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2019届山东省青岛市高三5月第二次模考英语试卷（解析版）
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2019年青岛市高考模拟检测
英语试题
(考试时间:120分钟试卷满分:150分)
注意:
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上， 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Buy a new dress. B. Exchange the dress. C. Get the dress tailored.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: I’m gonna throw out this ugly dress! I don’t even remember why I bought it in the first place!
M: Well, it’s such a beautiful material. Just get it to a tailor. A few changes will make it lovely.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. A birthday celebration. B. A fancy restaurant. C. A holiday plan.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
M: Father’s sixtieth birthday is coming.
W: How should we celebrate it for him?
M: I plan to take the whole family for a big meal in a fancy restaurant. I’ll also invite some relatives.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman do for Mary last night?
A. She fixed Mary’s car.
B. She gave Mary a phone call.
C. She let Mary sleep in her house.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Guess what happened to me last night.
M: What was it?
W: My phone rang when I was sound asleep. It was my friend Mary. Her car couldn’t start when she passed my house. So I invited her to spend the night.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Where do the speakers plan to go?
A. The theater. B. Their mom’s office. C. Their grandma’s house.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Do you want to watch a movie tonight?
M: No, I want to spend the night at grandma’s.
W: If you go, I’ll go with you. I miss her so much.
M: Then let’s go over to her place after Mom comes back.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Who will begin the lecture now?
A. Prof. Brookings. B. Dr. Mildens. C. Dr. White.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
M: Before we begin today’s lecture, I want to invite Dr. Kathleen White to talk about the plan for the afternoon.
W: Prof. Brookings, I just talked to Dr. White. She said she will be a little late today because she got stuck in traffic.
M: Oh, thank you, Dr. Mildens. In that case, I’ll begin the lecture now, and Dr. White can tell us about the afternoon later on.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
6. What did the woman do at the Media Camp?
A. She learned poster design.
B. She studied film-making.
C. She wrote for a magazine.
7. Why did the woman spend her holiday there?
A. To visit her brother. B. To try something different. C. To work in the movie industry.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
M: Did you and your brother have a good time at the Media Camp?
W: Yes, it was great. He went for film-making and I chose poster design.
M: What made you decide to go there? Did your brother talk you into it(说服)?
W: Actually I persuaded him. I read about it in a magazine. I knew he’d be interested because he wants to work in the movie industry. I don’t, but I was getting a bit fed up with(对……厌倦) always spending the summer doing the same old things, so I applied as soon as I heard about it.
【6题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does Julia’s friend’s band need?
A. A singer. B. A pianist. C. A guitar player.
9. How many members are there in the man’s band?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
10. What does the man offer to do for the woman?
A. Meet her in the garage.
B. Introduce her to his band.
C. Provide a place for her practice.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
M: Hey Julia. You look unhappy. What’s the matter?
W: Oh hi, James. I really want to be in my friend’s band, but they say I can’t sing.
M: Well, you’ve got a great new electric guitar, haven’t you?
W: Yes, but they don’t need another guitar player.
M: You see, I play in a band. Perhaps you could play with us. I’ll ask the others.
W: Really? Who’s in your band?
M: There’s Pete and Danny. They’re brothers. And then there’s Joe—the pianist, you know, the tall American boy. We need a girl in the band. Let me ask them.
W: OK. We can practice in my garage.
【8题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【10题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
11. What does the woman do?
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A lawyer.
12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Sister and brother.
13. What will the man probably do next month?
A. Study in a school. B. Give up the boring task. C. Work with the woman.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C
【解析】
M: Next month all the people in our class have to spend a week going to work instead of going to school. I wondered if I could come to work with you.
W: But you don’t want to be a lawyer. You’ve always said you want to do something different from your dad and me. Let’s think of somewhere else you could go, like a hospital.
M: But I might want to be a lawyer.
W: What are all your friends going to do during this special week?
M: Most of them want to work with children in a primary school for a week. I really want to know what a lawyer is really like and what you really do.
W: Well, I’m not happy about it. But if it’s what you really want and you promise not to be upset if you’re bored, I’ll do it.
M: OK, I promise.
【11题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【13题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
14. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. The man’s favorite food. B. Popular food in Belgium. C. Belgian eating habits.
15. How long did the man’s Christmas dinner take last year?
A. About 6 hours. B. About 5 hours. C. About 3 hours.
16. What may people there do after a big dinner?
A. They eat as much as usual
B. They take exercise to keep fit.
C. They eat less in the following days.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
W: Chris, I would like to know, what kind of food you eat in Belgium.
M: We have our fish, our meat, our wines, our fruit…
W: I mean what is popular about Belgian food?
M: Well, it’s a bit different in Belgium as I think it is here in New York. We really enjoy the tables.
We don’t go out for dinner that often but when we go out we stay at a table for three or four hours. It starts with appetizers, then it may be a soup, then it’s the main dish, then it’s still an ice-cream or something.
W: It takes so much time to have dinner in your country!
M: Yeah. We really enjoy eating and it goes slow. Last winter, a friend from Portugal went to Belgium with me. For Christmas dinner, we met at 5:30 and then we started with some drinks. I think we ate from 6 o’clock in the afternoon till 12 o’clock that night.
W: Wow! You must be fat there if you eat that much.
M: In fact we don’t. We don’t do it that often, but if we do, then of course the next day or the next few days you see people just don’t eat much.
【14题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
17. What prizes were given last week?
A. Sports bags. B. I-Watches. C. Pens.
18. When was the show broadcast for the first time?
A. A week ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago.
19. What does the speaker say about the footballer?
A. He can speak French. B. He has a famous wife. C. He owns a club.
20. How will the listeners tell their answers?
A. By making a call. B. By writing a letter. C. By sending a postcard.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
W: And now for our Mystery Person of the week and your chance to win one of our amazing prizes. Last week’s competition produced a huge response and the first five answers pulled out of the box received $100 worth of sports bags. And if you didn’t win last week, here’s another chance. And this week’s prize is even bigger. We are giving away ten prizes of$250 worth of i-Watches to mark the first anniversary of the show, so get your pens ready to take down the address details. Just write the name of the person you think is our Mystery Person and send it to Mystery Draw, PO Box 5110, London. The address will be repeated at the end of the show for those of you who didn’t get it. And now let me introduce our mystery person this week. He is a very well-known footballer who plays for a famous club, and has also played for his national team. He is very talented and is very popular, especially for the part he played in a famous footballing victory. He has no famous wife, and speaks French but not a Frenchman. If you think you know who he is, then send your answer on a postcard to Mystery Draw, PO Box 5110, London. That’s PO Box 5110. We don’t accept letters. And please don’t forget to write your name and telephone number, too.
【17题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Great Wall, China
Stretching over 21,000 kilometers, the Great Wall was built to prevent invasions and has a history of more than 2,000 years. UNESCO in February 2019 calls it an absolute masterpiece, not only because of the ambitious character of the undertaking but also the perfection of its construction.”
But perfection isn’t protection. 51.2 percent of the Great Wall had either already disappeared or is at a significant risk of disappearing. Besides for wind and rain erosion, the main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall are human factors such as tourism, construction, human contact and so on.
Pamukkale，Turkey
Pamukkale, which means “cotton castle” in Turkish, is famous for its shining white calcite terraces (方解石阶地)with warm and mineral-rich waters overrun.
Before being listed as a World Heritage Site in 1988, Pamukkale had been severely damaged by human activities. People used hot spring water to fill swimming pools, some visitors stood on the rocks and some even bathed in the hot springs with soap and shampoo. To protect the terraces, the Turkish government has decided to pull down the hotels and require all tourists to visit this site barefoot.
Great Barrier Reef, Australia
Home to 400 types of coral and 1,500 species of fish, the Great Barrier Reef draws visitors to Australia from all over the world.
However, the Great Barrier Reef is expected to suffer from increasingly frequent bleaching events, cases in which corals turn white and may die, according to a UNESCO report. The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.
The Dead Sea, Jordan
At 423 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is 10 times saltier than the ocean, meaning that the water is so dense, even tourists who can9t swim will be able to float.
But the seaside resorts built in the 1980s now sit kilometers away from the water’s edge, which has lost half of its surface area in the past 40 years. The damage is irreversible due to the nature of the mineral industry and the type of agricultural use that has drained the water.
21. Which are you required to visit without shoes?
A. The Great Wall, China.
B. Pamukkale, Turkey.
C. Great Barrier Reef, Australia.
D. The Dead Sea, Jordan.
22. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall come from wind and rain erosion.
