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2019届山东省安丘市、诸城市、五莲县、兰山区高三4月模拟训练英语试卷（解析版）
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2019年高三模拟训练
英语试题
本试卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上。
第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分75分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the two speakers?
A. In a cafe. B. On a plane. C. On a ship.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What do we know about Peter Schmidt?
A. He has lost his ticket. B. He is expecting a ticket. C. He went out to buy a ticket.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. Buying a house. B. Finding a hotel. C. Buying a car.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
How long did David stay abroad in all?
A. 9 days. B. 11 days. C. 16 days.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the woman get a “C” for her report?
A. Because she forgot the deadline for the report.
B. Because the man forgot to hand in her report.
C. Because she didn’t hand in her report on time.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分225分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
6. What’s wrong with the woman?
A. She’s in a bad mood. B. She hurts her nose. C. She has a cold.
7. How long has the woman been like this?
A. About two days. B. About three days. C. About four days.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【6题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why do the speakers love living in the country?
A. They enjoy the relaxing atmosphere.
B. They prefer country jobs to city jobs.
C. They have lived there for over 10 years
9. Why does the woman like her job in the post office?
A. She makes good money.
B. She meets people in work.
C. It’s within walking distance.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【8题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
10. What do we know about the woman’s husband?
A. He is under treatment.
B. He is out of danger.
C. He is dying fast
11. What does the man offer to do for the woman?
A. Take care of her kids.
B. Help her do housework.
C. Nurse her husband at night.
12. What might the woman think of the man?
A. He is heroic. B. He is energetic. C. He is sympathetic.
【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【10题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the man most interested in?
A. Playing the piano.
B. Playing the violin.
C. Listening to classical music.
14. Why does the man like to go listening to music?
A. To make new friends.
B. To kill time.
C. To learn from others.
15. What hobby do the speakers share?
A. Going to concerts.
B. Playing a musical instrument.
C. Listening to pop music.
16. How will the speakers improve their theory of music?
A. By turning to the man’s uncle for advice.
B. By practicing playing music.
C. By exchanging experience with each other.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【13题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
17. What do we know about Jack?
A. He is a middle school student.
B. He is a clever boy.
C. He is an American boy.
18. Why was Jack punished?
A. He didn’t hand in his homework.
B. He kissed a girl in school.
C. He didn’t obey his teacher.
19. Who was Jack’s mother angry with?
A. Her own son, Jack.
B. The girl
C. Jack’s school.
20. What did Jack’s mother think of Jack’s behavior?
A. Friendly. B. Brave. C. Unwelcome.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【17题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How can I exhibit in the Atrium Gallery
The Atrium Gallery provides a space for exhibiting a range of creative work, especially the work of our students and staff.
We aim to promote a programme of high quality art exhibitions which reflect creative activity and research interests.
Proposals to exhibit
We select exhibitions by proposal submission. Selected exhibitions showcase innovative, ambitious new work that contributes to the School’s learning and research activities, and is a source of pleasure and inspiration to students, staff, visitors and the wider LSE community.
You must be a student or member of staff at LSE at the time of the proposed exhibition. LSE Arts has no dedicated source of funding, therefore we will ordinarily expect proposals to come with a minimum level of funding, to cover core exhibition costs.
Proposals will be judged termly for exhibition the following academic term. There is a high demand for our gallery space so please list your first choice of dates and any alternate dates that would also work.
Proposal Submission Timescales
The deadline for exhibition proposals for Summer term 2019 is Friday 18 January 2019. The committee will review applications and successful applicants will be notified (通知) by the week informed on Monday 11 February 2019. Exhibitions will be on display from 29 April to 14 June 2019 inclusive.
Not all applications will be successful. Successful proposals will generally be exhibited the term after receiving the proposal.
Complete our exhibition proposal form by downloading the exhibition proposal form and sending to arts@ lse. ac.uk with accompanying images.
If you have any queries, please do not hesitate to contact us at arts@ lse.ac.uk.
21. Why does the Atrium Gallery provide a space for exhibitions?
A. To collect money B. To promote itself.
C. To entertain visitors D. To encourage creativity
22. What must a student do to exhibit in the Atrium Gallery?
A. Pay the gallery. B. Submit his proposal.
C. Adjust his schedule. D. Contribute his works.
23. When will the successful applicants get the results?
A. 29 April 2019. B. 14 June 2019.
C. 18 January 2019. D. 11 February 2019.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。这是一篇对伦敦政治经济学院学生关于艺术展览建议的征集，希望学生们完成表格并上传邮件。成功采用的提议将被展览。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Atrium Gallery provides a space for exhibiting a range of creative work可知画廊提供了一个空间的原因是为了鼓励激发大家的创造力，故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句We select exhibitions by proposal submission.可知画廊通过提交方案来选择展览。学生想要展出作品必须提交方案，故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段第二句The committee will review applications and successful applicants will be notified (通知) by the week informed on Monday 11 February 2019.可知申请成功者会在2019年2月11日得知结果。故选D。
B
When my father married my mother in 1943 he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not spend it. This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.
When I was married in 1970 my husband who had heard this story obtained a 1937 crown for me and I have always kept it in my wallet and I have always had enough for my needs.
A friend recently fell on hard times partly through external (外部的) circumstances and partly through poor planning. Friends and I have loaned her money, paid her bills, even given her food and tried to teach her budget techniques, but none of them has been a solution. She has just slipped deeper and deeper into financial trouble and depression.
Last week she looked pale and unwell, very depressed and hopeless. I then thought about how the crown, a reminder of another’s care and love, had protected me so I went to the bank for a $100 dollar bill. I told my friend the story and asked her to keep the $100 in the back of her wallet. It turned out that she didn’t have a wallet so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins. She immediately felt better. “I feel rich and thank you for being a good friend” she said and we were both a bit teary.
The reason for passing this on is not to praise any generosity on my part but to show the power of “random acts of kindness”. I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I’d never used and thought “I’ll give that to my friend.” I opened it and inside found $100. The universe is very just and if your heart is open the reward always comes.
24. What did the 1937 crown coin from the author’s father mean to her mother?
A. His concern for her. B. His pity and protection for her.
C. His care and love for her. D. His pride and respect for her.
25. Where did the author’s friend keep the $100 dollar-bill?
A. In the back of her wallet. B. In a little pencil case.
C. In the pocket of her raincoat. D. In the layer of her suitcase.
26. What can he inferred from the last Paragraph?
A. The author became rich all of a sudden.
B. The author’s friend would receive a wallet as a gift.
C. The author’s friend was not touched by her story.
D. The author felt uncomfortable when receiving the bill.
27. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A hard life B. The help to a friend
C. A crown coin D. A gift from my father
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。我的一位朋友陷入了经济危机，我们帮她的方法都不起效。我想起了我一直放在钱包里的皇冠硬币，它如同护身符一样让我衣食无忧。于是，我给了这位朋友一张百元的钞票，也让她放进钱包里，希望带给她好运和信心。没想到，我的善意给我带来了回报。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.可知作者父亲给她母亲的一枚硬币代表了父亲对母亲的爱和关心，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。第四段倒数第二句so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins可知作者的朋友把作者的一百美元放进了一个铅笔盒里，故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段倒数第二句I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I’d never used and thought “I’ll give that to my friend.”可知作者要送给朋友一个钱包作为礼物，故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容为一枚象征着“关爱”的硬币为中心，故C选项最符合题意。
C
Who can think of the race between the tortoise and the rabbit when it comes to the greatest races? Sure, that race only took place in ancient Aesop’s mind, but while the great modern races can teach us a lot about commitment, perseverance (毅力) and the virtues of having a rather large engine, “The Tortoise and the Rabbit” may tell us everything about animals and even vehicles on this planet.
