2019届广东省茂名市化州市高三二模考试英语试题（解析版）

2019年广东省茂名市化州市高考英语二模试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Writing Contests， Grants & Awards in 2019 The Writing Contests， Grants （补助金） & Awards database includes details about the creative writing contests-including poetry contests， short story competitions， essay contests， awards for novels， and more-that we've published in "Poets & Writers Magazine" during the past year． We carefully review the practices and policies of each contest before including it． Use the online submission system．
Catherine Doctorow Innovative Fiction Prize
A prize of ﹩15，000 is given annually for a novel， or a story collection． U．S． writers who have published at least three books of fiction are qualified． Submit a manuscript （手稿） of any length， a brief biography， and a list of three previously published books of fiction with a ﹩25 entry fee by November 1， 2019．
University of Alabama Press， P．O． Box 870380， Tuscaloosa， AL 35487．（ 773）702-7000．
Walt Whitman Award
A prize of ﹩5，000 is given annually for a poetry collection by a poet who has not published a book of poems in a standard edition． The winning book will also be distributed to 5，000 members of the Academy of American Poets． Submit a manuscript of 48 to 100 pages with a ﹩35 entry fee by November 1， 2019．
Academy of American Poets， 75 Maiden Lane， Suite 901， NewYork， NY10038．（ 212）274-0343．
Gabriele Rico Challenge in Creative Essay
A prize of ﹩1，333 is given annually for an essay． Using the online submission system， submit an essay of up to 5，000 words with a﹩20 entry fee， by November 1， 2019． All entries are considered for publication． Visit the website for complete guidelines．
San Jose State University， English Department， One Washington Square， San Jose， CA95192．（ 408）924-4425．
Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize
A prize of ﹩500 is given annually for a work of nonfiction that is set in Brooklyn， NewYork， and expresses the region's "rich soul and intangible （无形的） qualities through the writer's actual experiences of Brooklyn．" Submit an essay of up to 2，500 words by November 15， 2019． There is no entry fee．
Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize， P．O． Box 491， New York， NY10156．（ 207）778-7071．
1. Who has the qualification to attend the contest for the prize of﹩15，000？ ______
A. Whoever has written 3 novel books．
B. Whoever has published at least 3 books．
C. U．S． authors who've published 3 novel books．
D. U．S． writers who've written 3 poetry collections．
2. What will happen to your manuscript if you win Walt Whitman Award？ ______
A. It will be published as a book of poems．
B. It will be read by all the academy members．
C. It will be distributed to whoever likes poems．
D. It will become a book that will sell well．
3. Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize is different from the other three writing contests in that ______ ．
A. the work must be a writer's real experiences
B. its entry fee is higher
C. it has a deadline earlier than them
D. the winners have no prize money
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章主要讲述了四个写作比赛的奖项的基本情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段A prize of ﹩15，000 is given annually for a novel, or a story collection. U．S． writers who have published at least three books of fiction are qualified可知，发表过3本小说的美国作者有资格参加比赛获得$ 15，000的奖金。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段The winning book will also be distributed to 5，000 members of the Academy of American Poets． Submit a manuscript of 48 to 100 pages with a ﹩35 entry fee by November 1， 2019．可知，如果你赢得沃尔特惠特曼奖，所有学院成员都会阅读你的手稿。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段A prize of ﹩500 is given annually for a work of nonfiction that is set in Brooklyn, NewYork, and expresses the region's "rich soul and intangible （无形的） qualities through the writer's actual experiences of Brooklyn．" 可知，布鲁克林非虚构小说奖与其他三个写作竞赛不同，因为作品必须是作家的真实经历。故选A。
【点睛】文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节,找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题1中选择项中3 novel books与文中的three books of fiction表达的同一个意思，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别。
