重庆市巴蜀中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份重庆市巴蜀中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7， Bk at等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段录音后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。
1. What des the man decide t d tday?
A. Visit his parents. B. G t bed earlier. C. Talk t his neighbr.
2. Where des the wman think the missing page is?
A. On the bus. B. In the classrm. C. In the library.
3. Hw des Emily prbably feel?
A. Upset. B. Cncerned. C. Relieved.
4. What des Sphie ffer t d fr Daniel?
A. Lend him sme mney. B. Share her lunch with him. C. Treat him t a schl meal.
5. What is Jack’s main cncern?
A. Being stuck in traffic. B. Missing a sprts game. C. Getting caught in the rain.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作
答时间。每段录音播放两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6. What was Liam’s prblem?
A. He started at a new schl.
B. He struggled t make friends.
C. He had difficulty with his hmewrk.
7. Where are the speakers prbably?
A. In a classrm. B. At hme. C. In a schl canteen.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. Lisa’s huse. B. Lisa’s hbby. C. Lisa’s travels.
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9. Why is the dll in the glass case special t Lisa?
A. It was made eighty years ag.
B. It was a rare find in an antique shp.
C. It was passed dwn frm an elder f hers.
10. Where did Lisa’s friend buy a dll fr her?
A. In Russia. B. In Japan. C. In China.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
11. Why is the man talking t the wman?
A. T prmte umbrellas. B. T research lcal crafts. C. T learn abut her umbrella.
12. What can we learn abut traditinal il paper umbrellas?
A. They have cultural significance in festivals.
B. They are nly used fr prtectin against rain.
C. They can be mass-prduced in factries nw.
13. Wh is the man prbably?
A. A lcal villager. B. A shp wner. C. A turist.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
14. What time is it nw prbably?
A.5:40 p. m. B.6:00 p. m. C.6:20 p. m.
15. What is abut t happen?
A. A surprise party. B. A husewarming. C. A wedding celebratin.
16. Hw are the speakers related t Jake?
A. His family. B. His c-wrkers. C. His friends.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What cmpetitin has the athletics team wn?
A. A schl cntest. B. A natinal game. C. An internatinal cmpetitin.
18. Hw lng did the team train fr?
A. Fr six weeks. B. Fr eight mnths. C. Fr a year.
19. What helped the team win?
A. Gd grades in schl tests. B. Schl supprt. C. Hard wrk and teamwrk.
20. Why des the speaker encurage the listeners t exercise?
第 2页/共 23页
A. A healthy bdy helps the mind.
B. It can help build their character.
C. The athletics team needs mre members.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。
A
Dream Big with Calednia
Calednian Sleeper is a gateway t a wrld f pssibilities with ur vernight rail service bringing a tuch f
the extrardinary t travel between Lndn and Edinburgh.
Taste the lcal fd, have the ultimate sleep n ur cmfrtable bed and enjy a private rm with tilet and
shwer. And abve all, wake up refreshed, ready t start an adventure at yur destinatin.
Calednian Duble Club Rm Classic Rm Cmfrt Seats
duble bed 2 single beds twin bunk beds
breakfast fr breakfast breakfast included breakfast included
purchase purchase
tilet and shwer tilet and shwer in-rm washbasin
charging pints &
charging pints & Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Wi-Fi
pririty barding pririty barding
temperature cntrl temperature cntrl
We ffer tw categries f rail tickets t travel n ur service:
Calednian Sleeper Fixed Advance: Our Fixed Advance tickets ffer ur best value fares. N changes, refunds
r upgrades are allwed. Available fr Club rms (£150/ passenger) and Classic rms (£100/ passenger). Bk at
least 2 mnths ahead f time.
Calednian Sleeper Flexible: Our Flexible tickets are fully refundable. Available fr Calednian Duble
第 3页/共 23页
(£200/ passenger), Club rms (£170/ passenger), Classic rms (£120/ passenger) and Cmfrt seats (£50/
passenger). Bk anytime if available.
* Ntice: These are single(ne-way) tickets; t make a return jurney, just buy tw single tickets.
Ops! A family getaway can ften feel like smene is missing if yur furry friend is left behind. If yu are
travelling in a Calednian Duble r Club rm, yu’re welcme t bring up t 2 pets with an additinal fare as
lw as £30 per rm.