In a study published this week, Adrian Bejan, a professor of mechanical engineering, concludes that no one should be surprised that the tortoise wins over the seemingly speedier rabbit. In fact, after analyzing the reported speeds of land-air-and-water-based animals, Bejan concludes that the worlds well-known speedsters are actually among the slowest when their movements are averaged out over the course of a lifetime.
The study builds on Bejan’s previous research showing that an animals speed increases with mass regardless of species. And that principle can also be extended to non-living things, like aircraft.
After studying data from historical airplane models, Bajan noted the speed of each model increased with its size, too. That doesn’t sound right. What about the modern jet fighter? How is that relatively small craft not faster than a clumsy large transport plane?
Again, Bejan harks back to the tortoise. That transport plane spends lots of time in the air, moving regularly across long distances. The fighter jet, on the other hand, may fly across the sky occasionally, but-like the rabbit-it’s often found resting on the ground.
The slow and steady transport plane wins the marathon of life.
But like so many good stories, Aesop’s tale offers even more than a lesson in perseverance.
At one point, the rabbit asks the tortoise how he expects to win a race at such a slow pace.
The tortoise—ever focused—doesn’t respond But it’s the rabbits own words that provide the moment to reflect on, especially in modem times.
“There is plenty of time to relax,” Until there isn’t.
28. Why is the story “The Tortoise and the Rabbit” mentioned?
A. To warm people not to be proud.
B. To introduce a unique phenomenon.
C. To help put forward the author’s idea.
D. To show the importance of perseverance.
29. What has Bejan proved in his research?
A. Airplanes improve in speed.
B. Speed has nothing to do with size.
C. Speed matters most in the animal world
D. Animals’ speed and mass go hand in hand.
30. What lesson does the author want to teach us?
A. We shouldn’t look down on others
B. We should put our time to good use.
C. Staying focused during races is important.
D. People should often reflect on themselves.
31. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Life is just like a race.
B. Nearly all races are the same
C. Quickness is not all advantage in a race.
D. The slow but steady are always winners.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现在比赛中获胜的往往是慢但是稳定坚持的选手，并从科学的角度分析了龟兔赛跑中乌龟胜利的必然性。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The Tortoise and the Rabbit” may tell us everything about animals and even vehicles on this planet.与第二段内容可知，作者提出龟兔赛跑的故事是为了引出文章话题——慢但是坚持不懈的选手往往会获得成功。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The study builds on Bejan’s previous research showing that an animals speed increases with mass regardless of species.可知Bejan研究表明动物的块头越大速度越快。且第四段中Bajan noted the speed of each model increased with its size, too.可以推断mass意为“团；块”，指大小，故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第一段 “There is plenty of time to relax,” Until there isn’t.可知兔子以为有很多的时间可以休息因此松懈，直到自己错了最佳时机，故可推测作者想让大家学到的教训是要充分利用时间才能在竞技场中获胜，故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第五段The slow and steady transport plane wins the marathon of life.与文章通过讲述龟兔赛跑的故事引出话题：研究表明在比赛中慢但是稳定前进的一方往往会获得胜利，故选D。
D
Breakdancing is set to make its first debut (亮相) as an Olympic sport at Paris 2024, Tony Estanguet, head of the Paris organizing committee, said on February 21st. Skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing, which have already been added to the programme for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, have been invited to return in Paris four years later.
Tony Estanguet said the choices responded to a need to make the Olympics “more urban” and “more artistic”. We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because they are creative, appealing to youth and completely in line with our vision. They reflect perfectly Paris 2024’s identity.
Breakdancing is an example of a sport “Which can be played anywhere and anytime in urban and other environment.” It appeared at the 2018 Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires in the form of head-to-head “battles”. In competitive breakdancing, “breakers” face off in “battles” against each other, either as individuals or teams. Breakdancers use a mix of physical and artistic skills combining elements from gymnastics or acrobatics (杂技).
The IOC had announced that the number of competitors at Paris 2024 would be restricted to 10, 500, which limited the opportunity to add sports. But the organizers said the inclusion of the four sports in Paris would not necessitate the construction of permanent facilities and would involve just 248 competitors, of which 32 would he in breakdancing. The surfing events are likely to be held in established surf centres such as Biarritz or Lacanau in southwest France.
The inclusion still need to be rubberstamped by the IOC, which is expected to decide on which sports to add in Paris after next years’ Tokyo Games.
32. What do we know about breakdancing?
A. It involves multiple skills.
B. It’s limited to group competition.
C. It will show up in Paris 2024.
D. It never appeared in the world events.
33. Why have Paris organizers chosen the four sports?
A. Because they attract young people.
B. Because they perfectly reflect Paris’ identity
C. Because they make Paris more urban and artistic.
D. Because they can be played anytime and anywhere.
34. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. 10, 500 competitors will compete for the new sports.
B. More surf centers will be specially designed for Paris 2024.
C. The IOC will reject the proposal because of inadequate facilities.
D. The inclusion won’t require additional competition space to he built.
35. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “rubberstamped” in the last paragraph?
A. approved B. canceled
C. submitted D. designed
【答案】32. A 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。巴黎组委会主席托尼·埃斯特古2月21日表示，霹雳舞将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。文章介绍了将霹雳舞等运动纳入奥运会的原因，意义等相关信息。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Breakdancers use- a mix of physical and artistic skills combining elements from gymnastics or acrobatics(杂技)”可知，霹雳舞者既使用体操又使用艺术技能，将来自体操或杂技的因素结合在了一起。由此可知，霹雳舞需要多重技能。故A选项正确。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because they are creative, appealing to youth and completely in line with our vision”可知，因为这四项运动具有创造性，吸引年轻人，完全符合委员会的愿景。故结合选项，A选项切题。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But the organizers said the inclusion would not necessitate the construction of permanent facilities and would involve just 248 competitors, including 32 breakdancers. The surfing events are likely to be held in established surf center such as Biarritz or Lacanau in southwest France.”可知，这项计划不需要建造永久性设施，只涉及248名参赛者，其中包括32名霹雳舞参赛者。冲浪比赛很可能在法国西南部的比亚里茨或拉卡诺等既定的冲浪中心举行。由此推知，这项计划不会再需要重建额外的场地。故D选项正确。
【35题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“which is expected to decide on which sports to add in Paris after next year's Tokyo Games”可知，国际奥委会将在明年东京奥运会后决定在巴黎（奥运会）增加哪些体育项目。由此推知，前面应该指“增加这些比赛项目仍然需要国际奥委会的同意”。故该划线词应表示“同意，认可”这样的意思，故A选项切题。
【点睛】细节理解题解题技巧：细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。例如，在第二小题中，考生根据题干中的Paris organizers have chosen the four sports可以直接将答案定位到第二段中的“We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because…”，从而确定答案。
第二节(共5小题每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unit the 1980s, scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. ___36___
If you hit another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response. ___37___ Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals. Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.
___38___ Some researchers argue lobsters (龙虾) are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations. They are even believed to possess some level of consciousness. In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.
Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal, many restaurants prefer more humane methods. ___39___ To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods.
Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes (电击) a lobster. ___40___ The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain. In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts.
A. But huge disagreement exists.
B. The creature instantly loses consciousness in half a second.
C. It beats the former method by saving chefs’ effort in cleaning the creature.
D. It’s difficult to assess pain in other species because we cannot communicate as easily.
E. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.