B. Pamukkale was damaged by human activities after 1988.
C. Pollution and the heat waves caused by global warming kill much coral in the Great Barrier Reef.
D. Half of the Dead Sea surface area has disappeared in the past two decades.
23. What do the above spots have in common?
A. They are all famous endangered natural spots.
B. They’re damaged only from human activities.
C. They all draw the attention of the governments.
D. They’re all seriously damaged.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上的四大景观——中国长城、土耳其棉花堡、澳大利亚大堡礁和约旦死海，它们都受到了严重的破坏。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pamukkale，Turkey中的“To protect the terraces, the Turkish government has decided to pull down the hotels and require all tourists to visit this site barefoot.”可知，为了保护方解石阶地，土耳其政府决定所有游客必须赤脚参观棉花堡，故B项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Great Barrier Reef, Australia中的“The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.”可知，全球变暖引发的热浪杀死了大堡礁里一半的珊瑚，来自工业和捕鱼业的污染也是极大的担忧，故C项正确。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Great Wall, China 中的“51.2 percent of the Great Wall had either already disappeared or is at a significant risk of disappearing.”，Pamukkale，Turkey中的“Pamukkale had been severely damaged by human activities.”，Great Barrier Reef, Australia中的“The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.”及The Dead Sea, Jordan中的“The damage is irreversible due to the nature of the mineral industry and the type of agricultural use that has drained the water.”可知，中国长城、土耳其棉花堡、澳大利亚大堡礁和约旦死海都受到了严重的破坏。故D项正确。
B
Vijay Gupta is known to classical music lovers across the United States. He serves as first violinist for the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In that job, he often plays to large crowds, including many very rich people. When he is not performing, he organizes concerts for homeless people. 'They have reminded me why I became a musician, he said.
Last week, Gupta was recognized for being a founder and the artistic director of Street Symphony. The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years. Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2018 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as the “genius grant.” Each winner will receive $625,000 over five years to use as they wish. The money is coming from a private group, the John D. and Katherine T. MacArthur Foundation. It awards grants (补助金)to people whose work it considers exceptional and that “inspires hope in us all.” Gupta said he got the idea for Street Symphony while teaching Nathaniel Ayers, a trained musician whose mental illness led to homelessness.
The 31-year-old grant winner said he does not know yet how he will spend the money. He has been a performer since age seven and the award will give him "space to breathe, plan and look ahead.”
Another winner is Rebecca Sandefur an associate professor of sociology and law in the University of Illinois. The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U.S. justice system.
47-year-old Sandefur created the first national mapping of civil legal aid providers. It shows which states had the financial resources to provide such aid and which did not. She also found that the cost of legal services is only one of the things preventing poor people from getting lawyers. Among the others are fears about unfairness in the legal system. Sandefur noted that a lot of attention has been paid to problems with the criminal justice system, but more attention must be paid to the civil side of the law, which also affects millions of people.
24. Why did Gupta win the award?
A. For his achievements in classical music.
B. For performing for large crowds.
C. For organizing a group playing for the homeless.
D. For the friendship with Nathaniel Ayers.
25. What do we know about Mac Arthur Fellowship?
A. It is founded by the government.
B. It offers $625,000 to 25 winners in 2018.
C. It allows the winners to use the money freely.
D. It awards people who make great contributions to society
26. What was the extraordinary thing that Sandefiir did?
A. She made it easier to get legal help for the poor.
B. She made the legal system fairer.
C. She paid more attention to the criminal justice system.
D. She offered legal aids to the poor freely.
27. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. Grants winners, inspiring the poor
B. The city homeless, in need of help
C. Vijay Gupta , an extraordinary violinist
D. MacArthur Foundation, awarding exceptional work
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years.”可知，Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团为流浪者演奏音乐，故C项正确。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each winner will receive $625,000 over five years to use as they wish.”可知，获奖者将在五年内获得625,000美元的奖金，供其随意使用，故C项正确。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U.S. justice system.”可知，美联社称，Sandefiir的研究为贫困地区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径，由此可知，Sandefiir使穷人更容易获得法律援助，故A项正确。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。
【点睛】本篇第4题主旨大意题难度较大，因为文章分为两个部分，没有整体的主题句，这就是需要我们抓住每一部分的主题句进行总结，通读全文特别是根据第二段中的“Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2018 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as the “genius grant.””及倒数第二段中的“Another winner is Rebecca Sandefur, an associate professor of sociology and law in the University of Illinois.”可知，文章介绍了两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。
C
Solar power is helping bring about a future of cleaner energy, but there are limits to where rigid solar panels (刚性太阳能电池板)can go. A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite (钙钛矿)can go almost anywhere, says physicist Olga Malinkiewicz. We can use perovskite cells on the surfaces of the building, on the roofs of the buildings, on the roofs of the cars and on the electronic devices. We can use it on the sails. We can use it in the balls, tents and unlimited applications. Malinkiewicz says perovskite has become a favorite among solar panel researchers. Because it can be printed, everyone can use it on every surface.
Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet printer. She co-founded a company to produce them, called Soleil Technologies, after the Baltic sun goddess. Construction company Skanska is testing the panels at their Warsaw headquarters. Adam Targowski is sustainable (可持续的)development manager for Skanska. They work perfectly, even when they are not well exposed to sunlight. So we can use them in all surfaces of the building. Soleil calculates that about one square meter of panel can supply a day’s worth of power for one worker’s computer and lights. And they keep getting better as research continues, says the company’s scientific director Konrad Wojciechowski.
For other technologies, it took decades to really enter markets. Perovskite has been around only for few years in scientific research, so there is still a lot to be done, but potential is basically pretty much unlimited, I think. There are still durability and other problems to work out, but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year.
28. What do we know about perovskite solar cell from the first paragraph?
A. It’s delicate. B. It’s complex. C. It’s flexible. D. It’s expensive.
29. What does the underlined word “they” in the second paragraph refer to?
A. Skanska and Adam Targowski.
B. Malinkiewicz and Skanska.
C. Soleil Technologies.
D. Perovskite panels.
30. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It needs years to put perovskite panels into markets.
B. Scientists think perovskite panels are ready for markets.
C. Perovskite has been studied for decades.
D. Perovskite panels will soon be seen in the market.
31. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To explain how to use perovskite panels.
B. To introduce perovskite panels.
C. To advertise a new solar power cell.
D. To propose scientists to further study perovskiet cells.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite can go almost anywhere”可知，钙钛矿太阳能电池没有安装位置的限制，由此可知它具有灵活性，故C项正确。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet printer.”可知，Malinkiewicz发明了一种打印钙钛矿电池板的方法，就像喷墨打印机一样，这类钙钛矿电池板特别好用，不管是否完全暴置于日光下都很好用，由此可知they指代的就是前面提到的钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year.”可知，一些公司已经打算今年在市场上出售钙钛矿电池板了，由此可知，很快就能在市场上看到钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite (钙钛矿)can go almost anywhere”可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景，由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板，故B项正确。
【点睛】科普说明文的主旨大意题难度较大，抓住具有转折关系的句子是关键，因为转折连词往往会引出文章主题，例如本篇第4题，文章第一句说太阳能助力实现能源更加清洁的未来，但是刚性太阳能电池板的安装位置是有限制的，这个转折句引出文章主题——有一种新型的柔性电池板，它是由钙钛矿构成的，它没有安装的限制，由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板。
D
We’ve all been there: those times you need to argue your point of view to someone who you know disagrees with you. You immediately go to your keyboard and start to type out that 280-character tweet, the Facebook reply, or a paragraphs-long email. Surely the reason, logic, and strong power of your written words will convince whoever it is who disagrees with you to see your point of view. But new research suggests a different idea.
That research was conducted by Juliana Schroeder, assistant professor of University of California, Berkeley, and her colleagues. In Schroeder’s study of almost 300 people, participants were asked to watch, listen, and read arguments about subjects they agreed or disagreed with. They were asked to judge the character of the communicator and the quality of the argument. Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive (抵触的)of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.
The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician. One of us read a speech that was printed in a newspaper from a politician with whom he strongly disagreed. The next week, he heard the exact same speech playing on a radio station. He was shocked by how different his reaction was toward the politician when he read the speech compared to when he heard it. When he read the statement, the politician seemed idiotic, but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable.
So in the workplace, speaking to someone in person often involves nothing more than walking a few doors down to their office. And that’s exactly what you should do if you need to convince that boss or colleague of why your blueprint for the company or project is the right one.
Only as a last way should you try to communicate with someone who you disagree with over social media. Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point an uphill battle.
32. What’s the result of the research?
A. Written words are more logical and reasonable.
B. People prefer to communicate with key board.
C. When reading an argument, the participants were less dismissive than hearing it.
D. Oral, not written, communication works better.
33. Why is the politician mentioned in paragraph3?
A. To introduce the topic for discussion.
B. To summarize the previous paragraphs.
C. To explain why Schroeder conducted the research.
D. To introduce the politician’s speech.
34. What does the underlined word “idiotic’’in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Wise. B. Practical. C. Silly. D. Special.
35. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. To persuade your boss, you need to walk to his office and leave a message.
