2026译林新版九年上册英语 Unit 4 Life is beautiful 讲义

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Unit 4 Life is beautiful单词解析1. Cactus (名词) 仙人掌【用法讲解】cactus为可数名词，其复数形式为cacti或cactuses。Eg: The cactus can survive in dry conditions.仙人掌能在干旱环境中存活。Eg: Cacti store water in their thick stems.仙人掌将水分储存在粗壮的茎中。【常见搭配】 cactus plant 仙人掌植物 desert cactus 沙漠仙人掌【即学即用】The _________ (仙人掌) can store water for a long time.答案：cactus2. Lotus (名词) 莲属植物；莲花图案【用法讲解】 lotus为可数名词，其复数形式为lotuses，还可译为荷花。Eg: The lotus is a symbol of purity in many cultures.莲花在许多文化中是纯洁的象征。Eg: Lotuses grow in ponds and lakes.莲花生长在池塘和湖泊中。【常见搭配】 lotus flower 莲花 Lotus leaf 莲叶 Lotus root 莲藕lotus pond 荷塘Eg: The lotus flower rises from the mud, untouched by impurity. 莲花出淤泥而不染。 The lotus leaves are large and round, perfect for shading the water. 莲叶又大又圆，非常适合为水面遮阳。Lotus root is a popular ingredient in Asian cuisine.莲藕是亚洲菜系中常见的食材。We visited a serene lotus pond in the temple garden.我们去了寺庙花园里一个宁静的莲花池。【即学即用】The _________ (莲花) blooms in summer.答案：lotus3. Self (名词) 自我；本来面目【用法讲解】self为可数名词，其复数形式为selves；self还常用于复合词中，如myself, yourself等。Eg: He found his true self through meditation.他通过冥想找到了真正的自我。Eg: We should be our best selves every day.我们每天都应该做最好的自己。【常见搭配】 one's true self 真正的自我 be one's best self 做最好的自己Eg: Finding one’s true self is a lifelong journey. 找到真实的自我是一生的旅程。She always tries to be her best self, both at work and in personal life.她总是努力在工作中和个人生活中成为最好的自己。【派生词】 selfless为形容词，译为“无私的”；selfish为形容词，译为“自私的”。Eg: Her selfless act of donating all her savings to charity inspired many. 她将自己所有的积蓄捐给慈善机构，这一无私行为激励了很多人。He was criticized for his selfish behaviour during the crisis.他在危机期间的自私行为受到了批评。【即学即用】She is always trying to improve h_________ (她自己).答案：herself4. Peanut (名词) 花生【用法讲解】peanut为可数名词，其复数形式为peanuts。Eg: Peanuts are good for making oil.花生可以榨油。Eg: My sister loves eating roasted peanuts.我姐姐喜欢吃烤花生。【常见搭配】 peanut oil 花生油 Working for peanuts 赚很少的钱 Eg: This dish is cooked with peanut oil for extra flavor. 这道菜用花生油烹饪以增加风味。 He’s highly skilled but is working for peanuts at that company. 他技术高超，但在那家公司赚得很少。【即学即用】Peanuts are cheap and almost everyone can afford to buy _________ (花生).答案：peanuts5. Unused (形容词) 未用过的【用法讲解】unused为形容词，由前缀un-加used构成，表示否定意义，还可译为“闲置的、未消耗的、剩余的”。Eg: There was a small piece of unused land behind our house.我们家后面有一小块闲置的土地。Eg: We can reuse those unused boxes to plant flowers.我们可以利用那些闲置的箱子种花。【常见搭配】 unused space 未使用的空间 Leave sth. unused 让某物闲置Eg: The apartment has some unused space that could be turned into a study. 公寓里有一些未使用的空间，可以改造成书房。 The old factory was left unused for years. 这座旧工厂多年来一直闲置。【派生词】 use为动词/名词，译为“使用”；useful为形容词，译为“有用的”；useless为形容词，译为“无用的”；reuse为动词，译为“重新使用”。 Eg: The use of plastic is harmful to the environment. 塑料的使用对环境有害。 This app is very useful for learning languages.这个应用对学习语言非常有用。This broken phone is completely useless.这部坏掉的手机完全没用了。We should try to reuse old jars instead of throwing them away.我们应该尝试重新使用旧罐子，而不是把它们扔掉。【即学即用】Don't leave any _________ (use) resources to waste.答案：unused6. Pity (名词) 遗憾【用法讲解】 pity常为不可数名词，但在表示“遗憾的事”时为可数名词；pity还可为动词，译为“同情、怜悯”。 Eg: She looked at the stray dog with pity.她同情地看着那只流浪狗。It’s a pity that you can’t come to the party.真遗憾你不能来参加派对。I pity those who have to work in such conditions.我同情那些不得不在这种环境下工作的人。【常见搭配】 feel pity for sb. 同请某人 It’s a pity (that)... 遗憾的是... What a pity! 真遗憾啊！ Eg: Everyone felt pity for the victims of the earthquake.每个人都同情地震的受害者。It’s a pity that the weather ruined our picnic.遗憾的是，天气毁了我们的野餐。【派生词】 pitiful为形容词，译为“可怜的、可鄙的”。 Eg: The abandoned puppy looked so pitiful that we decided to adopt it. 这只被遗弃的小狗看起来太可怜的，我们决定收养它。【即学即用】真遗憾你不能和我们一起。 _______ ______ _______ that you can’t join us. 答案：It’s a pity7. Dig (动词) 挖，掘，凿【用法讲解】dig作动词，过去式为dug，过去分词为dug，还可译为“探究、理解”；dig还可为名词，译为“挖掘”。Eg: Farmers dig the soil to plant seeds in spring.农民春天翻土播种。The dog dug a hole in the garden.狗在花园里挖了一个洞。Do you dig what I’m saying?你明白我在说什么吗？The team made a deep dig to find fossils.团队进行了深度挖掘以寻找化石。【常见搭配】 dig up 掘地；挖掘出 dig out 挖掘出；发掘 Dig into 深度研究Eg: We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants.我们开始买种子、翻地、给作物浇水。 Until you dig it out, you can't tell whether it bears fruit or not.直到你把它挖出来，你才知道它有没有结果。 She dug into the research data. 她深入研究了数据。【派生词】 digger为名词，译为“挖掘者、挖掘机”。 Eg: The archaeologist was a skilled digger, uncovering ancient artifacts with precision. 那位考古学家是个熟练的挖掘者，精准地发掘出古代文物。【即学即用】Farmers usually d_________ holes to plant seeds in spring. 科学家发掘古老植物来研究历史。 Scientists ______ ______ old plants to research history.答案：1. dig 2. dug out8. A couple of (短语) 几个；一对【用法讲解】a couple of为固定短语，修饰可数名词复数，表示两个或几个。Eg: In a couple of months, we had a harvest!几个月后，我们收获了！【知识拓展】 couple作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数形式取决于强调整体性还是个体性。 Eg: An old couple from Shanghai is moving in our apartment. 一对来自上海的老夫妇搬进了我们的公寓。The young couple are quarreling with each other. 这对年轻夫妇在吵架。【即学即用】I'll be back in _________ _________ _______ (几天).答案：a couple of days9. Celebration (名词) 庆祝；庆典【用法讲解】celebration为可数名词，其复数形式为celebrations。Eg: Mother told us to go to the garden for the celebration.妈妈叫我们去花园庆祝。We hold a small celebration when we graduate.毕业时我们会举办一场小型庆祝活动。【常见搭配】 hold a celebration 举办庆祝活动 in celebration of 为庆祝…… Eg: The school held a celebration for its 100th anniversary. 学校为建校100周年举行了庆祝活动。 The concert was held in celebration of the city’s founding. 这场音乐会是为庆祝城市成立而举办的。【派生词】 celebrate为动词，译为“庆祝”；celebratory为形容词，译为“庆祝的”。 Eg: We will celebrate our anniversary with a romantic dinner. 我们将用一顿浪漫的晚餐来庆祝我们的纪念日。 The team wore celebratory T - shirts after winning the championship. 