F. Except for moral consideration, many chefs believe stress negatively affects the flavor (味道) of the meat.
G. Legal prohibition becomes the major consideration for restaurants when choosing a cooking method.
【答案】36. E 37. D
38. A 39. F
40. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。今天，科学家把人类看作是一种动物，并在很大程度上接受许多物种都有一定程度的自我意识。人们开始意识到其他物种也可能拥有情感。接着文章以龙虾为例，论述了两种不同的观点：一种认为龙虾不能感觉到疼痛；一种认为龙虾受伤会引起身体疼痛。由于越来越多的证据表明龙虾可能会感到疼痛，在一些国家，活煮龙虾或把龙虾放在冰上是非法的。而餐厅除了道德上的考虑，也为了保持食物的口感，在烹饪龙虾前会将其电晕，再对其进行没有任何痛苦的烹饪。
【36题详解】
根据上文today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness.可知今天，科学家把人类看作是一种动物，并在很大程度上接受了许多物种都有一定程度的自我意识。这是人们逐渐意识到其他物种也可能享受情感。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据下文Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals.可知科学家们开发了一套非人类动物疼痛反应的指标。这是因为我们不容易和其它动物之间交流，所以很难评估其他物种的疼痛。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据后文Some researchers argue lobsters (龙虾) are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. 可知一些研究人员认为龙虾和脊椎动物太不相似了，所以不能感觉到疼痛。与本段最后一句In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.（今天大多数科学家都认为龙虾受伤会引起身体疼痛。）两者观点完全不一致，是存在巨大分歧的。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据下文To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods.（为了满足挑剔的食客，更多的餐馆排除了残忍的烹饪方法。）可知本空是叙述这一行为的原因是：除了道德上的考虑，许多厨师认为压力会对肉的味道产生负面影响。故选F。
【40题详解】
根据下文The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain.（接下来的烹调过程肯定不会引起疼痛。）因此可知龙虾是因为电击立刻失去了知觉，所以没有痛苦，故选B。
第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program. In my application letter, I was careful to ___41___ how much I wanted to see France; evidently, my excitement really came through in my words. Once I ___42___ that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and ___43___ friends. While traveling was inspiring and meeting people was ___44___, nothing about my term in France was what I ___45___.
The moment I arrived in Paris, I was ___46___ by a nice French couple who would become my host parents. My entire experience was joyous and exciting ___47___ I received some shocking news from my program-coordinator (协调人): there had been a death in my host parents’ extended family. They had to travel outside France for several weeks. That afternoon, I had to ___48___ out of one family’s house and into another. The exchange coordinator told me I’d have a ___49___ this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker. To avoid the temptation to ___50___ my native language, I asked not to be ___51___ with an English-speaking roommate. When I got to my new room, I ___52___ myself to my new roommate Paolo, a ___53___, the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs! In just a few hours, we knew we’d be good friends for the rest of the ___54___.
I left France with many ___55___, so when people ask me what my favorite part of the trip was, they are always ___56___ to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and the scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends ___57___ France we enjoyed together. I love how people can seem so different, but end up being so ___58___. The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people ___59___ to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a continent away. I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful ___60___.
41. A. discuss B. express C. announce D. argue
42. A. approved B. knew C. warmed D. denied
43. A. stubborn B. anxious C. universal D. interesting
44. A. boring B. upsetting C. exciting D. promising
45. A. expected B. liked C. doubted D. feared
46. A. sponsored B. witnessed C. greeted D. supported
47. A. until B. when C. since D. while
48. A. move B. travel C. walk D. rush
49. A. housekeeper B. leader C. roommate D. colleague
50. A. learn B. appreciate C. speak D. master
51. A. combined B. fitted C. involved D. adapted
52. A. added B. introduced C. devoted D. adapted
53. A. Japanese B. Brazilian C. Frenchman D. German
54. A. term B. week C. month D. vacation
55. A. presents B. suitcases C. stories D. dreams
56. A. surprised B. disturbed C. embarrassed D. concerned
57. A. analyzing B. exploring C. describing D. investigating
58. A. generous B. independent C. similar D. distant
59. A. and B. but C. or D. so
60. A. instructions B. friendships C. facts D. data
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. B 54. A 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. B 60. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记述文。作者很幸运地被选中参加了一个英法交换生项目，但到达法国的当天，他原定的接待家庭中因有人去世要出国，所以他不得不搬到另一个家庭与人合住。在那里他遇到了来自巴西的同龄人，两人很快成为了好朋友，一起度过了一个学期的美好时光。这段经历也给作者留下了难忘的回忆。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. discuss讨论；B. express表达；C. announce宣布；D. argue争论。根据句意：在我的申请信中，我小心的表达（express）了我非常想去法国的愿望。从后面宾语内容可判断是作者想要"传达对于法国有多么的向往"，是一种情感，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. approved赞成；B. knew知道；C. warmed使温暖；D. denied拒绝。根据句意：一旦我知道了我即将出发，我能想到的全是这次外国之旅的有趣之处…此处还是延续传达作者对于法国的向往之情，一得知要去法国，便在大脑中想象各种情景，故选B。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. stubborn固执；B. anxious焦急的；C. universal普遍的；D. interesting有趣的。根据句意可知，一旦我知道我（被获准）将去法国，我能想到的事情就是国外旅行的乐趣和结交各种新的有趣的朋友，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. boring无聊的；B. upsetting令人心烦的；C. exciting激动的；D. promising有希望的。根据语境可知，虽然旅行很鼓舞人心且看见他人也令人兴奋，但是我在法国的半学期和我预想的完全不一样．"and"前后并列内容为"traveling…inspiring"，可推断"meeting people…exciting"，同样可对应前文已经出现的"exciting，fun"等字眼，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. expected预期；B. liked喜欢；C. doubted怀疑；D. feared害怕。根据语境：但是我在法国的半学期和我预想的完全不一样。此处通过"while"我们可得知，作者对于"term in France"并没有期待，故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. sponsored赞助；B. witnessed目击；C. greeted 欢迎；D. supported支持。根据句意可知，我刚到法国就受到了一个很亲和的法国夫妇的欢迎。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. until直到才；B. when 什么时候；C. since自从；因为；D. while当……时候。根据语境可知，我的体验很有趣很让人兴奋，直到我从法国夫妇那里听到了骇人的消息。因为前一句话中出现"joyous，exciting"，而后句出现的是"shocking news"可知，激动心情的终结，转而变成不好的事情。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. move搬家；B. travel旅行；C. walk散步；D. rush冲。根据句意可知，"那天我不得不搬出原寄宿家庭的家，进入新的寄宿家庭"。固定短语"move out搬出"，故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. housekeeper女管家；B. leader领导人；C. roommate室友；D. colleague同事。根据语境可知，"协调人告诉我这次我将有一个室友。"roommate"室友"下文也重现了roommate。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. learn学会；B. appreciate感激；C. speak说话；D. master掌握。根据动词后出现的是宾语"language"，可知，只能是"speak"，为了避免说母语的诱惑，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. combined结合；B. fitted适应；合适；C. involved涉及；D. adapted使适应。根据语境可知，为了避免说本族语（此处是英语）的诱惑，我要求不要和一个说英语的室友安置在一起。短语be adapted with sb.“和某人安置在一起”，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. added添加；B. introduced介绍；C. devoted献身于；D. adapted使适应。因为是"new roommate"，自然需要互相介绍，"introduce""，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. Japanese日本人；B. Brazilian巴西人；C. Frenchman法国人；D. German德国人。根据下文my Brazilian friend Paolo可知我的室友是巴西人，故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. term学期；B. week 周；C. month月；D. vacation假期。根据第一段末最后一句中的"term"，几个小时后我就知道我们在这学期剩下的日子里会成为好朋友。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. presents礼物；B. suitcases行李箱；C. stories故事；D. dreams梦想。根据下文的描述"weekdays in class，weeknights on the town，weekends…France"可知，作者在法国与室友发生了很多的故事，故选C。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. surprised惊讶的；B. disturbed扰乱的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. concerned关心的。根据前半部提到人们问作者这次旅行中最喜欢的部分，作者却说的是他的室友，并不是首段中作者的设想，此结果不仅让他人"surprised"，就连作者本人都没有想到。故选A。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. analyzing分析；B. exploring探索；C. describing描述；D. investigating调查。根据后接宾语France可知是一地方，只能选择explore"探索"，享受着我们一起探索法国的周末。故选B。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. generous大方的；B. independent独立的；C. similar相似的；D. distant遥远的。前文出现"different"，"but"后显而易见表示出现相反结果，即反义词"similar。再根据语境可知，人们看起来似乎如此不同，但最终又如此相似。故选C。
【59题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. and并且；B. but但是；C. or或者；D. so因此。考查固定搭配"not just/only…but （also）…"表示"不仅…，而且"，根据句意可知，"我在法国学到的东西是我们不仅要尊敬外国人，而且要尊敬所有的人"，故选B。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. instructions指令；B. friendships友谊；C. facts 事实；D. data数据。根据语境可知，我会向任何想要体验外国文化并收获友谊的人推荐这样一个项目。最后一题为点明文章主旨，在前文中出现有关"roommate"的描述，又在前句中出现"friends"，可推断本文作者做大的收益便是"friendships"，故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题15分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qian Zhongshu was a Chinese scholar and writer, known for his wit and erudition(博学). Despite failing in mathematics, Qian ___61___ (success) entered the Department of Foreign Languages under Tsinghua University in 1929 because of his ___62___ (excellence) performance in Chinese and English languages. In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was to become a successful playwright and translator, and ___63___ (marry) her in 1935. In the same year, Qian received government sponsorship ___64___ (promote) his studies abroad. Together with his wife, Qian headed for the University of Oxford in Britain. After ___65___ (spend) two years at Exeter College, he received a bachelor of literature. He studied for one more year in the University of Paris in France, and he didn’t return to China ___66___ 1938.