B. It’s difficult to fully explain your points due to social media’s limitation.
C. Arguing over social media is more convenient than speaking in person.
D. Communicating with others over social media is encouraged.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个研究发现：与意见不同的人交流的最好的方法并非是书面交流，而是当面交流。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.”可知，研究小组发现，相比观看或聆听交流者的参与者来说，阅读文字的参与者更容易有抵触情绪，也就是说口头沟通比书面沟通更好，故D项正确。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician.”可知，Schroeder的研究灵感来自于一篇关于一位政治家的报纸文章，由此可知，第三段提到政治家就是为了解释为什么Schroeder开展这项研究，故C项正确。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable”可知，这位政治家看起来好像很白痴，但当他听到这些句子时，政治家说得很有道理，由此可知画线词词义为“愚蠢的”，故C项正确。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point an uphill battle.”可知，推特有限的文字限制和社交媒体注意力的短暂，使得争论你的观点成为一场艰苦的战斗，由此可知，社交媒体的局限性使你很难解释你的观点，故B项正确。
【点睛】在词义猜测题的解题过程中，画线词前后具有转折关系的连词往往是解题的重要线索，例如本篇第3题，根据画线词后的“but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable”可知，这位政治家看起来好像很白痴，但当他听到这些句子时，政治家说得很有道理，but一词表明画线词的意思与reasonable（合理的）相反，由此可知画线词词义为“愚蠢的”。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anyone who knows me well would see me as an optimist. ___36___ This was the case for me on a particularly cold January day.
I felt exhausted by the painful challenges I was dealing with in my personal life. ___37___—The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.
About midway through the day, I left work to get some lunch. Still feeling negative, I noticed that the sun had come out for a moment. I began to think about my negative attitude and reminded myself that I was responsible for choosing my state of mind. ___38___ Even though I reminded myself of this truth, I couldn’t make the change.
As I stopped at a red light, I looked at the car in front of mine. The personalized license plate caught my eye — It read “SUNZOUT”. This brought an immediate smile to my face. ___39___ And in the midst of the longest, darkest, coldest winter, this in itself was a blessing. But then my eyes moved to the car that was next to the SUNZOUT vehicle. The license plate on that car read uGROUCH,\ This brought more than a smile to my face as I laughed out loud! Seeing the two opposite license plates at that exact moment in time strengthened my previous recognition of my ability to choose my attitude. ___40___
I returned to work and share my story with several co-workers who responded with warm laughter at what I refer to as my “message from beyond”. I learned that day that when we’re feeling too discouraged to bring ourselves out of an active state, relief is only a prayer away!
A. The weather seemed to match my mood
B. Pessimists think the opposite way, however.
C. However, even optimists can temporarily lose hope.
D. It felt like a reminder that the sun was shining after all.
E. Do you think that the sunshine will spread throughout your life?
F. I felt my spirit lift as I made the decision to choose a positive attitude.
G. While I could not ignore the pain I was going through, I could choose to think positively.
【答案】36. C 37. A
38. G 39. D
40. F
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己有一天情绪低落，当看到两个截然相反的个性车牌时心情转变的故事。
【36题详解】
前一句说任何了解我的人都会认为我是一个乐观主义者，后一句又说在一个寒冷的一月里我就是这样，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，故C项（即使是乐观主义者也可能暂时失去希望）符合语境。
【37题详解】
根据本空后的“The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.”可知，灰暗的天空甚至没有一缕阳光，故A项（天气似乎很合我的心情）符合语境。
【38题详解】
根据本空前的“I began to think about my negative attitude and reminded myself that I was responsible for choosing my state of mind.”可知，我开始思考我的消极态度，并提醒自己，我有责任选择我的心态，故G项（虽然我不能忽视我正在经历的痛苦，但我可以选择积极地思考）符合语境。
【39题详解】
根据本空前的“This brought an immediate smile to my face.”可知，这使我的脸上立刻露出了笑容，故D项（这感觉就像在提醒自己：阳光毕竟是灿烂的）符合语境。
【40题详解】
根据本空前的“Seeing the two opposite license plates at that exact moment in time strengthened my previous recognition of my ability to choose my attitude.”可知，看到那两个完全相反的车牌的那一刻加强了我之前对自己选择态度的能力的认识，此处承接上文，讲的是积极的态度对自己的影响，故F项（当我决定选择一种积极的态度时，我感到精神振奋）符合语境。
【点睛】在七选五的过程中，破折号后的内容往往是解题关键，因为它通常会起到解释说明作用，例如本篇第2题，根据破折号后的“The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.”可知，灰暗的天空甚至没有一缕阳光，A项中的The weather正好与之对应，破折号后对天气的描绘正是对A项中的The weather的解释，故A项（天气似乎很合我的心情）符合语境。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One hot summer I was traveling down the freeway on a day journey to Los Angeles. During my travel down the highway another motorist suddenly started ___41___ into my lane(车道). Being in the far right lane, my car was forced onto the ___42___ of the road. Being a professional driver, I ___43___ moved my car back onto the highway without ___44___ the violent anger caused by it to ___45___ me.
___46___ I wasn’t very happy with the person for cutting me off, I decided to consider it an honest ___47___— a lack of ___48___ to the lane change, a driver ___49___ in a good daydream. It certainly could not have been an ___50___ act. The car ___51___ after cutting me off and soon was out of sight.
After a while, I came around a bend and found the ___52___ motorist on the side of the road. He was an elderly gentleman who was ___53___ along the side of the freeway on this hot day. With the nearest ___54___ being at least twenty miles away, I decided to ___55___ and see what the problem was.
The man’s car had a ___56___ tire and while he had a spare tire, he had no tools to change it. I ___57___ to help him. Fifteen minutes later, I was hot, sweaty and ___58___, but I sure did feel ___59___ after a random act of ___60___ to someone who had earlier run me off the road.
41. A. breaking B. pushing C. rushing D. jumping
42. A. shoulder B. middle C. end D. surface
43. A. frightenedly B. nervously C. violently D. skillfully
44. A. allowing B. sweeping C. controlling D. overcoming
45. A. hurt B. consume C. stop D. approach
46. A. Because B. When C. While D. Since
47. A. apology B. joke C. challenge D. mistake
48. A. ambition B. attention C. enthusiasm D. consideration
49. A. running B. sleeping C. lost D. found
50. A. intentional B. imagined C. perfect D. amazing
51. A. broke down B. pulled up C. sped away D. powered off
52. A. regretful B. brave C. pitiful D. same
53. A. driving B. pacing C. racing D. climbing
54. A. markets B. police C. services D. gas station
55. A. sit B. respond C. return D. stop
56. A. special B. flat C. extra D. firm
57. A. decided B. refused C. hesitated D. pretended
58. A. annoyed B. dirty C. anxious D. hungry
59. A. good B. depressed C. impatient D. grateful
60. A. creation B. aggression C. heroism D. kindness
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D 56. B 57. A 58. B 59. A 60. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者以德报怨，在高速公路上帮助早些时候别过他车的人换轮胎的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. breaking闯入；B. pushing推进；C. rushing冲进；D. jumping跳入。根据本空后“into my lane(车道). Being in the far right lane, my car was forced onto the ___2___ of the road.”可知，突然，另一个司机驾车冲入我的车道，由于在最右侧的车道上，所以我的车不得不开进路肩，故C项正确。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. shoulder路肩（建在高速公路两旁给车做晋级缓冲的区域）；B. middle中间；C. end末端； D. surface表面。由于在最右侧的车道上，所以我的车不不得不开进路肩，故A项正确。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. frightenedly害怕地；B. nervously紧张地；C. violently剧烈地；D. skillfully熟练地。根据本空前的“Being a professional driver,”可知，作为一名专业司机，我熟练地把车开回到原来行使的公路上，故D项正确。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. allowing允许、让；B. sweeping扫除；C. controlling控制；D. overcoming克服。上文说我是一名专业司机，熟练地把车开回到公路上，我没有让那个司机的行为引发的怒火吞噬我，故A项正确。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. hurt伤害；B. consume 耗尽、消耗；C. stop阻止；D. approach靠近。根据上文可知，我没有让那个司机的行为引发的怒火吞噬我，故B项正确。
【46题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. Because因为；B. When当……时；C. While虽然；D. Since既然。根据本空后的“I wasn’t very happy with the person for cutting me off, I decided to consider it an honest ___7___”可知，虽然我对那个人的行为不太满意，但我还是决定把它当成一个诚实的错误，故C项正确。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. apology道歉；B. joke玩笑；C. challenge挑战；D. mistake错误。根据本空后的“a lack of ___8___ to the lane change, a driver ___9___ in a good daydream.”可知，我把它当作是司机变换车道时没有集中注意力或迷失在美好的白日梦中这样的错误，故D项正确。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. ambition 抱负；B. attention注意力； C. enthusiasm 热情；D. consideration考虑。根据本空后的“to the lane change, a driver ___9___ in a good daydream.”可知，我把它当作是司机变换车道时没有集中注意力或迷失在美好的白日梦中这样的错误，故B项正确。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. running跑；B. sleeping睡觉；C. lost迷失；D. found发现。我把它当作是司机变换车道时没有集中注意力或迷失在美好的白日梦中（指瞌睡）这样的错误，故C项正确。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. intentional故意的；B. imagined想象的；C. perfect完美的；D. amazing不可思议的。上文说我认为这是一个诚实的错误，所以它肯定不是蓄意的行为，故A项正确。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. broke down出故障；B. pulled up停下来；C. sped away迅速离去；D. powered off熄火。根据本空后的“soon was out of sight.”可知，那台车别了我一下后，迅速离去，很快就消失在视线中，故C项正确。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. regretful后悔的；B. brave英勇的；C. pitiful可怜的；D. same同样的。根据本空后的“motorist on the side of the road”可知，拐过一个弯后，我在路边发现了同一个司机，故D项正确。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. driving开车；B. pacing踱步；C. racing比赛；D. climbing爬。根据本空后的“along the side of the freeway on this hot day.”可知，在这么热的天气里，他在路边踱步，故B项正确。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. markets市场；B. police警察；C. services服务；D. gas station加油站。根据本空后的“being at least twenty miles away, I decided to ___15___ and see what the problem was.”可知，由于最近的服务站在20英里开外，所以我决定停下来看看他怎么了，故C项正确。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. sit坐；B. respond回应；C. return返回；D. stop停下。我决定停下来看看他怎么了，故D项正确。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. special特别的；B. flat扁平的（漏了气的）；C. extra多余的；D. firm坚固的。根据本空后的“tire and while he had a spare tire, he had no tools to change it.”可知，他的车胎没气了，虽然有备用轮胎，但是他没有工具换胎，故B项正确。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. decided决定；B. refused拒绝； C. hesitated犹豫； D. pretended假装。根据本空后的“to help him. Fifteen minutes later, I was hot, sweaty and ___18___,”可知，我决定帮他，几分钟后我就又热又脏，浑身是汗，故A项正确。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. dirty脏的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. hungry饿的。在那么热的天气里换轮胎，肯定是又热又脏，浑身是汗，故B项正确。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. good好的；B. depressed沮丧的； C. impatient不耐烦的；D. grateful感激的。根据本空后的“after a random act of ___20___ to someone who had earlier run me off the road.”可知，在为早些时候别了我一下的人做了一个偶然的善举之后，我感觉很好，故A项正确。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. creation创造；B. aggression侵权；C. heroism英雄行为；D. kindness好意、善良。在为早些时候别了我一下的人做了一个偶然的善举之后，我感觉很好，故D项正确。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many high school students in the United States get training in construction skills by building real houses. The project ___61___ (run) by the Waterloo Career Center. The center offers students different programs designed ___62___ (prepare) them for careers in technical fields.