B
When a special occasion arrives， a colorful gift bag or a box often finds its way to a doorstep， an office desk or a mailbox． But once in a while， a present arrives at an unexpected moment as a reminder that someone is thinking about us．
Wanda Anderson of Richland， US， remembers such a gift． The rosebushes were finally in full bloom on that day in spring． Seeing roses always brings to mind Wanda's childhood memories． To this young girl， those flowers were a luxury． "We never had money to buy extra things， so even a tired rose was something to cherish，" Wanda said．
Nowadays， to have a backyard filled with many different roses is pure enjoyment． Wanda especially loves the very first blooms． Her husband， Dale， devotedly tends the roses and knows this little fact about his wife． So， on this particular morning， he picked the very first flowers of spring， fresh from the garden． But as Dale came back into the house， he was met by a neighbor who had stopped in for a quick visit． As the woman turned to go， Dale graciously （有风度地） handed the roses to her． And even though their visitor insisted she didn't want to take them， she was repeatedly convinced that the flowers were hers to keep． "I told her I was happy for her to have the roses， but I really wasn't，" Wanda said， recalling the emotions she was feeling right then．
Seeing her very precious first blooms go out of the door filled her with regret， and a bit of selfishness． Throughout the rest of the morning， Wanda argued with herself， knowing logically it was "better to give than to receive．" Nevertheless， she wished she could have kept the roses for herself．
Later that day， the couple headed to the post office， where Wanda waited outside in the car． Then， without warning， an older woman suddenly appeared at the car's open window， with a bunch of multicolored roses in her arms． "These are for you，" she said， giving the flowers to Wanda． "They're my first blooms this spring．" Totally surprised and overwhelmed （不知所措的）， Wanda thanked the woman and bent for a moment to inhale （吸入） the roses' rich fragrance． When she looked back， the mysterious visitor was gone．
To this day， that "special delivery" changed Wanda． Now， her very first blooms always go to someone else， as a reminder that someone is thinking of them．
4. Why does Wanda love roses so much？ ______
A. She thinks that they stand for pure love．
B. She was given them often as a child．
C. Her husband always sends her roses．
D. She couldn't afford them when she was young．
5. How did Wanda feel after the neighbor left？ ______
A. Worried． B. Upset．
C. Satisfied． D. Relieved．
6. What changed Wanda's opinion of giving gifts？ ______
A. The flowers her husband bought her．
B. The gifts her neighbor gave back to her．
C. The roses she received from a stranger．
D. A mysterious delivery she got from the post office．
7. Why does Wanda always give away her roses to others now？ ______
A. To show off her beautiful flowers．
B. To prove that she isn't selfish．
C. To surprise people she loves．
D. To show that she's thinking of them．
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
本文为记叙文。文章介绍Wanda喜欢玫瑰花，但是不愿意将花送给别人，一次一个陌生人送给Wanda一束玫瑰花，改变了Wanda送礼物的观念。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子 "We never had money to buy extra things， so even a tired rose was something to cherish，" Wanda said．可知，Wanda非常喜欢玫瑰花，因为她年轻的时候买不起玫瑰花。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子 Seeing her very precious first blooms go out of the door filled her with regret， and a bit of selfishness．可知，当邻居走了的时候，Wanda看到自己的第一束花被拿走感到难过。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Wanda收到了陌生人给的今年第一束玫瑰花和最后一段的句子 To this day， that "special delivery" changed Wanda.可知，她从陌生人那里收到礼物改变了Wanda送礼物的观点。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的Now， her very first blooms always go to someone else， as a reminder that someone is thinking of them.可知，现在Wanda总是将玫瑰送给他人，因为她想表示她为他们考虑。故选D。
C
Did you know that people who live in different parts of China have different habits and preferences？
For example， people from southern China prefer to eat vegetables， while people from north China like to eat meat． But what causes these differences？