1. In which website d we prbably find this text?
A. B.
C. D.
2. What can all ticket hlders enjy withut extra charge?
A. Pririty barding. B. Wi-Fi signals. C. On-bard breakfast. D. Charging pints.
3. What is the lwest rund-trip fare fr a cuple with their tw pet dgs?
A. £160. B. £260. C. £360. D. £660.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍 Calednian 卧铺列车的车厢类型、配套设施、两种车票价格与退改规则，以及携带
宠物出行的相关规定。
【1 题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文第一段“Calednian Sleeper is a gateway t a wrld f pssibilities with ur vernight rail
service bringing a tuch f the extrardinary t travel between Lndn and Edinburgh.(喀里多尼亚卧铺列车是通
往无限可能世界的门户，我们的夜间铁路服务为往返伦敦与爱丁堡的旅途增添别样精彩。)”可知，本文围
绕铁路卧铺列车服务展开，最有可能出现在铁路服务相关网站。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文表格“Calednian Duble、Club Rm、Classic Rm、Cmfrt Seats”一栏均标注
“Wi-Fi”可知，四种席位全部配备无线网络，所有持票乘客均可免费使用无线网络。
【3 题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文倒数第四段“Our Fixed Advance tickets ffer ur best value fares. N changes, refunds
r upgrades are allwed. Available fr Club rms (£ 150/ passenger) and Classic rms (£ 100/ passenger).(我们
的早订特惠票价性价比最高，不可改签、退票或升级房型，仅适用于俱乐部客房（每位乘客 150 英镑）和
经典客房（每位乘客 100 英镑）。) ”及倒数第三段“Available fr Calednian Duble (£200/passenger), Club
第 4页/共 23页
rms (£170/passenger) (可预订喀里多尼亚双人房（每位乘客 200 英镑）、俱乐部客房（每位乘客 170 英
镑）)”、原文倒数第二段“Ntice: These are single (ne-way) tickets; t make a return jurney, just buy tw
single tickets.(注意：以上均为单程票；如需往返行程，仅需购买两张单程票。)”、原文最后一段“If yu are
travelling in a Calednian Duble r Club rm, yu’ re welcme t bring up t 2 pets with an additinal fare as
lw as £30 per rm.(若您入住喀里多尼亚双人房或俱乐部客房，最多可携带两只宠物，每间客房附加费用低
至 30 英镑。)”可知，最便宜可携带宠物的房型是俱乐部客房：早订特惠票单人单程 150 英镑，两人单程：
150×2=300 英镑；往返需两张单程票，两人往返 150×2×2=600 英镑。宠物费用：每间房单程附加最低 30
英镑，往返两间单程即 30×2=60 英镑。总费用：600+60=660 英镑。故夫妻二人两只宠物往返最低总票价
为 660 英镑。
B
A lud banging nise suddenly rang ut in the lab I had recently jined as a graduate student, and I realized I
was t blame. When placing tubes int a centrifuge (离 心 机 ), I had failed t make sure they were perfectly
balanced. My mistake was clear the secnd I turned it n. I culdn’t switch it ff until the cycle finished, s I std
there, frzen, praying the machine wuldn’t fall ff the desk.
Having always been a tp student, I expected excellence frm myself. Any misstep, in my view, was a sign
that I might nt be cut ut fr this wrk. But the lack f a clearly defined curriculum in graduate schl meant I did
nt always knw the rules. Suddenly, I was expected t build everything frm nthing, trying t steady myself n a
rcking bat.
As the mnths went n, the mistakes piled up. When my first attempt at DNA extractin failed, I feared I
might never get it right. The fear deepened when a cuple mre attempts failed. Even thugh such mments are a
nrmal part f graduate schl, I had truble accepting my errrs and mving n. As I kept making mistakes, it felt
like all eyes were n me, judging me. The fear grew s strng that I began t pull back and stp trying s hard. I
didn’t want t give thers evidence f my incmpetence.
Then, ne night I had a dream. That dream shwed me smething I hadn’t been able t grasp in waking life: I
needed t treat myself with the same understanding I wuld ffer a dear friend. If a friend had made a mistake, I
wuld have tld them t take it lightly, and even t welcme it as a necessary part f learning. That realizatin led
me t change my reactin after smething went wrng. I als started t lg my mistakes s I culd learn frm them.
I wuld nte whether there was smething I culd have dne differently. Then I wuld mve n.
As I became mre cmfrtable with the idea f making mistakes, I pened up with peers and prfessrs. What
I heard frm them was striking: Almst all f them had cmmitted mistakes — small r large. The reality is, we
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are all ging t mess up. I nw realize that’s OK, even necessary.
4. Which wrd best describes the authr’s lab experience in Paragraph 1?
A. Disheartening. B. Time-wasting. C. Misleading. D. Ill-planned.
5. What did the authr think f her mistakes befre her dream?
A. A sign f her lack f effrt. B. A shame that needs t be erased.
C. An utcme f being judged by thers. D. A prf f her unfitness fr lab wrk.
6. Hw did the dream influence the authr?
A. She stpped making mistakes in lab wrk.
B. She learned t cmfrt ther errr makers.
C. She accepted mistakes as essentials in her life.
D. She began cmparing her mistakes with thers’.
7. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Mistakes are gd reasns t play safe. B. A shift in mind changes the path ahead.
C. He wh fails t prepare prepares t fail. D. A friend indeed gives the advice yu need.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者研究生阶段进入实验室后接连出错，因对自己要求极高，始终无法接受失误，一
度因害怕暴露能力不足而退缩，后来一场梦让作者领悟到要像包容朋友一样包容自己的错误，转变心态接
纳错误、从错误中学习，最终明白犯错是成长中必不可少的正常过程。
【4 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A lud banging nise suddenly rang ut in the lab I had recently jined as a graduate
student, and I realized I was t blame. When placing tubes int a centrifuge (离心机), I had failed t make sure
they were perfectly balanced. My mistake was clear the secnd I turned it n. I culdn’t switch it ff until the cycle
finished, s I std there, frzen, praying the machine wuldn’t fall ff the desk. (我刚作为研究生加入的实验室
里，突然传来一阵巨大的撞击声，我意识到自己要负有责任。在将试管放入离心机时，我没有确保它们完
全平衡。一旦启动离心机，我的错误立刻就显而易见了。我无法在转子完成一个周期前关掉它，只能站在
那里，一动不动地祈祷机器不会从桌上掉落。)”可知，作者因操作失误导致离心机发出巨响，全程只能僵
在原地担惊受怕，这次经历让人沮丧气馁。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Any misstep, in my view, was a sign that I might nt be cut ut fr this wrk. (在我看
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来，任何失误都是一个信号，说明我可能根本不适合这份工作。)”以及第三段“The fear grew s strng that
I began t pullback and stp trying s hard. I didn’t want t give thers evidence f my incmpetence. (这种恐惧
变得越来越强烈，我开始退缩，不再那么努力尝试。我不想给别人留下我能力不足的证据。)”可知，在做
梦之前，作者将自己的失误看作是自己不适合实验室工作的证明。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“That dream shwed me smething I hadn’t been able t grasp in waking life: I needed
t treat myself with the same understanding I wuld ffer a dear friend. If a friend had made a mistake, I wuld