Students from the Waterloo Community School District ___63___ (recent) took part in construction training that centered on the skill of masonry (砖石建筑)—work done with stone, brick or concrete materials. The students spent five days at their school learning ___64___ experienced workers from the Masonry Institute of Iowa, a ___65___(profession) organization. The workers taught the students ___66___ to mix mortar (砂浆)and build walls with bricks and blocks. The students moved the mortar onto ___67___ (piece) of wood and then added bricks and blocks to form walls.
Chris Busch helped oversee the students’ efforts. As the students worked, Busch ___68___(offer) them an important piece of advice. He told the students to be sure to use a leveling tool to check that the wall stands straight and level. West High student Nathan Elliott told the Waterloo-Cedar Falls Courier newspaper that this kind of learning was much better ___69___ sitting at a computer. Other students also said it got them ____70____(excite) about future careers in construction.
【答案】61. is run
62. to prepare
63. recently
64. from 65. professional
66. how 67. pieces
68. offered
69. than 70. excited
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由滑铁卢职业中心运营的建筑培训项目，该项目旨在为学生们在技术领域的职业生涯做好准备，参加该项目的高中生高度肯定了它。
【61题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：该项目由滑铁卢职业中心运营。文章基础时态为一般现在时，The project与run之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，run为不规则动词，过去分词为run，故填is run。
【62题详解】
考查不定式。句意：该中心为学生提供多种旨在为他们在技术领域的职业生涯做好准备的项目。be designed to do表示“旨在”，故填to prepare。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：滑铁卢社区学校的学生最近参加了以砖石建筑技术为中心的建筑培训。修饰动词短语took part in用副词，故填recently。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：学生们在学校里呆了五天，向专业机构爱荷华州砌体学会经验丰富的工人学习。learn from表示“向……学习”，故填from。
【65题详解】
考察形容词。句意参考上题解析，修饰名词organization用形容词，故填professional。
【66题详解】
考查疑问词+不定式结构。句意：工人们教学生们如何混合砂浆并用砖和木头砌墙。此处为疑问词+不定式结构，how to do表示“如何做某事”。故填how。
【67题详解】
考查名词。句意：学生们把砂浆搬到一块块木头上然后加砖加块砌成墙。piece是可数名词，pieces of表示“一块块”，故填pieces。
【68题详解】
考查时态。句意：在学生们工作的时候，布希给了他们一条重要的建议。worked表明此处用一般过去时，故填offered。
【69题详解】
考查介词。句意：韦斯特高中的内森艾利奥特告诉Waterloo-Cedar Falls Courier报说这种学习方式比坐在电脑前要好得多。much better表明此处用than。
【70题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其他学生也表示，这让他们对未来的建筑职业感到兴奋。修饰人用ed结尾的形容词，表示“感到……的”，故填excited。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A man stops at a flower shop to order some flowers to be wired to his mother who lived two hundreds miles away. As he got out his car, he noticed a little girl sobbing there. When ask why, she said, “I want to buy a rose for my mother, and I have no money.” The man bought a rose for the girl. As they were leaving he offered the girl the ride home. But the girl directed him to a cemetery, when she placed the rose on a fresh dug grave (坟墓). The man returned to the flower shop, and canceled the wire order, picked up a bouquet and driving to his mother’s house.
【答案】stops→stopped
hunderds→hundred
out后面加上of
ask→asked
and→but
the→a
when→where
fresh→freshly
去掉canceled前的and
driving→drove
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个男人为一个小女孩给她死去的妈妈买花的故事。
【详解】第一处：考查时态。句意：一个男人在一家花店停了下来订购一些花，汇给住在200英里之外的母亲。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故stops→stopped。
第二处：考查数词。句意参考上题解析,hundred作定语不能用复数，故hunderds→hundred。
第三处：考查介词。句意：下车的时候，他注意到一个女孩在那哭泣。get out of表示“从……出来”，故out后面加上of。
第四处：考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问到为什么哭时，她说“我想给妈妈买朵玫瑰花，但是我没有钱。”在when引导的时间状语从句中，当主从句主语一致，且含有be的某种形式时，从句的主语和be可以省略， she与ask之间是被动关系，本句中相当于省略了she was，故ask→asked。
第五处：考查连词。句意参考上题解析，想买花与没有钱之间是转折关系，故and→but。
第六处：考查冠词。句意：他们离开花店的时候，他主动提出送小女孩回家。offer sb a ride表示“载某人一程”，故the→a。
第七处：考查非限定性定语从句。句意：但小女孩把他带到一个墓地，在那她把花放在一个新挖的坟墓上。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为cemetery，指地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故when→where。
第八处：考查副词。句意参考上题解析，修饰动词dug用副词，故fresh→freshly。
第九处：考查连词。句意：那个男人返回到花店，取消了订单，拿起一束花，开车去他母亲家。returned，canceled ，picked 以及drove是四个并列的动作，最后一个动词前用and，canceled前的and是多余的，故去掉canceled前的and。
第十处：考查动词。句意参考上题解析，此处与returned，canceled ，picked是四个并列的动作，应该用一般过去时，故driving→drove。
第二节:书面表达(满分25分)
72.假定你是学校对外联络部长李华，暑假将带队去英国友好学校交流。请你给对方负责人 Smith先生写一封邮件，洽谈相关事项，内容包括:
1. 访问的具体时间；
2. 希望参加的活动。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I'm Li Hua，minister of external liaison of our school. Planning to take a group to pay a visit to your school next month, I'm writing to confirm some information. We will arrive at 9 a.m. on July 20, and then we will begin the 2-day visit. We have a very tight schedule. As has been planned, we will visit the school history museum, because we are all extremely interested in the splendid history of your school. Then we will have a communicating meeting, where we students can communicate with each other and exchange opinions on society, culture, education and so on.Besides, we will visit some places of interest, which is what we have been longing for.
I hope we will have a meaningful trip there!
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是学校对外联络部长李华，暑假将带队去英国友好学校交流。请你给对方负责人 Smith先生写一封邮件，洽谈相关事项，内容包括: 1. 访问的具体时间；2. 希望参加的活动。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；minister of external liaison（外联部部长），tight（紧的），schedule（行程），plan（计划），school history museum（校史馆），extremely（极其、非常），communicate（交流），splendid（辉煌的）及exchange（交换）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有be interested in（对……感兴趣），plan to do（计划做），communicate with (与某人交流)，places of interest（名胜古迹）， pay a visit to（拜访）以及long for（盼望），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“Then we will have a communicating meeting, where we students can communicate with each other and exchange opinions on society, culture, education and so on.”及“Besides, we will visit some places of interest, which is what we have been longing for.”，状语从句“As has been planned, we will visit the school history museum, because we are all extremely interested in the splendid history of your school.”，宾语从句“I hope we will have a meaningful trip there!”，非谓语动词“Planning to take a group to pay a visit to your school next month, I'm writing to confirm some information.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
英语试题
(考试时间:120分钟试卷满分:150分)
注意:
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上， 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Buy a new dress. B. Exchange the dress. C. Get the dress tailored.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: I’m gonna throw out this ugly dress! I don’t even remember why I bought it in the first place!
