. pointing
42. tasty/tasteful
43. held 44. Surprisingly
45. where 46. entertainment
47. if/whether
48. With 49. was uncovered
50. dipped
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述在中央大公园作者遇到一只在垃圾桶里面寻找食物的浣熊，这只浣熊不怕生人。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“看”，我儿子指着附近的一个垃圾箱说到。分析句子可知，point作状语，与其逻辑主语my son为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式pointing。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在大城市里感到很自在，浣熊根本就没注意我们，专注于寻找自己美味的午餐。修饰名词用形容词，故用tasty或者tasteful。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：小浣熊搜索了一些东西，之后找到了一块包裹着的三明治，两个爪子握着三明治。分析句子可知，hold作后置定语修饰sandwich，与其属于动宾关系，故用过去分词形式held。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：让人惊讶的是，浣熊没有逃跑，而是从垃圾箱上跳下来，很随意地走到路上的一个地方，离我们坐的地方不到一米。分析句子可知，修饰句子用副词，故用surprisingly。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：：让人惊讶的是，浣熊没有逃跑，而是从垃圾箱上跳下来，很随意地走到路上的一个地方，离我们坐的不到一米。分析句子可知，we sat作from的宾语，而从句缺乏地点状语，故用连接副词where。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：孩子们像着了迷一样，因为浣熊给孩子们提供的快乐超过任何一个博物馆。分析句子可知，provide后接宾语，故须名词，故用entertainment。
【47题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：它盯着我们看，好像核实一下我们是否会偷它的东西。分析句子可知，we were about to steal his lunch作see的宾语，从句结构完整，但是结合语境，需要是否的意思，故用if或者whether。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：有灵活的爪子，它把三明治的包装纸退下来，直到吃剩一半的三明治露出来。分析句子可知，因为有灵活的爪子，可以吃到东西，故用With。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：有灵活的爪子，它把三明治的包装纸退下来，直到吃剩一半的三明治露出来。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，uncover与其主语为动宾关系，故用被动语态，陈述过去的事情，故用was uncovered。
【50题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：没有立即开始享用美食，它走到附近的水池，把爪子伸进水里。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，与其主语为主谓关系，再根据and前的动作turned可知，用一般过去时dipped。
【点睛】If和whether用法。两者都可以引导名词性从句，但是用法不一样。
引导宾语从句表示“是否”时，两者常可互换。如：
He didn’t tell me if / whether he would come.（他没有告诉我他是否会来。）
通常用if的场合
★当引导一个否定的宾语从句时，通常用if而不用whether。如：She asked me if Tom didn’t come.（她问我Tom是不是没有来。）
★若是引导条件状语从句，则只能用if（意为“如果”）。
通常用whether的场合
★引导主语从句且放在句首时。如：Whether he will come is still a question.（他是否会来还是个问题。）
注：若在句首使用形式主语it，而将主语从句放在句末，则有时也可用 if 来引导。如：It was not known whether / if he would come.（不知他是否会来。）
★引导表语从句时。如：The question is whether we should go on with the work.（问题是我们是否应该继续进行这项工作。）
★引导宾语从句且放在句首时。如：Whether he is single I don’t know.（他是否单身，我不知道。）
★引导让步状语从句时。如：Whether he agrees or not, I shall do that.（不管他同意与否，我都要那样做。）
★与or连用分别引导两个从句时。如：I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. 我不知道是他错了，还是她错了。
★用于不定式之前时。如：I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.（我真是哭笑不得。）
★用于介词之后时。如：It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.（这取决于信是否来得及时。）
★直接与or not 连用时。如：I will write to you whether or not I can come.（我能不能来，我将写信告诉你。）
小题7，由于引导宾语从句作动词的宾语，既可以用if也可以用whether。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I can well remember an incident that happened on a rain Sunday afternoon. I was waiting for the green lights that a girl of about ten was knocked down by a pass car. The car then drives off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give him first aid, but I joined in without any hesitation. Luckily she was not bad injured and we sent her to the near hospital.
I am proud of what I did for the girl. As member of the society, I am aware of that being responsible is what it takes to make a better community.