赢得冠军后，队员们穿上了庆祝T恤。【即学即用】We will hold a ___________ (celebrate) party for our teacher's birthday.答案：celebration10. Oil (名词) 食用油；石油【用法讲解】 oil为不可数名词，还可译为“油画颜料”。Eg: Peanuts are good for making oil.花生可以榨油。Unlike plant oil, crude oil is a valuable natural resource.和植物油不同，石油是一种珍贵的自然资源。【常见搭配】 cooking oil 食用油 crude oil 原油；石油 oil painting 油画 Eg: Canola oil is a healthy cooking oil. 菜籽油是一种健康的食用油。 The price of crude oil affects global economies. 原油价格影响全球经济。 She displayed her oil paintings at the gallery. 她在画廊展出了她的油画作品。 【派生词】 oily为形容词，译为“油腻的”。 Eg: The pizza was too oily, making it hard to eat. 这个披萨太油腻了，很难下咽。【即学即用】We should use less cooking _______ (油) to keep healthy.答案：oil11. Unlike (介词) 不像【用法讲解】unlike为介词，是like的反义词，译为“不像、与……不同”。注意区别：unlike（介词，不像）与dislike（动词，不喜欢）。Eg: Unlike apples and peaches, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth.不像苹果和桃子，花生把果实藏在地里。 Unlike most girls, she likes sports.和大多数女孩不同，她喜欢运动。【常见搭配】 unlike before/ previous 与之前不同 unlike others 与其他人/事物不同 Eg: Unlike before, she now enjoys public speaking. 与之前不同，她现在喜欢公开演讲。 Unlike others, this method is cost-effective. 与其他方法不同，这种方法是经济实惠的。【派生词】 unlikely为形容词，译为“不太可能的”。 Eg: It’s unlikely to rain today according to the weather forecast. 根据天气预报，今天不太可能下雨。【即学即用】________ (不像) most plants, cacti can survive without much water.答案：Unlike12. Stem (名词) 茎，梗，柄【用法讲解】stem为可数名词，其复数形式为stems；stem还可为动词，译为“起源于、阻止”。Eg: You can't tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not.光看它细细的茎，你不知道它有没有结果。Cacti store water in their thick stems.仙人掌将水分储存在粗壮的茎中。The conflict stems from a misunderstanding. 冲突源于一场误会。【常见搭配】 plant stem 植物茎 Brain stem 脑干 From stem to stern 从头到尾、彻底 Eg: The plant stem transports water to the leaves. 植物茎将水分输送到叶子。 The brain stem controls basic body functions. 脑干控制基本的身体功能。 The ship was cleaned from stem to stern. 这艘船被彻底清洁了一遍。【派生词】 stemless为形容词，译为“无茎的”。 Eg: The stemless wine glasses looked elegant on the dining table. 那些无梗的葡萄酒杯在餐桌上看起来非常优雅。【即学即用】The _______ (茎) of this plant is very thin.答案：stem13. Bear (动词) 结（果实），开（花）；生（孩子）【用法讲解】bear作动词，过去式为bore，过去分词为borne/born（不规则变化）；bear还可译为“承受、忍受”；bear还可为名词，译为“熊、粗鲁的人”。Eg: The lotus bears beautiful pink flowers every summer.莲花每年夏天开出美丽的粉色花朵。 She has borne three children.她生了三个孩子。The bear was searching for food in the forest. 熊再森林里寻找食物。【常见搭配】 bear the pain 忍受痛苦 bear in mind 牢记 Bear with 耐心等待 Eg: The athlete bore the pain and finished the race. 运动员忍痛完成了比赛。Bear in mind that time is limited. 记住时间有限。 Please bear with me while I fix this issue. 请耐心等我解决这个问题。【派生词】 bearing为名词，译为“举止、关系”； bearable为形容词，译为“可忍受的”。 Eg: His confident bearing impressed everyone at the meeting. 他自信的举止给会议上所有人留下了印象。The pain was just bearable with medication.服药后疼痛勉强可以忍受。【即学即用】The apple tree will _______ (结果) next year.He couldn’t b_______ being ignored.答案：1. bear fruit 2. bear14. Attractive (形容词) 吸引人的【用法讲解】attractive为形容词，在句中常作定语或表语，还可译为“有魅力的”。Eg: It's useful, though not very attractive.花生虽然不怎么好看，但很有用。The small village is very attractive to tourists.这个小村庄对游客很有吸引力。 She has an attractive smile. 她的笑容很有魅力。【常见搭配】 physically attractive 外表吸引人的 attractive price 诱人的价格 Eg: The actor is known for being physically attractive. 这位演员以外表迷人著称。 The store is selling designer clothes at attractive prices. 这家店以有人的价格出售设计师服装。【派生词】 attract为动词，译为“吸引”；attraction为名词，译为“吸引力、景点”；attractively为副词，译为“迷人地”。 Eg: The bright colors attract insects. 鲜艳的颜色会吸引昆虫。 The theme park’s main attraction is the roller coaster. 这个主题公园的主要景点是过山车。 She dressed attractively for the job interviews. 她为面试穿得很得体迷人。【即学即用】The scenery is very ___________ (attract) to visitors.答案：attractive15. Compare (动词) 比较，对比【用法讲解】compare作动词，常与with或to搭配使用。Eg: Don't compare your life with others.不要拿自己的生活和别人对比。Compared with being useful, looking for attention is not that important.与做一个有用的人相比，寻求关注并没有那么重要。【常见搭配】 compare A with B 把A与B进行比较 Compare A to B 把A比作B Compare to/ with ... 与...相比 Eg: Parents shouldn’t compare their children with others. 父母不应该把他们的孩子和其他孩子进行比较。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。 Compared with/ to him, I’m just a beginner. 和他相比，我就是个初学者。【派生词】comparable为形容词，译为“可比较的、类似的”； Comparative 为形容词，译为“比较多、相对的”； Comparison为名词，译为“比较行为或结果”。 Eg: The two products are comparable in quality. 这两个产品质量相当。This study takes a comparative approach. 这项研究采用比较方法。The comparison between the two datasets revealed trends. 对比两组数据后发现了趋势。【即学即用】Don't _________ (比较) your life with others.( )2. We often compare the moon _______ a boat.to B. with C. and D. for( )3. By _______ other students, the teacher thinks Bob is the best student.comparing with B. compared to C. comparing to D. compared with答案：1. compare 2. A 3. A16. Expect sth of sb (短语) 期待某人做某事【用法讲解】expect sth of sb表示对某人有某种期望，expect后还可接不定式或从句。Eg: This is what I expect of you.这就是我对你们的期望。Parents always expect too much of their children.父母总是对孩子期望过高。【知识拓展】 expect为动词，译为“期望、预料”；其名词形式为expectation，译为“期望”。 Eg: I expect to hear from him soon. 我期待很快收到他的消息。【常见搭配】 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 Expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 Beyond one’s expectations 超出某人的预期 Eg: She expects to win the game. 她期望赢得比赛。They expect me to get the chance. 他们期望我得到这次机会。The movie was so good, it was beyond my expectations. 这部电影太棒了，超出了我的预期。【派生词】 expectation为名词，译为“期望”；unexpected为形容词，译为“出乎意料的”。 Eg: His performance exceeded all expectations. 他的表现超出了所有预期。The unexpected news shocked everyone. 这个意外消息震惊了所有人。【即学即用】Parents often expected their children __________ (behave) well.不要总是期望自己完美。 Don’t _________ perfection _______ yourself all the time. 