M: Well, it’s such a beautiful material. Just get it to a tailor. A few changes will make it lovely.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. A birthday celebration. B. A fancy restaurant. C. A holiday plan.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
M: Father’s sixtieth birthday is coming.
W: How should we celebrate it for him?
M: I plan to take the whole family for a big meal in a fancy restaurant. I’ll also invite some relatives.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman do for Mary last night?
A. She fixed Mary’s car.
B. She gave Mary a phone call.
C. She let Mary sleep in her house.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Guess what happened to me last night.
M: What was it?
W: My phone rang when I was sound asleep. It was my friend Mary. Her car couldn’t start when she passed my house. So I invited her to spend the night.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Where do the speakers plan to go?
A. The theater. B. Their mom’s office. C. Their grandma’s house.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Do you want to watch a movie tonight?
M: No, I want to spend the night at grandma’s.
W: If you go, I’ll go with you. I miss her so much.
M: Then let’s go over to her place after Mom comes back.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Who will begin the lecture now?
A. Prof. Brookings. B. Dr. Mildens. C. Dr. White.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
M: Before we begin today’s lecture, I want to invite Dr. Kathleen White to talk about the plan for the afternoon.
W: Prof. Brookings, I just talked to Dr. White. She said she will be a little late today because she got stuck in traffic.
M: Oh, thank you, Dr. Mildens. In that case, I’ll begin the lecture now, and Dr. White can tell us about the afternoon later on.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
6. What did the woman do at the Media Camp?
A. She learned poster design.
B. She studied film-making.
C. She wrote for a magazine.
7. Why did the woman spend her holiday there?
A. To visit her brother. B. To try something different. C. To work in the movie industry.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
M: Did you and your brother have a good time at the Media Camp?
W: Yes, it was great. He went for film-making and I chose poster design.
M: What made you decide to go there? Did your brother talk you into it(说服)?
W: Actually I persuaded him. I read about it in a magazine. I knew he’d be interested because he wants to work in the movie industry. I don’t, but I was getting a bit fed up with(对……厌倦) always spending the summer doing the same old things, so I applied as soon as I heard about it.
【6题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does Julia’s friend’s band need?
A. A singer. B. A pianist. C. A guitar player.
9. How many members are there in the man’s band?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
10. What does the man offer to do for the woman?
A. Meet her in the garage.
B. Introduce her to his band.
C. Provide a place for her practice.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
M: Hey Julia. You look unhappy. What’s the matter?
W: Oh hi, James. I really want to be in my friend’s band, but they say I can’t sing.
M: Well, you’ve got a great new electric guitar, haven’t you?
W: Yes, but they don’t need another guitar player.
M: You see, I play in a band. Perhaps you could play with us. I’ll ask the others.
W: Really? Who’s in your band?
M: There’s Pete and Danny. They’re brothers. And then there’s Joe—the pianist, you know, the tall American boy. We need a girl in the band. Let me ask them.
W: OK. We can practice in my garage.
【8题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【10题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
11. What does the woman do?
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A lawyer.
12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Sister and brother.
13. What will the man probably do next month?
A. Study in a school. B. Give up the boring task. C. Work with the woman.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C
【解析】
M: Next month all the people in our class have to spend a week going to work instead of going to school. I wondered if I could come to work with you.
W: But you don’t want to be a lawyer. You’ve always said you want to do something different from your dad and me. Let’s think of somewhere else you could go, like a hospital.
M: But I might want to be a lawyer.
W: What are all your friends going to do during this special week?
M: Most of them want to work with children in a primary school for a week. I really want to know what a lawyer is really like and what you really do.
W: Well, I’m not happy about it. But if it’s what you really want and you promise not to be upset if you’re bored, I’ll do it.
M: OK, I promise.
【11题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【13题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
14. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. The man’s favorite food. B. Popular food in Belgium. C. Belgian eating habits.
15. How long did the man’s Christmas dinner take last year?
A. About 6 hours. B. About 5 hours. C. About 3 hours.
16. What may people there do after a big dinner?
A. They eat as much as usual
B. They take exercise to keep fit.
C. They eat less in the following days.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
W: Chris, I would like to know, what kind of food you eat in Belgium.
M: We have our fish, our meat, our wines, our fruit…
W: I mean what is popular about Belgian food?
M: Well, it’s a bit different in Belgium as I think it is here in New York. We really enjoy the tables.
We don’t go out for dinner that often but when we go out we stay at a table for three or four hours. It starts with appetizers, then it may be a soup, then it’s the main dish, then it’s still an ice-cream or something.
W: It takes so much time to have dinner in your country!
M: Yeah. We really enjoy eating and it goes slow. Last winter, a friend from Portugal went to Belgium with me. For Christmas dinner, we met at 5:30 and then we started with some drinks. I think we ate from 6 o’clock in the afternoon till 12 o’clock that night.
W: Wow! You must be fat there if you eat that much.
M: In fact we don’t. We don’t do it that often, but if we do, then of course the next day or the next few days you see people just don’t eat much.
【14题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
17. What prizes were given last week?
A. Sports bags. B. I-Watches. C. Pens.
18. When was the show broadcast for the first time?
A. A week ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago.
19. What does the speaker say about the footballer?
A. He can speak French. B. He has a famous wife. C. He owns a club.
20. How will the listeners tell their answers?
A. By making a call. B. By writing a letter. C. By sending a postcard.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
W: And now for our Mystery Person of the week and your chance to win one of our amazing prizes. Last week’s competition produced a huge response and the first five answers pulled out of the box received $100 worth of sports bags. And if you didn’t win last week, here’s another chance. And this week’s prize is even bigger. We are giving away ten prizes of$250 worth of i-Watches to mark the first anniversary of the show, so get your pens ready to take down the address details. Just write the name of the person you think is our Mystery Person and send it to Mystery Draw, PO Box 5110, London. The address will be repeated at the end of the show for those of you who didn’t get it. And now let me introduce our mystery person this week. He is a very well-known footballer who plays for a famous club, and has also played for his national team. He is very talented and is very popular, especially for the part he played in a famous footballing victory. He has no famous wife, and speaks French but not a Frenchman. If you think you know who he is, then send your answer on a postcard to Mystery Draw, PO Box 5110, London. That’s PO Box 5110. We don’t accept letters. And please don’t forget to write your name and telephone number, too.
【17题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Great Wall, China
Stretching over 21,000 kilometers, the Great Wall was built to prevent invasions and has a history of more than 2,000 years. UNESCO in February 2019 calls it an absolute masterpiece, not only because of the ambitious character of the undertaking but also the perfection of its construction.”
But perfection isn’t protection. 51.2 percent of the Great Wall had either already disappeared or is at a significant risk of disappearing. Besides for wind and rain erosion, the main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall are human factors such as tourism, construction, human contact and so on.
Pamukkale，Turkey
Pamukkale, which means “cotton castle” in Turkish, is famous for its shining white calcite terraces (方解石阶地)with warm and mineral-rich waters overrun.
Before being listed as a World Heritage Site in 1988, Pamukkale had been severely damaged by human activities. People used hot spring water to fill swimming pools, some visitors stood on the rocks and some even bathed in the hot springs with soap and shampoo. To protect the terraces, the Turkish government has decided to pull down the hotels and require all tourists to visit this site barefoot.
Great Barrier Reef, Australia
Home to 400 types of coral and 1,500 species of fish, the Great Barrier Reef draws visitors to Australia from all over the world.
However, the Great Barrier Reef is expected to suffer from increasingly frequent bleaching events, cases in which corals turn white and may die, according to a UNESCO report. The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.
The Dead Sea, Jordan
At 423 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is 10 times saltier than the ocean, meaning that the water is so dense, even tourists who can9t swim will be able to float.
But the seaside resorts built in the 1980s now sit kilometers away from the water’s edge, which has lost half of its surface area in the past 40 years. The damage is irreversible due to the nature of the mineral industry and the type of agricultural use that has drained the water.
21. Which are you required to visit without shoes?
A. The Great Wall, China.
B. Pamukkale, Turkey.
C. Great Barrier Reef, Australia.
D. The Dead Sea, Jordan.
22. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall come from wind and rain erosion.