Qian lived in Shanghai from 1941 to 1945, ___67___ was then under Japanese occupation. At that time he devoted ___68___ (he) to writing and many of his works were written or published then. A collection of short ___69___ (essay), Writing in the Margins of Life, was published in 1941. His most celebrated work Fortress Besieged appeared in 1947. On the Art of Poetry, written ___70___ classical Chinese was issued in 1948.
【答案】61. successfully
62. excellent
63. married
64. to promote
65. spending
66. until 67. which
68. himself
69. essays 70. in
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述钱钟书先生的故事。
【61题详解】
考查副词。此处enter“进入”是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为successfully。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。此处performance“表现”是名词，形容词修饰名词，故答案为excellent。
【63题详解】
考查并列谓语。句意：在清华大学，他遇到了后来成为成功剧作家和翻译家的妻子杨绛，并于1935年与她结婚。结合句意可知此处是并列谓语，句子用一般过去时态，故答案为married。
【64题详解】
考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：同年，钱学森接受政府资助出国留学。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故答案为to promote。
【65题详解】
考查动词名词。句意：在埃克塞特学院学习两年之后，他获得了文学学士学位。此处after是介词，意思是“在------之后”，后面用动名词作宾语，故答案为spending。
【66题详解】
考查介词。句意：他在法国巴黎大学又学习了一年，直到1938年才回到中国。结合句意可知此处用介词until“直到------为止”。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1941年至1945年，钱生活在上海，当时上海正处于日本占领之下。此处Shanghai作先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故答案为which。
【68题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：那时候他致力于写作，他的许多作品都是在那个时候写成或出版的。固定搭配：devote oneself to“致力于，献身于”，此处用反身代词，结合句意答案为himself。
【69题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：1941年出版了一本短篇小品集，名为《生命的边缘》。固定搭配：a collection of+可数名词复数，故答案为essays。
【70题详解】
考查介词。句意：《论诗歌艺术》于1948年出版，是用文言文写成的。“用------语言”应该用介词in，故答案为in。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词Shanghai，指物，再分析先行词Shanghai在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词Shanghai带到从句中可知，只能作主语，且这里是非限制性定语从句，不能用that引导，故答案为which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you are considering make up with Peter. If I were you, I would consider a bike for a birthday present.
As far as I know, Peter is always in poor health, so he should take more exercises by riding a bike to have his body build up. Meanwhile, you can often go out by bike together, which was helpful in rebuilding your friendship. Besides, taking a bike is environmentally friendly means of transport. It is convenient to get around as well. Apart from giving him a gift, and you can also adopt other means, such as traveling, seeing a movie, having dinner and going shopping. No matter how you do, being sincere is the most important. Don’t hesitate, and trying to take action. I really hope that we can make up and be good friends forever.
Best wishes!
Li Hua
【答案】1.make→making
2.for→as
3.exercises→exercise
4.build→built
5.was→is
6.environmentally前面加上an
7.去掉and
8.how→what
9.trying→try
10.we→you
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇电子邮件。李华听说Tom想和Peter和好，很高兴。于是提供了一些建议，希望他们能和好如初，成为永远的朋友。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。短语be considering doing“正在考虑做某事”。故make改为making。
2.考查介词。句意：如果我是你，我会考虑买一辆自行车当作生日礼物。表示“当作”应用as，故for改为as。
3.考查名词的数。exercise此处表示锻炼，无复数形式。故exercises改为exercise。
4.考查非谓语动词。固定结构have+宾语+宾语补足语，此处body与build up为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，build改为built。
5.考查动词时态。根据上文可知本文应用一般现在时，故was改为is。
6.考查冠词。文章第二段第三句，结合句意，此外，骑自行车是一种环保的交通方式。这里泛指“一个；一种”，且后面的 environmentally 以元音音素开头，所以应使用不定冠词 an。故正确答案为在 environmentally 之前添加 an。
7.考查连词。文章第二段第五句，结合句意，除了给他礼物，你还可以采取其他的方式，比如旅游，看电影，吃饭和购物。Apart from giving him a gift 是介词短语，并不是完整的句子，而 and 是并列连词，连接两个句子。本句后面应该是简单句而非并列句，所以不需要 and。故正确答案为将 and 删除。
8.考查连接词。文章第二段倒数第三句，结合句意，无论你做什么，真诚是最重要的。do 在这里是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，所以此处引导词要在从句中作宾语。因此应用 what。故正确答案为将 how 替换为 what。9.考查祈使句。句意：不要犹豫，尝试着采取行动。可知，此处是祈使句，and 前后动词形式应该保持一致，Don't 后应用动词原形，所以应用 try。故将 trying 改为try。
10.考查人称代词。结合句意：“我”真的希望你们能和好，永远都是好朋友。本文是李华写给 Tom 的信，信里提供了一些建议，希望 Tom 和 Peter 能够和好，所以此处站在写信人李华的角度应该是 you 而不是 we。故将 we改为you。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72.假定你是学校英语报的兼职编辑李华。最近该报开设了 Your Feelings专栏(column)。请用英语写一篇短文介绍开设该专栏的目的(交流情感)、专栏内容(有关心理健康的文章及解答心理问题)并号召同学们投稿。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We are teens and so much is changing around and inside us. Maybe we are happy and confident one minute but become sad and confused the next. We can learn how to cope with all kinds of feelings. This is why we set up a column called Your Feelings.
In this column, there are articles that give information about how to keep mental health. Moreover, you can express yourselves freely and raise any problems that trouble you. We have invited some best psychologists to help your problems.
Please continue to focus on us and we welcome contributions to the column.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇说明文；假定你是学校英语报的兼职编辑李华。最近该报开设了 Your Feelings专栏(column)。请用英语写一篇短文介绍开设该专栏的目的(交流情感)、专栏内容(有关心理健康的文章及解答心理问题)并号召同学们投稿。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：teen（青少年），cope with（处理），mental health（心理健康），express yourselves freely（自由表达自我）；psychologists（心理学家）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如This is why we set up a column called Your Feelings. 运用了表语从句；In this column, there are articles that give information about how to keep mental health.运用了同位语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
英语试题
本试卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上。
第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分75分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the two speakers?