答案：1. to behave 2. expect; of17. Hidden (形容词) 隐藏的，隐匿的【用法讲解】 hidden在句中常作定语或表语，也可看作动词hide的过去分词。 Eg: The document contained hidden messages in the formatting. 文件中格式里藏有隐秘信息。The truth remained hidden for years. 真相被隐藏了多年。The artist’s signature is hidden in the corner of the painting. 艺术家的签名藏在画作的角落。【常见搭配】 hidden camera 隐藏摄像头 Hidden from view 看不见的 Eg: The journalist used a hidden camera to expose the scandal. 记者用隐藏摄像头揭露了丑闻。The valley was hidden from view by thick fog. 山谷被浓雾遮蔽，看不见了。【派生词】 hide为动词，译为“隐藏、躲藏”。 Eg: He tried to hide his emotions during the meeting. 他试图在会议中隐藏自己的情绪。【即学即用】Legends say there is ________ (hide) treasure on this island. 答案：hidden18. Society (名词) 社会【用法讲解】 society为可数名词，其复数形式为societies，还可译为“社交界、交往、社交”等。 Eg: The internet has transformed the way we interact in society. 互联网改变了我们在社会中的互动方式。Her family was well - known in New York society. 她的家族在纽约上流社会很有名。【常见搭配】 society as a whole 整个社会 High society 上流社会 Society event 社交活动 Eg: This issue affects society as a whole. 这个问题影响整个社会。Her family is part of high society. 她的家庭属于上流社会。They attended a society event last night. 他们昨晚参加了一个社交活动。【派生词】 social为形容词，译为“社会的、社交的”； socialize为动词，译为“社交、使社会化”。 Eg: The company has a strong social responsibility program. 公司有完善的社会责任计划。Her socialized with the locals during his stay in the village. 他在村里住期间与当地人交往密切。【即学即用】Good manners are important in polite ________ (social). 答案：society19. Helpfulness (名词) 乐于助人【用法讲解】helpfulness为不可数名词，表示乐于助人的品质。Eg: Helpfulness is a great quality that makes life beautiful.乐于助人是让生活变得美好的优秀品质。The boss admires helpfulness most in his workers.这位老板最欣赏员工身上乐于助人的品质。【常见搭配】 the spirit of helpfulness 助人为乐精神 Eg: The volunteers demonstrated the true spirit of helpfulness during the disaster relief. 志愿者们在救灾中展现了真正的助人为乐精神。【派生词】 help为动词/名词，译为“帮助”；helpful为形容词，译为“有帮助的”；helpless为形容词，译为“无助的”。 Eg: Please help me with my math. 请帮我学数学。 The teacher gave helpful feedback on my essay.老师对我的文章提供了有用的反馈。The baby bird looked helpless on the ground. 小鸟在地上显得很无助。【即学即用】___________ (help) is a great quality.答案：Helpfulness20. Purpose (名词) 重要意义；目的，意图【用法讲解】 purpose在表示“目的、用途”等意时为可数名词；purpose在表示“意志、决心”时为不可数名词。【常见搭配】 the purpose of ... ...的目的 For ... purposes 为了某种目的 On purpose 故意（地）；有意（地） Eg: The purpose of this meeting is to discuss our future plans. 这次会议的目的是讨论我们的未来计划。This software is designed for educational purposes. 这款软件是为教育目的设计的。He broke the vase on purpose. 他故意打破了花瓶。【即学即用】( )1. I’m sorry to have hurt you, but I didn’t do it ________.on purpose B. in common C. on occasion D. on the purpose她学英语是为了出国旅行。 She learned English for ______ _______ _______ travelling abroad.答案：1. A 2. the purpose of21. Satisfied (形容词) 满意的【用法讲解】satisfied为形容词，常与with搭配，还可译为“确信的、有把握的、得到满足的”。Eg: She is satisfied with her quiet life of studying plants.她对自己研究植物的宁静生活十分满足。 The dentist was satisfied with the good condition of his patients.这位牙医对患者良好的状态感到满意。I’m satisfied that he told the truth.我确信他说了实话。【常见搭配】 be satisfied with 对……感到满意 More than satisfied 非常满意 Eg: She is satisfied with her exam results. 她对考试成绩感到满意。 We were more than satisfied with the hotel’s facilities. 我们对酒店的设施非常满意。【派生词】 satisfy为动词，译为“使满意”；satisfaction为名词，译为“满意”。 Eg: The company aims to satisfy its clients. 公司的目标是让客户满意。 He expressed his satisfaction with the results. 他对结果表示满意。 【即学即用】My mother is _________ (satisfy) with my progress.顾客对服务满意。 The customers ____________ _____________ ____________ the service.答案：1. satisfied 2. are satisfied with22. Boss (名词) 老板，上司【用法讲解】boss为可数名词，其复数形式为bosses；boss还可为动词，译为“指挥、发号施令”。Eg: My boss devotes much time to researching green plant protection.我的上司投入大量时间研究绿植保护。The boss is easy to get along with.这位老板为人和善。He’s always bossing people around.他总是对人呼来喝去。【常见搭配】 company boss 公司老板 Boss sb. around 对某人发号施令 Boss the show 掌握全局 Eg: Our company boss is very strict with us. 我们公司的老板对我们非常严格。 He likes to boss his younger brother around. 他喜欢对他的弟弟发号施令。 She always bosses the show in meetings. 她总是在会议上掌握全局。【派生词】 bossy为形容词，译为“专横的”。 Eg: Don’t be so bossy! 别这么专横！【即学即用】My _______ (老板) devotes much time to plant research.答案：boss23. Dentist (名词) 牙科医生【用法讲解】dentist为可数名词，其复数形式为dentists。Eg: The dentist likes growing lotus in his free time.这位牙医闲暇时喜欢种莲花。 My wife works as a dentist and always shows kindness to patients.我的妻子是一名牙医。【常见搭配】 go to the dentist 看牙医 Eg: I need to go to the dentist for a check - up. 我需要去看牙医做个检查。【派生词】 dental为形容词，译为“牙齿的”；dentistry为名词，译为“牙科学”。 Eg: She works in a dental clinic. 她在牙科诊所工作。 He studied dentistry at university. 他在大学学习牙科学。【即学即用】I need to go to the _________ (牙医) tomorrow.答案：dentist24. Wife (名词) 妻子【用法讲解】wife为可数名词，其复数形式为wives（不规则变化，将f变为v加es）。Eg: His wife collects unused stamps.他的妻子收藏闲置邮票。 Husband and wife together research how to protect wild flowers.夫妻俩一同研究如何保护野生花卉。【常见搭配】 husband and wife 夫妻 Eg: The wife and husband run a small business together. 这对夫妻一起经营一家小企业。【派生词】 wifeless为形容词，译为“无妻的”。 Eg: After the divorce, he lived a wifeless life for several years. 离婚后，他过了几年没有妻子的生活。【即学即用】His _______ (妻子) collects stamps and loves reading.答案：wife25. Passage (名词) 章节；段落；乐段 【用法讲解】passage作名词也可译为“通道、一段时间”。 Eg: The passage is too narrow for two people to walk through side by side. 这条过道太窄，两个人无法肩并肩地走。 There are five passages in the article. 这篇文章有五段。 The passage of time seems to have flown by quickly. 时间似乎过得飞快。【常见搭配】 underground passage 地下通道 Eg: Use the underground passage to cross the busy street.使用地下通道穿过繁忙的街道。【即学即用】Read the __________ (段落) and answer the questions below. 答案：passage26. Stamp (名词) 邮票【用法讲解】stamp为可数名词，其复数形式为stamps；stamp还可为动词，译为“盖章、跺脚”。