According to a new study published in the journal Cell in October， gene variations （基因变异） might be responsible for these differences， Xinhua reported．
In the study， researchers from Chinese genome-sequencing （基因组测序） firm BGI collected genetic information from 141，431 Chinese women． The women came from 31 provinces and consisted of 36 ethnic minority groups．
The researchers found that there are six gene frequencies that are different among people from both northern and southern China． They found that natural selection has played an important role in the ways that people living in different regions of China have evolved， affecting their food preferences， immunities （免疫性） to illness and physical traits （特点）， the New York Times reported．
The researchers reported that a variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people than it is in southern people． It helps people metabolize （新陈代谢） fatty acids （脂肪酸）， which suggests a diet that is rich in meat． According to Xinhua， this is due to climate differences． Northern China is at a higher latitude， which means it's cold and dry throughout the whole year． This weather is difficult to grow vegetables in． Therefore， northerners tend to eat more meat．
The study also found differences in the immune systems of both groups． Most people in southern China carry the gene CR1， which protects against malaria （疟疾）． This is because malaria was once quite common in southern China． In order to survive， the genes of people in the south evolved to fight against this disease． However， people in the south are also more vulnerable to certain blood-borne illnesses， as they lack the genes to stop them．
Genes can also cause physical differences between northerners and southerners． Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene， which causes dry earwax （耳屎）， less body odor and fewer sweat secretions （分泌）， The New York Times reported． These physical differences are also more beneficial to living in cold environments． Southerners are less likely to have this gene， as it did not evolve in their population．
8. What's the new study mainly about？ ______
A. The genes of Chinese minority groups．
B. Habits of people from different regions of China．
C. Differences in the genes of people from different parts of China．
D. Physical differences between northerners and southerners．
9. A variation of the gene FADS2can help our body ______ ．
A. store fat B. digest meat
C. fight disease D. control body temperature
10. The underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to ______ ．
A. unprotected B. uninterested
C. generous D. responsible
11. Compared with people in south China， most northerners ______ ．
a．are immune to malaria
b．catch blood-borne illnesses easily
c．have less body odor
d．sweat less frequently
A. ab B. bc
C. bd D. cd
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要讲述了基因变异可能是导致中国北方和南方人在饮食、免疫系统和身体上的差异。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段According to a new study published in the journal Cell in October， gene variations （基因变异） might be responsible for these differences，Xinhua reported.可知据新华社报道，10月份发表在《细胞》杂志上的一项新研究表明，基因变异可能是导致这些差异的原因。由此可见，中国不同地区人的基因差异。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段The researchers reported that a variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people than it is in southern people． It helps people metabolize （新陈代谢） fatty acids （脂肪酸），which suggests a diet that is rich in meat．可知研究人员报告说，FADS2基因的变异在北方人中比在南方人中更常见．它帮助人们代谢肉类中富含的脂肪酸。由此可见，基因FADS2的变异可以帮助我们的身体消化肉类。故选B。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段 However， people in the south are also more vulnerable to certain blood-borne illnesses， as they lack the genes to stop them．可知，然而，南方人也更容易受到某些血液传播疾病的影响，因为他们缺乏阻止他们的基因。由此可猜测出，vulnerable易受攻击的，易受伤的。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段 Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene， which causes dry earwax （耳屎）， less body odor and fewer sweat secretions （分泌）， The New York Times reported．可知据《纽约时报》报道，大多数北方人都有ABCC11基因，该基因可导致耳垢干燥、体味降低和汗液分泌减少。由此可见，故选D。