B. Pamukkale was damaged by human activities after 1988.
C. Pollution and the heat waves caused by global warming kill much coral in the Great Barrier Reef.
D. Half of the Dead Sea surface area has disappeared in the past two decades.
23. What do the above spots have in common?
A. They are all famous endangered natural spots.
B. They’re damaged only from human activities.
C. They all draw the attention of the governments.
D. They’re all seriously damaged.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上的四大景观——中国长城、土耳其棉花堡、澳大利亚大堡礁和约旦死海，它们都受到了严重的破坏。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pamukkale，Turkey中的“To protect the terraces, the Turkish government has decided to pull down the hotels and require all tourists to visit this site barefoot.”可知，为了保护方解石阶地，土耳其政府决定所有游客必须赤脚参观棉花堡，故B项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Great Barrier Reef, Australia中的“The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.”可知，全球变暖引发的热浪杀死了大堡礁里一半的珊瑚，来自工业和捕鱼业的污染也是极大的担忧，故C项正确。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Great Wall, China 中的“51.2 percent of the Great Wall had either already disappeared or is at a significant risk of disappearing.”，Pamukkale，Turkey中的“Pamukkale had been severely damaged by human activities.”，Great Barrier Reef, Australia中的“The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.”及The Dead Sea, Jordan中的“The damage is irreversible due to the nature of the mineral industry and the type of agricultural use that has drained the water.”可知，中国长城、土耳其棉花堡、澳大利亚大堡礁和约旦死海都受到了严重的破坏。故D项正确。
B
Vijay Gupta is known to classical music lovers across the United States. He serves as first violinist for the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In that job, he often plays to large crowds, including many very rich people. When he is not performing, he organizes concerts for homeless people. 'They have reminded me why I became a musician, he said.
Last week, Gupta was recognized for being a founder and the artistic director of Street Symphony. The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years. Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2018 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as the “genius grant.” Each winner will receive $625,000 over five years to use as they wish. The money is coming from a private group, the John D. and Katherine T. MacArthur Foundation. It awards grants (补助金)to people whose work it considers exceptional and that “inspires hope in us all.” Gupta said he got the idea for Street Symphony while teaching Nathaniel Ayers, a trained musician whose mental illness led to homelessness.
The 31-year-old grant winner said he does not know yet how he will spend the money. He has been a performer since age seven and the award will give him "space to breathe, plan and look ahead.”
Another winner is Rebecca Sandefur an associate professor of sociology and law in the University of Illinois. The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U.S. justice system.
47-year-old Sandefur created the first national mapping of civil legal aid providers. It shows which states had the financial resources to provide such aid and which did not. She also found that the cost of legal services is only one of the things preventing poor people from getting lawyers. Among the others are fears about unfairness in the legal system. Sandefur noted that a lot of attention has been paid to problems with the criminal justice system, but more attention must be paid to the civil side of the law, which also affects millions of people.
24. Why did Gupta win the award?
A. For his achievements in classical music.
B. For performing for large crowds.
C. For organizing a group playing for the homeless.
D. For the friendship with Nathaniel Ayers.
25. What do we know about Mac Arthur Fellowship?
A. It is founded by the government.
B. It offers $625,000 to 25 winners in 2018.
C. It allows the winners to use the money freely.
D. It awards people who make great contributions to society
26. What was the extraordinary thing that Sandefiir did?
A. She made it easier to get legal help for the poor.
B. She made the legal system fairer.
C. She paid more attention to the criminal justice system.
D. She offered legal aids to the poor freely.
27. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. Grants winners, inspiring the poor
B. The city homeless, in need of help
C. Vijay Gupta , an extraordinary violinist
D. MacArthur Foundation, awarding exceptional work
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years.”可知，Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团为流浪者演奏音乐，故C项正确。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each winner will receive $625,000 over five years to use as they wish.”可知，获奖者将在五年内获得625,000美元的奖金，供其随意使用，故C项正确。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U.S. justice system.”可知，美联社称，Sandefiir的研究为贫困地区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径，由此可知，Sandefiir使穷人更容易获得法律援助，故A项正确。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。
【点睛】本篇第4题主旨大意题难度较大，因为文章分为两个部分，没有整体的主题句，这就是需要我们抓住每一部分的主题句进行总结，通读全文特别是根据第二段中的“Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2018 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as the “genius grant.””及倒数第二段中的“Another winner is Rebecca Sandefur, an associate professor of sociology and law in the University of Illinois.”可知，文章介绍了两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefiir分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。
C
Solar power is helping bring about a future of cleaner energy, but there are limits to where rigid solar panels (刚性太阳能电池板)can go. A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite (钙钛矿)can go almost anywhere, says physicist Olga Malinkiewicz. We can use perovskite cells on the surfaces of the building, on the roofs of the buildings, on the roofs of the cars and on the electronic devices. We can use it on the sails. We can use it in the balls, tents and unlimited applications. Malinkiewicz says perovskite has become a favorite among solar panel researchers. Because it can be printed, everyone can use it on every surface.
Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet printer. She co-founded a company to produce them, called Soleil Technologies, after the Baltic sun goddess. Construction company Skanska is testing the panels at their Warsaw headquarters. Adam Targowski is sustainable (可持续的)development manager for Skanska. They work perfectly, even when they are not well exposed to sunlight. So we can use them in all surfaces of the building. Soleil calculates that about one square meter of panel can supply a day’s worth of power for one worker’s computer and lights. And they keep getting better as research continues, says the company’s scientific director Konrad Wojciechowski.
For other technologies, it took decades to really enter markets. Perovskite has been around only for few years in scientific research, so there is still a lot to be done, but potential is basically pretty much unlimited, I think. There are still durability and other problems to work out, but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year.
28. What do we know about perovskite solar cell from the first paragraph?
A. It’s delicate. B. It’s complex. C. It’s flexible. D. It’s expensive.
29. What does the underlined word “they” in the second paragraph refer to?
A. Skanska and Adam Targowski.
B. Malinkiewicz and Skanska.
C. Soleil Technologies.
D. Perovskite panels.
30. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It needs years to put perovskite panels into markets.
B. Scientists think perovskite panels are ready for markets.
C. Perovskite has been studied for decades.
D. Perovskite panels will soon be seen in the market.
31. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To explain how to use perovskite panels.
B. To introduce perovskite panels.
C. To advertise a new solar power cell.
D. To propose scientists to further study perovskiet cells.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite can go almost anywhere”可知，钙钛矿太阳能电池没有安装位置的限制，由此可知它具有灵活性，故C项正确。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet printer.”可知，Malinkiewicz发明了一种打印钙钛矿电池板的方法，就像喷墨打印机一样，这类钙钛矿电池板特别好用，不管是否完全暴置于日光下都很好用，由此可知they指代的就是前面提到的钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year.”可知，一些公司已经打算今年在市场上出售钙钛矿电池板了，由此可知，很快就能在市场上看到钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite (钙钛矿)can go almost anywhere”可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景，由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板，故B项正确。
【点睛】科普说明文的主旨大意题难度较大，抓住具有转折关系的句子是关键，因为转折连词往往会引出文章主题，例如本篇第4题，文章第一句说太阳能助力实现能源更加清洁的未来，但是刚性太阳能电池板的安装位置是有限制的，这个转折句引出文章主题——有一种新型的柔性电池板，它是由钙钛矿构成的，它没有安装的限制，由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板。
D
We’ve all been there: those times you need to argue your point of view to someone who you know disagrees with you. You immediately go to your keyboard and start to type out that 280-character tweet, the Facebook reply, or a paragraphs-long email. Surely the reason, logic, and strong power of your written words will convince whoever it is who disagrees with you to see your point of view. But new research suggests a different idea.
That research was conducted by Juliana Schroeder, assistant professor of University of California, Berkeley, and her colleagues. In Schroeder’s study of almost 300 people, participants were asked to watch, listen, and read arguments about subjects they agreed or disagreed with. They were asked to judge the character of the communicator and the quality of the argument. Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive (抵触的)of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.
The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician. One of us read a speech that was printed in a newspaper from a politician with whom he strongly disagreed. The next week, he heard the exact same speech playing on a radio station. He was shocked by how different his reaction was toward the politician when he read the speech compared to when he heard it. When he read the statement, the politician seemed idiotic, but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable.
So in the workplace, speaking to someone in person often involves nothing more than walking a few doors down to their office. And that’s exactly what you should do if you need to convince that boss or colleague of why your blueprint for the company or project is the right one.
Only as a last way should you try to communicate with someone who you disagree with over social media. Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point an uphill battle.
32. What’s the result of the research?
A. Written words are more logical and reasonable.
B. People prefer to communicate with key board.
C. When reading an argument, the participants were less dismissive than hearing it.
D. Oral, not written, communication works better.
33. Why is the politician mentioned in paragraph3?
A. To introduce the topic for discussion.
B. To summarize the previous paragraphs.
C. To explain why Schroeder conducted the research.
D. To introduce the politician’s speech.
34. What does the underlined word “idiotic’’in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Wise. B. Practical. C. Silly. D. Special.
35. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. To persuade your boss, you need to walk to his office and leave a message.