【答案】rain→rainy
that→when
pass→passing
drives→drove
him→her
but→and
bad→badly
near→nearest/nearby
As member→As a member
aware of →aware
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者拯救一个被汽车撞倒的小女孩。
【详解】第一处：考查形容词。句意：我依然清晰记得发生在一个下雨周日下午的事件。修饰名词用形容词，故把rain改为rainy。
第二处：考查时间状语从句。句意：我正在等绿灯，突然一个大约十岁的女孩被过往的车辆撞到了。本句为结构be doing sth when正在做某事突然，故把that改为when。
第三处：考查非谓语动词。句意：我正在等绿灯，突然一个大约十岁的女孩被过往的车辆撞到了。修饰名词用形容词，pass与其逻辑主语car为主谓关系，用现在分词形式，故把pass改为passing。
第四处：考查动词时态。句意：然后肇事车辆立马开车走了。分析句子可知，本句陈述过去事情，故把 drives改为drove。
第五处：考查代词。句意：一个男的立刻冲过去给予急救，同时我也毫不犹豫去帮忙。根据文章可知，小女孩被车撞了，需要帮助，故把him改为her。
第六处：考查连词。句意：一个男的立刻冲过去给予急救，同时我也毫不犹豫去帮忙。分析文章可知，是作者和另外的一个人提供帮助，故把but改为and。
第七处：考查副词。句意：幸运的是，她伤的不厉害，我们马上把她送去最近的医院。分析句子可知，修饰动词用副词，故把bad改为badly。
第八处：考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，她伤的不厉害，我们马上把她送去最近的医院。修饰名词用形容词，根据语境可知，小女孩被车撞倒，需要去最近的医院，故把near改为nearest或者nearby。，
第九处：考查冠词。句意：作为社会的一员。Member为可数名词，第一次提及，表示社会的一员，故加a。
第十处：考查介词。句意：我开始意识到，负责任是让我们社区变得更美好需要的东西。Be aware后接从句，不需要介词，故去掉of。
【点睛】Aware的用法。be aware of (+名词、代词、动名词) 意识到；be aware that +从句意识到。
1. He said that the government was quite aware of the problem. 他说政府很清楚这个问题。
2. She was not aware of having done wrong. 她没有意识到做错了事。
3. I am well aware that this is a tough job. 我深知这是一件棘手的工作。
比如改错第十处，由于aware后接从句，故不能用of，去掉of。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.你校英语节组织“你最喜爱的卡通电影人物”英语征文评选。你打算推荐“花木兰”，请你根据以下提示写一篇短文参加评选。
1. 简述木兰代父从军的故事；
2. 你喜欢这一角色的理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文章的开头已为你写好，不计入词数。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I wish to choose Mulan as my favorite cartoon character.
As a famous cartoon character in china, Mulan has enjoyed long lasting popularity among children, teenagers and even adults. Her story has been adapted into movies at home and abroad.
Living in the Wei Dynasty, a time of continuous war, every family was forced to send a man to join the army. However, Mulan’s father was too old to fight, while her brother was too young to join. Thus, Mulan decided to conceal her gender and take her father’s place to join the army. To her credit, she managed to integrate into the army without being recognized and even served better than most of her comrades. After years of fighting, Mulan returned to her hometown and cared for her elderly parents.
I have been fascinated by Mulan since the first time I read her story. With her bravery, sense of responsibility and deep love for her family, she has deeply influenced and greatly inspired me. No other characters are more encouraging than Mulan in my mind.
I would strongly recommend everyone to read Mulan’s story or watch the movie about it.
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于影评，介绍电影花木兰以及喜欢这一角色的理由。
【详解】本文属于影评，介绍电影花木兰以及喜欢这一角色的理由，时态应为一般现在时。第一步确定关键要点如下：①木兰代父从军的故事；②喜欢这一角色的理由。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：join the army（参军），conceal her gender（隐瞒性别），take her father’s place to join the army（替父从军），integrate into the army（融入军队生活），sense of responsibility（责任感）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合演讲稿的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
非谓语动词的使用Living in the Wei Dynasty, a time of continuous war, every family was forced to send a man to join the army.
比较级形式表示最高级含义No other characters are more encouraging than Mulan in my mind.
2019届广州市高三年级调研测试
英语
本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Turkey - Yakamoz Hotel
Established 1992
Yakamoz is a small and friendly hotel situated near Fethiye in South-West Turkey. Offering traditional Turkish hospitality, fabulous Mediterranean cuisine, and charming gardens, Yakamoz delights all who enter its gates.
· All rooms have bathrooms and balconies;
· Open April to late October;
· 2019 rates - twin rooms £20 per person - incl. breakfast;
· Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet magazine discount.
www.yakamozhotel.com
Email: infoyakamozhotel.com
Castaways
Specialist tailor-made holidays to Mallorca,
Spain, Madeira, Portugal, The Canary Islands,
Cyprus and France.
* * * * *
Quote Lonely Planet MAGAZINE TO SAVE
£50 per PERSON ON YOUR 2019 HOLIDAY.
* * * * *
01737 812255
www.castaways.co.uk
ONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTURE
The Desert, the Andes and the Amazon on a spectacular 2-week Self Drive guided holiday. Reach locations in South America others can only dream of with Peru Safari.
～ ～ ～ ～ ～
PERU SAFARI
The heart of adventure
～ ～ ～ ～ ～
T: 01744 889819 or
M: 07522 776160
E: infoperusafari.com
W: www.perusafari.com
Rail Holidays of the World
· Discover Peru and Brazil’s cultural highlights by train;
· Explore California by steam and railroad;
· Travel by rail into Eastern Canada’s remote wilderness;
· Take a fabulous rail tour of Australia & New Zealand in early 2019.
