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译林牛津9A 全册八单元语法总结
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这是一份牛津译林版九年级上册本册综合公开课教案设计，共10页。教案主要包含了he等内容，欢迎下载使用。
9 A Unit 1 Knw yurself
并列连词and, but, r和s
并列连词连接两个互不依从的词、短语和分句，表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系等。并列连词用法如下：
并列连词, nt (als)..., 和都是并列连词，它们可以连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等，用法如下：
9 A Unit 2 Clurs
由that引导的宾语从句
由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如：
He said (that) he wanted t stay at hme.
She desn’t knw (that) she is seriusly ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
由whether/if引导的宾语从句
由if或whether引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
例如：
I want t knw if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I culd help him.
只能用whether不能用if的情况：
1）在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导。
Everything depends n whether we have enugh mney.。
2）宾语从句中有r nt时不用if引导。
I dn’t knw whether the mvie star will cme r nt.
3）和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导。
Whether t g there r nt hasn’t been decided.
9 A Unit 3 Teenage prblems
连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 由连接代词wh, whm, whse, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, hw引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如：
D yu knw wh (whm) they are waiting fr?
He asked whse handwriting was the best.
Can yu tell me where the N.3 bus stp is?
I dn’t knw why the train is late.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
例如：
N ne knws what he is ding.
Can yu tell me hw I can get t z?
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制: 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定；主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。
例如：
She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
She says that she will fly t Japan in a week.
She said that she wuld fly t Japan in a week.
She says that she has finished her hmewrk already.
She said that she had finished her hmewrk already.
如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
例如：
The teacher said that the earth ges rund the sun.
He tld me that Japan is an island cuntry.
提建议的句型
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① Why nt...是Why dn’t yu...的缩写形式，表示“为什么...”，后接动词原形。
Why nt help me?=Why dn’t yu help me?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② What abut/Hw abut...表示“怎么样”，后接名词、代词或者动名词。
What/Hw abut having a cup f cffee?
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ Let’s...表示“让我们……吧”。
Let’s g tgether.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ Shall we...表示“我们……好吗？”
Shall we meet at the schl gate?
9 A Unit 4 Grwing up
when, while, befre和after引导的时间状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① when和while引导时间状语从句均表示“当……时候”，when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。while表示时间段，因此，while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。
例如：
When he came in, his mther was cking.
When (While) we were at schl, we went t the library every day.
Please dn't talk s lud while thers are wrking.
Tm’s brther was playing the cmputer games while Tm was studying hard.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② befre“在……之前”和after“在……之后”。
例如：
He had learned a little Chinese befre he came t China.
After he had finished middle schl, he went t wrk in a factry.
since, until/till引导的时间状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① since引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作，从过去的某一点时间持续到现在，从句时态常用一般过去时，主句的时态一般用现在完成时。
例如：
He has nt written t me since he graduated frm high schl.
We have knwn each ther since we came t the schl tw years ag.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如：
The yung man read till the light went ut.
Let’s wait until the rain stps.
We wn’t start until Bb cmes.
Dn’t get ff until the bus stps.
as sn as和whenever引导的时间状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① as sn as表示“一……就……”。
As sn as I arrive, I will call yu.
He will be happy as sn as he thinks f his childhd.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② whenever引导时间状语从句，表示“每当、任何时候”。
Yu can ask fr help whenever yu need it.
9 A Unit 5 Art wrld
because, since和as引导原因状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① because用于表示直接原因，回答why提出的问题，语气最强；as用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成“由于”；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成“既然”。
例如：
---Why didn’t yu g there? ---Because I didn’t want t.
Water is very imprtant because we can't live withut it.
He didn't cme yesterday as his mther was ill.
I'll d it fr yu since yu are busy.
It must have rained last night, fr the grund is wet.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② because和s不能同时在一个句子中出现。
Because he spends little time learning English, he fails in the exam.
=He spends little time learning English, s he fails in the exam.
9 A Unit 6 TV prgrammes
if/unless引导条件状语从句
if引导条件状语从句，如果主句为一般将来时、主句为祈使句或者含有情态动词时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
例如：
We will g fishing if it desn't rain tmrrw.