Eg: My daughter keeps a box full of beautiful unused stamps.我的女儿收藏了满满一盒精美的全新邮票。 We stick a stamp on the envelope before sending the letter.寄信前在信封上贴一枚邮票。The officer stamped my passport.官员在我的护照上盖章。 He stamped his foot in anger. 他生气地跺脚。【常见搭配】 collect stamps 集邮 Postage stamp 邮票 Eg: My sister likes collecting stamps very much. 我姐姐非常喜欢集邮。 This postage stamp features a famous landmark. 这张邮票上印有一个著名地标。【即学即用】My daughter keeps a box of beautiful _________ (邮票).答案：stamps27. Daughter (名词) 女儿【用法讲解】daughter为可数名词，其复数形式为daughters。Eg: Our daughter loves digging in the garden to grow peanuts.我们的女儿喜欢在花园翻土种花生。 The boss's daughter will graduate next year.老板的女儿明年毕业。【常见搭配】 eldest/ youngest daughter 长女/幼女 Daughter - in - law 儿媳 Eg: The eldest daughter often helps with household chores. 长女经常帮忙做家务。 She has a good relationship with her daughter - in - law. 她和儿媳关系很好。【即学即用】Our _________ (女儿) loves digging in the garden.答案：daughter28. Devote (动词) 献身，致力，专心【用法讲解】devote作动词，常与to搭配，后接名词或动名词。Eg: Fan has devoted a large part of her life to researching and protecting the caves.樊锦诗把自己大半生都奉献给了石窟的研究和保护事业。 She devoted her life to helping the poor.她把一生奉献给了帮助穷人。【常见搭配】 devote...to... 把……奉献给…… devote oneself to 献身于；致力于 devote time to ... 把时间投入到...Eg: She devotes all her spare time to research on wild lotus.她把所有空余时间都投入野生莲花的研究。He devoted himself to scientific research.他致力于科学研究。The company devotes time to employee training.公司把时间投入到员工训练。【派生词】 devotion为名词，译为“奉献、忠诚”；devoted为形容词，译为“忠诚的、挚爱的”。 Eg: His devotion to his family is truly admirable. 他对家庭的奉献精神令人钦佩。 She is a devoted teacher who spends extra hours helping her students. 她是一位献身的老师，花额外时间帮助学生。【即学即用】She _________ (奉献) her life to helping the poor. 毕业后，我把自己奉献给保护野生植物。After I graduate, I will _________ myself _______ protecting wild plants.答案：1. devoted 2.devote to29. Research (动词/名词) 研究【用法讲解】 research为可数名词，其复数形式为researches。 Eg: The research shows that regular exercise is good for health. 研究表明，定期锻炼对健康有益。We need to research the history of this ancient building. 我们需要研究这座古建筑的历史。【常见搭配】 carry out research 进行研究 Do research on 做(关于...的)研究 Research into ... 深入调查、研究 Eg: The university is carrying out research into new energy sources. 这所大学正在开展新能源方面的研究。I’m doing research on ancient history. 我正在做古代历史方面的研究。The police are researching into the causes of the accident. 警察正在对事故原因进行深入调查。【派生词】 researcher为名词，译为“研究者”； Eg: The researchers presented their findings at the conference. 研究者在会议上展示了他们的研究成果。【即学即用】The scientists are r___________ a new drug that could cure cancer. 答案：researching30. House (动词) 收藏，安置【用法讲解】 house为动词，还可译为“提供住所、存放、陈列”等；house还可为名词，译为“房屋、家族、议院、机构”。 Eg: The gallery houses rare paintings.美术馆收藏着珍贵画作。We can house five guests overnight.我们可以留宿五位客人。They bought a three-bedroom house.他们买了套三居室。The whole house was woken by the noise.全家人都被噪音吵醒了。The House voted on the bill.议院对该法案进行了投票。【常见搭配】 on the house 免费、由店家请客 Bring the house down 博得满堂彩 Eg: The manager offered dessert on the house. 经理免费赠送了甜点。Her performance brought the house down.她的表演赢得了热烈掌声。【即学即用】The library h_______ over a million books. 答案：houses31. Overtourism (名词) 过度旅游【用法讲解】overtourism为不可数名词，由前缀over-加tourism构成。Eg: Overtourism destroys the living conditions of wild flowers.过度旅游会破坏野生花草的生存环境。 We must control overtourism to protect the beauty of nature.我们必须管控过度旅游，保护自然美景。【常见搭配】 prevent overtourism 防止过度旅游 Eg: The government is taking measures to prevent overtourism. 政府正在采取措施防止过度旅游。【派生词】 tourism为名词，译为“旅游业”； Eg: The city’s economy heavily relies on tourism. 这座城市的经济严重依赖旅游业。【即学即用】We must control ___________ (过度旅游) to protect nature.答案：overtourism32. Digitalize (动词) 使（信息）数字化【用法讲解】digitalize作动词，也可拼写为digitalise（英式拼写）。Eg: Fan came up with the idea of digitalizing the caves.樊锦诗提出了将石窟数字化的想法。 We digitalize all plant research materials for long-time storage.我们将所有植物研究资料数字化。【常见搭配】 digitalize research materials 将研究资料数字化 Eg: They are working to digitalize the research materials. 他们正在努力将研究资料数字化。【派生词】 digital为形容词，译为“数字的”；digitalization为名词，译为“数字化”。 Eg: She prefers digital cameras over film cameras. 她更喜欢数码相机而非胶片相机。The digitalization of archives has made research much easier. 档案的数字化使研究变得更容易。 【即学即用】We need to ___________ (digital) all the old plant passages.答案：digitalize33. Graduate (动词) （大学）毕业【用法讲解】graduate常与from搭配；graduate还可作名词，译为“毕业生”。Eg: She will graduate next summer and do plant research.她明年夏天毕业，然后从事植物研究。 After I graduate, I will devote myself to protecting wild plants.大学毕业后，我将投身野生植物保护事业。A Yale graduate founded this company.一名耶鲁毕业生创立了这家公司。【常见搭配】 graduate from ... 毕业 ... Fresh graduate 应届毕业生 Eg: She graduated from Harvard with honors. 她以优异成绩毕业于哈佛大学。 As a fresh graduate, he’s looking for internship opportunities. 作为应届毕业生，他证字啊寻找实习机会。【派生词】 graduation为名词，译为“毕业”。 Eg: Her parents attended her graduation ceremony. 她的父母参加了她的毕业典礼。【即学即用】After we g_________ from high school, we will go to different universities.Her ____________ (graduate) from Harvard was a proud moment for the whole family.答案：1. graduate 2. graduation34. Serve (动词) 能满足…的需要；服务；提供【用法讲解】serve作动词，还可译为“服役、供应（饭菜）”。Eg: All plant research can serve the needs of environmental protection.所有植物研究都能满足环境保护的需求。 As a dentist, he serves patients patiently every day.身为牙医，他每天耐心为患者提供诊疗服务。 Tea and cookies will be served after the meeting. 会后将提供茶点。【常见搭配】 serve people's daily needs 满足人们日常需求 serve in the army 在军队服役 Eg：Supermarkets serve people’s daily needs for groceries. 超市满足人们的日常食品需求。 He served in the army for five years. 他在军队服役了五年。【派生词】 server为名词，译为“服务员”；servant为名词，译为“仆人”。 Eg: The restaurant hired a new server to handle the lunch rush. 餐厅雇佣了一名新服务员应对午餐高峰期。 