Over 40 Years of Unforgettable Rail
Journeys
☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆
FFestingiog Travel
www.ffestingiogtravel.com 0017 512400
1. What is the cost for 2 nights of accommodation for 2 people at the Yakamoz Hotel with the Lonely Planet discount?
A. £88. B. £80.
C. £72. D. £64.
2. Rail holidays are available for ________.
A. North America, Europe and Australia
B. North America, South America and Asia
C. Australia, Asia and Europe
D. North America, South America and Australia
3. How many advertisements offer holidays to Peru?
A. One. B. Two.
C. Three. D. Four.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
本文属于广告，介绍四条旅游线路及宾馆。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一部分2019 rates - twin rooms £20 per person - incl. breakfast; Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet magazine discount.可知，每个人20英镑一晚上，两人两夜共80英镑，10%的优惠，故需付72英镑，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分Discover Peru and Brazil’s cultural highlights by train Explore California by steam and railroad;· Travel by rail into Eastern Canada’s remote wilderness;· Take a fabulous rail tour of Australia & New Zealand in early 2019.可知，该旅行线路经过北美洲、澳大利亚以及南美洲，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三个广告ONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTURE以及第四个广告中Discover Peru and Brazil’s cultural highlights by train可知，提供到秘鲁旅行的有ONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTURE 和Rail Holidays of the World，共计两则广告，故选B。
B
Across the world, studies have consistently found that girls perform significantly better than boys in reading. These studies show that girls typically read more frequently than boys, and have a more positive attitude toward reading.
There are several reasons that help explain these gender-based differences. Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage. Recent research has found even though boys read less frequently than girls, girls still receive more encouragement to read from their parents.
So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys’ reading?
To improve boys’ reading performance, parents and educators may look for ways to connect boys with reading. This has led to discussion about the importance of promoting so-called “boy-friendly” books that boys supposedly “prefer” These are typically assumed to be non-fiction works, as many people believed that boys prefer to read non-fiction.
But this belief is not supported by recent research, which in fact suggests boys are more likely to choose to read fiction than non-fiction. Encouraging all boys to read non-fiction under the mistaken belief that it is their preference may actually be harmful. Fiction readers read more frequently and demonstrate faster language learning and higher language ability.
Besides encouraging more fiction reading, there are a number of ways that we can help connect boys with books. Firstly, don’t assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.
Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling. Girls visit the library in their free time more than boys, and as students move to higher grades they often have less access to libraries during class. Access to books for boys is essential to promote reading.
In addition, we should keep paper books available because research shows that boys are less likely to choose to read on screens than girls. Finally we should promote reading as an enjoyable pastime by being a role model. Let your children or students see you read for pleasure.
4. According to the author, what is the main cause of the difference in boys’ and girls’ reading ability?
A. Social factors.
B. Teaching methods.
C. Personal preferences.
D. Psychological differences.
5. Why does the author recommend that adults regularly talk to boys about reading?
A. To persuade boys to read more often.
B. To learn what boys are most interested in.
C. To help boys improve their language ability.
D. To show that adults are good reading role models.
6. When should schools give students additional library access according to the author?
A. Before and after class.
B. At any time of the school day.
C. At regular times during class.
D. When they are in the lower grades.
7. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To show students ways to improve their reading.
B. To explain why boys are not as good at reading as girls.
C. To urge governments to provide more reading resources.
D. To provide strategies that can help improve boys’ reading ability.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
本文属于科普文，介绍女孩在阅读方面要比男孩做的好，以及背后的原因，提升男孩阅读能力的解决办法。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage.可知，父母与女儿读书的机会更多，同时也给大家传递一条信息，书籍是为女孩提供的，故推断出，出现差异主要原因是社会因素，故选A.
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段Firstly, don’t assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.可知，不要认为同年男孩的兴趣都一样或者兴趣保持不变，因此需要定期和孩子讨论阅读内容，从而知道其兴趣的变化，提供相应的阅读材料，可知这么做的原因是帮助了解孩子的兴趣，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling.可知，学校应该在学年读书期间让孩子能够得以使用图书馆，故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys’ reading?可知，本文主要讲述女孩在阅读方面要比男孩做的好，以及背后的原因，提升男孩阅读能力的解决办法，故选D。
C
“Anything you want, anytime you need it.”
The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day: December 12th, at 12 p.m.. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the same message were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news companies.
One found its way to the desk of Chris Lin, a business reporter at The Post. The card was beautifully designed – a black background with the words printed out in crisp white letters. There was no explanation on the back, just a website address.Chris went to the website. Its style was identical to the card’s and said: “Anytime: Starting Tomorrow.”
The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shopping website like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytime’s marketing had worked – it was a household name before it’d even made a single sale.