have tld them t take it lightly, and even t welcme it as a necessary part f learning. That realizatin led me t
change my reactin after smething went wrng. I als started t lg my mistakes s I culd learn frm them. (那
个梦向我展示了一些我在清醒生活中无法理解的东西：我需要像理解一个亲爱的朋友一样理解自己。如果
一个朋友犯了错误，我会告诉他们不要太在意，甚至把它作为学习的必要组成部分。这种认识让我在出了
问题后改变了反应。我也开始记录我的错误，以便从中吸取教训。)”和第五段“The reality is, we are all ging
t mess up. I nw realize that’s OK, even necessary. (现实是，我们都会搞砸。我现在意识到这是没关系的，甚
至是必要的。)”可知，这个梦让作者开始接纳错误，将错误看作成长中必不可少的内容。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段“That dream shwed me smething I hadn’t been able t grasp in
waking life: I needed t treat myself with the same understanding I wuld ffer a dear friend. If a friend had made a
mistake, I wuld have tld them t take it lightly, and even t welcme it as a necessary part f learning. That
realizatin led me t change my reactin after smething went wrng. I als started t lg my mistakes s I culd
learn frm them. (那个梦向我展示了一些我在清醒生活中无法理解的东西：我需要像理解一个亲爱的朋友一
样理解自己。如果一个朋友犯了错误，我会告诉他们不要太在意，甚至把它作为学习的必要组成部分。这
种认识让我在出了问题后改变了反应。我也开始记录我的错误，以便从中吸取教训。)”可知，作者从一开
始无法接受错误、因恐惧犯错退缩，到通过梦境领悟道理转变心态，最终接纳错误并从中学习，改变了自
己研究生阶段的发展状态，由此可推测出，心态的转变会改变前进的道路。
C
A chicken eggshell has a tricky jb: It must prtect a develping chick, but then ultimately let the chick break
free. The secret t its success lies in its cmplex nanstructure — and hw that structure changes as the egg
hatches.
Chicken eggshells are abut 95 percent calcium carbnate by mass. But they als cntain hundreds f different
kinds f prteins that influence hw that calcium carbnate crystalizes (结晶).The interactin between the mineral
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crystals and the prteins yields an eggshell that’s initially crack-resistant, while making nanscale adjustments ver
time that ultimately let a chick peck its way ut, researchers reprt nline March 30 in Science Advances.
Researchers analyzed the shells with electrn micrscpy and ther high-reslutin imaging techniques. They
fund that prteins disrupt the crystallizatin f calcium carbnate, s that disrdered crystals make materials mre
resilient.
Lab tests back up that finding: The researchers added a key shell-building prtein called stepntin t
calcium carbnate t yield crystals like thse seen in the eggshells. The presence f that prtein makes calcium
carbnate crystals frm in a nanstructured pattern, rather than smth and even crystal, study cauthr Marc
McKee, a bimineralizatin researcher at McGillUniversity in Mntreal, and clleagues fund.
The team als fund structural variatin n a minute scale thrughut the eggshell, thugh it’s nly abut a
third f a millimeter thick. Inner layers have less stepntin, leading t bigger nanstructures. That may make the
inner shell less resilient than the uter shell, which makes sense, McKee says. The uter shell needs t be hard
enugh t prtect the chick, while the inner shell nurishes the develping chick.
Over time, the inner layers f the shell disslve (溶解) thrugh a chemical reactin, releasing calcium t build
a chick’s develping bnes. The reactin als attenuates the shell verall, making it easier fr a chick t break
thrugh frm the inside when it’s time t hatch.
Advances in imaging technlgy are helping scientists find new details like this even in bjects as familiar as
a chicken eggshell, says Lara Estrff, a materials scientist at CrnellUniversity wh wasn’t part f the research. In
cnnecting the eggshell’s functinality with its structure, the new study culd prvide inspiratin fr designing new
kinds f materials with specific prperties.
8. Hw did the researchers cnfirm their finding further?
A. Lab simulatin experiments. B. Emplyment f imaging techniques.
C. Observatin f hatched chicks. D. Test f the grwth rules f chick bnes.
9. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Shells with mre prteins have weaker crack resistance.
B. Shells with less stepntin have strnger crack resistance.
C. Shells with larger nanstructures have weaker crack resistance.
D. Shells with mre neatly arranged crystals have strnger crack resistance.
10. What des the underlined wrd “attenuates” in the 6th paragraph mean?
A. balance. B. thin. C. crack. D. transfrm.
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11. What is Lara Estrff’s statement abut?
A. Chice f new research methds. B. Pssible directin f anther study.
C. Offer f an alternative explanatin. D. Ptential applicatin f the findings.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍鸡蛋壳特殊的纳米结构原理。蛋壳主要成分为碳酸钙，骨桥蛋白等蛋白质打乱晶体排列
形成杂乱纳米结构，让外壳坚固抗裂；蛋壳内层骨桥蛋白更少、纳米结构更大，韧性更弱。孵化过程中内
层溶解使蛋壳整体变薄，方便小鸡破壳。该研究还能为新型特种材料研发提供思路。
【8 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lab tests back up that finding: The researchers added a key shell-building prtein
called stepntin t calcium carbnate t yield crystals like thse seen in the eggshells.(实验室实验佐证了这一
发现：研究人员将一种名为骨桥蛋白的关键造壳蛋白加入碳酸钙，得到了和蛋壳内一样的晶体)”可知，依
靠实验室模拟实验验证结论。
【9 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“They fund that prteins disrupt the crystallizatin f calcium carbnate, s that
disrdered crystals make materials mre resilient.(他们发现蛋白质会破坏碳酸钙结晶，杂乱的晶体能让材料韧
性更强)”以及第五段“Inner layers have less stepntin, leading t bigger nanstructures. That may make the
inner shell less resilient than the uter shell(内层骨桥蛋白更少，形成更大的纳米结构，内层蛋壳韧性弱于外层)
”可推知，纳米结构越大，蛋壳韧性、抗裂能力越差。
【10 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第六段“The reactin als attenuates the shell verall, making it easier fr a chick t break
thrugh frm the inside when it’s time t hatch.(该化学反应还会整体 attenuates 蛋壳，让小鸡孵化时更容易从内
部冲破蛋壳)”可推知，化学反应让让小鸡孵化时更容易从内部冲破蛋壳，这说明蛋壳变薄、强度降低，
attenuates 此处意为“变薄、弱化”。
【11 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In cnnecting the eggshell’s functinality with its structure, the new study
culd prvide inspiratin fr designing new kinds f materials with specific prperties.(这项新研究将蛋壳功能与
结构关联，可为研发具备特定性能的新型材料提供灵感)”可知，她点明了本次研究发现未来的应用价值。
D
Frm TikTk t Ggle Images, visual cntent is dminating the digital wrld. This fld f images isn’t just
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changing hw we cnsume infrmatin — it reflects and reinfrces hw we see urselves, including ur gender
steretypes (刻板印象).