D
One day your pocket might power your smartphone． Soon you may never have to worry about your smartphone running out of juice． Your clothing will simply power it back up for you． That's the word from scientists at China's Chongqing and Jinan Universities in a study just published in the journal ACS Nano．
Researchers have been hard at work during the last few years trying to create wearable energy， or clothes that can charge things． The assumption is simple． People today rely heavily upon devices such as smartphones and tablets． And they're looking for ways to recharge these devices on the go． So if you could design clothing fabric that could make use of solar power -one of the most widely available and inexhaustible renewable energy sources - you'd be able to charge your various devices with ease．
Scientists have had some past success creating energy-harvesting fibers． But there was always one problem when they tried to fashion these threads into self-powered smart clothes： The fibers they designed got damaged during the clothing manufacturing process， namely during the weaving and cutting． The Chongqing and Jinan University scientists say they've solved this problem because the energy-collecting and energy-storing threads they created are highly flexible - each individual thread is easily bendable， and not simply the fabric as a whole．
The team's sample textile can be fully charged to 1.2 volts in 17 seconds by exposure to sunlight - enough voltage that your future smart T-shirt or smart dress might be able to power small electronics． It's durable， too； their research showed there was no descent in the fabric after 60 days． But don't worry that this means the fabric is similar to rough cloth． The scientists note their textile can be fashioned into numerous different patterns， and tailored into any designed shape， without affecting performance．
12. What does the underlined phrase "running out of juice" in Paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Being lacking in energy． B. Wanting to have some juice．
C. Being picked out of a drink． D. Having some water running out．
13. Why could smart dress charge a phone？ ______
A. A solar cell is attached to the dress．
B. The fabric of the textile contains current．
C. The fabric of the textile is easily bendable．
D. The fabric of the textile could collect and store the solar energy．
14. What is the scientists' attitude towards the scientific technology？ ______
A. Optimistic． B. Pessimistic．
C. Neutral． D. Doubtful．
15. This passage is written to ______ ．
A. persuade readers to buy new clothes
B. inform readers of the ways to use their devices
C. introduce new wearable energy to readers
D. remind readers to wear smart clothes
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了一种新型的衣服充电的设想和研究。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文句子One day your pocket might power your smart phone.你的口袋可能会给你的智能手机充电，后文Your clothing will simply power it back up for you.你的衣服会为你供电。可以猜测出这里说的是不用担心手机没电，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段So if you could design clothing fabric that could make use of solar power 因此，如果你能设计出一种可以利用太阳能的服装面料，就可以做到用衣服充电了，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段The scientists note their textile can be fashioned into numerous different patterns，and tailored into any designed shape，without affecting performance，科学家们制造的纺织品可以制成许多不同的款式，设计和定制任何形状，且不影响性能。该小组的样本纺织品可以通过暴露在阳光下17秒内完全充电到1.2伏特-足够的电压使你未来的智能衣服或智能连衣裙能够为小型电子产品供电。可见科学家对于这种材料的实验已经初见成效，所以未来这种衣服的制造是乐观的。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段One day your pocket might power your smartphone． Soon you may never have to worry about your smartphone running out of juice． Your clothing will simply power it back up for you． That's the word from scientists at China's Chongqing and Jinan Universities in a study just published in the journal ACS Nano．及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型的衣服充电的设想和研究，介绍了一种新能源。故选C。
【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题1要求猜测出running out of juice的含义，就是根据前文句子One day your pocket might power your smart phone.你的口袋可能会给你的智能手机充电，后文Your clothing will simply power it back up for you.你的衣服会为你供电。可以猜测出这里说的是不用担心手机没电。从而推测出running out of juice之意。