A. In a cafe. B. On a plane. C. On a ship.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What do we know about Peter Schmidt?
A. He has lost his ticket. B. He is expecting a ticket. C. He went out to buy a ticket.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. Buying a house. B. Finding a hotel. C. Buying a car.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
How long did David stay abroad in all?
A. 9 days. B. 11 days. C. 16 days.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the woman get a “C” for her report?
A. Because she forgot the deadline for the report.
B. Because the man forgot to hand in her report.
C. Because she didn’t hand in her report on time.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分225分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
6. What’s wrong with the woman?
A. She’s in a bad mood. B. She hurts her nose. C. She has a cold.
7. How long has the woman been like this?
A. About two days. B. About three days. C. About four days.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【6题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why do the speakers love living in the country?
A. They enjoy the relaxing atmosphere.
B. They prefer country jobs to city jobs.
C. They have lived there for over 10 years
9. Why does the woman like her job in the post office?
A. She makes good money.
B. She meets people in work.
C. It’s within walking distance.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【8题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
10. What do we know about the woman’s husband?
A. He is under treatment.
B. He is out of danger.
C. He is dying fast
11. What does the man offer to do for the woman?
A. Take care of her kids.
B. Help her do housework.
C. Nurse her husband at night.
12. What might the woman think of the man?
A. He is heroic. B. He is energetic. C. He is sympathetic.
【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【10题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the man most interested in?
A. Playing the piano.
B. Playing the violin.
C. Listening to classical music.
14. Why does the man like to go listening to music?
A. To make new friends.
B. To kill time.
C. To learn from others.
15. What hobby do the speakers share?
A. Going to concerts.
B. Playing a musical instrument.
C. Listening to pop music.
16. How will the speakers improve their theory of music?
A. By turning to the man’s uncle for advice.
B. By practicing playing music.
C. By exchanging experience with each other.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【13题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
17. What do we know about Jack?
A. He is a middle school student.
B. He is a clever boy.
C. He is an American boy.
18. Why was Jack punished?
A. He didn’t hand in his homework.
B. He kissed a girl in school.
C. He didn’t obey his teacher.
19. Who was Jack’s mother angry with?
A. Her own son, Jack.
B. The girl
C. Jack’s school.
20. What did Jack’s mother think of Jack’s behavior?
A. Friendly. B. Brave. C. Unwelcome.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【17题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How can I exhibit in the Atrium Gallery
The Atrium Gallery provides a space for exhibiting a range of creative work, especially the work of our students and staff.
We aim to promote a programme of high quality art exhibitions which reflect creative activity and research interests.
Proposals to exhibit
We select exhibitions by proposal submission. Selected exhibitions showcase innovative, ambitious new work that contributes to the School’s learning and research activities, and is a source of pleasure and inspiration to students, staff, visitors and the wider LSE community.
You must be a student or member of staff at LSE at the time of the proposed exhibition. LSE Arts has no dedicated source of funding, therefore we will ordinarily expect proposals to come with a minimum level of funding, to cover core exhibition costs.
Proposals will be judged termly for exhibition the following academic term. There is a high demand for our gallery space so please list your first choice of dates and any alternate dates that would also work.
Proposal Submission Timescales
The deadline for exhibition proposals for Summer term 2019 is Friday 18 January 2019. The committee will review applications and successful applicants will be notified (通知) by the week informed on Monday 11 February 2019. Exhibitions will be on display from 29 April to 14 June 2019 inclusive.
Not all applications will be successful. Successful proposals will generally be exhibited the term after receiving the proposal.
Complete our exhibition proposal form by downloading the exhibition proposal form and sending to arts@ lse. ac.uk with accompanying images.
If you have any queries, please do not hesitate to contact us at arts@ lse.ac.uk.
21. Why does the Atrium Gallery provide a space for exhibitions?
A. To collect money B. To promote itself.
C. To entertain visitors D. To encourage creativity
22. What must a student do to exhibit in the Atrium Gallery?
A. Pay the gallery. B. Submit his proposal.
C. Adjust his schedule. D. Contribute his works.
23. When will the successful applicants get the results?
A. 29 April 2019. B. 14 June 2019.
C. 18 January 2019. D. 11 February 2019.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。这是一篇对伦敦政治经济学院学生关于艺术展览建议的征集，希望学生们完成表格并上传邮件。成功采用的提议将被展览。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Atrium Gallery provides a space for exhibiting a range of creative work可知画廊提供了一个空间的原因是为了鼓励激发大家的创造力，故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句We select exhibitions by proposal submission.可知画廊通过提交方案来选择展览。学生想要展出作品必须提交方案，故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段第二句The committee will review applications and successful applicants will be notified (通知) by the week informed on Monday 11 February 2019.可知申请成功者会在2019年2月11日得知结果。故选D。
B
When my father married my mother in 1943 he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not spend it. This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.
When I was married in 1970 my husband who had heard this story obtained a 1937 crown for me and I have always kept it in my wallet and I have always had enough for my needs.
A friend recently fell on hard times partly through external (外部的) circumstances and partly through poor planning. Friends and I have loaned her money, paid her bills, even given her food and tried to teach her budget techniques, but none of them has been a solution. She has just slipped deeper and deeper into financial trouble and depression.
Last week she looked pale and unwell, very depressed and hopeless. I then thought about how the crown, a reminder of another’s care and love, had protected me so I went to the bank for a $100 dollar bill. I told my friend the story and asked her to keep the $100 in the back of her wallet. It turned out that she didn’t have a wallet so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins. She immediately felt better. “I feel rich and thank you for being a good friend” she said and we were both a bit teary.
The reason for passing this on is not to praise any generosity on my part but to show the power of “random acts of kindness”. I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I’d never used and thought “I’ll give that to my friend.” I opened it and inside found $100. The universe is very just and if your heart is open the reward always comes.
24. What did the 1937 crown coin from the author’s father mean to her mother?
A. His concern for her. B. His pity and protection for her.
C. His care and love for her. D. His pride and respect for her.
25. Where did the author’s friend keep the $100 dollar-bill?
A. In the back of her wallet. B. In a little pencil case.
C. In the pocket of her raincoat. D. In the layer of her suitcase.
26. What can he inferred from the last Paragraph?
A. The author became rich all of a sudden.
B. The author’s friend would receive a wallet as a gift.
C. The author’s friend was not touched by her story.
D. The author felt uncomfortable when receiving the bill.
27. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A hard life B. The help to a friend
C. A crown coin D. A gift from my father
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。我的一位朋友陷入了经济危机，我们帮她的方法都不起效。我想起了我一直放在钱包里的皇冠硬币，它如同护身符一样让我衣食无忧。于是，我给了这位朋友一张百元的钞票，也让她放进钱包里，希望带给她好运和信心。没想到，我的善意给我带来了回报。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.可知作者父亲给她母亲的一枚硬币代表了父亲对母亲的爱和关心，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。第四段倒数第二句so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins可知作者的朋友把作者的一百美元放进了一个铅笔盒里，故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段倒数第二句I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I’d never used and thought “I’ll give that to my friend.”可知作者要送给朋友一个钱包作为礼物，故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容为一枚象征着“关爱”的硬币为中心，故C选项最符合题意。
C
Who can think of the race between the tortoise and the rabbit when it comes to the greatest races? Sure, that race only took place in ancient Aesop’s mind, but while the great modern races can teach us a lot about commitment, perseverance (毅力) and the virtues of having a rather large engine, “The Tortoise and the Rabbit” may tell us everything about animals and even vehicles on this planet.
In a study published this week, Adrian Bejan, a professor of mechanical engineering, concludes that no one should be surprised that the tortoise wins over the seemingly speedier rabbit. In fact, after analyzing the reported speeds of land-air-and-water-based animals, Bejan concludes that the worlds well-known speedsters are actually among the slowest when their movements are averaged out over the course of a lifetime.