When the opening came, that day at noon, the Anytime website suddenly had a single field that read, “What do you want?” All you had to do was type the words into that box, and then specify how quickly you wanted your item delivered: within one, ten, or twenty-four hours.
Bloggers were the first to test the service. And their reviews were glowing. Within weeks, Anytime had become a part of daily life. Nobody used other delivery sites or the post anymore as Anytime was much cheaper and faster.
Chris still wondered what exactly Anytime was. He tried to find out who owned the company, but it was registered in a small country that did not require such information to be made public. He did find some interesting facts, though. Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. A government official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news stories suddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court died in a car accident just days before the case was to begin.
Chris began making a list of all the people who had something terrible happen to them after opposing or criticising Anytime. By lunch, he had more than one hundred examples. Something was definitely wrong. Chris worked on his list the rest of the day, emailing people who could provide more information and looking through newspaper records. After working through the night, an exhausted Chris finally fell asleep at his desk at 4 a.m..
When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stop making trouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.
8. What was on the front of the card sent to Chris Lin?
A. An invitation to a company opening.
B. The website address of a new company.
C. The words “Anytime: Starting tomorrow”.
D. The words “Anything you want, anytime you need it”.
9. Why did the company choose to send the cards to many news reporters?
A. Because it didn’t have enough money for traditional advertising.
B. Because it wanted to attract the reporters as customers.
C. So the reporters would write stories about the new company.
D. So people would find the new company interesting.
10. What did Chris’ s research suggest about Anytime?
A. It may be very dangerous.
B. Its popularity would soon decrease.
C. It was doing business all over the world.
D. It was being widely criticised by journalists.
11. How did Chris feel at the end of the story?
A. Scared that he would get into trouble.
B. Confident that he would find the truth.
C. Nervous about what the company would do.
D. Satisfied that he had discovered the company’s secret.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
本文属于故事，介绍所有新闻记者的电脑桌面上都是关于Anytime的信息，引发了记者们的注意力，让其成为人们话题，同时任何反对Anytime的人都会遭遇到严重麻烦，但是Chris相信自己找到了真相。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一二段“Anything you want, anytime you need it.” The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day: December 12th, at 12 p.m.. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the same message were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news companies.可知，卡片上的信息与电脑屏幕上的信息一致，故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shopping website like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytime’s marketing had worked - it was a household name before it’d even made a single sale.可知，第二天所有的新闻网站和博客都是关于Anytime的内容，让Anytime还没做出销售就很出名了，这么做是为了吸引记者讨论Anytime，为宣传作攻势，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. A government official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news stories suddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court died in a car accident just days before the case was to begin.可知，任何挑战Anytime的人都遇到严重的问题，比如一个批评Anytime逃税的官员被爆出不忠被迫辞职，另外一家把它告到法庭的公司老板在案件开始前遭遇车祸去世，由此可知，挑战Anytime的人会遇到麻烦，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stop making trouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.可知，当电脑屏幕上出现信息的时候，不要再捣乱，他笑了，根本没打算停下来，因为他在往正确的道路上行进，可知Chris相信自己找对了发现真相的方向，故选B。
D
Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris, a small metal cylinder (圆柱体) rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars. It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the room’s three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.
First, the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft, alcohol-soaked cloth. Then it is steamed with pure water. Finally, the 1kg cylinder is returned, carefully, to its resting place.
Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual, but has a purpose. The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and that piece of shining, circular metal is its holiest relic. It is the defining mass (质量)against which all other kilograms are measured. This is the international prototype, or standard, of the kilogram. The IPK, in short.
Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made. They are stored around the world and used to standardise individual nations’ weights and measures systems.
But the days of the IPK, in its current form, are numbered. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement – based on electric current – in order to define the mass of an object. The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned.
“One key reason for doing this work is to provide international security,” says Bureau spokesman Paul Robinson. “If the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed, we would have no reference left for the world’s metric weights system. There would be chaos. The current definition of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder in Paris, after all.”
Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements. “Drug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even billionths of a gram,” says Robinson. “We need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”
12. What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?
A. It’s cared for with great devotion.
B. It’s used in religious ceremonies.
C. It’s beautifully designed and decorated.
D. It’s the most valuable metal in the world.
13. Which of the following best explains “dethroned” underlined in paragraph 5?
A. rebuilt B. removed
C. destroyed D. upgraded
14. What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?
A. To protect the metal cylinder from damage.
B. To make taking measurements more economical.
C. To provide all countries with the same standard.
D. To satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. No more kilos
B. A heavy technology
C. The future of the kilo
D. The history of measures
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍国际公斤原器以及将要被电子类型替代。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the room’s three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.可知，圆柱体被放置在那里差不多一个世纪了，只有当举行开幕式需要技术人员进入清扫的时候，才受到影响，可知这个圆柱体受到极大的保护，故选A。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement - based on electric current - in order to define the mass of an object.可知，国际度量衡局决定将用一个更基础的测量方式来替代这个单一的物理模型，新的测量方式以电流为基础，这可以更好定义一个物体的质量，因而可知，这个仪器将要退役，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements.可知，替换现有的IPK是因为越来越精确测量的需求，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述现有的IPK将要被新的模型替代，以及替代的原因，故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It was the 2015 “super storm” in New South Wales that restored my faith in people.