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
You've probably heard the phrase "go outside and get some fresh air" before． Breathing fresh air can make us feel more energetic．___16___．
According to a new study from the World Health Organization （WHO）， nine out of every 10 people on the planet breathe polluted air every day．
Polluted air can get deep inside your lungs when you breathe， causing diseases like lung cancer and heart disease． Around 7 million people die every year from breathing polluted air．___17___， mainly in Asia and Africa． Among the world's 20 most polluted cities， 14 are in India．
Some of the biggest sources of air pollution include factories and vehicles． In some regions， sand and desert dust， as well as the burning of waste， also cause air pollution．
___18___． More than 40 percent of the world's population is still using woodstoves （木柴炉） or open fires to make meals and heat their homes． This creates harmful particles （颗粒） and gases indoors．
___19___． India has provided 37 million poor people with free liquified Petroleum gas （液化石油气）， while Mexico City has created cleaner vehicle standards．
Maria Neira， the WHO's head of public health， said China has set a good example to the world in improving air quality． "___20___，" she said．
A． More than 90 percent of these deaths happen in low-income and middle-income countries
B． Although this problem is serious， the good news is that countries are taking action to fight it
C．Another large source of air pollution can be found in some people's homes
D． However， not everyone in the world has the chance to enjoy it
E． Air pollution is a serious problem around the world
F． There is a big step at the government level in China declaring war on air pollution
G． People who work outdoors are more directly harmed by air pollution
【答案】16. D 17. A
18. C 19. B
20. F
【解析】
本文是一篇环境类短文阅读。文章主要讲述了空气污染问题的严重性及应对措施。
【16题详解】
考查上下句的连接。因为上句 Breathing fresh air can make us feel more energetic．表示：呼吸新鲜空气会让我们感觉更有活力。下文提出空气污染问题。所以后句应该表示：然而，并不是世界上每个人都有机会享受它。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查上下句的连接。因为上句 Around 7 million people die every year from breathing polluted air表示：每年大约有700万人死于吸入污染空气。所以后句应该表示：超过90%的死亡发生在低收入和中等收入国家。连接下文的亚洲和非洲国家。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查上下句的连接。根据下句 More than 40 percent of the world's population is still using woodstoves （木柴炉）or open fires to make meals and heat their homes表示：全世界40%以上的人口仍在使用木柴炉或明火做饭和取暖。所以前句应该用：在一些人的家中还可以发现另一个很大的空气污染源。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查上下句的连接。根据下句India has provided 37 million poor people with free liquified Petroleum gas （液化石油气）， while Mexico City has created cleaner vehicle standards．表示：印度为3700万穷人提供了免费液化石油气，而墨西哥城则制定了更清洁的汽车标准，所以前句用表示：尽管这个问题很严重，但好消息是，各国正在采取行动与之抗争。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查上下句的连接。根据上句China has set a good example to the world in improving air quality表示"中国在改善空气质量方面为世界树立了良好的榜样"，可知后句用表示"中国政府一级已经迈出了一大步，向大气污染宣战" 。故选F。
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
A story spread around that a 13-year-old boy fell into a river of sewage（下水道） and was saved by rescuers． The boy， Phil， was ___21___more than 12 hours in the city's ___22___underground sewage system． It is ___23___with waste liquids and other waste materials， which were ___24___．
Phil had been playing at a public park with other ___25___during a family gathering on Sunday． At one point， the children were on pieces of wood that___26___an opening leading to the sewage system． One of the wooden boards___27___． The boy fell about eight meters down and ___28___in fast-moving waste water．
The other children___29___told adults what had happened． The adults then called an emergency telephone line for help． Rescuers immediately began ___30___Phil underground． They set cameras on floatation devices， which they put into the sewage system．
Rescuers finally ___31___Phil after seeing images of handprints on a pipe． A crew of sanitation（卫生系统）workers hurried to the ___32___ and opened a hole． The first thing they ___33___was "Help!"