In the 19th century, many wealthy families employed live - in servants. 19世纪时，许多富裕家庭雇佣了住家仆人。【即学即用】All plant research can _________ (满足) the needs of environmental protection.该基建项目将更好地服务村民的日常生活需求。 The infrastructure project will better _________ ________ _________ ________.答案：1. serve 2. serve villagers’ daily need35. Condition (名词) 状态，状况【用法讲解】 condition为可数名词时译为“前提、条件、情况”；condition为不可数名词时，译为“状态、状况”。 Eg: The house is in good condition. 这所房子状况良好。Ability is one of the conditions of success in life. 能力是人生中成功的条件之一。The patient’s condition is improving. 病人的状况正在好转。【常见搭配】 be in (good/bad) condition 处于（良好/糟糕）的状态 On condition that ... 如果、在...条件下 Be conditioned by/ on ... 以...为条件 Living/ working conditions 生活/工作条件 Eg: I’m in good condition today, so I want to take some exercise. 我今天健康状况良好，所以我想要锻炼。I said I would tell him a confidential story on condition that he kept it secret. 我说在他保密的条件下，将告诉他一个秘密的故事。Supply is conditioned by production. 供应受生产制约。The workers protested against the poor working conditions. 工人们抗议恶劣的工作条件。【即学即用】我可以把书借给你，条件是你在星期五之前还回来。 I will lend you the book, ______ _______ _______ you return it by Friday. 答案：on condition that36. Contribute (动词) 贡献，增进，促成【用法讲解】contribute作动词，常与to搭配，后接名词或动名词，还可译为“捐献、投稿”。Eg: Everyone should contribute to society.每个人都应该为社会做贡献。 Technology has contributed to modern medicine.技术对现代医学起到了推动作用。She regularly contributes articles to the magazine.她定期向该杂志投稿。【常见搭配】 contribute to sth 对……做贡献 contribute to doing sth 促成做某事 Eg: She contributes to charity every month. 她每月向慈善机构捐款。 Regular exercise contributes to maintaining good health. 规律运动有助于保持健康。【派生词】 contribution为名词，译为“贡献”；contributor为名词，译为“贡献者”。 Eg: Her significant contribution to the project was recognized by the team. 她对项目的重大贡献得到了团队的认可。 He is a regular contributor to this scientific journal. 他是这本科学期刊的贡献者。【即学即用】Everyone should _________ (贡献) to society. His research contributed to ___________ (solve) the environmental crisis.答案：1. contribute 2. solving37. Judge (动词) 判断，认为；审判【用法讲解】judge作动词，还可译为“评判、裁判”；judge还可作名词，译为“法官、裁判”。Eg: We can judge how meaningful our lives are by how many people we help.我们可以通过帮助多少人来衡量人生有多有意义。It’s hard to judge the quality without seeing it.未见实物难以判断质量。The judge sentenced him to probation. 法官判处他缓刑。【常见搭配】 judge by appearance 以貌取人 judge sb./ sth. to be 判断状况 Eg: Don't judge a person by his appearance.不要以貌取人。 The court judged him to be innocent. 法庭判定他无罪。【派生词】 judgment为名词，译为“判断、审判”；judgmental为形容词，译为“动辄评判他人的”。 Eg: Her sound judgement helped the team avoid a major crisis. 她准确的判断帮助团队避免了一场重大危机。 Try not to be too judgemental about people’s choices. 尽量不要对别人的选择过于武断。【即学即用】Don't _________ (判断) a person by his appearance.她讨厌别人以貌取人。 She hates being ________ _______ _________.答案：1. judge 2. judged by appearance38. Amazed (形容词) 大为惊奇【用法详解】amazed亦为形容词，译为“感到惊讶的”，常常用来修饰人；【常见搭配】 be amazed at/by sth. 对某事感到惊讶 Be amazed to do sth. 因做某事而感到惊讶 Eg: I was amazed by the size of the ocean. 我被大海的浩瀚所惊奇。I was amazed to find such a rare book here. 在这里发现这么一本罕见的书，我很惊讶。【派生词】 amazing为形容词，译为“惊人的、了不起的”，常常用来修饰物；amazement为名词，译为“惊讶、惊异”。 Eg: It was amazing to see the Great Wall of China for the first time. 第一次看到长城真的让人惊叹。 【常见搭配】 to one’s amazement 让某人惊讶的是 In amazement 惊讶地 Eg: To my amazement, I came first. 令我感到惊讶的是，我第一个到了。He looked at me in amazement. 他惊讶地看着我。【即学即用】( )1. He is _______ this news.amaze to hear B. amazed to hear C. amazing to hear D. amazed to hearing 答案：B39. Make up one's mind (短语) 下定决心【用法讲解】make up one's mind相当于decide to do sth，但语气更强。Eg: I have made up my mind to live my life just like my father.我已经下定决心要像我父亲一样生活。 She made up her mind to study abroad.她下定决心要出国留学。【即学即用】I have _________ _________ _________ _________ (下定决心) to live like my father.答案：made up my mind课文解析 To give life meaning, one must have a purpose larger than oneself. 为了赋予生命意义，人必须拥有一个比自己更大的目标。【用法讲解】 purpose在表示“目的、用途”等意时为可数名词；purpose在表示“意志、决心”时为不可数名词。【常见搭配】 the purpose of ... ...的目的 For ... purposes 为了某种目的 On purpose 故意（地）；有意（地） Eg: The purpose of this meeting is to discuss our future plans. 这次会议的目的是讨论我们的未来计划。This software is designed for educational purposes. 这款软件是为教育目的设计的。He broke the vase on purpose. 他故意打破了花瓶。【即学即用】我们的成功取决于努力和决心。 Our success _________ ______ hard work and determination.( )2. I’m sorry to have hurt you, but I didn’t do it ________.on purpose B. in common C. on occasion D. on the purpose3. 她学英语是为了出国旅行。 She learned English for ______ _______ _______ travelling abroad.答案：1. A 2. the purpose ofIt’s so strong that even a typhoon cannot break it. 它特别坚韧，连台风都吹不断它。【用法讲解】知识点一：一：结构“so + 形容词 + that从句”译为“如此...以至于...”；类似结构为“such (+a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + that从句”。 Eg: He is so cute that everyone likes him. = He is such a cute boy that everyone likes him. 他如此可爱以至于每个人都喜欢他。注意：当名词有many, much, few, little等修饰时，只能用“so... that”结构。 Eg: There was so much food that we couldn’t eat it all. 有如此多的食物以至于我们吃不完。知识点二：一：break为名词，译为“休息”，相当于rest；break还可为动词，译为“破碎、违反、打断”，其过去式为broke，过去分词为broken。 Eg: I thought a 15 min break from his work would do him good. 我想他停下工作休息15分钟对他会有好处。The dish fell to the floor and broken. 碟子掉到地上摔碎了。She broke her promise to me. 她违背了对我的诺言。We usually break for lunch at 12:30. 我们通常12点半休息吃午饭。【常见搭配】 have a break 休息break down 出故障、分解 Break in 强行进入、打断 Break out 爆发 Break up 结束关系、解散 Eg: I must have a break. 我必须休息一下。The machine has broken down. 机器出故障了。 Someone is trying to break in. 有人试图强行进入。 A fire broke out in the building. 大楼里发生了火宅。 They decided to break up. 他们决定分手。【派生词】 broken为形容词，译为“破碎的、损坏的”。 Eg: There is a lot of broken glass on the floor. 