Yu can g hme if yu finish yur hmewrk.
2. unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非、如果不”，相当于if nt。如果主句为一般将来时、主句为祈使句或者含有情态动词时，unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
例如：
Unless yur wrk hard, yu wn't get gd grades.
Yu will miss the early bus unless yu hurry up.
9 A Unit 7 Films
althugh和thugh引导让步状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 让步状语从句通常由althugh, thugh等连词引导，两者可以互换。
例如：
Thugh he is yung, he knws a lt.
Althugh I am tired, I must g n wrking. ""
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② althugh(thugh)不能用在同一个句子中。
例如：
Thugh it was raining hard, he still went ut.
=It was raining hard, but he still went ut.
和引导结果状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 在由引导的结果状语从句中，s是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “ + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。
例如： ""
He was s glad that he culdn’t say a wrd. ""
The hall is s big that it can hld 2,000 peple. ""
Mther lives s far away that we hardly ever see her. ""
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。
例如： ""
It was such a ht day that nbdy wanted t d anything. ""
He had such lng arms that he culd almst tuch the ceiling. ""
He made such rapid prgress that he did very well in the mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。
例如： ""
It was such a wnderful film that all f us wanted t see it again. ""
=The film was s wnderful that all f us wanted t see it again. ""
It is such an imprtant match that nbdy wants t miss it. ""
=The match is s imprtant that nbdy wants t miss it. ""
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ 如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用s, 不用such。
例如： ""
Sn there were s many deer that they ate up all the wild rses. ""
He has s little time that he can’t g t the cinema with yu.
s that引导目的状语从句
s that引导目的状语从句，用以说明主句动作的目的，可以与in rder that互换，从句经常会出现表示“能够的情态动词”，如can, culd, may, might, will, wuld等。
We started early s that we culd catch the first train.
He studies hard s that he culd find a gd jb in the future.
We used the cmputer in rder that we might save time.
9 A Unit 8 Detective stries
限定性定语从句和关系代词
在复合句中，修饰名词或者代词的句子叫做定语从句，通常放在名词或者代词后面，被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连词称之为关系词，关系词在定语从句中充当某个句子成分，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
【拓展】关系代词that和wh/which的用法区别
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 当先行词是all, any, few, little, nne, anything, everything,nthing 等不定代词时。
That’s all that I knw. 那就是我所知道的一切。
Is there anything that I can d fr yu? 有没有什么我可以帮你做的？
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
That is the mst interesting bk that I have ever read. 那是我看过的最有趣的书。
He is always the first persn that cmes t schl. 他总是第一个到学校的人。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ 当先行词被the very, the nly, the same修饰时。
That’s the nly thing that I can d nw. 那是我能为你做的唯一的一件事了。
These are the very wrds that he said. 这些就是他所说的话。
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ 当主句是以 wh 或 which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Wh is the girl that spke t yu just nw? 刚刚和你说话的女孩是谁？
Which is the pen that yu lst ? 你丢的是哪支笔。
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤ 先行词同时包括人或物时。
The man and his dg that I always meet are standing by the gate. 我经常遇到的那个人和他的狗正站在门口。
I will never frget the peple and the places that I have ever visited. 我绝不会忘记我拜访过的人和地方。
= 6 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑥ 当关系代词在从句中作表语时。
China is n lnger the cuntry that it was. 中国不再是以前那个国家了。
= 7 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑦ 关系代词前有介词时。
This is the rm that/which Tm lives in.
= This is the rm in which Tm lives. 这是汤姆住的房子。
and
和
表示并列关系
We are singing and they are dancing.
表示肯定的条件
Think it ver and yu can slve the prblem.
but
但是
表示转折关系
The car is very ld but it runs very fast.
r
或者
表示选择关系
D yu g t schl by bus r n ft?
否则
表示否定的条件
Be careful, r yu may cut yur finger.
s
所以
表示因果关系
It was late, s I went hme.
既……又……
Bth Tny and Mary are ging t the Great Wall.
nt (als)...
不仅……而且……
He can speak nt nly Chinese but als English.
或者……或者……
He is either at hme r at schl.