The crew lowered down a ___34___rope to Phil． The boy held onto the rope while workers___35___him up． By the time workers found Phil， about 700 meters of pipes had been ___36___during a 12-hour period． Phil was found less than two kilometers from where he fell in． He was taken to a ___37___for a full physical examination and to be reunited with his ___38___．
More than 100 people took part in the___39___of Phil． Phil was able to find a small area of breathable air and ___40___there until he was found．
21. A. kept B. hidden C. trapped D. shut
22. A. tiny B. dangerous C. dry D. unknown
23. A. filled B. faced C. compared D. occupied
24. A. dusty B. unusual C. useless D. poisonous
25. A. visitors B. kids C. strangers D. parents
26. A. carved B. fixed C. connected D. covered
27. A. broke B. sank C. existed D. survived
28. A. swam B. landed C. suffered D. fought
29. A. seriously B. eventually C. quickly D. exactly
30. A. searching for B. caring about C. turning to D. calming down
31. A. lifted B. stuck C. found D. caught
32. A. water B. area C. block D. street
33. A. saw B. felt C. feared D. heard
34. A. thin B. short C. loose D. long
35. A. pulled B. packed C. picked D. waked
36. A. judged B. selected C. removed D. inspected
37. A. park B. school C. hospital D. club
38. A. friends B. family C. class D. relatives
39. A. struggle B. game C. rescue D. adventure
40. A. waited B. relaxed C. exposed D. shouted
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位13岁的男孩掉入下水道系统，最终在卫生系统救援人员的帮助下得救的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. kept保持；B. hidden躲藏；C. trapped困；D. shut关。根据前句A story spread around that a 13-year-old boy fell into a river of sewage（下水道） and was saved by rescuers.可知，男孩Phil被困了超过12小时，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. tiny小的；B. dangerous危险的；C. dry干的；D. unknown未知的。男孩被困在危险的地下下水道系统，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. filled充满；B. faced面对；C. compared对比；D. occupied占据。下水道充满了脏水，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. dusty灰尘的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. useless无用的；D. poisonous有毒的。这些废水和废物是有毒的，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. visitors参观者；B. kids孩子；C. strangers陌生人；D. parents父母。根据后句At one point， the children were on pieces of wood that___6___an opening leading to the sewage system．可知，Phil在一个公园和其他的小孩一起玩，因此使用kids，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. carved雕刻；B. fixed修理；C. connected连接；D. covered覆盖。孩子们在一片草地上面，这草地下面是连接下水道系统的，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. broke破碎；B. sank下沉；C. existed存在；D. survived存活。根据后句The boy fell about eight meters down可知，其中一块木板破了，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. swam游泳；B. landed 跌落（地面）；C. suffered遭受；D. fought斗争。男孩掉进去八米深，然后跌落到流速很快的污水，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. seriously严重地；B. eventually最终；C. quickly快地；D. exactly确切地。其他孩子赶快告诉大人发生的事，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。A. searching for寻找；B. caring about关心；C. turning to求助于；D. calming down冷静下来。救援人员立即开始寻找Phil，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. lifted举起；B. stuck刺；C. found找到；D. caught抓住。根据after seeing images of handprints on a pipe．可知，救援人员最后找到Phil，下文 By the time workers found Phil给了提示，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. water水；B. area地区，区域；C. block街区；D. street街道。一组卫生系统的人匆忙赶到那片区域，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. saw看到；B. felt感觉；C. feared害怕；D. heard听到。他们听到的第一件事就是"救命"，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. thin瘦的；B. short短的；C. loose松的；D. long长的。小组人员放下一条很长的绳子给Phil，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. pulled拉；B. packed打包；C. picked捡起；D. waked醒来。他们把Phil拉上来，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. judged判断；B. selected挑选；C. removed移除；D. inspected检查。此处指在12个小时内检查了700米的管道，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. park公园；B. school学校；C. hospital医院；D. club俱乐部。根据a full physical examination 可知，Phil被带到医院进行全身检查，因此使用hospital。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. friends朋友；B. family家人；C. class班级；D. relatives亲戚。此处指他能和家人团聚，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. struggle努力；B. game游戏；C. rescue救援；D. adventure冒险。根据语境指的是超过100人加入到这次救援Phil的活动中，因此使用rescue，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. waited等待；B. relaxed放松；C. exposed暴露；D. shouted喊叫。Phil找到一个能够呼吸的地方，然后就在那等着人们去救他，故选A。