In a first-f-its-kind study, Guilbeault lked at hw gender bias is cnveyed in nline images versus text and
hw this influences users. T test hw these assciatins might reinfrce gender steretypes, the researchers
recruited sme vlunteers. They were given 22 ccupatins and were asked t find either descriptins r images f
them nline. They were then asked which gender they assciated mst with the ccupatin.
Biased assciatins were “statistically mre extreme” in the images. It was als fund that their gender bias
intensified when searching fr images. Even three days later, the test results shwed lingering bias. “It’ s nt a flash
in the pan,” Guilbeault says, “It actually resnates (发出回响).”
The study fund that wmen are underrepresented in nline images. Yet this des nt fully explain the gender
bias, since there are ample images f bth wmen and men in all ccupatins. Anther ptential explanatin is the
cmplex algrithms that run search engines. “Cnsistently, we find that the algrithm appears t be privileging
male cntent.” Fr ne, it is easier t avid gender bias in language. Images f ccupatins, hwever, frce the
cmmunicatr t cnvey gender. Fr anther, they are “particularly sticky in ur mind,” Guilbeault added,
describing what’s knwn as the picture-superirity effect. Research als suggests images are mre easily prcessed,
remembered, and emtinally pwerful.
“We’re mving tward a visual cmmunicatin culture,” Guilbeault says. “It’s a way f cmmunicating that is
making us mre vulnerable t steretypes and making them strnger, unless we intervene with sme scial
mvement, different nrms and cultures that weaken that.” As images prve t be “a mre psychlgically ptent
vehicle fr representing steretypes,” Guilbeault warns, “the medium is the message.”
12. What are participants asked t d in the experiments?
A. Recruit vlunteers. B. Draw self-images.
C. Ggle descriptins f jbs. D. Reinfrce the gender steretype.
13. What des Guilbeault’s statement in Paragraph 3 imply?
A. It’s easily-crrected bias. B. It’s deep-rted prejudice.
C. It’s shrt-lived phenmenn. D. It’s quickly-frgtten impressin.
14. Which f the fllwing statements may Guilbeault apprve f?
A. The algrithms may systematically favr male-assciated cntent.
B. The visual medium seldm cnveys gender infrmatin.
C. Peple are withdrawing frm gender steretypes.
第 10页/共 23页
D. The effect brught by pictures is temprary.
15. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Written cmmunicatin will be replaced in the future.
B. Search engines shuld priritize female-related cntent.
C. Images cnvey ccupatinal infrmatin mre accurately.
D. The nature f the visual medium itself strengthens steretypes.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了一项探究在线图片中性别偏见对人们影响的研究，研究发现相比于文字，在线图片会
更强烈地强化人们的性别刻板印象，同时分析了该现象产生的原因，并对视觉传播时代的这一问题提出警
示。
【12 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They were given 22 ccupatins and were asked t find either descriptins r images
f them nline.(研究人员给参与者 22 种职业，要求他们在网上查找对应文字描述或图片)”可知，参与者需
要搜索职业文字介绍。
【13 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Even three days later, the test results shwed lingering bias. ‘It’ s nt a flash in the
pan,’ Guilbeault says, ‘It actually resnates’(即便三天后，测试仍能测出残留偏见。吉尔博说：这不是昙花一
现，它会长久产生影响)”可推知，图片带来的性别偏见根深蒂固，难以消除。
【14 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Cnsistently, we find that the algrithm appears t be privileging male cntent.(我们
反复发现，算法似乎更偏袒男性相关内容)”可知，吉尔博认可算法偏向男性内容这一观点。
【15 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’ s a way f cmmunicating that is making us mre vulnerable t steretypes and
making them strnger, unless we intervene with sme scial mvement, different nrms and cultures that weaken
that.” As images prve t be “a mre psychlgically ptent vehicle fr representing steretypes,” Guilbeault
warns, “the medium is the message.”(“这是一种会让我们更容易受刻板印象影响、还会加深刻板印象的传播
方式，除非我们通过社会运动、全新的行为规范与文化理念进行干预，以此削弱这类偏见。”吉尔博提醒道，
事实证明图像是 “在心理层面传递刻板印象更有力的载体”，“媒介本身就承载着它所要传递的信息。”)”
可推知，视觉媒介本身的属性会加深刻板印象。
第 11页/共 23页
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Friends Dn’t Always Text Back?
Texting back can smetimes be a tugh task, even when it cmes t cnversatins we genuinely desire.
____16____ Accrding t the Wrld Ecnmic Frum, 31% f peple experience daily stress related t texting.
Nearly 1 in 5 struggle t keep up with replies. Why is it s hard t text back?
We are emtinally verladed
Fr thse wrking in specific prfessins such as teaching, scial wrk, r medical care, the emtinal labr
already requires significant psychlgical energy. ____17____ It is the mental exhaustin that accumulates after
making decisins all day. S, we may delay respnding nt ut f neglect but simply because we have nthing left
t give.