The study builds on Bejan’s previous research showing that an animals speed increases with mass regardless of species. And that principle can also be extended to non-living things, like aircraft.
After studying data from historical airplane models, Bajan noted the speed of each model increased with its size, too. That doesn’t sound right. What about the modern jet fighter? How is that relatively small craft not faster than a clumsy large transport plane?
Again, Bejan harks back to the tortoise. That transport plane spends lots of time in the air, moving regularly across long distances. The fighter jet, on the other hand, may fly across the sky occasionally, but-like the rabbit-it’s often found resting on the ground.
The slow and steady transport plane wins the marathon of life.
But like so many good stories, Aesop’s tale offers even more than a lesson in perseverance.
At one point, the rabbit asks the tortoise how he expects to win a race at such a slow pace.
The tortoise—ever focused—doesn’t respond But it’s the rabbits own words that provide the moment to reflect on, especially in modem times.
“There is plenty of time to relax,” Until there isn’t.
28. Why is the story “The Tortoise and the Rabbit” mentioned?
A. To warm people not to be proud.
B. To introduce a unique phenomenon.
C. To help put forward the author’s idea.
D. To show the importance of perseverance.
29. What has Bejan proved in his research?
A. Airplanes improve in speed.
B. Speed has nothing to do with size.
C. Speed matters most in the animal world
D. Animals’ speed and mass go hand in hand.
30. What lesson does the author want to teach us?
A. We shouldn’t look down on others
B. We should put our time to good use.
C. Staying focused during races is important.
D. People should often reflect on themselves.
31. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Life is just like a race.
B. Nearly all races are the same
C. Quickness is not all advantage in a race.
D. The slow but steady are always winners.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现在比赛中获胜的往往是慢但是稳定坚持的选手，并从科学的角度分析了龟兔赛跑中乌龟胜利的必然性。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The Tortoise and the Rabbit” may tell us everything about animals and even vehicles on this planet.与第二段内容可知，作者提出龟兔赛跑的故事是为了引出文章话题——慢但是坚持不懈的选手往往会获得成功。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The study builds on Bejan’s previous research showing that an animals speed increases with mass regardless of species.可知Bejan研究表明动物的块头越大速度越快。且第四段中Bajan noted the speed of each model increased with its size, too.可以推断mass意为“团；块”，指大小，故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第一段 “There is plenty of time to relax,” Until there isn’t.可知兔子以为有很多的时间可以休息因此松懈，直到自己错了最佳时机，故可推测作者想让大家学到的教训是要充分利用时间才能在竞技场中获胜，故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第五段The slow and steady transport plane wins the marathon of life.与文章通过讲述龟兔赛跑的故事引出话题：研究表明在比赛中慢但是稳定前进的一方往往会获得胜利，故选D。
D
Breakdancing is set to make its first debut (亮相) as an Olympic sport at Paris 2024, Tony Estanguet, head of the Paris organizing committee, said on February 21st. Skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing, which have already been added to the programme for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, have been invited to return in Paris four years later.
Tony Estanguet said the choices responded to a need to make the Olympics “more urban” and “more artistic”. We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because they are creative, appealing to youth and completely in line with our vision. They reflect perfectly Paris 2024’s identity.
Breakdancing is an example of a sport “Which can be played anywhere and anytime in urban and other environment.” It appeared at the 2018 Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires in the form of head-to-head “battles”. In competitive breakdancing, “breakers” face off in “battles” against each other, either as individuals or teams. Breakdancers use a mix of physical and artistic skills combining elements from gymnastics or acrobatics (杂技).
The IOC had announced that the number of competitors at Paris 2024 would be restricted to 10, 500, which limited the opportunity to add sports. But the organizers said the inclusion of the four sports in Paris would not necessitate the construction of permanent facilities and would involve just 248 competitors, of which 32 would he in breakdancing. The surfing events are likely to be held in established surf centres such as Biarritz or Lacanau in southwest France.
The inclusion still need to be rubberstamped by the IOC, which is expected to decide on which sports to add in Paris after next years’ Tokyo Games.
32. What do we know about breakdancing?
A. It involves multiple skills.
B. It’s limited to group competition.
C. It will show up in Paris 2024.
D. It never appeared in the world events.
33. Why have Paris organizers chosen the four sports?
A. Because they attract young people.
B. Because they perfectly reflect Paris’ identity
C. Because they make Paris more urban and artistic.
D. Because they can be played anytime and anywhere.
34. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. 10, 500 competitors will compete for the new sports.
B. More surf centers will be specially designed for Paris 2024.
C. The IOC will reject the proposal because of inadequate facilities.
D. The inclusion won’t require additional competition space to he built.
35. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “rubberstamped” in the last paragraph?
A. approved B. canceled
C. submitted D. designed
【答案】32. A 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。巴黎组委会主席托尼·埃斯特古2月21日表示，霹雳舞将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。文章介绍了将霹雳舞等运动纳入奥运会的原因，意义等相关信息。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Breakdancers use- a mix of physical and artistic skills combining elements from gymnastics or acrobatics(杂技)”可知，霹雳舞者既使用体操又使用艺术技能，将来自体操或杂技的因素结合在了一起。由此可知，霹雳舞需要多重技能。故A选项正确。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because they are creative, appealing to youth and completely in line with our vision”可知，因为这四项运动具有创造性，吸引年轻人，完全符合委员会的愿景。故结合选项，A选项切题。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But the organizers said the inclusion would not necessitate the construction of permanent facilities and would involve just 248 competitors, including 32 breakdancers. The surfing events are likely to be held in established surf center such as Biarritz or Lacanau in southwest France.”可知，这项计划不需要建造永久性设施，只涉及248名参赛者，其中包括32名霹雳舞参赛者。冲浪比赛很可能在法国西南部的比亚里茨或拉卡诺等既定的冲浪中心举行。由此推知，这项计划不会再需要重建额外的场地。故D选项正确。
【35题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“which is expected to decide on which sports to add in Paris after next year's Tokyo Games”可知，国际奥委会将在明年东京奥运会后决定在巴黎（奥运会）增加哪些体育项目。由此推知，前面应该指“增加这些比赛项目仍然需要国际奥委会的同意”。故该划线词应表示“同意，认可”这样的意思，故A选项切题。
【点睛】细节理解题解题技巧：细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。例如，在第二小题中，考生根据题干中的Paris organizers have chosen the four sports可以直接将答案定位到第二段中的“We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because…”，从而确定答案。
第二节(共5小题每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unit the 1980s, scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. ___36___
If you hit another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response. ___37___ Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals. Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.
___38___ Some researchers argue lobsters (龙虾) are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations. They are even believed to possess some level of consciousness. In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.
Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal, many restaurants prefer more humane methods. ___39___ To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods.
Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes (电击) a lobster. ___40___ The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain. In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts.
A. But huge disagreement exists.
B. The creature instantly loses consciousness in half a second.
C. It beats the former method by saving chefs’ effort in cleaning the creature.
D. It’s difficult to assess pain in other species because we cannot communicate as easily.
E. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.