既不……也不……
Neither he nr I have been seen the film.
9 A Unit 1 Knw yurself
并列连词and, but, r和s
并列连词连接两个互不依从的词、短语和分句，表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系等。并列连词用法如下：
并列连词, nt (als)..., 和都是并列连词，它们可以连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等，用法如下：
9 A Unit 2 Clurs
由that引导的宾语从句
由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如：
He said (that) he wanted t stay at hme.
She desn’t knw (that) she is seriusly ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
由whether/if引导的宾语从句
由if或whether引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
例如：
I want t knw if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I culd help him.
只能用whether不能用if的情况：
1）在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导。
Everything depends n whether we have enugh mney.。
2）宾语从句中有r nt时不用if引导。
I dn’t knw whether the mvie star will cme r nt.
3）和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导。
Whether t g there r nt hasn’t been decided.
9 A Unit 3 Teenage prblems
连接代词和连接副词引导宾语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 由连接代词wh, whm, whse, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, hw引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如：
D yu knw wh (whm) they are waiting fr?
He asked whse handwriting was the best.
Can yu tell me where the N.3 bus stp is?
I dn’t knw why the train is late.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
例如：
N ne knws what he is ding.
Can yu tell me hw I can get t z?
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制: 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定；主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。
例如：
She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
She says that she will fly t Japan in a week.
She said that she wuld fly t Japan in a week.
She says that she has finished her hmewrk already.
She said that she had finished her hmewrk already.
如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
例如：
The teacher said that the earth ges rund the sun.
He tld me that Japan is an island cuntry.
提建议的句型
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① Why nt...是Why dn’t yu...的缩写形式，表示“为什么...”，后接动词原形。
Why nt help me?=Why dn’t yu help me?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② What abut/Hw abut...表示“怎么样”，后接名词、代词或者动名词。
What/Hw abut having a cup f cffee?
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ Let’s...表示“让我们……吧”。
Let’s g tgether.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ Shall we...表示“我们……好吗？”
Shall we meet at the schl gate?
9 A Unit 4 Grwing up
when, while, befre和after引导的时间状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① when和while引导时间状语从句均表示“当……时候”，when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。while表示时间段，因此，while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。
例如：
When he came in, his mther was cking.
When (While) we were at schl, we went t the library every day.
Please dn't talk s lud while thers are wrking.
Tm’s brther was playing the cmputer games while Tm was studying hard.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② befre“在……之前”和after“在……之后”。
例如：
He had learned a little Chinese befre he came t China.
After he had finished middle schl, he went t wrk in a factry.
since, until/till引导的时间状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① since引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作，从过去的某一点时间持续到现在，从句时态常用一般过去时，主句的时态一般用现在完成时。
例如：
He has nt written t me since he graduated frm high schl.
We have knwn each ther since we came t the schl tw years ag.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如：
The yung man read till the light went ut.
Let’s wait until the rain stps.
We wn’t start until Bb cmes.
Dn’t get ff until the bus stps.
as sn as和whenever引导的时间状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① as sn as表示“一……就……”。
As sn as I arrive, I will call yu.
He will be happy as sn as he thinks f his childhd.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② whenever引导时间状语从句，表示“每当、任何时候”。
Yu can ask fr help whenever yu need it.
9 A Unit 5 Art wrld
because, since和as引导原因状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① because用于表示直接原因，回答why提出的问题，语气最强；as用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成“由于”；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成“既然”。
例如：
---Why didn’t yu g there? ---Because I didn’t want t.
Water is very imprtant because we can't live withut it.
He didn't cme yesterday as his mther was ill.
I'll d it fr yu since yu are busy.
It must have rained last night, fr the grund is wet.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② because和s不能同时在一个句子中出现。
Because he spends little time learning English, he fails in the exam.
=He spends little time learning English, s he fails in the exam.
9 A Unit 6 TV prgrammes
if/unless引导条件状语从句
if引导条件状语从句，如果主句为一般将来时、主句为祈使句或者含有情态动词时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
例如：
We will g fishing if it desn't rain tmrrw.
Yu can g hme if yu finish yur hmewrk.
2. unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非、如果不”，相当于if nt。如果主句为一般将来时、主句为祈使句或者含有情态动词时，unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
例如：
Unless yur wrk hard, yu wn't get gd grades.
Yu will miss the early bus unless yu hurry up.
9 A Unit 7 Films
althugh和thugh引导让步状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 让步状语从句通常由althugh, thugh等连词引导，两者可以互换。
例如：
Thugh he is yung, he knws a lt.
Althugh I am tired, I must g n wrking. ""
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② althugh(thugh)不能用在同一个句子中。
例如：
Thugh it was raining hard, he still went ut.
=It was raining hard, but he still went ut.
和引导结果状语从句
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 在由引导的结果状语从句中，s是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “ + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。
例如： ""
He was s glad that he culdn’t say a wrd. ""
The hall is s big that it can hld 2,000 peple. ""
Mther lives s far away that we hardly ever see her. ""
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。
例如： ""
It was such a ht day that nbdy wanted t d anything. ""
He had such lng arms that he culd almst tuch the ceiling. ""
He made such rapid prgress that he did very well in the mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。
例如： ""
It was such a wnderful film that all f us wanted t see it again. ""
=The film was s wnderful that all f us wanted t see it again. ""
It is such an imprtant match that nbdy wants t miss it. ""
=The match is s imprtant that nbdy wants t miss it. ""
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ 如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用s, 不用such。
例如： ""
Sn there were s many deer that they ate up all the wild rses. ""
He has s little time that he can’t g t the cinema with yu.
s that引导目的状语从句
s that引导目的状语从句，用以说明主句动作的目的，可以与in rder that互换，从句经常会出现表示“能够的情态动词”，如can, culd, may, might, will, wuld等。
We started early s that we culd catch the first train.
He studies hard s that he culd find a gd jb in the future.
We used the cmputer in rder that we might save time.
9 A Unit 8 Detective stries
限定性定语从句和关系代词
在复合句中，修饰名词或者代词的句子叫做定语从句，通常放在名词或者代词后面，被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连词称之为关系词，关系词在定语从句中充当某个句子成分，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
【拓展】关系代词that和wh/which的用法区别
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① 当先行词是all, any, few, little, nne, anything, everything,nthing 等不定代词时。
That’s all that I knw. 那就是我所知道的一切。
Is there anything that I can d fr yu? 有没有什么我可以帮你做的？
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
That is the mst interesting bk that I have ever read. 那是我看过的最有趣的书。
He is always the first persn that cmes t schl. 他总是第一个到学校的人。
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ 当先行词被the very, the nly, the same修饰时。
That’s the nly thing that I can d nw. 那是我能为你做的唯一的一件事了。
These are the very wrds that he said. 这些就是他所说的话。
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ 当主句是以 wh 或 which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Wh is the girl that spke t yu just nw? 刚刚和你说话的女孩是谁？
Which is the pen that yu lst ? 你丢的是哪支笔。
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤ 先行词同时包括人或物时。
The man and his dg that I always meet are standing by the gate. 我经常遇到的那个人和他的狗正站在门口。
I will never frget the peple and the places that I have ever visited. 我绝不会忘记我拜访过的人和地方。
= 6 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑥ 当关系代词在从句中作表语时。
China is n lnger the cuntry that it was. 中国不再是以前那个国家了。
= 7 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑦ 关系代词前有介词时。
This is the rm that/which Tm lives in.
= This is the rm in which Tm lives. 这是汤姆住的房子。
and
和
表示并列关系
We are singing and they are dancing.
表示肯定的条件
Think it ver and yu can slve the prblem.
but
但是
表示转折关系
The car is very ld but it runs very fast.
r
或者
表示选择关系
D yu g t schl by bus r n ft?
否则
表示否定的条件
Be careful, r yu may cut yur finger.
s
所以
表示因果关系
It was late, s I went hme.
既……又……
Bth Tny and Mary are ging t the Great Wall.
nt (als)...
不仅……而且……
He can speak nt nly Chinese but als English.
或者……或者……
He is either at hme r at schl.
既不……也不……
Neither he nr I have been seen the film.
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