地板上有很多碎玻璃。【即学即用】( )1. He speaks ______ fast ______ I can’t follow him.so; that B. such; that C. so; as to D. enough; that2. 学校里孩子们有课间休息。 The children ______ ______ _______ between classes at school.My bike is _________ (break). I need to repair it. 答案： 1. A 2. have a break 3. brokenWe can carry on like bamboo till the hard time passes. 我们可以像竹子一样坚韧不拔，直到艰难时刻过去。【用法讲解】 carry为动词，译为“携带、拿、搬、带有、承担、支撑、传播”等。 Eg: He carried a heavy box upstairs. 他扛着一个重箱子上了楼。She carried a sense of pride in her achievements. 她对自己的成就怀有一种自豪感。Who will carry the cost of the repairs? 谁来承担修理费用？This bridge can carry the weight of heavy trucks. 这座桥能承受重型卡车的重量。The wind carried the sound far away. 风把声音传得很远。【常见搭配】 carry on 继续、进行、开展 Carry out 执行、实施 Eg: Carry on with your work while I’m away. 我不在的时候继续工作。The scientists carried out a series of experiments. 科学家们进行了一系列实验。【易混辨析】 Carry, bring, take, carry 区别： Carry (动词) “带”，指随身携带Bring (动词) “带来”，从别处带到说话人处 Take (动词) “带去”从说话人处带到别处 get (动词)“去拿”离开去取在回来，强调动作的往返。【即学即用】( )1. He _______ on a small business.carries B. brings C. takes C. gets尽管有噪音，她还是继续说话。 She ________ _______ talking despite the noise.答案：1. A 2. carried onI think pine trees encourage us to have a strong spirit. 我觉得松柏鼓励我们有坚强的意志。【用法讲解】 encourage为动词，译为“鼓励”。 Eg: I have always encouraged him. 我一直鼓励他。【常见搭配】 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 Eg: My parents always encourage me to follow my dreams. 我的父母总是鼓励我追随自己的梦想。【派生词】 其名词形式为encouragement，译为“鼓励”Eg: She was given every encouragement to try something new. 她得到充分的鼓励去尝试新事物。【即学即用】Our teacher often encourages us ________ (speak) English as much as possible. 答案：to speak That reminds me to have confidence in my ability and always be my best self. 这提醒我要对自己充满信心，始终做到最好。【用法讲解】 知识点一：一：remind为动词，译为“提醒”，后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句。 Eg: She reminded him that he had a meeting at 2 pm. 她提醒他下午两点有个会议。【常见搭配】 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 Remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 Remind oneself 提醒自己 Eg: The smell o f hay always reminds me of our old house in the country. 甘草的味道总是令我想起了我们在乡村的老房子。 The teacher often reminds me to read English in the morning. 老师经常提醒我早晨读英语。 I reminded myself to study for the final exams coming up. 我提醒自己要为即将到来的期末考试做好准备。知识点二：ability为不可数名词，译为“才能、本领、才智”。 Eg: His musical ability was evident from childhood. 他的音乐天赋从小就很明显。【常见搭配】 have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 Nature/ innate ability 天生的才能 Within/ beyond one’s ability 在能力范围内/超出能力范围 Eg: She has the ability to solve complex problems quickly.她有快速解决复杂问题的能力。Children often show a natural ability to learn languages. 儿童常展现出学习语言的天赋。Climbing that mountain is beyond my ability. 攀登那座山超出了我的能力。【派生词】 able为形容词，译为“可以的、有能力的”；disability为名词，译为“残疾、无能力”。 Eg: She is able to speak English very well.她可以说英语说得很好。The building has ramps for people with disabilities. 该建筑设有供残障人士使用的坡道。【即学即用】( )1. What you said just now _______ me of that American professor.mentioned B. informed C. reminded D. memorizedThe test is designed to demonstrate students’ analytical __________ (able).答案： 1. C 2. abilityIt’s pity to let it go to waste like that. 这样荒着太可惜了。【用法讲解】 waste为动词，译为“浪费、挥霍、滥用”；waste还可为名词，译为“浪费”。 Eg: Please throw the waste in the recycling bin. 请把废物扔进回收箱。I wasted my time on that project. 我在哪个项目上浪费了时间。【常见搭配】 waste time/money on sb./ sth. 在某人/某物上浪费时间/金钱 Waste time/money (in) doing sth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事 A waste of time 浪费时间 Eg: She wasted a lot of money on clothes. 她在衣服上浪费了很多钱。Tom never wastes too much time playing computer games. 汤姆从不在玩电脑游戏上浪费太多时间。It’s a waste of time talking to him. 和他谈话事浪费时间。【即学即用】They wasted a whole day _________ (try) to fix the computer. 答案：tryingWho can tell me what peanuts are good for? 谁能告诉我花生有什么益处？【用法讲解】 be good for译为“对...有益”，be动词要随着主语发生变化。 Eg: Vegetables are good for your health. 蔬菜对你健康有益。【知识拓展】 be good with... 善于应付...；和...相处的好 Be good at 擅长 Be good to ... 对...友好 Eg: She is good at English. 她擅长英语。She is good with the old. 她和老人相处的好。Our teacher is good to us. 我们的老师对我们很友好。【即学即用】( )1. I am good ______ playing basketball.at B. in C. on D. with 答案：A “They’re delicious to eat,” my sister took the lead. “他们吃起来很美味，”我姐姐率先说。【用法讲解】lead为动词，译为“引导、造成、带领、过（某种生活）”；其过去式/过去分词为led。 Eg: Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems. 吃太多垃圾食品会导致健康问题。Can you lead me to the nearest subway station? 你能带我去最近的地铁站吗？【常见搭配】lead sb. + 地点介词短语 把某人带到某地 Lead to 导致、通向 Lead sb. in doing sth. 引导某人做某事 Lead a ... life 过着...的生活 Eg: He led the guests into his room. 他把客人带到了自己的房间。The rain led to the road being slippery. 雨水导致地面滑。Our teacher leads us in learning English. 我们的老师引导我们学习英语。She leads a simple life. 她过着简朴的生活。They need a leader they can believe in. 他们需要一个可以信赖的领导。【派生词】 leader为名词，译为“领导者”。 Eg: He is a good leader. 他是一个好的领导者。【即学即用】努力工作会导致成功。 Hard work _______ _______ success.The _______ (lead) of the country made an important speech yesterday. 答案：1. leads to 2. leaderAlmost everyone can afford to buy peanuts and most people like eating them. 几乎每个人都买得起，并且大多数人喜欢吃。【用法讲解】 afford为动词，译为“买得起”，即可表示（经济上）负担得起，也可指（时间/能力上）能够做某事，还可译为“提供、给予”，常与can/ can’t/ could/ couldn’t搭配。 Eg: I can’t afford a new phone right now. 我现在买不起新手机。She can’t afford to miss another deadline. 她不能再错过截止日期了。The window affords a beautiful view of the mountains. 这扇窗户能看到山景。【常见搭配】 can/ can’t afford sth. 买得起/买不起某物 Afford to do sth. 有能力做某事 Eg: Only a few people can afford luxury watches. 只有少数人买得起奢侈手表。She can’t afford to travel abroad this year. 她今年没钱去国外旅行。【派生词】 affordable为形容词，译为“负担得起的、价格合理的”。 