F. Except for moral consideration, many chefs believe stress negatively affects the flavor (味道) of the meat.
G. Legal prohibition becomes the major consideration for restaurants when choosing a cooking method.
【答案】36. E 37. D
38. A 39. F
40. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。今天，科学家把人类看作是一种动物，并在很大程度上接受许多物种都有一定程度的自我意识。人们开始意识到其他物种也可能拥有情感。接着文章以龙虾为例，论述了两种不同的观点：一种认为龙虾不能感觉到疼痛；一种认为龙虾受伤会引起身体疼痛。由于越来越多的证据表明龙虾可能会感到疼痛，在一些国家，活煮龙虾或把龙虾放在冰上是非法的。而餐厅除了道德上的考虑，也为了保持食物的口感，在烹饪龙虾前会将其电晕，再对其进行没有任何痛苦的烹饪。
【36题详解】
根据上文today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness.可知今天，科学家把人类看作是一种动物，并在很大程度上接受了许多物种都有一定程度的自我意识。这是人们逐渐意识到其他物种也可能享受情感。故选E。
【37题详解】
根据下文Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals.可知科学家们开发了一套非人类动物疼痛反应的指标。这是因为我们不容易和其它动物之间交流，所以很难评估其他物种的疼痛。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据后文Some researchers argue lobsters (龙虾) are too dissimilar to vertebrates (脊椎动物) to feel pain. 可知一些研究人员认为龙虾和脊椎动物太不相似了，所以不能感觉到疼痛。与本段最后一句In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.（今天大多数科学家都认为龙虾受伤会引起身体疼痛。）两者观点完全不一致，是存在巨大分歧的。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据下文To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods.（为了满足挑剔的食客，更多的餐馆排除了残忍的烹饪方法。）可知本空是叙述这一行为的原因是：除了道德上的考虑，许多厨师认为压力会对肉的味道产生负面影响。故选F。
【40题详解】
根据下文The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain.（接下来的烹调过程肯定不会引起疼痛。）因此可知龙虾是因为电击立刻失去了知觉，所以没有痛苦，故选B。
第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program. In my application letter, I was careful to ___41___ how much I wanted to see France; evidently, my excitement really came through in my words. Once I ___42___ that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and ___43___ friends. While traveling was inspiring and meeting people was ___44___, nothing about my term in France was what I ___45___.
The moment I arrived in Paris, I was ___46___ by a nice French couple who would become my host parents. My entire experience was joyous and exciting ___47___ I received some shocking news from my program-coordinator (协调人): there had been a death in my host parents’ extended family. They had to travel outside France for several weeks. That afternoon, I had to ___48___ out of one family’s house and into another. The exchange coordinator told me I’d have a ___49___ this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker. To avoid the temptation to ___50___ my native language, I asked not to be ___51___ with an English-speaking roommate. When I got to my new room, I ___52___ myself to my new roommate Paolo, a ___53___, the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs! In just a few hours, we knew we’d be good friends for the rest of the ___54___.
I left France with many ___55___, so when people ask me what my favorite part of the trip was, they are always ___56___ to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and the scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends ___57___ France we enjoyed together. I love how people can seem so different, but end up being so ___58___. The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people ___59___ to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a continent away. I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful ___60___.
41. A. discuss B. express C. announce D. argue
42. A. approved B. knew C. warmed D. denied
43. A. stubborn B. anxious C. universal D. interesting
44. A. boring B. upsetting C. exciting D. promising
45. A. expected B. liked C. doubted D. feared
46. A. sponsored B. witnessed C. greeted D. supported
47. A. until B. when C. since D. while
48. A. move B. travel C. walk D. rush
49. A. housekeeper B. leader C. roommate D. colleague
50. A. learn B. appreciate C. speak D. master
51. A. combined B. fitted C. involved D. adapted
52. A. added B. introduced C. devoted D. adapted
53. A. Japanese B. Brazilian C. Frenchman D. German
54. A. term B. week C. month D. vacation
55. A. presents B. suitcases C. stories D. dreams
56. A. surprised B. disturbed C. embarrassed D. concerned
57. A. analyzing B. exploring C. describing D. investigating
58. A. generous B. independent C. similar D. distant
59. A. and B. but C. or D. so
60. A. instructions B. friendships C. facts D. data
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. B 54. A 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. B 60. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记述文。作者很幸运地被选中参加了一个英法交换生项目，但到达法国的当天，他原定的接待家庭中因有人去世要出国，所以他不得不搬到另一个家庭与人合住。在那里他遇到了来自巴西的同龄人，两人很快成为了好朋友，一起度过了一个学期的美好时光。这段经历也给作者留下了难忘的回忆。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. discuss讨论；B. express表达；C. announce宣布；D. argue争论。根据句意：在我的申请信中，我小心的表达（express）了我非常想去法国的愿望。从后面宾语内容可判断是作者想要"传达对于法国有多么的向往"，是一种情感，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. approved赞成；B. knew知道；C. warmed使温暖；D. denied拒绝。根据句意：一旦我知道了我即将出发，我能想到的全是这次外国之旅的有趣之处…此处还是延续传达作者对于法国的向往之情，一得知要去法国，便在大脑中想象各种情景，故选B。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. stubborn固执；B. anxious焦急的；C. universal普遍的；D. interesting有趣的。根据句意可知，一旦我知道我（被获准）将去法国，我能想到的事情就是国外旅行的乐趣和结交各种新的有趣的朋友，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. boring无聊的；B. upsetting令人心烦的；C. exciting激动的；D. promising有希望的。根据语境可知，虽然旅行很鼓舞人心且看见他人也令人兴奋，但是我在法国的半学期和我预想的完全不一样．"and"前后并列内容为"traveling…inspiring"，可推断"meeting people…exciting"，同样可对应前文已经出现的"exciting，fun"等字眼，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. expected预期；B. liked喜欢；C. doubted怀疑；D. feared害怕。根据语境：但是我在法国的半学期和我预想的完全不一样。此处通过"while"我们可得知，作者对于"term in France"并没有期待，故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. sponsored赞助；B. witnessed目击；C. greeted 欢迎；D. supported支持。根据句意可知，我刚到法国就受到了一个很亲和的法国夫妇的欢迎。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. until直到才；B. when 什么时候；C. since自从；因为；D. while当……时候。根据语境可知，我的体验很有趣很让人兴奋，直到我从法国夫妇那里听到了骇人的消息。因为前一句话中出现"joyous，exciting"，而后句出现的是"shocking news"可知，激动心情的终结，转而变成不好的事情。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. move搬家；B. travel旅行；C. walk散步；D. rush冲。根据句意可知，"那天我不得不搬出原寄宿家庭的家，进入新的寄宿家庭"。固定短语"move out搬出"，故选A。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. housekeeper女管家；B. leader领导人；C. roommate室友；D. colleague同事。根据语境可知，"协调人告诉我这次我将有一个室友。"roommate"室友"下文也重现了roommate。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. learn学会；B. appreciate感激；C. speak说话；D. master掌握。根据动词后出现的是宾语"language"，可知，只能是"speak"，为了避免说母语的诱惑，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. combined结合；B. fitted适应；合适；C. involved涉及；D. adapted使适应。根据语境可知，为了避免说本族语（此处是英语）的诱惑，我要求不要和一个说英语的室友安置在一起。短语be adapted with sb.“和某人安置在一起”，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. added添加；B. introduced介绍；C. devoted献身于；D. adapted使适应。因为是"new roommate"，自然需要互相介绍，"introduce""，故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. Japanese日本人；B. Brazilian巴西人；C. Frenchman法国人；D. German德国人。根据下文my Brazilian friend Paolo可知我的室友是巴西人，故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. term学期；B. week 周；C. month月；D. vacation假期。根据第一段末最后一句中的"term"，几个小时后我就知道我们在这学期剩下的日子里会成为好朋友。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. presents礼物；B. suitcases行李箱；C. stories故事；D. dreams梦想。根据下文的描述"weekdays in class，weeknights on the town，weekends…France"可知，作者在法国与室友发生了很多的故事，故选C。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. surprised惊讶的；B. disturbed扰乱的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. concerned关心的。根据前半部提到人们问作者这次旅行中最喜欢的部分，作者却说的是他的室友，并不是首段中作者的设想，此结果不仅让他人"surprised"，就连作者本人都没有想到。故选A。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. analyzing分析；B. exploring探索；C. describing描述；D. investigating调查。根据后接宾语France可知是一地方，只能选择explore"探索"，享受着我们一起探索法国的周末。故选B。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. generous大方的；B. independent独立的；C. similar相似的；D. distant遥远的。前文出现"different"，"but"后显而易见表示出现相反结果，即反义词"similar。再根据语境可知，人们看起来似乎如此不同，但最终又如此相似。故选C。
【59题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. and并且；B. but但是；C. or或者；D. so因此。考查固定搭配"not just/only…but （also）…"表示"不仅…，而且"，根据句意可知，"我在法国学到的东西是我们不仅要尊敬外国人，而且要尊敬所有的人"，故选B。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. instructions指令；B. friendships友谊；C. facts 事实；D. data数据。根据语境可知，我会向任何想要体验外国文化并收获友谊的人推荐这样一个项目。最后一题为点明文章主旨，在前文中出现有关"roommate"的描述，又在前句中出现"friends"，可推断本文作者做大的收益便是"friendships"，故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题15分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qian Zhongshu was a Chinese scholar and writer, known for his wit and erudition(博学). Despite failing in mathematics, Qian ___61___ (success) entered the Department of Foreign Languages under Tsinghua University in 1929 because of his ___62___ (excellence) performance in Chinese and English languages. In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was to become a successful playwright and translator, and ___63___ (marry) her in 1935. In the same year, Qian received government sponsorship ___64___ (promote) his studies abroad. Together with his wife, Qian headed for the University of Oxford in Britain. After ___65___ (spend) two years at Exeter College, he received a bachelor of literature. He studied for one more year in the University of Paris in France, and he didn’t return to China ___66___ 1938.