During a break in the weather, I stupidly decided to drive into town to buy some groceries. However, as I left the supermarket and drove back, the weather took a turn for the worse. ___16___ Having nowhere to go, I spotted a young man in his front yard assessing the situation. He quickly waved to me to come and park in his driveway.___17___.
The man, who introduced himself as Trent, then invited me to wait inside his house with his wife, Kayti and their two daughters. I told him I was concerned about the damage to my car, as the continuing rain was starting to turn into hail (冰雹).Trent then grabbed a blanket from his garage and covered my car. ___18___ Fortunately, his efforts saved my car from being damaged by the hail.
By 11:00 a.m., the electricity and phone services had both gone. ___19___ Trent made me a cup of tea and Kayti gave me a towel to dry myself off. The three of us chatted while waiting for the weather to get better. I learned that Trent had lost his job and was struggling to feed the family.
When the hail stopped, I shook Trent’s hand and kissed Kayti goodbye. ___20___ I was very moved by their kindness and it renewed my faith in people.
As I went out the door, I asked Trent for two of his business cards. My father has since called to offer him a job as a clerk at his company.
A. It began pouring so heavily that I was forced to stop.
B. The couple were so modest as I thanked them for their help.
C. I was surprised that he didn’t ask for anything in return for his assistance.
D. I was grateful to escape the running water that was about to drown my car.
E. I tried driving faster to escape the heavy downpour that was sure to come.
F. As a result, I couldn’t contact my parents, despite knowing they’d be worried.
G. He was wet but he didn’t seem to mind being out in the wild weather on my behalf.
【答案】16. A 17. D
18. G 19. F
20. B
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者在路上遭遇冰雹，被好心的房屋主人收留，没有要求任何回报。
【16题详解】
根据前一句 as I left the supermarket and drove back, the weather took a turn for the worse.可知天气变得糟糕，再根据后一句Having nowhere to go, I spotted a young man in his front yard assessing the situation.可知，没地方可去，看见一个在院子里查看天气，并且向作者招手，A选项，雨下得很大，被迫停车，与下一句承接，切题，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前一句He quickly waved to me to come and park in his driveway.可知，房屋主人朝作者挥手，示意作者把车停在他的私家车道上，D选项，作者为避免车辆被淹没充满感激之情，承接上文，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据前一句Trent then grabbed a blanket from his garage and covered my car.以及后一句Fortunately, his efforts saved my car from being damaged by the hail.可知，Trent从车库拿了一张毯子把车盖住，因此让作者的车避免被冰雹损害，G选项，他全身湿透，但是为我这么做一点也不介意，切题，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据前一句By 11:00 a.m., the electricity and phone services had both gone.可知，由于冰雹，停电，电话也停了，F选项，作者无法联系上自己的家人，前后因果关系，切题，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据后一句I was very moved by their kindness and it renewed my faith in people.可知，作者被夫妇的善意感动，重拾对人的信任，可知，作者对夫妇表示谢意，但是夫妇依然很谦虚，切题，故选B。
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Why study history?
People live in the present. They plan for the ___21___. History, however, is the study of the past. Given all the ___22___ and pressures that come from living in the present and ___23___ what is yet to come, why bother with what has been? Given all the available branches of knowledge, why insist - as most ___24___ systems do - on history? And why urge many students to study even more history than they are ___25___ to?
Any subject of study needs ___26___: supporters must explain why it is worth ___27___. Like most widely accepted ___28___, history attracts people who simply ___29___ the information and modes of thought involved. But for people who are less interested in the subject and more ___30___ about why they should bother with it, a clearer explanation of its purpose is required.
___31___ do not perform heart transplants, improve highway design, or arrest criminals. In a society that quite correctly expects education to serve ___32___ purposes, history’s functions can seem more difficult to ___33___ than those of engineering or medicine. History is in fact very useful, actually ___34___, but the products of historical study are often less ___35___ and immediate than those of other subjects.
History helps us understand people, societies and how they ___36___. For example, how can we ___37___ past wars (and future threats) without using historical materials? Unfortunately, major aspects of a society’s operation cannot be set up as precise experiments. ___38___, history must serve, however imperfectly, as our ___39___, helping us understand who we are and why we do what we do. This, fundamentally, is why we cannot ___40___ history.