Eg: The local government launched a project to build more affordable housing for low - income families. 当地政府启动了一个项目，为低收入家庭建造更多经济适用房。【即学即用】With the new salary raise, she can finally a__________ the apartment downtown that she’s been eyeing for months. 答案：afford “ Do you mean,” I asked, “compared with being useful, looking for attention and praise from others is not that important?” 我问道：“您的意思是，比起做一个有用的人，去追求别人的关注和赞美，并不是那么重要吗？”【用法讲解】 praise为动词，译为“赞扬”；praise还可为不可数名词，译为“赞扬”。 Eg: The teacher praised the student’s creativity. 老师表扬了学生的创造力。His work earned praise from experts. 他的工作获得了专家的称赞。【常见搭配】 praise sb. for sth. 因某事赞扬某人 Words of praise 赞美之词 In praise of ... 歌颂... Eg: She was praised for her honesty. 她因诚实受到表扬。The artist blushed at the words of praise. 艺术家因赞美之词脸红了。He wrote a poem in praise of nature. 他写了一首赞美自然的诗。【即学即用】Parents should p_________ children’s efforts, not just results. 答案：praiseBut Father’s words remain clear in my memory to this day. 但是直到今天爸爸的话依然清晰地印在我的记忆里。【用法讲解】 remain作动词，也可译为“剩下、剩余、继续存在、保持不变”，后面可接名词、形容词或介词短语；remain也可为名词，译为“剩余物、遗迹”。 Eg: The main thing is to remain calm. 最重要的是保持冷静。They had all those that remained. 他们把剩下的全部拿走了。They went, but I remained. 他们走了，但我留了下来。She fed the remains of her lunch to the dog. 她把剩下的午饭喂狗了。【常见搭配】 remain to do sth. 继续做某事（动作尚未发生） Remain doing sth. 继续做某事（一个正在持续的动作） Eg: A lot of machines remained to be repaired. 还有很多机器需要修理。The boy remained standing outside. 那个男孩一直在外面站着。【即学即用】Language r________ the chief means of communication. 答案：remainsFor the rest of our walk, I tried to think about my goal in life. 接下来散步的时间里，我一直思考自己的人生目标。【用法讲解】 Rest为名词，译为“剩余部分”，还可译为“休息”；rest也可作动词，译为“休息”。【常见搭配】 take/ have a rest 休息 the rest of + 名词 剩下的 （作主语时谓语动词取决于后面的名词） Eg: You look tired. Why don’t you take a rest? 你看上去很累。为什么不休息一下呢？ The rest of the team is waiting for us. 队伍中的其他人正在等我们。 The rest of the eggs are yours. 剩下的鸡蛋是你的。 I’m tired, and I want to rest. 我累了，我想休息。 【即学即用】( )1. The rest of the students ______ in the classroom.be B. am C. is D. are你已经工作两天了，最好休息一下。You have already worked for two days, you’d better _____ ______ _______.答案：1. D 2. have/ take a restI’ll keep that in mind. 我会记住的。【用法讲解】 mind在此处为名词，译为“头脑、思想”；mind也可作动词，译为“介意”。【常见搭配】Change one’s mind 改变某人的主意 Make up one’s mind (to do sth.) 下决心(做某事)mind (one’s) doing sth. “介意（某人）做某事” Mind + 从句Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English. 她下定决心提高她的英语。Would you mind my opening the door? 你介意我开门吗？ I don’t mind if you have free time. 我不介意你是否有空闲时间。【即学即用】( ) 1. --Would you mind my _______? -- Of course. Do it as you like, please.to play the piano B. playing the piano C. play the piano D. to playing the piano答案： B Her job involves helping fix people’s broken arms and legs. 她的工作包括帮助人们修复骨折的手臂和腿。【用法讲解】 fix为动词，还可译为“修理、校正、安排、解决（问题）”；fix还可为名词，译为“困境、解决方案”。 Eg: He can fix the problem on his own. 他可以自己解决问题。I need to fix the broken window. 我需要修理这个坏窗户。The support beam was fixed in place. 支撑梁固定到位。We need to fix the date for the meeting. 我们需要安排会议时间。The government has really got itself into a fix. 政府真的让自己陷入困境。But there might be a healthier quick fix: writing. 但可能有更加快捷健康的解决方法：写作。【常见搭配】 fix sth. to sth. 将某物固定在另一物上 Fix sth. up 整理、修理 Fix one’s eyes on sth. 凝视、专注某物 Eg: Please fix a shelf to the wall. 请把架子固定在墙上。I’ll fix up the room before the guests arrive. 我们将在客人到达之前整理好房间。Fix my eyes on the screen. 凝视屏幕。【派生词】 repairable为形容词，译为“可修复的”。 Eg: This device is no longer repairable. 该设备无法修复。【易混辨析】 repair、mend和fix区别： repair 指结构复杂，损坏严重的物体 mend 指修补衣服、鞋等小用具等 fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实 Eg: Love the Chinese nation, repair the Great Wall. 爱我中华，修我长城。 Could you mend my bike for me? 你能帮我修一下自行车吗？ The car won’t start -- can you fix it? 这辆车发动不起来了--你能修理以下吗？【即学即用】( )1. The shelf is _____ on the wall.fix B. fixed C. mended D. repaired答案：BAnyone interested in Dunhuang is likely to have heard of Fan Jinshi. 任何对敦煌感兴趣的人，很可能都听说过樊锦诗。【用法讲解】 hear在此处为动词，译为“听见、听说”，其过去式为heard。 Eg: I can hear the music in the background. 我能听到背景音乐。【常见搭配】 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事（全过程） Hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事（部分） Hear of sth. 听说... Hear from sb. 收到某人来信 Eg: We often hear him sing in the park. 我们经常听见他在公园里唱歌。I heard her singing a song when I passed the room. 当我路过房间时，我听见她在唱歌。I have heard about his success in business. 我听说他在生意上成功了。I haven’t heard from my parents for a long time. 我很久没有收到父母的来信了。【即学即用】( )1. You can hear the birds _______ when you walk in the forest.sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang答案： C Sadly, these treasures were damaged due to natural causes over thousands of years and overtourism in the last century. 遗憾的是，这些珍贵文物数千年来因自然因素再加上上世纪的过度旅游开发，遭到了破坏。【用法讲解】 cause在此处为动词，译为“使发生、导致”；cause作名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为causes，还可译为“原告、事业、原因、理由”。 Eg: The cause of the accident is still unknown. 事故的原因仍然不明。The plaintiff is the cause in a civil lawsuit. 在民事诉讼中，原告是诉因方。She devoted her life to the cause of education. 她把自己的一生奉献给了教育事业。Smoking can cause many health problems. 吸烟会导致许多健康问题。The war caused great suffering to the people. 战争给人们带来了巨大的痛苦。【常见搭配】 root cause 根本原因 Main cause 主要原因 Cause sb. sth. 给某人带来某种影响 Cause sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 In the cause of ... 为了...的目的 Eg: Identifying the root cause is crucial for solving the problem. 找出根本原因对解决问题至关重要。Pollution is a major cause of climate change. 污染是气候变化的主要原因。The news caused her great joy. 这个消息让她非常高兴。His speech caused the audience to applaud. 他的演讲使观众鼓掌。They fought in the cause of freedom. 