Qian lived in Shanghai from 1941 to 1945, ___67___ was then under Japanese occupation. At that time he devoted ___68___ (he) to writing and many of his works were written or published then. A collection of short ___69___ (essay), Writing in the Margins of Life, was published in 1941. His most celebrated work Fortress Besieged appeared in 1947. On the Art of Poetry, written ___70___ classical Chinese was issued in 1948.
【答案】61. successfully
62. excellent
63. married
64. to promote
65. spending
66. until 67. which
68. himself
69. essays 70. in
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述钱钟书先生的故事。
【61题详解】
考查副词。此处enter“进入”是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为successfully。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。此处performance“表现”是名词，形容词修饰名词，故答案为excellent。
【63题详解】
考查并列谓语。句意：在清华大学，他遇到了后来成为成功剧作家和翻译家的妻子杨绛，并于1935年与她结婚。结合句意可知此处是并列谓语，句子用一般过去时态，故答案为married。
【64题详解】
考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：同年，钱学森接受政府资助出国留学。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故答案为to promote。
【65题详解】
考查动词名词。句意：在埃克塞特学院学习两年之后，他获得了文学学士学位。此处after是介词，意思是“在------之后”，后面用动名词作宾语，故答案为spending。
【66题详解】
考查介词。句意：他在法国巴黎大学又学习了一年，直到1938年才回到中国。结合句意可知此处用介词until“直到------为止”。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1941年至1945年，钱生活在上海，当时上海正处于日本占领之下。此处Shanghai作先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故答案为which。
【68题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：那时候他致力于写作，他的许多作品都是在那个时候写成或出版的。固定搭配：devote oneself to“致力于，献身于”，此处用反身代词，结合句意答案为himself。
【69题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：1941年出版了一本短篇小品集，名为《生命的边缘》。固定搭配：a collection of+可数名词复数，故答案为essays。
【70题详解】
考查介词。句意：《论诗歌艺术》于1948年出版，是用文言文写成的。“用------语言”应该用介词in，故答案为in。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词Shanghai，指物，再分析先行词Shanghai在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词Shanghai带到从句中可知，只能作主语，且这里是非限制性定语从句，不能用that引导，故答案为which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you are considering make up with Peter. If I were you, I would consider a bike for a birthday present.
As far as I know, Peter is always in poor health, so he should take more exercises by riding a bike to have his body build up. Meanwhile, you can often go out by bike together, which was helpful in rebuilding your friendship. Besides, taking a bike is environmentally friendly means of transport. It is convenient to get around as well. Apart from giving him a gift, and you can also adopt other means, such as traveling, seeing a movie, having dinner and going shopping. No matter how you do, being sincere is the most important. Don’t hesitate, and trying to take action. I really hope that we can make up and be good friends forever.
Best wishes!
Li Hua
【答案】1.make→making
2.for→as
3.exercises→exercise
4.build→built
5.was→is
6.environmentally前面加上an
7.去掉and
8.how→what
9.trying→try
10.we→you
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇电子邮件。李华听说Tom想和Peter和好，很高兴。于是提供了一些建议，希望他们能和好如初，成为永远的朋友。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。短语be considering doing“正在考虑做某事”。故make改为making。
2.考查介词。句意：如果我是你，我会考虑买一辆自行车当作生日礼物。表示“当作”应用as，故for改为as。
3.考查名词的数。exercise此处表示锻炼，无复数形式。故exercises改为exercise。
4.考查非谓语动词。固定结构have+宾语+宾语补足语，此处body与build up为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，build改为built。
5.考查动词时态。根据上文可知本文应用一般现在时，故was改为is。
6.考查冠词。文章第二段第三句，结合句意，此外，骑自行车是一种环保的交通方式。这里泛指“一个；一种”，且后面的 environmentally 以元音音素开头，所以应使用不定冠词 an。故正确答案为在 environmentally 之前添加 an。
7.考查连词。文章第二段第五句，结合句意，除了给他礼物，你还可以采取其他的方式，比如旅游，看电影，吃饭和购物。Apart from giving him a gift 是介词短语，并不是完整的句子，而 and 是并列连词，连接两个句子。本句后面应该是简单句而非并列句，所以不需要 and。故正确答案为将 and 删除。
8.考查连接词。文章第二段倒数第三句，结合句意，无论你做什么，真诚是最重要的。do 在这里是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，所以此处引导词要在从句中作宾语。因此应用 what。故正确答案为将 how 替换为 what。9.考查祈使句。句意：不要犹豫，尝试着采取行动。可知，此处是祈使句，and 前后动词形式应该保持一致，Don't 后应用动词原形，所以应用 try。故将 trying 改为try。
10.考查人称代词。结合句意：“我”真的希望你们能和好，永远都是好朋友。本文是李华写给 Tom 的信，信里提供了一些建议，希望 Tom 和 Peter 能够和好，所以此处站在写信人李华的角度应该是 you 而不是 we。故将 we改为you。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72.假定你是学校英语报的兼职编辑李华。最近该报开设了 Your Feelings专栏(column)。请用英语写一篇短文介绍开设该专栏的目的(交流情感)、专栏内容(有关心理健康的文章及解答心理问题)并号召同学们投稿。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We are teens and so much is changing around and inside us. Maybe we are happy and confident one minute but become sad and confused the next. We can learn how to cope with all kinds of feelings. This is why we set up a column called Your Feelings.
In this column, there are articles that give information about how to keep mental health. Moreover, you can express yourselves freely and raise any problems that trouble you. We have invited some best psychologists to help your problems.
Please continue to focus on us and we welcome contributions to the column.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇说明文；假定你是学校英语报的兼职编辑李华。最近该报开设了 Your Feelings专栏(column)。请用英语写一篇短文介绍开设该专栏的目的(交流情感)、专栏内容(有关心理健康的文章及解答心理问题)并号召同学们投稿。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：teen（青少年），cope with（处理），mental health（心理健康），express yourselves freely（自由表达自我）；psychologists（心理学家）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如This is why we set up a column called Your Feelings. 运用了表语从句；In this column, there are articles that give information about how to keep mental health.运用了同位语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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