四
语法填空
Chinese-American community groups are preparing to hold their second annual International Confucius Cultural Festival（孔子文化节） on Sept， 28 in Flushing Queens， New York City's eastern most borough（市镇）．
The event serves not only ___41___a spectacular ceremony to memorize the world-famous Chinese philosopher， but a chance___42___（celebrate） Chinese culture together with other local communities， said Wang Lizhi， president of America East Shandong Association（ AESA）．
Co-sponsored by AESA， America East Shandong Chamber of Commerce and Confucius Education Foundation Inc， the festival ___43___（feature） recitation of the "Di Zi Gui" literally translated as "Standards for being a Good Pupil and Child，" a book ___44___（write） based on Confucius' teachings that emphasize the ___45___（base） necessities for being a good person and guidelines for___46___（live） in harmony with others， as well as Chinese traditional dances， Shandong folk music and photo exhibitions．
The groups hosted the___47___（one） International Confucius Cultural Festival in Flushing on Sept． 28 last year to celebrate the 2，568th anniversary of the birth of Confucius （551BC-479BC）．
Confucius was ___48___extraordinary educator and philosopher， and founded Confucianism． It was he ___49___first set up private schools and received students from every walk of life without___50___（consider） of their social status．
【答案】41. as 42. to celebrate
43. features
44. written
45. basic 46. living
47. first 48. an
49. that/who
50. consideration
【解析】
【分析】
本文介绍了中美社区团体准备举办第二届国际孔子文化节的目的，活动内容和意义。
【41题详解】
考查介词。此处指庆祝孔子文化节活动不仅是作为一个壮观的仪式来纪念世界著名的中国哲学家，表示“作为”用介词as，故填as.
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。此处指这个活动还是与其他当地社区一起庆祝中国文化的机会，此处是不定式作chance的定语，故填to celebrate.
【43题详解】
考查动词形式。此处指这个节目以背诵弟子规为特色，与上下文时态一致用一般现在时，主语是the festival是单数，动词也用第三人称单数。故填features.
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句中a book与动词write是被动关系，指书被写。用过去分词作定语表被动，故填written.
【45题详解】
考查形容词。此处修饰名词necessities用形容词，指基本的需要。故填basic.
【46题详解】
考查动词形式。句中介词for后用动词-ing形式作宾语，故填living.
【47题详解】
考查序数词。此处由the限制，根据开头hold their second annual International Confucius Cultural Festival（孔子文化节）on Sept, 28可知今年是第二届，去年是第一届。故填first
【48题详解】
考查冠词。此处指孔子是一位杰出的教育家和哲学家，表示“一个”且extraordinary开头音标是元音音标。故填冠词an.
【49题详解】
考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是he指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/who引导。故填that/who.
【50题详解】
考查名词。此处指孔子接收来自各行各业的学生，而不考虑他们的社会地位。介词without后加名词作宾语，故填consideration.
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如小题9中先行词是he指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/who引导。故填that/who.
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1． 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2． 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Dear Tommy，
I'm glad to hear that you are very interested for Guoxue（国学）． Let me to give you a simple introduction．
Generally speaking， Guoxue refers to the excellent traditional Chinese culture， which include philosophy， literature， history， music， painting and so on． Guoxue has been playing an increasing important part in China， especially for us students． Not only it tell us how to study， but it also teaches us what to live． More and more Guoxue course are given in schools of different levels all over China．