B. It’s difficult to fully explain your points due to social media’s limitation.
C. Arguing over social media is more convenient than speaking in person.
D. Communicating with others over social media is encouraged.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个研究发现：与意见不同的人交流的最好的方法并非是书面交流，而是当面交流。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.”可知，研究小组发现，相比观看或聆听交流者的参与者来说，阅读文字的参与者更容易有抵触情绪，也就是说口头沟通比书面沟通更好，故D项正确。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician.”可知，Schroeder的研究灵感来自于一篇关于一位政治家的报纸文章，由此可知，第三段提到政治家就是为了解释为什么Schroeder开展这项研究，故C项正确。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable”可知，这位政治家看起来好像很白痴，但当他听到这些句子时，政治家说得很有道理，由此可知画线词词义为“愚蠢的”，故C项正确。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point an uphill battle.”可知，推特有限的文字限制和社交媒体注意力的短暂，使得争论你的观点成为一场艰苦的战斗，由此可知，社交媒体的局限性使你很难解释你的观点，故B项正确。
【点睛】在词义猜测题的解题过程中，画线词前后具有转折关系的连词往往是解题的重要线索，例如本篇第3题，根据画线词后的“but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable”可知，这位政治家看起来好像很白痴，但当他听到这些句子时，政治家说得很有道理，but一词表明画线词的意思与reasonable（合理的）相反，由此可知画线词词义为“愚蠢的”。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anyone who knows me well would see me as an optimist. ___36___ This was the case for me on a particularly cold January day.
I felt exhausted by the painful challenges I was dealing with in my personal life. ___37___—The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.
About midway through the day, I left work to get some lunch. Still feeling negative, I noticed that the sun had come out for a moment. I began to think about my negative attitude and reminded myself that I was responsible for choosing my state of mind. ___38___ Even though I reminded myself of this truth, I couldn’t make the change.
As I stopped at a red light, I looked at the car in front of mine. The personalized license plate caught my eye — It read “SUNZOUT”. This brought an immediate smile to my face. ___39___ And in the midst of the longest, darkest, coldest winter, this in itself was a blessing. But then my eyes moved to the car that was next to the SUNZOUT vehicle. The license plate on that car read uGROUCH,\ This brought more than a smile to my face as I laughed out loud! Seeing the two opposite license plates at that exact moment in time strengthened my previous recognition of my ability to choose my attitude. ___40___
I returned to work and share my story with several co-workers who responded with warm laughter at what I refer to as my “message from beyond”. I learned that day that when we’re feeling too discouraged to bring ourselves out of an active state, relief is only a prayer away!
A. The weather seemed to match my mood
B. Pessimists think the opposite way, however.
C. However, even optimists can temporarily lose hope.
D. It felt like a reminder that the sun was shining after all.
E. Do you think that the sunshine will spread throughout your life?
F. I felt my spirit lift as I made the decision to choose a positive attitude.
G. While I could not ignore the pain I was going through, I could choose to think positively.
【答案】36. C 37. A
38. G 39. D
40. F
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己有一天情绪低落，当看到两个截然相反的个性车牌时心情转变的故事。
【36题详解】
前一句说任何了解我的人都会认为我是一个乐观主义者，后一句又说在一个寒冷的一月里我就是这样，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，故C项（即使是乐观主义者也可能暂时失去希望）符合语境。
【37题详解】
根据本空后的“The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.”可知，灰暗的天空甚至没有一缕阳光，故A项（天气似乎很合我的心情）符合语境。
【38题详解】
根据本空前的“I began to think about my negative attitude and reminded myself that I was responsible for choosing my state of mind.”可知，我开始思考我的消极态度，并提醒自己，我有责任选择我的心态，故G项（虽然我不能忽视我正在经历的痛苦，但我可以选择积极地思考）符合语境。
【39题详解】
根据本空前的“This brought an immediate smile to my face.”可知，这使我的脸上立刻露出了笑容，故D项（这感觉就像在提醒自己：阳光毕竟是灿烂的）符合语境。
【40题详解】
根据本空前的“Seeing the two opposite license plates at that exact moment in time strengthened my previous recognition of my ability to choose my attitude.”可知，看到那两个完全相反的车牌的那一刻加强了我之前对自己选择态度的能力的认识，此处承接上文，讲的是积极的态度对自己的影响，故F项（当我决定选择一种积极的态度时，我感到精神振奋）符合语境。
【点睛】在七选五的过程中，破折号后的内容往往是解题关键，因为它通常会起到解释说明作用，例如本篇第2题，根据破折号后的“The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.”可知，灰暗的天空甚至没有一缕阳光，A项中的The weather正好与之对应，破折号后对天气的描绘正是对A项中的The weather的解释，故A项（天气似乎很合我的心情）符合语境。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One hot summer I was traveling down the freeway on a day journey to Los Angeles. During my travel down the highway another motorist suddenly started ___41___ into my lane(车道). Being in the far right lane, my car was forced onto the ___42___ of the road. Being a professional driver, I ___43___ moved my car back onto the highway without ___44___ the violent anger caused by it to ___45___ me.
___46___ I wasn’t very happy with the person for cutting me off, I decided to consider it an honest ___47___— a lack of ___48___ to the lane change, a driver ___49___ in a good daydream. It certainly could not have been an ___50___ act. The car ___51___ after cutting me off and soon was out of sight.
After a while, I came around a bend and found the ___52___ motorist on the side of the road. He was an elderly gentleman who was ___53___ along the side of the freeway on this hot day. With the nearest ___54___ being at least twenty miles away, I decided to ___55___ and see what the problem was.
The man’s car had a ___56___ tire and while he had a spare tire, he had no tools to change it. I ___57___ to help him. Fifteen minutes later, I was hot, sweaty and ___58___, but I sure did feel ___59___ after a random act of ___60___ to someone who had earlier run me off the road.
41. A. breaking B. pushing C. rushing D. jumping
42. A. shoulder B. middle C. end D. surface
43. A. frightenedly B. nervously C. violently D. skillfully
44. A. allowing B. sweeping C. controlling D. overcoming
45. A. hurt B. consume C. stop D. approach
46. A. Because B. When C. While D. Since
47. A. apology B. joke C. challenge D. mistake
48. A. ambition B. attention C. enthusiasm D. consideration
49. A. running B. sleeping C. lost D. found
50. A. intentional B. imagined C. perfect D. amazing
51. A. broke down B. pulled up C. sped away D. powered off
52. A. regretful B. brave C. pitiful D. same
53. A. driving B. pacing C. racing D. climbing
54. A. markets B. police C. services D. gas station
55. A. sit B. respond C. return D. stop
56. A. special B. flat C. extra D. firm
57. A. decided B. refused C. hesitated D. pretended
58. A. annoyed B. dirty C. anxious D. hungry
59. A. good B. depressed C. impatient D. grateful
60. A. creation B. aggression C. heroism D. kindness
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D 56. B 57. A 58. B 59. A 60. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者以德报怨，在高速公路上帮助早些时候别过他车的人换轮胎的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. breaking闯入；B. pushing推进；C. rushing冲进；D. jumping跳入。根据本空后“into my lane(车道). Being in the far right lane, my car was forced onto the ___2___ of the road.”可知，突然，另一个司机驾车冲入我的车道，由于在最右侧的车道上，所以我的车不得不开进路肩，故C项正确。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. shoulder路肩（建在高速公路两旁给车做晋级缓冲的区域）；B. middle中间；C. end末端； D. surface表面。由于在最右侧的车道上，所以我的车不不得不开进路肩，故A项正确。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. frightenedly害怕地；B. nervously紧张地；C. violently剧烈地；D. skillfully熟练地。根据本空前的“Being a professional driver,”可知，作为一名专业司机，我熟练地把车开回到原来行使的公路上，故D项正确。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. allowing允许、让；B. sweeping扫除；C. controlling控制；D. overcoming克服。上文说我是一名专业司机，熟练地把车开回到公路上，我没有让那个司机的行为引发的怒火吞噬我，故A项正确。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. hurt伤害；B. consume 耗尽、消耗；C. stop阻止；D. approach靠近。根据上文可知，我没有让那个司机的行为引发的怒火吞噬我，故B项正确。
【46题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. Because因为；B. When当……时；C. While虽然；D. Since既然。根据本空后的“I wasn’t very happy with the person for cutting me off, I decided to consider it an honest ___7___”可知，虽然我对那个人的行为不太满意，但我还是决定把它当成一个诚实的错误，故C项正确。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. apology道歉；B. joke玩笑；C. challenge挑战；D. mistake错误。根据本空后的“a lack of ___8___ to the lane change, a driver ___9___ in a good daydream.”可知，我把它当作是司机变换车道时没有集中注意力或迷失在美好的白日梦中这样的错误，故D项正确。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. ambition 抱负；B. attention注意力； C. enthusiasm 热情；D. consideration考虑。根据本空后的“to the lane change, a driver ___9___ in a good daydream.”可知，我把它当作是司机变换车道时没有集中注意力或迷失在美好的白日梦中这样的错误，故B项正确。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. running跑；B. sleeping睡觉；C. lost迷失；D. found发现。我把它当作是司机变换车道时没有集中注意力或迷失在美好的白日梦中（指瞌睡）这样的错误，故C项正确。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. intentional故意的；B. imagined想象的；C. perfect完美的；D. amazing不可思议的。上文说我认为这是一个诚实的错误，所以它肯定不是蓄意的行为，故A项正确。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. broke down出故障；B. pulled up停下来；C. sped away迅速离去；D. powered off熄火。根据本空后的“soon was out of sight.”可知，那台车别了我一下后，迅速离去，很快就消失在视线中，故C项正确。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. regretful后悔的；B. brave英勇的；C. pitiful可怜的；D. same同样的。根据本空后的“motorist on the side of the road”可知，拐过一个弯后，我在路边发现了同一个司机，故D项正确。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. driving开车；B. pacing踱步；C. racing比赛；D. climbing爬。根据本空后的“along the side of the freeway on this hot day.”可知，在这么热的天气里，他在路边踱步，故B项正确。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. markets市场；B. police警察；C. services服务；D. gas station加油站。根据本空后的“being at least twenty miles away, I decided to ___15___ and see what the problem was.”可知，由于最近的服务站在20英里开外，所以我决定停下来看看他怎么了，故C项正确。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. sit坐；B. respond回应；C. return返回；D. stop停下。我决定停下来看看他怎么了，故D项正确。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. special特别的；B. flat扁平的（漏了气的）；C. extra多余的；D. firm坚固的。根据本空后的“tire and while he had a spare tire, he had no tools to change it.”可知，他的车胎没气了，虽然有备用轮胎，但是他没有工具换胎，故B项正确。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. decided决定；B. refused拒绝； C. hesitated犹豫； D. pretended假装。根据本空后的“to help him. Fifteen minutes later, I was hot, sweaty and ___18___,”可知，我决定帮他，几分钟后我就又热又脏，浑身是汗，故A项正确。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. dirty脏的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. hungry饿的。在那么热的天气里换轮胎，肯定是又热又脏，浑身是汗，故B项正确。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. good好的；B. depressed沮丧的； C. impatient不耐烦的；D. grateful感激的。根据本空后的“after a random act of ___20___ to someone who had earlier run me off the road.”可知，在为早些时候别了我一下的人做了一个偶然的善举之后，我感觉很好，故A项正确。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. creation创造；B. aggression侵权；C. heroism英雄行为；D. kindness好意、善良。在为早些时候别了我一下的人做了一个偶然的善举之后，我感觉很好，故D项正确。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many high school students in the United States get training in construction skills by building real houses. The project ___61___ (run) by the Waterloo Career Center. The center offers students different programs designed ___62___ (prepare) them for careers in technical fields.