21. A. process B. result C. future D. environment
22. A. causes B. demands C. choices D. orders
23. A. avoiding B. fearing C. celebrating D. anticipating
24. A. financial B. social C. educational D. political
25. A. required B. invited C. forced D. permitted
26. A. direction B. exploration C. justification D. revolution
27. A. assessment B. attention C. expectation D. mention
28. A. subjects B. concepts C. topics D. concerns
29. A. provide B. receive C. share D. like
30. A. doubtful B. worried C. thoughtful D. certain
31. A. Supporters B. Historians C. Audiences D. Teachers
32. A. public B. multiple C. different D. useful
33. A. define B. expect C. satisfy D. ignore
34. A. optional B. attractive C. accessible D. essential
35. A. valuable B. interesting C. obvious D. instructive
36. A. imagine B. behave C. fight D. fade
37. A. prevent B. remember C. evaluate D. declare
38. A. Consequently B. Alternatively C. Fortunately D. Admittedly
39. A. library B. laboratory C. clinic D. museum
40. A. make up for B. give in to C. get close to D. stay away from
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
本文属于议论文，讨论学习历史的必要性和意义。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们生活在当下，为将来做计划。A. process进程；B. result结果；C. future未来；D. environment环境。根据本句可知，为未来做计划，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到生活在当下和预测未来的压力和需求，为什么要花时间去考虑过去的事情呢？A. causes原因，事业；B. demands 需求；C. choices选择；D. orders命令。根据本句pressure可知，本句讲述压力和需求，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到生活在当下和预测未来的压力和需求，为什么要花时间去考虑过去的事情呢？A. avoiding避免；B. fearing害怕；C. celebrating庆祝；D. anticipating预测。根据前文They plan for the ___1___.可知，预测未来，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到所有可以获取的知识，为什么要坚持学历史呢？这也是大多数教育体系做的。A. financial金融的；B. social社会的；C. educational教育的；D. political政治的。根据后文可知，讲述学生学历史的必要性，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么要敦促学生学习超过他们需要的历史知识呢？A. required需要，要求；B. invited邀请；C. forced被迫；D. permitted允许 。根据文章可知，本文强调学习历史的重要性，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何一门学科的学习都需要学习它的正当理由。A. direction方向；B. exploration探索；C. justification辩解；D. revolution革命。本段主要分析学习一门学科的必要性，必须要有正当理由，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：支持的人必须要解释为什么值得注意。A. assessment评估；B. attention注意力；C. expectation期待；D. mention提及。根据前一句可知，学科学习都有其正当理由，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：像大多数被接受的学科一样，历史吸引着那些喜欢历史信息和涉及到思维模式的人。A. subject学科；B. concepts概念；C. topics 话题；D. concerns担忧。根据文章可知，历史与其他学科有共同之处，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像大多数被接受的学科一样，历史吸引着那些喜欢历史信息和涉及到思维模式的人。A. provide提供；B. receive接收；C. share分享；D. like喜欢。根据文章可知，本句讲述支持历史的人的原因，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是对于不怎么感兴趣人以及怀疑为什么要学历史的人来说，一个清晰的目的解释就很有必要了。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. worried担忧的；C. thoughtful沉思的；D. certain确定的。本句讲述不喜欢这么学科的人的特点，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：历史学家不做心脏移植手术，不会改进高速路的设计，也不会逮捕罪犯。A. Supporters支持者；B. Historians历史学家；C. Audiences听众；D. Teachers教师。根据后文可知，本段讲述历史的必要性，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个非常准确地期望教育为有用的目的服务，历史的功能较工程学或者医学似乎很难让人定义。A. public公共的；B. multiple多样的；C. different不同的；D. useful有用的。根据文章可知，本句讲述历史与其他学科的比较，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个非常准确地期望教育为有用的目的服务，历史的功能较工程学或者医学似乎很难让人定义。A. define定义； B. expect期望；C. satisfy满意；D. ignore忽视。根据文章可知，本句讲述历史与其他学科的比较，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：历史是非常有用的，甚至是必不可少的，但是历史学研究的成果与其他学科相比没那么明显，那么立竿见影。A. optional选择的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. accessible可接近的；D. essential必不可少的。本句讲述历史的价值，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：历史是非常有用的，甚至是必不可少的，但是历史学研究的成果与其他学科相比没那么明显，那么立竿见影。A. valuable有价值的；B. interesting有趣的；C. obvious明显的；D. instructive有教育意义的。本句讲述历史的价值，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史帮助我们理解人类和社会，以及是怎样运行的。A. imagine想象；B. behave表现；C. fight反抗；D. fade褪色。根据文章可知，历史让我们理解人类社会发展的规律，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果不用历史资料，我们怎么评估过去的战争或者将来的威胁呢？A. prevent阻止；B. remember回忆；C. evaluate评估；D. declare声称。本句讲述历史的意义，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，尽管历史多么的不完美，必需要充当实验室，帮助我们理解我们是谁，我们做一些事情的理由。A. Consequently因此；B. Alternatively或者；C. Fortunately幸运的是；D. Admittedly必须要承认的是。分析前后句可知，前后句属于因果关系，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，尽管历史多么的不完美，必需要充当实验室，帮助我们理解我们是谁，我们做一些事情的理由。A. library图书馆；B. laboratory实验室；C. clinic诊所；D. museum博物馆。本句讲述历史的意义和价值，故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从根本上来说，这就是我们不能不学历史的原因。A. make up for弥补；B. give in to 让步；C. get close to靠近； D. stay away from远离，不接近。本句讲述我们必须要学历史的理由，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
A few years ago, after a long morning of sightseeing in New York, my children and I took a rest on a park bench in Central Park.