Texting feels like ptinal
Unlike telephne chats, texting desn’t require any immediate back-and-frth respnse. S, there’s ften a
scially accepted delay between receiving a message and replying t it. ____18____ That is, we remember
unfinished tasks mre acutely than cmpleted nes. We might read a message, mentally respnd, and intend t
write back. Yet nce the mment f emtinal urgency passes, the message slips int the back f ur mind.
Individual factrs
Even when smene wants t reply, the multiple steps can feel verwhelming, like remembering the cntext,
deciding the tne, and sketching a respnse. ____19____ But rather, it’s just a difference in hw individual brains
prcess tasks.
What yu can d
If yu’re n the receiving end f a slw-respnding friend, cnsider what else might be ging n under the
surface. If yu’ re the ne wh has difficulty texting back, a mre practive interactin with friends in persn might
help. Just remember: ____20____.
A. This intentin-actin gap desn’t mean indifference.
B. Frtunately, psychlgical evidence can ease that guilt.
C. What wrsens it mre is Decisin Fatigue.
D. A text delayed desn’t have t mean a relatinship lst.
E. Actually, nt respnding t texts is relatively cmmnplace.
F. This can cause unexpected cstly utcmes.
第 12页/共 23页
G. But this activates anther psychlgical phenmenn.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文分析了朋友不及时回复短信的多方面原因，并给出了合理应对建议，帮助人们正确看待延迟
回消息的社交场景。
【16 题详解】
根据下文“Accrding t the Wrld Ecnmic Frum, 31% f peple experience daily stress related t texting.
Nearly 1 in 5 struggle t keep up with replies.(根据世界经济论坛的数据，31%的人每天承受着和发短信相关的
压力，近五分之一的人难以做到及时回复。)”可知，空后引入回短信很难的相关数据和核心问题，说明此
处需要先点明不及时回短信是普遍现象，对应选项 E“事实上，不回短信是相当常见的事”。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Fr thse wrking in specific prfessins such as teaching, scial wrk, r medical care, the emtinal
labr already requires significant psychlgical energy.(对于从事教师、社会工作、医疗护理这类特定职业的人
来说，情绪劳动本身就已经消耗了大量心理能量)”和下文“It is the mental exhaustin that accumulates after
making decisins all day. S, we may delay respnding nt ut f neglect but simply because we have nthing left
t give.(这是一整天做决定后积累的精神疲惫。因此，我们延迟回复往往不是因为疏忽，只是因为我们已经
没有多余的精力可以付出了。)”可知，前文提出情绪劳动消耗心理能量，此处引出了加重情绪消耗、导致
无法回消息的新因素，对应选项 C“更让情况恶化的是决策疲劳”，衔接下文。
【18 题详解】
根据下文“That is, we remember unfinished tasks mre acutely than cmpleted nes. We might read a message,
mentally respnd, and intend t write back. Yet nce the mment f emtinal urgency passes, the message slips
int the back f ur mind.(也就是说，比起已经完成的任务，我们会更清晰地记住未完成的任务。我们可能会
读了消息，在脑子里过了一遍回复内容，打算之后再写出来。可一旦情绪上的紧急感过去，这条消息就被
我们抛到脑后了)”可知，空后解释的意图和行动脱节的心理现象，此处需要先引出这一现象，对应选项 G
“但这会触发另一种心理现象”。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“Even when smene wants t reply, the multiple steps can feel verwhelming, like remembering the
cntext, deciding the tne, and sketching a respnse.(哪怕一个人本来想要回复，准备回复的多个步骤——比如
回忆对话上下文、确定回复语气、构思回复内容——也会让人觉得吃不消)”和下文“But rather, it’s just a
difference in hw individual brains prcess tasks.(而是这只是不同大脑处理任务的方式存在差异而已)”可知，
第 13页/共 23页
下文转折，提出这只是大脑处理任务的方式，空处应提出“不回复就是冷漠”的误解，对应选项 A“这种
意图和行动的脱节不代表漠不关心”引出下文的解释，选项中 This intentin-actin gap 承接上文。
【20 题详解】
根据上文“If yu’re n the receiving end f a slw-respnding friend, cnsider what else might be ging n under
the surface. If yu’ re the ne wh has difficulty texting back, a mre practive interactin with friends in persn
might help.(如果你是那个等待回复较慢的朋友的人，要多想想对方背后可能有难言之隐；如果你是那个难以
回消息的人，那么亲自与朋友进行更积极的互动可能会有所帮助)”可知，此处总结全文，给出宽慰性结论，
说明延迟回复不代表友谊受损，对应选项 D“短信回复延迟，不意味着友谊就要结束”。
第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As the saying ges, what’s dne t children shapes their future cnduct tward sciety. I nce dubted
whether it was prper fr my little sn — Tyler, a disabled by with damaged ____21____ and even unable t
speak, t take PE class in a wheelchair.
Tyler and his sister Elizabeth studied at Little Harbur Schl, whse PE teacher Steve was respected fr his
passin and ____22____. One day Elizabeth casually tld me she’d push Tyler’s wheelchair in PE. Shcked, I
thught the arrangement was ____23____ yet kept silent ut f trust in Steve.
Days later, I arrived early t ____24____ my kids and was in the perfect ____25____ where I culd peek (偷
看) thrugh the gym’s dr and see what they were ding. During a relay race, Elizabeth pushed Tyler’s wheelchair
acrss the gym with all her ____26____.
“Way t g, Tyler!” they ____27____.
“Was that fun, Tyler?” anther ne asked.