If you want to get the better understanding of Guoxue， you are welcome to China to learn it， feel it and enjoy them． I'm sure you'll benefit from live in two different cultures． I'm looking forward to seeing you soon in China．
Yours，
Wang Kai
【答案】1．for→in
2．去掉to
3． include→includes
4．increasing→increasingly
5．it前面加does
6． what→how
7． course→courses
8． the→a
9． them→it
10． live→living
【解析】
【详解】本文是王凯写给 Tommy的一封信，信中王凯向汤姆介绍了国学的基本情况，以及国学在学生学习生活中的重要作用。
第一处：考查固定搭配。be interested in对……感兴趣。句意：听说你对国学很感兴趣，我很高兴。故将for改为in。
第二处：考查动词不定式。let是使役动词，后面跟省to不定式。句意：让我给你一些简单的介绍。故去掉to。
第三处：考查主谓一致。主语which指代先行词culture，所以用第三人称单数谓语。句意：国学指的是中华民族优秀的传统文化，其中包括哲学、文学、历史、音乐、绘画等。故将include改为includes。
第四处：考查副词。此处要用副词形式作状语修饰形容词important。句意：国学在中国扮演着越来越重要的角色。故将 increasing改为increasingly。
第五处：考查倒装。not only放在句首，用部分倒装，主语前面加does。句意：它不仅告诉我们如何学习，而且教会我们如何生活。故将 it前面加does；
第六处：考查疑问词。表示"它教给我们如何生活"，表示方式用how。句意：它不仅告诉我们如何学习，而且教会我们如何生活。故将 what改为how，
第七处：考查名词复数。前面有more and more，所以用复数名词。句意：各级学校都开设了越来越多的国学课程。故将course改为courses。
第八处：考查冠词。understanding是不可数名词，表示"理解；领会 "，但如果前面有修饰词修饰时则要加不定冠词，文中understanding前有better修饰，故前面加不定冠词a。句意：如果你想更好的了解国学。故将 the改为a。
第九处：考查人称代词。指代Guoxue，所以用it。句意：欢迎你来中国学习，感受和享受它。故将them改为it。
第十处：考查动名词。介词from后跟动名词。句意：我相信你会受益于生活在两种不同的文化。故将live改为living。
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
52.假定你是李华，你和你的留学生朋友Eric约定好下周日一起参加市里举办的中国国画展（the traditional Chinese painting exhibition），但你因故不能赴约．请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1． 表示歉意；
2． 解释原因．
注意：
1． 词数100左右；
2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
3． 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数．
Dear Eric，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric，
I feel terribly sorry that I can't attend the traditional Chinese painting exhibition to be held next Sunday with you． Therefore， I'm writing to apologize to you， wishing you could generously forgive my impolite behavior．（表示歉意）
So attracted by traditional Chinese paintings are you that I guess you must be disappointed， for I'm afraid that I will fail to keep your appointment．【高分句型一】 You know it is the last thing I want to do． Unfortunately， my grandpa caught a serious cold several days ago due to climate change and he is still in hospital now． My family should take care of my grandpa these days， which is our absolute duty and fundamental responsibility．【高分句型二】 As a consequence， I can't make any excuse to be absent． I sincerely hope that you can understand my situation．（解释原因）
Once again， I am deeply sorry for any inconvenience caused and please accept my sincere apology．（再次道歉）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本书面表达是一篇提纲类写作。要求以李华的名义给留学生朋友Eric写封邮件。
【详解】这是一篇书信类作文。写作提要为假定你是李华，你和你的留学生朋友Eric约定好下周日一起参加市里举办的中国国画展（the traditional Chinese painting exhibition），但你因故不能赴约．请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1． 表示歉意；2． 解释原因。注意：1． 词数100左右；2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3． 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。我们所要做的就是用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。本作文中给出的要点比较简略，故需要自由发挥的地方较多。需要注意不要偏离文章中心。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合整个文章,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】高分句型1．So attracted by traditional Chinese paintings are you that I guess you must be disappointed， for I'm afraid that I will fail to keep your appointment．句子里，So 修饰attracted by traditional Chinese paintings 位于句首，主句are you用部分倒装； that 引导结果状语从句I guess you must be disappointed； for 引导原因状语从句I'm afraid that I will fail to keep your appointment．
你被中国传统绘画所吸引，我想你一定会失望的，因为我怕我不能遵守你的约定．
2．My family should take care of my grandpa these days， which is our absolute duty and fundamental responsibility．代指主句My family should take care of my grandpa these days，关系词 which引导非限制性定语从句 is our absolute duty and fundamental responsibility．
我的家人这些天应该照顾我的爷爷，这是我们的绝对责任和根本责任．