“Look!” my son said, ___41___ (point) to a nearby rubbish bin. That’s when we saw our first raccoon (浣熊). Quite at home in the big city, he paid us no attention, concentrating only on finding a ___42___ (taste) lunch. He sorted through a few options before coming out with a wrapped sandwich ___43___ (hold) between his paws.
___44___ (surprise), rather than run away, he jumped down and walked casually to a spot on the path, not a metre from ___45___ we sat. The children were spellbound, the raccoon providing better ___46___ (entertain) than any museum. He glanced at us, perhaps checking to see ___47___ we were about to steal his lunch.
___48___ delicate fingers, he peeled back the layers of plastic wrap until the half-eaten sandwich ___49___ (uncover).
Then he surprised us all. Instead of starting his food, he turned to a nearby pool of water and ___50___ (dip) his paws in. With a casual air, he rubbed his paws together underwater for a moment, brushed his fur, then started gracefully picking at his meal.
【答案】41. pointing
42. tasty/tasteful
43. held 44. Surprisingly
45. where 46. entertainment
47. if/whether
48. With 49. was uncovered
50. dipped
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述在中央大公园作者遇到一只在垃圾桶里面寻找食物的浣熊，这只浣熊不怕生人。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“看”，我儿子指着附近的一个垃圾箱说到。分析句子可知，point作状语，与其逻辑主语my son为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式pointing。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在大城市里感到很自在，浣熊根本就没注意我们，专注于寻找自己美味的午餐。修饰名词用形容词，故用tasty或者tasteful。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：小浣熊搜索了一些东西，之后找到了一块包裹着的三明治，两个爪子握着三明治。分析句子可知，hold作后置定语修饰sandwich，与其属于动宾关系，故用过去分词形式held。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：让人惊讶的是，浣熊没有逃跑，而是从垃圾箱上跳下来，很随意地走到路上的一个地方，离我们坐的地方不到一米。分析句子可知，修饰句子用副词，故用surprisingly。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：：让人惊讶的是，浣熊没有逃跑，而是从垃圾箱上跳下来，很随意地走到路上的一个地方，离我们坐的不到一米。分析句子可知，we sat作from的宾语，而从句缺乏地点状语，故用连接副词where。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：孩子们像着了迷一样，因为浣熊给孩子们提供的快乐超过任何一个博物馆。分析句子可知，provide后接宾语，故须名词，故用entertainment。
【47题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：它盯着我们看，好像核实一下我们是否会偷它的东西。分析句子可知，we were about to steal his lunch作see的宾语，从句结构完整，但是结合语境，需要是否的意思，故用if或者whether。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：有灵活的爪子，它把三明治的包装纸退下来，直到吃剩一半的三明治露出来。分析句子可知，因为有灵活的爪子，可以吃到东西，故用With。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：有灵活的爪子，它把三明治的包装纸退下来，直到吃剩一半的三明治露出来。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，uncover与其主语为动宾关系，故用被动语态，陈述过去的事情，故用was uncovered。
【50题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：没有立即开始享用美食，它走到附近的水池，把爪子伸进水里。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，与其主语为主谓关系，再根据and前的动作turned可知，用一般过去时dipped。
【点睛】If和whether用法。两者都可以引导名词性从句，但是用法不一样。
引导宾语从句表示“是否”时，两者常可互换。如：
He didn’t tell me if / whether he would come.（他没有告诉我他是否会来。）
通常用if的场合
★当引导一个否定的宾语从句时，通常用if而不用whether。如：She asked me if Tom didn’t come.（她问我Tom是不是没有来。）
★若是引导条件状语从句，则只能用if（意为“如果”）。
通常用whether的场合
★引导主语从句且放在句首时。如：Whether he will come is still a question.（他是否会来还是个问题。）
注：若在句首使用形式主语it，而将主语从句放在句末，则有时也可用 if 来引导。如：It was not known whether / if he would come.（不知他是否会来。）
★引导表语从句时。如：The question is whether we should go on with the work.（问题是我们是否应该继续进行这项工作。）
★引导宾语从句且放在句首时。如：Whether he is single I don’t know.（他是否单身，我不知道。）
★引导让步状语从句时。如：Whether he agrees or not, I shall do that.（不管他同意与否，我都要那样做。）
★与or连用分别引导两个从句时。如：I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. 我不知道是他错了，还是她错了。
★用于不定式之前时。如：I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.（我真是哭笑不得。）
★用于介词之后时。如：It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.（这取决于信是否来得及时。）
★直接与or not 连用时。如：I will write to you whether or not I can come.（我能不能来，我将写信告诉你。）
小题7，由于引导宾语从句作动词的宾语，既可以用if也可以用whether。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I can well remember an incident that happened on a rain Sunday afternoon. I was waiting for the green lights that a girl of about ten was knocked down by a pass car. The car then drives off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give him first aid, but I joined in without any hesitation. Luckily she was not bad injured and we sent her to the near hospital.