Students from the Waterloo Community School District ___63___ (recent) took part in construction training that centered on the skill of masonry (砖石建筑)—work done with stone, brick or concrete materials. The students spent five days at their school learning ___64___ experienced workers from the Masonry Institute of Iowa, a ___65___(profession) organization. The workers taught the students ___66___ to mix mortar (砂浆)and build walls with bricks and blocks. The students moved the mortar onto ___67___ (piece) of wood and then added bricks and blocks to form walls.
Chris Busch helped oversee the students’ efforts. As the students worked, Busch ___68___(offer) them an important piece of advice. He told the students to be sure to use a leveling tool to check that the wall stands straight and level. West High student Nathan Elliott told the Waterloo-Cedar Falls Courier newspaper that this kind of learning was much better ___69___ sitting at a computer. Other students also said it got them ____70____(excite) about future careers in construction.
【答案】61. is run
62. to prepare
63. recently
64. from 65. professional
66. how 67. pieces
68. offered
69. than 70. excited
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由滑铁卢职业中心运营的建筑培训项目，该项目旨在为学生们在技术领域的职业生涯做好准备，参加该项目的高中生高度肯定了它。
【61题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：该项目由滑铁卢职业中心运营。文章基础时态为一般现在时，The project与run之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，run为不规则动词，过去分词为run，故填is run。
【62题详解】
考查不定式。句意：该中心为学生提供多种旨在为他们在技术领域的职业生涯做好准备的项目。be designed to do表示“旨在”，故填to prepare。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：滑铁卢社区学校的学生最近参加了以砖石建筑技术为中心的建筑培训。修饰动词短语took part in用副词，故填recently。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：学生们在学校里呆了五天，向专业机构爱荷华州砌体学会经验丰富的工人学习。learn from表示“向……学习”，故填from。
【65题详解】
考察形容词。句意参考上题解析，修饰名词organization用形容词，故填professional。
【66题详解】
考查疑问词+不定式结构。句意：工人们教学生们如何混合砂浆并用砖和木头砌墙。此处为疑问词+不定式结构，how to do表示“如何做某事”。故填how。
【67题详解】
考查名词。句意：学生们把砂浆搬到一块块木头上然后加砖加块砌成墙。piece是可数名词，pieces of表示“一块块”，故填pieces。
【68题详解】
考查时态。句意：在学生们工作的时候，布希给了他们一条重要的建议。worked表明此处用一般过去时，故填offered。
【69题详解】
考查介词。句意：韦斯特高中的内森艾利奥特告诉Waterloo-Cedar Falls Courier报说这种学习方式比坐在电脑前要好得多。much better表明此处用than。
【70题详解】
考查形容词。句意：其他学生也表示，这让他们对未来的建筑职业感到兴奋。修饰人用ed结尾的形容词，表示“感到……的”，故填excited。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A man stops at a flower shop to order some flowers to be wired to his mother who lived two hundreds miles away. As he got out his car, he noticed a little girl sobbing there. When ask why, she said, “I want to buy a rose for my mother, and I have no money.” The man bought a rose for the girl. As they were leaving he offered the girl the ride home. But the girl directed him to a cemetery, when she placed the rose on a fresh dug grave (坟墓). The man returned to the flower shop, and canceled the wire order, picked up a bouquet and driving to his mother’s house.
【答案】stops→stopped
hunderds→hundred
out后面加上of
ask→asked
and→but
the→a
when→where
fresh→freshly
去掉canceled前的and
driving→drove
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个男人为一个小女孩给她死去的妈妈买花的故事。
【详解】第一处：考查时态。句意：一个男人在一家花店停了下来订购一些花，汇给住在200英里之外的母亲。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故stops→stopped。
第二处：考查数词。句意参考上题解析,hundred作定语不能用复数，故hunderds→hundred。
第三处：考查介词。句意：下车的时候，他注意到一个女孩在那哭泣。get out of表示“从……出来”，故out后面加上of。
第四处：考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问到为什么哭时，她说“我想给妈妈买朵玫瑰花，但是我没有钱。”在when引导的时间状语从句中，当主从句主语一致，且含有be的某种形式时，从句的主语和be可以省略， she与ask之间是被动关系，本句中相当于省略了she was，故ask→asked。
第五处：考查连词。句意参考上题解析，想买花与没有钱之间是转折关系，故and→but。
第六处：考查冠词。句意：他们离开花店的时候，他主动提出送小女孩回家。offer sb a ride表示“载某人一程”，故the→a。
第七处：考查非限定性定语从句。句意：但小女孩把他带到一个墓地，在那她把花放在一个新挖的坟墓上。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为cemetery，指地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故when→where。
第八处：考查副词。句意参考上题解析，修饰动词dug用副词，故fresh→freshly。
第九处：考查连词。句意：那个男人返回到花店，取消了订单，拿起一束花，开车去他母亲家。returned，canceled ，picked 以及drove是四个并列的动作，最后一个动词前用and，canceled前的and是多余的，故去掉canceled前的and。
第十处：考查动词。句意参考上题解析，此处与returned，canceled ，picked是四个并列的动作，应该用一般过去时，故driving→drove。
第二节:书面表达(满分25分)
72.假定你是学校对外联络部长李华，暑假将带队去英国友好学校交流。请你给对方负责人 Smith先生写一封邮件，洽谈相关事项，内容包括:
1. 访问的具体时间；
2. 希望参加的活动。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I'm Li Hua，minister of external liaison of our school. Planning to take a group to pay a visit to your school next month, I'm writing to confirm some information. We will arrive at 9 a.m. on July 20, and then we will begin the 2-day visit. We have a very tight schedule. As has been planned, we will visit the school history museum, because we are all extremely interested in the splendid history of your school. Then we will have a communicating meeting, where we students can communicate with each other and exchange opinions on society, culture, education and so on.Besides, we will visit some places of interest, which is what we have been longing for.
I hope we will have a meaningful trip there!
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是学校对外联络部长李华，暑假将带队去英国友好学校交流。请你给对方负责人 Smith先生写一封邮件，洽谈相关事项，内容包括: 1. 访问的具体时间；2. 希望参加的活动。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；minister of external liaison（外联部部长），tight（紧的），schedule（行程），plan（计划），school history museum（校史馆），extremely（极其、非常），communicate（交流），splendid（辉煌的）及exchange（交换）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有be interested in（对……感兴趣），plan to do（计划做），communicate with (与某人交流)，places of interest（名胜古迹）， pay a visit to（拜访）以及long for（盼望），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“Then we will have a communicating meeting, where we students can communicate with each other and exchange opinions on society, culture, education and so on.”及“Besides, we will visit some places of interest, which is what we have been longing for.”，状语从句“As has been planned, we will visit the school history museum, because we are all extremely interested in the splendid history of your school.”，宾语从句“I hope we will have a meaningful trip there!”，非谓语动词“Planning to take a group to pay a visit to your school next month, I'm writing to confirm some information.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
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