Right after they finished, Elizabeth and her pals ____28____ Tyler, cheering warmly, hugging him and patting
n his shulders t praise his effrt. At that mment, I didn’t knw if Tyler felt their ____29____. I didn’t knw if
he enjyed the ____30____ n his face when his wheelchair was pushed quickly acrss the gym. And I didn’t
knw if he experienced ____31____ r laughter inside his peace and quiet. What I d knw is this: a tuching
miracle ____32____. Ignring discriminatin (歧视), kids treated the physically and mentally ____33____ Tyler
with full tlerance, learning t cnvey care with sincere lve instead f ____34____. Thugh Tyler culd nt talk,
he sensed the kindness arund him. Standing behind the dr, I was mved t tears by the ____35____ cmpassin
amng children and their teachers.
第 14页/共 23页
21. A. thughts B. skills C. abilities D. senses
22. A. patience B. sympathy C. curage D. wisdm
23. A. imprper B. reasnable C. rdinary D. strange
24. A. lift up B. think up C. take up D. pick up
25. A. time B. spt C. md D. chance
26. A. attentin B. heart C. might D. effrt
27. A. whispered B. sighed C. exclaimed D. cmplained
28. A. surrunded B. avided C. ignred D. left
29. A. vice B. tuch C. smile D. praise
30. A. rain B. sunshine C. wind D. sweat
31. A. sadness B. pain C. truble D. fun
32. A. disappeared B. unflded C. stpped D. failed
33. A. tired B. cnfused C. challenged D. injured
34. A. actins B. gestures C. smiles D. wrds
35. A. pure B. false C. universal D. cld
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C
31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】文章讲述了作者起初怀疑残疾儿子 Tyler 坐轮椅上体育课是否合适，但在暗中观察后，被体育老师
Steve 和同学们对 Tyler 的包容、关爱与真诚所深深感动的故事。
【21 题详解】
考查名词。句意：我曾经怀疑我年幼的儿子 Tyler——一个感官受损甚至无法说话的残疾男孩——坐轮椅上
体育课是否合适。A. thughts 思想；B. skills 技能；C. abilities 能力；D. senses 感官。根据下文“even unable
t speak”可知，Tyler 作为残疾男孩，感官受损甚至无法说话。
【22 题详解】
考查名词。句意：Tyler 和他的姐姐 Elizabeth 在小巷湾学校就读，该校体育老师 Steve 因其热情和耐心而备
受尊敬。A. patience 耐心；B. sympathy 同情；C. curage 勇气；D. wisdm 智慧。根据上文“whse PE teacher
Steve was respected fr his passin”以及下文孩子们对 Tyler 的包容态度可知，Steve 作为老师很有耐心。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我很震惊，认为这种安排不合适，但出于对 Steve 的信任而保持沉默。A. imprper 不合
第 15页/共 23页
适的；B. reasnable 合理的；C. rdinary 普通的；D. strange 奇怪的。根据上文“I nce dubted whether it was
prper”以及“Shcked”可知，作者认为让残疾孩子参加体育课是不合适的，imprper 与 prper 形成对应。
【24 题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：几天后，我提前去接孩子，正好处于一个可以透过体育馆门偷看他们做什么的位置。
A. lift up 举起；B. think up 想出；C. take up 占据；D. pick up 接（人）。根据上文“I arrived early t”以及下
文“my kids”可知，作者提前去学校接孩子。
【25 题详解】
考查名词。句意：几天后，我提前去接孩子，正好处于一个可以透过体育馆门偷看他们做什么的位置。A.
time 时间；B. spt 地点，位置；C. md 情绪；D. chance 机会。根据下文“where I culd peek (偷看) thrugh
the gym’s dr”可知，作者找到了一个可以偷看的位置。
【26 题详解】
考查名词。句意：在接力赛中，Elizabeth 用尽全力推着 Tyler 的轮椅穿过体育馆。A. attentin 注意力；B. heart
心；C. might 力量；D. effrt 努力。根据上文“During a relay race, Elizabeth pushed Tyler’s wheelchair acrss
the gym”可知，接力赛中 Elizabeth 用全力推轮椅，with all her might 意为“用尽全力”。
【27 题详解】
考查动词。句意：“干得好，Tyler！”他们喊道。A. whispered 低语；B. sighed 叹息；C. exclaimed 呼喊；D.