I am proud of what I did for the girl. As member of the society, I am aware of that being responsible is what it takes to make a better community.
【答案】rain→rainy
that→when
pass→passing
drives→drove
him→her
but→and
bad→badly
near→nearest/nearby
As member→As a member
aware of →aware
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者拯救一个被汽车撞倒的小女孩。
【详解】第一处：考查形容词。句意：我依然清晰记得发生在一个下雨周日下午的事件。修饰名词用形容词，故把rain改为rainy。
第二处：考查时间状语从句。句意：我正在等绿灯，突然一个大约十岁的女孩被过往的车辆撞到了。本句为结构be doing sth when正在做某事突然，故把that改为when。
第三处：考查非谓语动词。句意：我正在等绿灯，突然一个大约十岁的女孩被过往的车辆撞到了。修饰名词用形容词，pass与其逻辑主语car为主谓关系，用现在分词形式，故把pass改为passing。
第四处：考查动词时态。句意：然后肇事车辆立马开车走了。分析句子可知，本句陈述过去事情，故把 drives改为drove。
第五处：考查代词。句意：一个男的立刻冲过去给予急救，同时我也毫不犹豫去帮忙。根据文章可知，小女孩被车撞了，需要帮助，故把him改为her。
第六处：考查连词。句意：一个男的立刻冲过去给予急救，同时我也毫不犹豫去帮忙。分析文章可知，是作者和另外的一个人提供帮助，故把but改为and。
第七处：考查副词。句意：幸运的是，她伤的不厉害，我们马上把她送去最近的医院。分析句子可知，修饰动词用副词，故把bad改为badly。
第八处：考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，她伤的不厉害，我们马上把她送去最近的医院。修饰名词用形容词，根据语境可知，小女孩被车撞倒，需要去最近的医院，故把near改为nearest或者nearby。，
第九处：考查冠词。句意：作为社会的一员。Member为可数名词，第一次提及，表示社会的一员，故加a。
第十处：考查介词。句意：我开始意识到，负责任是让我们社区变得更美好需要的东西。Be aware后接从句，不需要介词，故去掉of。
【点睛】Aware的用法。be aware of (+名词、代词、动名词) 意识到；be aware that +从句意识到。
1. He said that the government was quite aware of the problem. 他说政府很清楚这个问题。
2. She was not aware of having done wrong. 她没有意识到做错了事。
3. I am well aware that this is a tough job. 我深知这是一件棘手的工作。
比如改错第十处，由于aware后接从句，故不能用of，去掉of。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.你校英语节组织“你最喜爱的卡通电影人物”英语征文评选。你打算推荐“花木兰”，请你根据以下提示写一篇短文参加评选。
1. 简述木兰代父从军的故事；
2. 你喜欢这一角色的理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文章的开头已为你写好，不计入词数。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I wish to choose Mulan as my favorite cartoon character.
As a famous cartoon character in china, Mulan has enjoyed long lasting popularity among children, teenagers and even adults. Her story has been adapted into movies at home and abroad.
Living in the Wei Dynasty, a time of continuous war, every family was forced to send a man to join the army. However, Mulan’s father was too old to fight, while her brother was too young to join. Thus, Mulan decided to conceal her gender and take her father’s place to join the army. To her credit, she managed to integrate into the army without being recognized and even served better than most of her comrades. After years of fighting, Mulan returned to her hometown and cared for her elderly parents.
I have been fascinated by Mulan since the first time I read her story. With her bravery, sense of responsibility and deep love for her family, she has deeply influenced and greatly inspired me. No other characters are more encouraging than Mulan in my mind.
I would strongly recommend everyone to read Mulan’s story or watch the movie about it.
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于影评，介绍电影花木兰以及喜欢这一角色的理由。
【详解】本文属于影评，介绍电影花木兰以及喜欢这一角色的理由，时态应为一般现在时。第一步确定关键要点如下：①木兰代父从军的故事；②喜欢这一角色的理由。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：join the army（参军），conceal her gender（隐瞒性别），take her father’s place to join the army（替父从军），integrate into the army（融入军队生活），sense of responsibility（责任感）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合演讲稿的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
非谓语动词的使用Living in the Wei Dynasty, a time of continuous war, every family was forced to send a man to join the army.
比较级形式表示最高级含义No other characters are more encouraging than Mulan in my mind.
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