他们为了自由的目的而战。【即学即用】The c________ of the fire was a faulty electrical wire. 答案：causeFelt it was her duty to... 感觉...是她的职责【用法讲解】 duty为可数名词，译为“责任、义务、职责”，其复数形式为duties。 Eg: Soldiers must perform their duties bravely. 士兵必须勇敢履行职责。【常见搭配】 it is one’s duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责 On duty 在值班/执勤 Off duty 下班/不值班 Sense of duty 责任感 Eg: It is my duty to help those in need. 帮助有需要的人是我的职责。The doctor is on duty tonight. 今晚这位医生值班。When off duty, he enjoys hiking. 下班后，他喜欢徒步。She has a strong sense of duty. 她有强烈的责任感。【即学即用】It is my duty ________ (do) housework. 答案：to do Every day, he tries her best to help others. 每天，他尽全力帮助他人。【用法讲解】 Try为动词，译为“尝试、试图”；try也可为名词，译为“尝试、努力”。【常见搭配】 try to do sth. 努力做某事 Try doing sth. 尝试做某事 Try ... on 试穿... Try out 试验、试用 Try one’s best to do sth. 尽全力做某事 Have a try 试一试 Eg: He tried to finish the work before the deadline. 他在截止日期前尽力完成工作。 I want to try swimming. 我想尝试游泳。 Can I try on these shoes? 我可以试穿这些鞋子吗？ They are trying out a new software program. 他们正在使用一款新的软件程序。 I will try my best to meet the deadline. 我会尽全力在截至日期前完成。 Why not have a try and see if you can do it? 为什么不试一试看看你能否做到呢？【即学即用】Everyone must try his best __________ (finish) the task on time. 答案：to finish He is always ready to lend a hand. 他总是乐于伸出援手。【用法讲解】 ready还可为动词，译为“主动完成准备工作”；ready亦可为名词，译为“现金”。 Eg: Are you ready to start? 你准备好开始了吗？ I bought a ready - made suit. 我买了一套现成的西装。 The team readied the equipment for launch. 团队为发射调试设备。 A ready source of cash. 一个现成的现金来源。【常见搭配】 be ready to do sth. 马上要（做某事）、愿意做（某事） Get/ be ready 做好准备 Be ready for sth. 为某事做准备 Eg: The girl is ready to help others. 这个女孩非常乐于助人。 I’m getting ready for the party. 我正在为聚会做准备。 We’re ready for the experiment. 我们已准备好做实验。【即学即用】( )1. I’m ready _______ the project as soon as you give me the approval.start B. to start C. starting D. to starting答案：BThis is enough to save about 70 lives. 这足够挽救70人的性命。【用法讲解】 enough在此处为副词，译为“充分地”，通常放在形容词或副词之后；enough也可作形容词，译为“足够的”，放在名词前作定语。 Eg: He is tall enough to play basketball. 他足够高可以打篮球。We have enough time to finish the work. 我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。【常见搭配】 be + 形容词 + enough + for sb. + to do sth. 对某人来说做某事... Eg: The book is easy enough for you to read. 这本书对你来说很容易读。【即学即用】( )1. Mike is only 15 years old. He is not ______ to get a driver’s license.old enough B. enough old C. young enough D. enough young答案： AHe has a heart full of love. 他有一颗满是爱的心。【用法讲解】 “full of”译为“充满...”，其同义词组为be filled with...。 Eg: The classroom is full of students. = The classroom is filled with students. 教室里坐满了学生。【即学即用】篮球运动员们在球场上精力充沛。 The basketball players _____ ______ ______ ______ on the court. 答案： are full of energy语法解析动词-ing形式的用法动词-ing形式是英语中动词的一种非谓语形式，它可以用于构成时态，或发挥名词、形容词的功能，在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。动词-ing作主语动词-ing形式放在句首，表示一个抽象的动作或概念，谓语动词用单数。Eg: Reading is really important to me.阅读对我来说真的很重要。 Seeing is believing.登山一览，目睹为实。 Trying to be like the peanut is a good idea.努力做像花生那样的人是个好主意。动词-ing作宾语动词-ing形式放在及物动词或介词后面，作动词宾语或介词宾语。常接-ing的动词有：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, suggest, avoid, keep等。Eg: We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants.我们开始买种子、翻地、给作物浇水。 Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。 Her hobby is collecting stamps.她的爱好是集邮。动词-ing作表语动词-ing形式放在系动词后面，说明主语的内容或特征。Eg: Her hobby is collecting stamps.她的爱好是集邮。 Seeing is believing.登山一览，目睹为实。动词-ing作定语动词-ing作定语时，单个-ing放在名词前；-ing短语放在名词后。-ing作定语表示“令人……的”或表示名词的功能、用途。Eg: Amy thinks helpfulness is an amazing quality.埃米认为乐于助人是一种令人惊叹的品质。 He may be in the reading room.他可能在阅览室。 The boy reading a book is my brother.正在看书的男孩是我弟弟。动词-ing作宾语补足语动词-ing形式可以在句中作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语正在进行的动作。此用法常见于感官动词（see, hear, watch, feel, notice等）之后。Eg: I saw him crossing the street.我看见他正在过马路。 We heard her singing in the next room.我们听见她在隔壁唱歌。动词-ed形式的用法动词-ed形式表示被动和完成，常用作定语、表语和宾语补足语。-ed形式修饰人时表示“感到……的”，-ing形式修饰物时表示“令人……的”。Eg: I am amazed by her story.她的故事让我很震撼。（amazed表人的感受） Her story is amazing.她的故事令人惊叹。（amazing表事物的特征） The hidden treasure was finally found.隐藏的宝藏终于被找到了。 Painted sculptures are very beautiful.彩塑非常美丽。【易混辨析】 -ing与-ed形容词区别：-ing形式表示“令人……的”，修饰事物；-ed形式表示“感到……的”，修饰人。Eg: The movie is interesting. / I am interested in the movie.电影很有趣。/我对这部电影很感兴趣。写作话题：Write an article about a meaningful life.* 提示：1. Everyone can live a meaningful life by doing useful things for others.2. My father is an ordinary man, but he is very kind and helpful.3. He tries his best to help others and donates blood regularly.4. He has made up his mind to donate his body for medical research.5. I am greatly influenced by my father and have made up my mind to live like him.* 写作步骤定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一人称)、时态(一般现在时、一般过去时)* 范文：A Meaningful LifeI think my father has a very meaningful life. He is an ordinary man, but he is very kind and helpful.Every day, he tries his best to help others. Whenever his friends or family need help, he is always ready to lend a hand. And it is normal for him to take care of old people in our neighbourhood in his free time.My father does not just help people in his everyday life. He has also donated blood more than 20 times. This is enough to save about 70 lives. Even his death will have meaning since he has decided to donate his body for medical research when he dies.My father believes it is meaningful to support those around you. He has a heart full of love. I am greatly influenced by my father and have made up my mind to live my life just like him.