cmplained 抱怨。根据上文“Way t g, Tyler!”可知，孩子们在给 Tyler 加油，所以是呼喊道。
【28 题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们一完成比赛，Elizabeth 和她的朋友们就围住了 Tyler，热情地欢呼，拥抱他并拍他的
肩膀来赞扬他的努力。A. surrunded 包围；B. avided 避免；C. ignred 忽视；D. left 离开。根据下文“cheering
warmly, hugging him and patting n his shulders”可知，同学们围在 Tyler 身边庆祝。
【29 题详解】
考查名词。句意：那一刻，我不知道 Tyler 是否感受到了他们的触摸。A. vice 声音；B. tuch 触摸；C. smile
微笑；D. praise 赞扬。根据上文“Tyler, a disabled by with damaged ________ and even unable t speak”以及
“hugging him and patting n his shulders”可知，同学们通过拥抱和拍肩等身体接触表达关爱，作者不知道
感官受损的 Tyler 是否能感受到这些触摸。
【30 题详解】
考查名词。句意：我不知道当他的轮椅被快速推过体育馆时，他是否享受脸上的风。A. rain 雨；B. sunshine
阳光；C. wind 风；D. sweat 汗水。根据下文“n his face when his wheelchair was pushed quickly acrss the gym
”及常识可知，轮椅快速穿过体育馆时，Tyler 脸上感受到的应该是风，这是运动速度带来的直接物理感受。
第 16页/共 23页
【31 题详解】
考查名词。句意：我也不知道在他平静安宁的内心世界里，他是否体验到了乐趣或笑声。A. sadness 悲伤；
B. pain 痛苦；C. truble 麻烦；D. fun 乐趣。根据下文“r laughter inside his peace and quiet”可知，laughter
与 fun 并列，都是积极的情感体验。
【32 题详解】
考查动词。句意：我所知道的是：一个感人的奇迹正在展开。A. disappeared 消失；B. unflded 展开，逐渐
展现；C. stpped 停止；D. failed 失败。根据下文“Ignring discriminatin (歧视), kids treated the physically and
mentally ________ Tyler with full tlerance”可知，作者看到了孩子们包容 Tyler 的感人场景正在发生。
【33 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：无视歧视，孩子们对身心有障碍的 Tyler 给予了充分的包容，学会用真诚的爱而非言语
来传达关怀。A. tired 疲惫的；B. cnfused 困惑的；C. challenged 受到挑战的，有……障碍的；D. injured 受
伤的。根据上文“Tyler, a disabled by with damaged ________ and even unable t speak”可知，Tyler 在身体
和精神上都有缺陷，challenged 是委婉表达残疾的用语。
【34 题详解】
考查名词。句意：无视歧视，孩子们对身心有障碍的 Tyler 给予了充分的包容，学会用真诚的爱而非言语来
传达关怀。A. actins 行动；B. gestures 姿态；C. smiles 微笑；D. wrds 言语。根据上文“Tyler, a disabled by
with damaged ________ and even unable t speak”以及“cnvey care with sincere lve instead f”可知，Tyler
无法说话，同学们用行动而非言语表达关爱。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：站在门后，我被孩子们和他们的老师之间纯粹的同情所感动得流泪。A. pure 纯粹的；
B. false 虚假的；C. universal 普遍的；D. cld 冷漠的。根据上文“learning t cnvey care with sincere lve”
以及“I was mved t tears”可知，这种同情是真诚纯粹的，因此让作者感动落泪。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A lightweight wearable exskeletn (外 骨 骼 ) is bringing sci-fi ____36____ (mbile) assistance clser t
everyday life, with applicatins ranging frm utdr sprts t elderly care.
The device is develped by Tianjin Industrial Research Technlgy Develpment C, ____37____ (weigh)
just 2.4 kilgrams and made f 3K carbn fiber. Designed t assist walking, hiking, and climbing, it can detect
bdy mvements and adjust supprt within 30 millisecnds. Its key innvatin lies in ____38____ adaptive mtin
system pwered by a prprietary algrithm trained n ____39____ (extend) data frm Chinese users. The system
第 17页/共 23页
quickly identifies individual walking patterns and autmatically prvides ____40____ (tailr) assistance. This
mdel’s size priritizes cmfrt and practicality. The technlgy is designed ____41____ universal use, targeting
fitness enthusiasts, middle-aged and elderly grups, and ____42____ (that) seeking daily walking supprt.
Recently, field tests have been ____43____ (public) carried ut in parks, nursing hmes, and muntainus
areas. Mre trial activities are planned at Tianjin’s Panshan Scenic Area and ther lcatins. The device
____44____ (shwcase) alngside mre than 200 technlgical achievements at the Wrld Intelligence Exp,
____45____ is expected t attract ver 700 exhibitrs.
【答案】36. mbility
37. weighing
38. an 39. extended
40. tailred
41. fr 42. thse
43. publicly
44. will be shwcased
45. which
【解析】
【导语】文章主要讲述天津研发的轻量化可穿戴外骨骼设备，介绍其重量、材质、自适应运动系统、适用
人群、实地测试以及亮相世界智能博览会的相关情况。
【36 题详解】
考查名词。句意：一款轻量级可穿戴外骨骼正将科幻式的移动辅助带入日常生活，其应用场景涵盖户外运
动到老年护理。这里是名词修饰名词，构成固定短语 mbility assistance 意为“移动辅助”。
【37 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该设备由天津工业研发技术开发公司研制，重量仅为 2.4 公斤，由 3K 碳纤维制成。
本句已有谓语动词 is develped，空格处应用非谓语动词；The device 与 weigh 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应
用现在分词 weighing 作状语。
【38 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：其核心创新在于一种自适应运动系统，该系统由基于中国用户扩展数据训练的专有算法
驱动。system 为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一种自适应运动系统”，adaptive 以元音音素开头，应用不
定冠词 an。
【39 题详解】
第 18页/共 23页
考查形容词。句意：其核心创新在于一种自适应运动系统，该系统由基于中国用户扩展数据训练的专有算
法驱动。名词 data 前需用形容词修饰，extend 的形容词形式为 extended，意为“扩展的，广泛的”。
【40 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该系统能快速识别个体行走模式，并自动提供量身定制的辅助。名词 assistance 前需用
形容词修饰，tailred 是形容词，意为“量身定制的”。
【41 题详解】
考查介词。句意：该技术为通用使用而设计，面向健身爱好者、中老年群体以及那些寻求日常行走支持的
人。be designed fr 为固定搭配，意为“为……而设计”。
【42 题详解】
考查代词。句意：该技术为通用使用而设计，面向健身爱好者、中老年群体以及那些寻求日常行走支持的
人。空格处指代前文提到的“寻求日常行走支持的人”，应用复数指示代词，that 的复数形式是 thse。
【43 题详解】
考查副词。句意：近期，实地测试已在公园、养老院和山区公开进行。空格处修饰动词短语 carried ut，应
用副词形式；public 的副词为 publicly，意为“公开地”。
【44 题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：该设备将在世界智能博览会上与 200 多项科技成果一同展出，该博览会预计
将吸引 700 多家参展商。根据上下文语境及“is expected t attract”可知，博览会是尚未举办的将来事件，
应用一般将来时 will d；The device 与 shwcase 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，因此应用 will be shwcased
。
【45 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该设备将在世界智能博览会上与 200 多项科技成果一同展出，该博览会预计将吸引
700 多家参展商。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the Wrld Intelligence Exp，指
物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 引导。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假设你是学生李华，你校本周末将在市中心公园组织一次以“绿色生活，从我做起”为主题的环保宣传
活动，现面向全校学生征集环保创意。请你发 e-mail 给校园英语平台（Open-Talk）投稿，内容包括：
（1）你的创意（如活动形式、具体内容等）；（2）呼吁大家积极参与。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 100 个左右；
第 19页/共 23页
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
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【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
Learning that a campaign themed “Green Life Start With Me” is scheduled t be launched this weekend, I’m
writing t prpse my creative idea f hsting a “Green Fashin Shw” as part f this initiative.
The shw will take place in the City Center Park where students will design and mdel clthes made entirely
frm recycled r repurpsed materials. Meanwhile, a panel f judges will be invited t evaluate the designs based
n creativity, sustainability, and presentatin, with prizes awarded t the mst innvative entries.
I’m cnvinced that the fashin shw will inspire everyne t take actin fr a greener future. Sincerely appeal
t every student t participate and maketh is event a success.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】要求考生以学生李华的身份，发 e-mail 给校园英语平台（Open-Talk）投稿，为本周末将在市中心
公园组织一次以“绿色生活，从我做起”为主题的环保宣传活动提出创意并呼吁大家积极参与。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
评价：evaluate → assess
完全地：entirely → cmpletely
确信：cnvinced → assured
参与：participate → engage
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Meanwhile, a panel f judges will be invited t evaluate the designs based n creativity, sustainability, and
presentatin, with prizes awarded t the mst innvative entries.
拓展句：Meanwhile, a panel f judges will be invited t evaluate the designs, which will be assessed based n
creativity, sustainability, and presentatin, with prizes awarded t the mst innvative entries.
第 20页/共 23页
【点睛】【高分句型 1】Learning that a campaign themed “Green Life Start With Me” is scheduled t be launched
this weekend, I’m writing t prpse my creative idea f hsting a “Green Fashin Shw” as part f this initiative.
(运用了现在分词作状语，that 引导宾语从句，动名词短语作宾语)
【高分句型2】The shw will take place in the City Center Park where students will design and mdel clthes made
entirely frm recycled r repurpsed materials. (运用了 where 引导限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It all started in the mst unexpected way. I had just mved t a new city fr cllege, leaving behind everything
familiar. The excitement f new beginnings was mixed with a deep sense f uncertainty. The campus was bustling
with energy, but I felt like an utsider, trying t find my place in this new wrld.
On my first day, I met Sarah. She was my rmmate, and we were bth nervus abut the jurney ahead.
Despite ur initial awkwardness, we quickly discvered that we had a lt in cmmn. Our shared interests in bks,
music, and late-night discussins became the slid fundatin f ur friendship.
Sarah had a knack fr seeing the best in peple. Her unwavering supprt and encuragement pushed me t
step ut f my cmfrt zne. She urged me t jin clubs, attend wrkshps, and take up leadership rles. Her belief
in me was cntagius, and sn I started t believe in myself, t.
The real turning pint came with the annual cllege fest, when Sarah cnvinced me t participate in a talent
shw. I had always lved singing, but the fear f perfrming in frnt f a crwd had always held me back. Sarah,
n the ther hand, was a natural perfrmer. “We’ll d a duet (双人合唱),” she smiled, leaving n rm fr my
refusal.
The night f the talent shw arrived. As we std backstage, I culd feel my heart punding wildly against my
ribs. Sensing my terrr, Sarah tightly held my hand and whispered, “We’ve gt this. Just fcus n the music and
frget abut everything else.” Befre I culd respnd, the hst ludly annunced ur names thrugh the
micrphne.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150 左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As we stepped nt the stage, the blinding lights and the raring crwd made my mind g cmpletely blank.
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第 21页/共 23页
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Just as panic was abut t cnsume me, Sarah turned t lk at me and started the first line.
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【答案】 As we stepped nt the stage, the blinding lights and the raring crwd made my mind g cmpletely
blank. All the lyrics I had practiced cuntless times vanished frm my memry. My hands turned cld and my legs
trembled slightly. Staring at the sea f unfamiliar faces, I was verwhelmed by nervusness and instantly wanted t
run ff the stage. I squeezed Sarah’s hand tightly, my breath quickening with every passing secnd, regret flding
my heart fr agreeing t the duet.
Just as panic was abut t cnsume me, Sarah turned t lk at me and started the first line. Her vice was
sft yet steady, warm and sthing amid the nisy crwd. Her bright, encuraging eyes calmed my racing heart
instantly. Taking a deep breath, I relaxed my stiff bdy and jined in the sng. Our vices blended perfectly,
flwing gently thrugh the hall. The crwd fell silent, listening attentively. When we finished, thunderus applause
burst ut. Thanks t Sarah, I cnquered my fear and truly fund curage and warmth in my new life.
【解析】
【导语】文章以作者与室友莎拉的友谊为线索，主要讲述了作者初入大学倍感陌生自卑，在室友莎拉的鼓
励与陪伴下，克服舞台恐惧、突破自我，在新环境中收获勇气与温暖的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者在舞台上紧张与心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写萨拉的歌声安抚并鼓励了作者，她们顺利完成了歌曲并获得观众
的赞美。
2. 续写线索：感到紧张和后悔——萨拉通过歌声安抚并鼓励作者——顺利完成歌曲——获得观众赞美
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①颤抖：tremble/shiver
第 22页/共 23页
②克服：cnquer/vercme
情绪类
①害怕：fear/dread
②紧张：nervusness/tensin
【点睛】【高分句型 1】Staring at the sea f unfamiliar faces, I was verwhelmed by nervusness and instantly
wanted t run ff the stage. (运用了现在分词短语作状语)
【高分句型 2】When we finished, thunderus applause burst ut. (运用了 when 引导时间状语从句)